Fluency;

1) Given that y = x3e −2 x use Leibnitz’s Theorem to show that

d4 y 16
(a) 4
= − 4 when x = 2
dx e
(5)

d n y ( −2 )
n
(b) = 8 x3 − 12nx 2 + 6n ( n − 1) x − n ( n − 1)( n − 2 ) 
dx n 8e2 x  
(5)
(Total 10 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________

2) Use L’Hospital’s Rule to find

sin 3x
(a) lim
x →0 2x
(4)
(b) lim xe 2 x
x →−

(6)
(Total 10 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________

2
3) Use L’Hospital’s Rule with the substitution x = to show that
t

 2+ x 
3x

 =e
k
lim 
x →
 x 
where k is a constant to be determined.
(Total 7 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________

4. (a) Solve the equation

x 4 − 5 x3 + 20 x − 16 = 0
(1)
(b) Find the real values of x for which the function f, where
 x 4 − 5 x3 + 20 x − 16
f ( x) =
2 x3 + x 2 − 2 x − 1
is not defined.
(2)

(c) Use L’Hospital’s Rule to obtain lim f ( x )

x →1

(4)
(Total 7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Use L’Hospital’s Rule to obtain

sin 2 x + 4 cos x − 4
lim
x →0 x sin 2 x
(Total 7 marks)
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6. Given that
y = x cosh x

(a) Use Leibnitz’s Theorem to show that

d4 y − 52  3 − 72  3 x 15 
2
= y + x  2 x +  sinh x − x 
2
+  cosh x
 2
4
dx  2 16 
(6)
dn y
(b) Obtain the first 3 terms, in descending powers of x, of when n is
dx n
(i) even,
(ii) odd.
(4)
(Total 10 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
Mastery:

1 Use l’Hospital’s Rule to show that

lim
(e sin x
− cos ( 3 x ) − e )
=−
3
x→ tan ( 2 x ) 2
2
(5)
(Total for Question 1 is 5 marks)

Question T2_Q2
2. Given that k is a real non-zero constant and that
y = x3 sin kx
use Leibnitz’s theorem to show that
d5 y
5
= (k2x2 + A)k3x cos kx + B(k2x2 + C)k2 sin kx
dx
where A, B and C are integers to be determined.
(4)
(Total for Question 2 is 4 marks)

Question T2_Q3
3 Given k is a constant and that

y = x3 ek x

use Leibnitz theorem to show that

dn y
n
= k n − 3ek x (k3x3 + 3nk2 x2 + 3n(n − 1)k x + n(n − 1)(n − 2))
dx

(4)

(Total for Question 3 is 4 marks)

Question T2_Q4
4.

ò
1 p
I= dx 0<x<
4cos x - 3sin x 4

æ xö
Use the substitution t = tan ç ÷ to show that
è 2ø
æ æ xö ö
ç 2 + tan ç ÷ ÷
1 è 2ø
I = ln ç ÷+k
5 ç æ xö ÷
çè 1- 2 tan çè 2 ÷ø ÷ø

where k is an arbitrary constant.

(8)
(Total for Question 4 is 8 marks)

Question T2_Q5
5
f (x) = x4 sin(2 x)

Use Leibnitz’s theorem to show that the coefficient of (x − π)8 in the Taylor series
expansion of f (x) about π is

a + b 3
315

where a and b are integers to be determined.

(8)
 The Taylor series expansion of f(x) about x = k is given by 
 
f x = f k + x − k f  k + ( x − k ) f  k + ... + ( x − k ) f ( r ) k + ...
2 r

 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2!
( )
r!
( ) 

(Total for Question 5 is 8 marks)
Question T2_Q6
6.

Figure 3 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation

cos x
y=
1 + cos x

The region R, shown shaded in Figure 1, is bounded by the curve and the x-axis.

 x
Use calculus and the substitution t = tan   to show that the exact area of region R
2

is aπ + b, where a and b are constants to be determined.

(9)

(Total for Question 6 is 9 marks)

Question T2_Q7
7. (a) Show that an indeterminate form results when the evaluation of

lim  − 4 + 1 + 3x 
 
x → 5  x 4 + 24 x 2 − 25 

is attempted by direct substitution of x = 5.

(1)

(b) Find the Taylor series expansion of 1 + 3 x in ascending powers of (x – 5) up to and

including the term in (x – 5)2, giving all coefficients in their simplest form.

(5)

(c) Hence determine the exact value of

lim  − 4 + 1 + 3x 
 
x → 5  x 4 + 24 x 2 − 25 

(4)

(d) Showing your method clearly, use l’Hopital’s rule to verify your answer to part (c).

(3)

(Total for Question 7 is 13 marks)

Question T2_Q8
8
3
f ( x) =
13 + 6sin x − 5cos x

x
Using the substitution t = tan  
2
(a) show that f ( x ) can be written in the form

3 (1 + t 2 )
2 ( 3t + 1) + 6
2

(3)
(b) Hence solve, for 0 < x < 2π , the equation

3
f ( x) =
7
giving your answers to 2 decimal places where appropriate.
(5)
(c) Use the result of part (a) to show that

4   3 −9   3 +3 
 3
f ( x ) dx = K  arctan  
 − arctan 
 3   +  

 
3
  3    

where K is a constant to be determined.

(8)
(Total for Question 8 is 16 marks)
Question T2_Q9
dx
9. [In this question you may assume the t-formulae for cos x and without proof.]
dt

Figure 3

An engineer is designing a part for a motorcycle. The part is modelled by the solid formed by
rotating the region R, shown shaded in Figure 3, through 2π radians about the x-axis.

Region R is bounded by the y-axis, the line with equation πy = 2x + π, the line with equation x =
 12
and the curve with equation y = , where x and y are measured in centimetres.
2 2 + cos x

The part is to be made from steel of density 8 g cm–3.

 x
(a) Using the substitution t = tan   and algebraic integration, find, according to the model, the
2
exact mass in grams of the part, giving your answer in the form

4 2
π (a3 + b),
3

where a and b are integers to be determined.

(11)

(b) Give a reason why the mass of steel predicted by the model may not be an accurate value for
the mass of steel that would be used to make the part.
 (1)

(Total for Question 9 is 12 marks)

Question T2_Q10
10. A savings account has a fixed annual interest rate of r % which is compounded n times

over the year.

The amount of money in this savings account after one year, £A, is modelled by the

equation
n
 r 
A = P 1 + 
 100n 
where £P is the amount in the account at the start of the year.

A student has £1000 in this account at the start of the year and they neither add money to,

nor withdraw money from this account.

The annual interest rate is 5%

(a) If the interest is compounded 12 times a year, use the model to show, to the nearest

penny, that the amount in the savings account after one year will be £1051.16

(1)

n
 r  r
(b) Use L’Hospital’s rule to show that lim 1 +  = e
100
n →
 100n 

(6)

(c) Use the model to find the maximum possible amount that the student could have in

their savings account after one year.

(3)

(Total for Question 10 is 10 marks)