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The document is a cheat sheet for Python programming, covering various topics such as lists, classes, loops, and conditional tests. It provides examples of list operations, class definitions, and input handling, aimed at beginners learning Python. Additionally, it includes references to Python 2 and 3, highlighting differences and functionalities.
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Seen firstltwo = Hiasherst2) seen
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Copying a ist te Sea
copy of bikes = bikest:) He SETS
Helo wor Adena position")
print wrk) or Lecena hau0h al kei pare
Holo werd wi va amis Ce 3 oe
op « “ello writ" orate Senior tomes
bprint(wsg) ‘Making 2 tuple Dh Loves setter)
Lo2png taugh eps
Conctenton coming snes inosion = (90, 388)
ater eee) “ ‘fav_numbors = {"erdc': 27, ‘ever’: 4)
as
‘follnane = first_nane + * * + lest nome ‘print(nane + * loves a minbier")
sea ea
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7 Sedat ae
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=a 2a ———
lies» (res ‘rei’, “an') Tao
Goth atom a
‘Concitonal test wih sis mpting for a vebie |
inst_nike » pikes{@) ‘rab tn bikes ome = inpve(“what"s your rane? “)
Got tio tst tem ina st suey Semen Uae
Grinc(Wello, "+ nase + “1")
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Looping tough ast eae age + inpst(“fow 018 are your“)
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Cheat Sheet - Lists
cr
Ty
‘Alia toes a series of ome in a partclar order
sis allow you to store ses of information none
place, whether you have jst afow toms or rltons
ilems, Lisi ae one of Pytion’s most powertl
features readily accessbe to new programmes, anc
‘hoy to togathor many important concepts in
programming.
Cees
eer ayy,
Pee
eee ree en Ce Nerd
Gera
Making ast
sees = ['val', "boo", “ata, ‘ron’, “ned")
erred
ener ee eer ad
Penoogesn terre rrr rena
ine Leen ae rans
oneaneeer aah tiok oa
Py enerreeael Reed Ae Tieton es
‘Golting the frst element
Hhest_aser = users{6)
Going the second oiemont
second user = users{2]
Gotti te last element
fieest ser = users{-2]
Tenens
nar tated
ravens
eres
een
ones
‘Adding an element othe ond of ho st
‘users append'aey")
‘Starting with an empty fet
users = 0)
‘users. appena( vat!)
Re teed
Isetng elements
users insert(@, "joo"
Userscinser, "bea")
ince
ee geen eee
Poe nt seer era
Pere ene rate
‘Dolthng ar element by ts postion
el wsers[-1)
Removing an lem by is value
sers.renove("ata")
Sees
Pe oe ren en
poe ene ees
Pep tho lat fom rom o ist
rost_seceat_user = users.o00()
Brint(nest_recent_user)
ep tho fest tom in a i
‘est user = wsers.t09(0)
prant(arst_user)
erro
ar) cto ot
Fin the length of ist
run_usors = len(usere)
Drint we have = + StrCmun.users) + wsers.
Pee
Earns
Se eee ee ec
Reena een toni ars
Gomer nar Pau ia
ec eee eer ane oie
ten
Sorting a ist permanenty
sers.sort()
Sorting a ist parmanenily in reves alhaboicl
order
users. sort(raversesTrue)
Song a iat temporay
prane(sortedcusers))
princ{sortedcosers, reverse=trve))
FRovereing ho order ofa st
wsers.reverse)
ernie
eee at elegance
ionic hore
Seppe ren tear ee arenes
Peta cehenprenhensepenypininir ay hy
Peer eres
Printing al toms nit
for user Un users:
prancceser).
Ping a message foreach tem, and a separate
rmossago atorwarcs
for wien in users:
brine ween, "+ user 4 71°)
brsncCWelcone, We're glad to see you a!
Python Crash Course |S!
overs thon 3ondPython2
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Cheat Sheet —
neue
eee ee eee eee
“Tosting eqvaky and inequality
eo
eee ee ener eR eee
eee Tepe ect emretre tal
pea emeerenpel rere
22) age = 18 =
Bhs Sng Letiemen
aster sal cy pse e ena
Wg ea
. alah coral ME STR idle el
and While Loops eer? wuss asanean
Ba a
[ccc iD anetes
Tsalonons aionyoule ante peouenoue Sra? 2 Te aa
(of @ program and respond appropriately to that stato. False ae inet" .
Youcan wito simple stalomentinat checksone >>> 26¢ >= 21 ae a
candi, or you can create a complox series oti!
‘Stalemens ta! ent the exact condtons youre
ooking fo.
ea eed
Theit:
ee ee eet ad
pra amie eT eer er
aetna aed
‘Wile loops run as long 2s certain cancons romain
‘nue, Yau ean uso while loops fo at your programs
‘un ae long as your users want them 1p
Conditional Tests
een emer rete
OL Teor need pe ts
ie etd ened eared
(Checking for eqvaity
engwegey tpn ass ave Wavarade cove aq!
Senn) Dect ater boas eat
oan "om!
Sear oe hme
Tee
doean = “wa
Soo an ee “om
false
Igncsing case when making a comparison
29 can = “muah”
3 arc lower()
eve
‘Checking for inequaty
>> topping = “mushroons?
33> topping t= Sanchovles®
‘Using and to chock muspiecondtions
dames = 2
Be ME 9B and ast oe at
{Using 0: check multiple conditions
Emi
eee nT Ty
eso ert en pine eter
earns
tae active = true
Gnade = raise
price = 18
prame(-vour cont 48 $7 + ste(orseay + *.*)
eens
ere eee er a
eerie rat nea
cori
Testing fa velue iin ait
o> players = (al
3a "al! Ie playees
irve
Sos seete? an players.
False
‘Covers Python 3 and Python 2
nostarchpresscom/pythancrashcousePassing ast as an argument
‘ef roet_asers(ranes)
Frtprint a sine greeting to everyone."
‘for mine In rams
p= ‘Mello, * + name ¢
prt (ase)
serpames = (hannah
‘eeeat-usersCusoeramas)
‘Allowing ahincton o mediy alist
‘neler oars sas at od 8 nese er
ning Tractor ert ane scans Hed
y's Saareot')
nprinted. pot)
Dprine("oranting "+ current podel)
Printed. append{current_sovel)
«Store som unprinted designs,
a print each of then
‘aprinced = ("phone cas
printed = (1
Drint_sodelsturorinted, printed)
‘prine(“\unprinted:*, unprineed)
print(*Printed:", printed)
‘Pravering a function rom moslying a ist
Tro towr exam be ame a rvs oe ee be
Moral sited werent aos
ef print models(unorinted, pri
Freda print 2 et of models
saniie tnprinte:
current sodel = unprinted.pop()
Dprine("Pranting "+ current edel)
‘Printed. sppane(currantocel)
4 Store sone unprioted designs,
1 print each oF then,
‘original = [phone cose", ‘pendant’,
printed = (1
pendant’, ‘rine’
vine)
print sodelstoriginall:1, printed)
(brine(s\roripinal'"y erdganad)
Drine(“trinted:=, pednted)
Collecting an arbirary numberof arguments
Sor ate poze, onrigs):
Colisting an arbitrary numberof keyword arguments
et bul profite(first, last, **user_ info)
S"Bulld a user's profile dictionary.
‘build eet with the requires Weys.
profile = (*eirst's frst, "lasts Tost)
1a any er koys and vats,
For key, value in user info. ttens0)5
profiletkey) = valve
coturn profile
4 create G20 usors with different Kinds
3 OF information.
Sloring a function a module
Inmpoding an entra made
Beinahna reese
vey anne ei ovata ep le
Snoort pizza
ppleza.nake_plzza( ‘neon’,
plea ae plzza"Srall'y
Innpoting a spectctuneton
‘Ory pote ures aes tho progam He,
‘fron pizza inpert make plaza
eae pizza ‘nedlun’
*sepporont)
bacon'y "aneapple*)
“pesserens')
ake pizza(‘srall', “bacon’, “pines
Giving a module an alas
Anport pizza 8s p
emake pmo
Pomake_pizia(’ sal
Giving function an afas
rom pizza tnport make_plz2a 35 mp
pepparont*)
‘con’, “tncapote")
‘moCrmediun', “popperont*)
Imo(“saall, ‘bacon’, “pineapote)
Irmporting al functions from a modulo
(Darvon econ oo Finca cok
antenna ces whch Seca
‘fren pizza Lnpert *
sake pizza( ‘medion
Sheo_pissa(‘seall,
‘More cheot sheets ovollabte at
‘ehmathes.sithubso/pceTene a aaa)
Cheat Sheet - Classes
‘Clases are the fourdatan of object vente
rogramming. Classes represent real-nord tings
You want 1 modal your programs: fr example
dogs, cars, and ebots. You use a cass fo make
‘objec, wivoh are spec rstances of dogs, cars,
land robots, A class dines the ganeral behavior that
‘whole category of objects ean have. andthe
{nfermation tal can be associated wilh hase objects.
‘Classes can inherit rom each other ~ you can
write a elas at exten he unetonaly of an
‘exisng class. The allows you to code elie fora
de varity of stuatons.
The Car class
Golf, votes model, year)
11 tots
peint( "Fuel tank 43 Full
print("the ear te Souing.")
(Greating ar abject rom a dass
‘Accessing atibute value
printtoyiear
aling methods
car #421 ta0n()
devel
‘The _ini_{) method for @chid class
ectrlceartear)
A single nedel of on electric car.
class
Cain rio ee st ite tut, sth,
Beste cu Ncletsuate fentaa, a) per) Set sey yor
‘Ading new method oho hie ease
lass Eleetebecar(car)
‘Medliying an abut docty
sinesiear. fuel level ~'s
\Woting @ matiod o undate an atribue's valle
Get update fuel level(Self, pew level)
Sripeate th tok ive
selfstuel level = nem level
\Witing@ motied ia ineroment an stibute's value
cet aed fuel(self, secure
Af (self.fvel level + amount
prinetadied fuel.)
‘ehdele is fully charesd.*)
Using chid methods and parent methods
rectescear(
nk con't Wold that micht*)
sy scar.charge()
cus
Python Crash Course
Covers Python 3 ond Python 2Testing a value natn aks
users. [‘am!, ‘chad, ‘exe!
Checking ita lst is empiy
players = 1)
+ player -titte()
Print("we have no players yet")
eet
‘Simp input
amo = snput (wuts your nace?
prine(-Helloy *'s aawe + * >)
Accepting numetical opt
age © Anput( Wow old are you? ~)
Sr spesnt(Vitou can votel)
‘Accopting input Python 27.
Gis rp nPrce 2 Th hecton errs arent 8
sergshates pu cosh Pyren3
sm irgukt-Meat's your name?
ee mame)
Courting 195)
Leting the wsor choose when to quit
Srompt += “repeat it back te you."
essope = Logue (prenpt)
print (oessege)
Using aaa
ossage = Anput(pronpt)
ase
‘orint(essage)
Using break 1 oni loop
E1ty = Input oronot)
AF city om “gute
Srine(-T've bev to
enone
Trea
Using continue inaloop
anne usors = (eve, "fred", “aaey', ‘helen
layers = (1
‘a player = tape
player == "ault
elie player tn
srine(pl
is bamed!*)
‘An nits (999
while trie
aoe ion
Romaving al eas rom a st of pats
‘abit’ ‘eat’
sraneipees)
iste “cat? $0 pets
Move cheat sheets ovalloble at
hmatthessithubojpce‘Storing dlebonares in alst
ESare elo a emt tet.
1 Moke anotner new User, 3nd 248 then 35 well,
renuser =
Mast’: evete',
“iret: “mari
“Osaraane’? sacle",
y
‘se. appand(now usar)
4 Svoy all Information about each user,
‘You can also detino a tof detonate ere,
swnout using appenc):
1 Define a List of users, were each user
1
1+ Svev S11 information about each user,
for uaer_aice in veers
for ky vn user dict ttems()s
prumege snes aa)
pian)
‘Storing Isis ra letonary
4 store multiple Longuoges for each person.
4 show al responses for each person.
‘for nase, Tange in fay Lanpungeeeess():
i.
srrane)
Fullname» userctet{*first'] + * *
‘alae b= user 6bet{"Iaet']
locaton = user-dict{ Jecation")
princ("\trut rane: * + full name. titie())
print(-\tuocatlon: * + Tocation title())
‘Procoring the ordor of kaye and values
ron collections import OréeredDict
4 Store each person's Languages, keeping
track of whe respoded test.
‘ay hangonges = OrdereaDicr()
‘fay Langone Jen") = python’, ‘raby']
fovclanguagest sarah") = [e"]
favctanguagest‘eoeard") = (*ruby', "go"
favcdanguagselpoil'] = (python “haskell )
4 Display the results, in the sane onder they
aliens = ()
1 Make a milion greee aliens, worth 5 polnts
‘teen. Have then all Start in one row
Sor le an tenets)
‘new alten "coler*) = ‘green’
‘exc te ‘potate!)
ent x") = 20 © allen num
fewaltent'y"] > 0
‘Mars appen(vowatten)
1 rove the List contains a ailien aliens.
‘umaiions = Jen(aliens)
‘prine("hanber of aliens ereated:”)
‘rine (aun aliens)
‘More cheot sheets ovale at
hmatthesthublpce!LIers a tle
Cheat Sheet —
Files and Exceptions
Wetcaeecs
"Your programs can ead informaon i rom tes, and
‘hoy can write data to flac. Roading rom tes alow
you to wark wit a wide vaiely of n'ormaton: wring
{ols afows usors fo pek up whore thay et off ho
‘ot tine they run your program. You can wie txt 0
Mies, and you can store Pyihon sures such as
{sis in dala les.
Ecopions are special objects that help your
‘roarams respond to errors in eporoprate wae. For
‘example if your program ties to open a fe hat
‘does ex, you can use exceptions io display an
Informative eror message rstead of having the
program erash
Reading froma file
ener eae
eee eee ieee et
RE ie er rae
Beene enren ry peeve peeccrieatey
eee
easing an oniro teat ones
‘fLlename = skdgharthe txt”
on gpm tein abe
contents =F
print(cintonts)
easing in by ino
Ezstin Pts end om ees a onl crc te
‘tide na are pr ncn as wen rene
‘hac, Tre ae mated gts of tearm Dak es
‘isos aren petty of oral
‘flonase = ‘siddhartha, txt!
princ(Lanesrstrip())
[oromneten
‘Storing the lines ina st
‘lena = "siddbareha. txt"
20h open(#ttenane) 96 063:
ines fon reael ines)
for Hino sn dines
prine( line: steip())
Sens
ane ast aed
aire ee pee tera
Pare rpeeneseng Soins
Gainer er
‘Weting to an emp te
‘lanane » ‘programaing. tat”
ith opan(FLdename, “W) as F2
fewrite("T love propremsirel”)
‘Wing metic tines to an empty le
‘Felenam = “programming. txt"
wie spond fienane, ) a5
‘Appending to a fle
‘felename = "programming. tx”
ith epen(fidenane, ‘3") as
‘ewrite("t so love working wlth data. \)
FaetteCT love making apps as well. wr),
sue
ipa tia tatty
eater
Reece rae eerie)
rae erg
Pope
‘Opening athe rom a subtlaer
AF gath = "text_files/atice. txt”
10 open(f path) as ot
‘ines —“Fob.reodlines()
for Aine So Lines:
prine( lines seeta())
Genuine
(Opening a fle using an absoute pat
Epath « “/one ermatthas/tooks/alice. tt?
sth oven path) 26 06}:
ines = Foch readilnes()
ing 3 flo on incon
(ices ene ace rer hes bore.
‘path = "C:\Users\enatihes\bonks alee tat™
sath, pence. path) a5 Fob:
ines = Feb). rexdlines()
The try-except block
Citta ene arian
Peso ee ratte eerie tarl
Mier aes tn hake
See a Leroy
Handing the 2eroDisionEwor exception
prsne(s/e)
except TereDivistonError:
"Deune("You can't aivide by 2erot")
Handing the FieNoiFourdewor excopion
sane = ‘siddbartha. txt”
ee
wlth opentf sane) a5 0b}:
‘ines Fb. readlines()
except FHletotFouncerrer=
Teg = "Can't Find File (8).*.Fornat(t rane)
princcase)
teens
eee
Retna etait eters
eet pace aera eel
fein eeepc
Python Crash Course
covers Python 3 ond Python 2
nostarehpess.com/pythoncreshcourseBeginner's Python
Cel) 1-1
Functions
Wiens
Funetone are rarned beck of code docignos to ¢o
‘one epoeife ob, Fureions alow you to wie coda
‘once that can then be run wherever you need t2
‘Sccomplsh the same task Functons can tako inthe
Information they need. and return the Irfomaaon they
‘Generate. Using lurcons effectively makes your
programs easier to wile, ead, test and i.
Teac
eee en reer id
[sine lapse elie in ay
ae ee rere mer eee
Pieler oe Mee aan
een
ee eee eed
Prete
ereot_vs0r()
Perce ca
ere eter
Be recat retary
Ect ita tear pa
oer aemeriereny
Paras
Passing a single argument
ef rcet_wser(usermane):
“piiplay a simple greeting.
prine("metto, * + username #1")
greot_ucensess0")
[Freot=ster(“alane
(Erect user("brandon")
Poni macerncae)
oleh etait or heh
Pi ear rey siabey eeeeray
Col ait et rer
Pee rene cree aa ected
rene Dasa ean
eerie
‘Usig postions aguments
ef cesrlte. sean ane:
Display inforeation aoout 2 pet.
fprine(*\nt fave ae anieal ¢ °-5}
Peine(its sows f° ae.
onary")
ie’)
rertpe gee nanter
‘scribe edo
Using keyword agumenis
‘ef cesertba pet(aniealy rams):
SSptsplay inforeation about « pet.“
fpeine(*\nt tove as anal +
Deine(-its none Ss ~s nae e=°)
deserdve pet(anisale'tanster’, nanen"harry")
‘Geseribo_per(ranes willie", ahinale' dog")
Pears
ane er aera
Proms aay rarer rene
Pe eee estate
Poi eeaberenee ene reny irae sae
Eee
Using atau vve
ef exer pet omne, anteal'see"):
SE pliploy ntorscton seoue sgt"
srint( at have aS ona
Fone(les ase fs“ nae» 2)
desrine pot(nary, hamster
screen atitet)
Using Nave to make an argument nal
et gacrine oot ania, sneer):
orint(-tts nase 15° + rane +
snarey")
eseribe.pet(*hanster”,
ddesersbe-pee(“onate")
foes
eee ee renee
centered
Peter nt tery eee
eee tenn hrrertety
turing a sing vale
ef got fuk nane(tiret, Last):
"etarn a nontly formatted full mane"
fullinane + firsts bast
return Full _nane.t8t100)
susclan = got full_nane(* Jie
princ(nusictan}
turing adetienary
ef bulld person(first, last):
*hendrss')
parson = (First
return person |
frst, ast" ast)
susictan = pul2é_person(* Sint"
Dprinc(ausiclan)
‘Rotuing a dctonary wit optional vaties
1d person( first, last, ageonene):
tetera a alctishaty of inforsatton
HE 8 persons
‘nenerte’)
= (fleet's frst ast’ ast)
susiclan » butld_person("Jini", ‘hendrts', 27)
rint(ausictan).
supietan = puttd person(‘Jants", “epin’)
princousictan)
eee
lori
eae
Python Crash Course
‘Covers Python 3 and Python 2
nostarchpess.com/pythoncrshcourseTara
te eee
eee eer)
Poi r eernea tery
acoder tenet en aoee
eres’
ritig the numbers 0 ts 1000
‘for number tn rarge(aeet):
rit (nunber)
Printing the numbers ts 1000
“for number tn rarge(a, 108)
print (natber)
Making ats of rumbeis fom 1 Yo alton
‘mumers = L4et(rargo(3, 31999991))
cithanes
ae
ers
‘Finding te minimum value ina ist
3405 = [93, 99, 66, 27, 85, 2, 35, 82, 2 77)
Jouneest = nlakoges)
Flog the mania vaio
ages = [63, 99) 66, 37, 85, 3, 15, 12, 2, 77)
obit # maetages)
‘Fncing the sum of al valies
anes = [83, 99) 66, 37) 85, 24 35, 62, 2, 77)
{total years = Sun(ages)
Pre
ee Creme ered
Poet iat an eee ernie ome
Deets eta eee eae
Deere saree ere acne
ete eres ete ear rod
ora
‘Gotting the fret tree tere
finishers = (a, “abe”
Hrstltwee © Fincinersh
Gein the mic threo tems
flddle three » Heisterst
Coting the lat tvee Roms
{ast thewe = fnishars(=3:)
aca", ‘wus’, “20e')
eres
eerie ete terete tee)
Hes fey einen renee serie)
em ees Eros
eee
Making a copy ofa ist
Fanscners« [*kat", ‘abe’, ‘ada’, us",
Cee en at)
pe eee rae ere me
eee ape etre)
Cc
oe ements
eit ey ei terrae
Peter
Using aloop to gonorate alt of square numbers
Using a comctehension to generate att of square
‘numbers
souares = [x2 for x in range(2, 22)]
Using lp to eotvar ats of names to upper case
names = ("hal", ‘abe’, ‘260', ‘post, "z0e']
oper owes = 1)
for nine in es:
Uppersnanes.append(mane.uope=())
Using a comprehension to conver ait of nares fo
‘uppercase
ames = (AL, "abe", 308", “ps, "208"]
Upper_pames = (nase. uppert) for mane tn names)
veo
ens
"= Use fur spaces pe ndeatin evel.
1 Keop your ines to 73 characters ofower.
1 Use single blank nes o group parts cf your
propia visually
id
Peete aie ene)
Peer ra
cee ote oe eee
Pacer ner are tnd
Pe eit atone
Pantene
‘eiong tuple
“inensions + (#80, 660)
Looping trough a upto
for dimension in disensions:
brine(dinenston)
‘Overmiting a tuple
inensions = (800, 668)
prine(ainenstons)
‘dimensions = (1200, 900)
ner ed
erent eerste
peed eer ena a teal
Viren ecg deere aren
eel fa Sent ee eee
eee eee
peacaners
‘Bud a et ane print the Homes ihe Uist
ons = U1
‘ogs-appendt wittie")
‘oes. anpend"hoote")
‘ops. appendt peso")
‘opecappendt“fastin")
{tor cop sn ong
Drint(“iello ~ + dog +
Dprine(“E love these segst=)
fseluc\miese were ny Fest to dor")
Sia gs = dons
for le-eog tn ol dogs:
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Python Crash Course | 3!
‘Covers Python 3 and Python 2
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ake pizia()
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Move cheatsheets avalloble at
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