C1 INDICES AND SURDS Answers - Worksheet B

1 a = 64 b = 216 c =1
d = 625 e = −243 f = 1
16

g = 8
27
h = − 641 i = ( 43 )2 = 16
9
or 1 79

j = ( 32 )4 = 81
16
or 5 161 k = 0.000 01 l = −0.008

2 a 28 b 27 c 20 d 24 e 29 f 214

3 a = 8p7 b = x10 c = 6n5 d = y12

e = 2b f = p4q3 g = x3y h = 6r2s3
i = 2x3y7 j = 4a5b8 k = 125r3s6 ÷ 100r2s2 l = 15p3q
= 54 rs4

4 a = 312 = 19 b =1 c = ( −12)6 = 641

d = 62 = 36 e = ( 32 )−3 = ( 23 )3 = 8
27
f = 9 =3

g = 4 16 = 2 h = 3 −27 = −3 i = 1
49
= 71

j = 3 125 = 5 k = 4
9
= 2
3
l = 1
36
= 16

m = 4
1
81
= 13 n = 3
1
−64
= − 14 o = 5 32 = 2

− 13
p = 3 − 125
8
= − 52 q = 9
4
= 3
2
or 1 21 r = ( 278 ) =3 8
27
= 2
3

5 a = ( 4)3 = 23 = 8 b = ( 3 27)2 = 32 = 9

c = ( 4 16)3 = 23 = 8 d = ( 3 −125)2 = (−5) 2 = 25

e = ( 9)5 = 35 = 243 f = ( 3 18 )2 = 1
22
= 14

g =( 1
36 )3
= 613 = 1
216
h = ( 3 18 )4 = ( 12 )4 = 161

4 3
i =( 9
) = ( 23 )3 = 8
27
j = ( 3 216)2 = 62 = 36

16 3
k =( 9
) = ( 34 )3 = 64
27
or 2 10
27
l = ( 3 − 27
64
)4 = (− 34 )4 = 81
256

− 32 4 3
m = 4
100
= 102 = 51 or 0.2 n = ( 94 ) =( 9
) = ( 32 )3 = 8
27

64 2 − 32
o = (3 1000
) = (104 ) 2 = 4
25
or 0.16 p = ( 16
25
) =( 16 3
25
) = ( 45 )3 = 125
64

3 − 43
81 3
q = ( 16 ) = (4
81 4
16
) = ( 23 )3 = 27
8
or 3 83 r = ( 64
27
) = (3 27 4
64
) = ( 34 )4 = 81
256

 Solomon Press
C1 INDICES AND SURDS Answers - Worksheet B page 2

6 a = 4 × 3 27 b = 4 16 + 25 c = 1
3
8
÷ 36 d = 3
−64 × ( 9)3
=2×3=6 =2+5=7 = 1
2
÷6= 1
12
= −4 × 27 = −108

e = 32 − 3 −8 f = 1
25
× 42 g = ( 4 81)3 − 49 h = 3
27 × ( 9 3
4
)
= 9 − (−2) = 11 = 1
5
× 16 = 16
5
or 3 15 = 27 − 7 = 20 = 3 × 278 = 81
8
or 10 18

i = 9 × ( 5 −32)3 j = 121 + 5 32 k = 100 ÷ ( 1 3

4
) l = 4
1
16
× ( 5 243) 2
= 3 × (−8) = −24 = 11 + 2 = 13 = 10 ÷ 1
8
= 80 = 1
2
×9= 9
2
or 4 12

7 a = x2 b = y−6 c = 3p−4 d = 8x−12

5 2 + 1 11 3 − 13 4 1 − 43 − 65
e = y2 f = 8b 3 4
= 8b 12 g = x5 = x 15 h = a2 =a
1 − ( − 15 ) 9 4 1 + 56 − 32 1
i = p4 = p 20 j = 9x 5 k =y = y3 l = 13 t
2 + 14 − 12 7 1 + 13 − 1 − 16 2 +( − 1 )− 3 − 14 1+ 34 − ( − 12 ) 9
m =b = b4 n = y2 =y o = 2x 3 6 4
= 2x p = 14 a = 14 a 4

1 1
8 a x = 62 = 36 b x = 53 = 125 c x2 = 1
2
d x4 = 3
x = ( 12 )2 = 1
4
x = 34 = 81
1 1 1 3
3
e x2 = 8 =2 f x 3 = ± 16 = ± 4 g x 3 = ± 4 81 = ± 3 h x2 = 1
27
1
x = 22 = 4 x = (± 4)3 = ± 64 x = (± 3)3 = ± 27 x2 = 3 1 = 1
27 3
1 2 1
x=( 3
) = 9

1
1 − 13 1 5 x4 − 34
9 a = x2 b = x c = x2 × x 2 = x 2 d = =x
x
1 3 1 1 5 1 5 2 3 13
e = ( x3 ) 2 = x 2 f = x2 × x3 = x6 g = ( x 2 )5 = x 2 h = x3 × x2 = x 6

− 12 − 13 − 32
10 a 4x b 1
2
x −1 c 3
4
x −3 d 1
9
x −2 e 2
5
x f 1
3
x

1 − 13
11 a = (23)2 = 26 b = (2−2)−2 = 24 c = (2−1 ) 3 = 2
− 16 − 32 2 6
d = (24 ) =2 e = (23 ) 5 = 2 5 f = (2−5)−3 = 215

x 3x
12 a = (32)x = 32x b = (34)x + 1 = 34x + 4 c = (33 ) 4 = 3 4

d = (3−1)x = 3−x e = (32)2x − 1 = 34x − 2 f = (3−3)x + 2 = 3−3x − 6

13 a = 2 × 2x = 2y b = 2−2 × 2x = 1
4
y c = (2x)2 = y2

8
d = (23)x = 23x = (2x)3 = y3 e = 23 × 24x = 8y4 f = (2−1)x − 3 = 23 × 2−x =
y

 Solomon Press
C1 INDICES AND SURDS Answers - Worksheet B page 3

14 a 2x = 26 b 5x − 1 = 5 3 c 3x + 4 = 27 = 33 d (23)x = 23x = 2
x=6 x−1=3 x+4=3 3x = 1
x=4 x = −1 x = 13

e 32x − 1 = 32 f 16 = 42 = 43x − 2 g (32)x − 2 = 32x − 4 = 33 h (23)2x + 1 = 26x + 3 = 24

2x − 1 = 2 2 = 3x − 2 2x − 4 = 3 6x + 3 = 4
x = 32 x = 43 x = 72 x = 16

1 1 2
i (72)x+1 = 72x+2 = 7 2 j 33x − 2 = (32 ) 3 = 3 3 k (6−1)x+3 = 6−x−3 = 62 l (2−1)3x − 1 = 21 − 3x = 23
2x + 2 = 12 3x − 2 = 23 −x − 3 = 2 1 − 3x = 3
x = − 34 x= 8
9
x = −5 x = − 23

15 a 2x + 3 = (22)x = 22x b 53x = (52)x+1 = 52x+2 c (32)2x = 34x = 3x − 3 d (42)x = 42x = 41 − x

x + 3 = 2x 3x = 2x + 2 4x = x − 3 2x = 1 − x
x=3 x=2 x = −1 x = 13

e (22)x + 2 = (23)x f (33)2x = (32)3 − x g 63x − 1 = (62)x + 2 h (23)x = (24)2x − 1

22x + 4 = 23x 36x = 36 − 2x 63x − 1 = 62x + 4 23x = 28x − 4
2x + 4 = 3x 6x = 6 − 2x 3x − 1 = 2x + 4 3x = 8x − 4
x=4 x = 34 x=5 x = 45

i (53)x = 5x − 3 j (3−1)x = 3x − 4 k (2−1)1 − x = (2−3)2x l (2−2)x + 1 = (23)x

53x = 5x − 3 3−x = 3x − 4 2x − 1 = 2−6x 2−2x − 2 = 23x
3x = x − 3 −x = x − 4 x − 1 = −6x −2x − 2 = 3x
x = − 32 x=2 x = 17 x = − 52

16 a = x3 − 1 b = 2x2 + 6x3 c = 3 − x2 d = 12x3 + 8x

1
e = 3x3 + 2x f = 3 − 3x2 g = 5x 2 + x 2 h = 3x2 − x−1
5 5
i = x6 + x4 − 3x2 − 3 j = 2x9 + 6x5 + x5 + 3x k = x3 − 1 − 2 + 2x−3 l = x3 − x 2 − x 2 + x 2
5
= 2x9 + 7x5 + 3x = x3 − 3 + 2x−3 = x3 − 2 x 2 + x 2

1 y5 − 6 y2
17 a = x2 + 2 b = 2t3 − 3t c = x − 3x 2 d =
3y
= 1
3
y4 − 2 y
1 1
1 3 3 x 2 ( x + 1) t 2 × 2t (t 2 − 2)
e = p4 + p4 f = 2w 2 − 12 w g = h =
x +1 t2 − 2
1 3
= x2 = 2t 2

 Solomon Press