obtain use

photoautotroph herbivore

carnivore

chemoautotroph omnivore

decomposer/detritvore

sun

energy sugars

cellular energy
 The Carbon Cycle
❑ Carbon is the key element of all organic compounds (think macromolecules).
❑ All of the carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that compose all living
things contain atoms of carbon.
❑ In order to build new organic compounds for living cells, there must be a constant
and steady supply of available carbon.
❑ photosynthesis and cellular respriation form the basis of the carbon cycle.
❑ Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by plants and used to build
molecules of glucose (photosynthesis).
❑ Cellular respiration (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) returns carbon dioxide
back to the atmosphere.
❑ There are other ways that carbon moves through an ecosystem:
• Geochemical processes, such as erosion and volcanic activity, release carbon
dioxide to the atmosphere and oceans.
• Biogeochemical processes cause dead organisms to decayunder pressure;
their bodies are converted into fossil fuels__. This stores carbon underground.
• Human activities, such as mining, cutting and burning forests, and burning
fossil fuels, release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

1. In the atmosphere, carbon is

present in the form of carbon
dioxide____.
combus 2. This carbon dioxide is
tion released to the
atmosphere by
cellular respiration, volcanic
activity, the burning of fossil fuels,
and by the decomposition of
diffusi organic matter.
respiration on
3. Plants take in the carbon dioxide and
use it during photosynthesis to
waste
respir build molecules of glucose
(C6H12O6).
ation
4. The glucose (C6H12O6) molecules and
other carbohydrates are used by
decomposition consumers.
 The sun

Light energy
chemial energy

plants, some bacteria, and some occurs within the chloroplasts

protisits where the chlorophyll absorbs
light energy

coin shaped fluid that

membrane surrounds the
that cinatins thylakoids
chlorophyll

stacks of thylakoids

light energy co2 water glucose oxygen

 the thylakoids of the the stroma of the chloroplast
chloroplast
sunlight and water CO2

oxygen, ATP, and NADPH glucose, ADP, NADP+

chlorophyll absorb energy CO2 and energy from the

through sunlight and its light dependent reactions
transferred to ATP and are used to make the
NADPH. water is split and sugar glucose
oxygen is released

sunlight
water CO2

glucose
oxygen
 Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy, water, and
carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.

Plants need light, water, and carbon dioxide to make food.

Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Chlorophyll is the green pigment that helps with photosynthesis.

they produce their own food through photosynthesis.

6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O2.

carbon dioxide (CO2CO_2CO2), water (H2OH_2OH2O), and light energy.

glucose and oxygen

air

sun

soil
 plants, algae, and some
certaintypes
bacteria
of bacteria

carbon dioxide

water sunlight

i got
In thethe
chlorophyll
answers from zariyag

Light dependent reactions and Calvin cycle

Palisade mesophyll, Chloroplast,

Thylakoids

Light- dependent reactions

Stroma
 Electromagnetic energy

No

Plants only use a certain amount of light, specifically the light colors, red and
blue.

Stroma

Light and dark reactions

Light independent reaction.

Light reactions(in thylakoids)

H2O CO2

Light
NADP+
ADP
+P

Light
Calvin Cycle
reactions(in
(In Stroma)
thylakoids)
ATP

NADPH

O2 Sugar
 Thylakoid membrane

They get excited(gain energy)

proteins of electron transport
chain

ATP Synthase

ATP

An electron carrier

To the stroma
 three

RuBisCo

he formation of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).

ATP electrons
[email protected]
 6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2

6Carbon Dioxide+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2
sun

chloroplast

light dependent reactions

thylakoids

light -independent reactions

stroma

water
oxygen

NADPH ATP

carbon dioxide

glucose
 water carbon
sunlight
dioxide

ADP and
NADP+
stroma
light light
reactions independent
reactions
thylakoids (Calvin Cycle)
ATP
NADPH

oxygen glucose
 Sun
ht lig
Wate
r

Drag 2
each petal CO
& type
the
answer.

Oxygen
Glucome

6CO2+6H2O =
C6H1206 + 602
 Add
text

Add
text

oxygen Add text

Claim: Juan is correct that plants
primarily get the materials they need
for growth from the air and water.
Evidence:
- Plants take in carbon dioxide (a
primary component of glucose)
from the air through their
stomata.
- Water absorbed by the roots is
essential for photosynthesis and
transporting nutrients
- Soil provides some minerals and
nutrients like nitrogen,
phosphorus, and potassium,
which are important but are
only a small fraction of the
plant's overall biomass.
Reasoning:
Most of a plant’s mass comes from
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. These
elements are obtained through
photosynthesis, where plants use
sunlight to convert carbon dioxide
(from the air) and water (from the soil)
into glucose and oxygen. The glucose is
then used to build other organic
molecules like cellulose, which makes
up the majority of a plant's structure.
While soil nutrients are critical for plant
health, they do not account for the
majority of the plant's mass. Therefore,
plants mainly get their materials for
growth from the air (CO₂) and water,
supporting Juan’s argument.
 Name(s):_______________________________
Date:__________________________________

Introduction:
Photosynthesis is the way that plants use
radiant (light) energy to convert carbon
dioxide and water into the glucose they need
to grow. This happens through the work of
chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs
light. Chlorophyll gives leaves the green color
we expect from plants.
The plant primarily brings water into the
trunk through its root in the soil. It absorbs
carbon dioxide through its leaves. Then the
plant uses the energy from light to break
apart the carbon dioxide and the water and
rearranges the atoms to make glucose.
When it is finished, there are oxygen
molecules left over, which are released back
into the air for us to breathe.
When there is extra glucose that the plant doesn’t immediately need, the plant will
convert glucose to starch as a way of storing energy long-term. Starch is then converted
back into glucose (short term energy) when the plant needs it.

Pre-Lab Questions:
1. What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
To provide energy to the plant in order to grow
2. How does a plant use light energy?
The plant absorbs the light to convert CO2 and water into glucose
3. What 3 things are needed for photosynthesis to take place?
water, light, and carbon dioxide
4. What is produced through photosynthesis?
glucose and oxygen
5. What happens to the extra glucose that the plant doesn’t immediately need?
The plant will convert the glucose to starch as a way of storing long term energy
 Equation for Photosynthesis
6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2

Photosynthesis involves two simultaneous processes: the light-dependent reactions and the
light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is captured and
converted into high energy ATP and NADPH molecules. In the light-independent reactions, these
high-energy molecules are used to reduce CO2 and eventually form carbohydrates such as glucose.

In today’s lab, we will simulate a light-dependent reaction using spinach leaves.

Learning Targets:
❑ Describe the reactants and products of photosynthesis and the source of reactants from the
environment.
❑ Explain the relationship of photosynthesis to the observations made during the experiment.

Materials:
❑ 3 grams sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) ❑ baby spinach leaves (4-5)
❑ liquid dish soap ❑ hole punch
❑ plastic syringe ❑ 1 500 mL beaker
❑ plastic spoon (for stirring) ❑ stopwatch/timer
❑ Petri dish ❑ light source
❑ 2 clear plastic cups (beakers can be used)
Step A:
1. Using a hand-held hole punch, cut 20 leaf disks from a baby spinach leaf. Be sure to cut between the
veins.
2. Mix 3 grams of baking soda with 300 mL of water. Stir until dissolved.
3. Add 1 small drop of dish soap to the solution and stir gently. There should be NO bubbles afterward.

Step B:
Inside of the spinach leaves are spongy mesophyll, filled with air. We need to remove the air so that we
can replace it with CO2.

1. Remove the plunger from a large clean syringe (no needle).

2. Place 20 leaf disks into the body of the syringe.
3. Be sure the leaf disks are near the tip of the syringe as you re-insert the plunger so as not to
damage the disks.
4. Insert the tip of the syringe into a beaker of baking soda solution and draw 15-20 mL into the
syringe. The leaf disks should be floating at this time.
©The Trendy Science Teacher
5. Hold the syringe tip upward and expel the air by depressing the plunger carefully. Stop before the
solution comes out of the tip.
6. Seal the tip of the syringe using the index finger of your left hand and hold tightly. Pull back on the
plunger to create a partial vacuum within the syringe. If you have a good seal, it should be hard to pull
the plunger and you should see bubbles coming from the edge of the leaf disks. Hold for 10 seconds
to remove as much of the air from the leaf as possible.
7. Release your index finger and the plunger. The leaf disks should start to sink. Tap the side of the tube
or shake gently to break any bubbles on the edges of the disks. (Note: If the leaf disks do not sink,
repeat steps 5-7 again.)
Step C:
1. Remove the plunger from the syringe and pour the solution containing the 20 disks into a clear plastic
cup.
2. Move 10 of these disks into another clear plastic cup. Fill each cup with equal amounts of the baking
soda solution. Make sure that the leaf disks sink to the bottom.
3. Place one cup (control group) in a dark place, such as a drawer or cabinet so that no light can reach it.
4. Place the other cup under a light source, approximately 6-8 inches below the light.
5. As soon as the light is turned on, begin timing the experiment and recording your data in the data
table.
6. Notice what is happening to the leaf disks as time passes. Be sure to record these observations for 15
minutes.
Note: When checking the control group (leaf disks placed in the dark), be sure to check quickly to
avoid light exposure.

Data Table:
Time (Minutes) Number of Disks Floating (Light) Number of Disks Floating (Dark)

0 0 0
1 0 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 1 0
5 3 0
6 5 0
7 8 0
8 10 0
9 10 0
10 10 0
11 10 0
12 10 0
13 10 0
14 10 0
15 10 0
©The Trendy Science Teacher
 Lab Analysis:
1. Using the graphing grid below, graph the results from the light and dark treatments. Be sure to use
two different colors for each group.
Light’s Effect on Photosynthesis

Legend
Number of floating disks

❑ light
❑ no light

Time

2. Explain why it was important to keep one cup/beaker in a dark place.

So that no light is available to the plant to photosynthesize

3. Describe the relationship between the number of disks floating and time. Use your data to guide you.

As time progresses, more disks float because photosynthesis produces oxygen, filling the leaf disks
with gas and making them buoyant.

4. Explain the changes that occurred within the leaf tissue that allowed the leaf disks to rise to the
surface in the cup/beaker that was placed under the light.

The leaf disks rose because photosynthesis produced oxygen, which filled the air spaces in the leaf
tissue, increasing their buoyancy and causing them to float. Light energy and carbon dioxide (from
the bicarbonate solution) were essential for this process.

5. What is the product of the light-dependent reaction?

What evidence do you have to support the creation of this product in your experiment?

The product of the light-dependent reaction is oxygen, along with ATP and NADPH for use in the Calvin
cycle. In the experiment, oxygen production is evidenced by the leaf disks rising to the surface as they
become buoyant. This demonstrates that photosynthesis occurred, releasing oxygen into the leaf
tissues.
©The Trendy Science Teacher
 Concept 1: Photosynthesis
Summarize this section by answering the following questions:
How is light used to create glucose and oxygen?
How does photosynthesis benefit us?
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis?
What effect does light have on photosynthesis (lab)?

Write your summary here using key terms

Key Terms: (highlight key terms) and answering above
questions:
1. photoautotroph
Light is used in photosynthesis
2. chemoautotroph to make glucose and oxygen.
3. carbon In the first stage, called the
4. light energy vs. chemical light-dependent reactions,
energy light is absorbed by
chlorophyll in the chloroplasts.
5. photosynthesis This energy creates ATP and
6. chloroplast NADPH, which are used in the
7. chlorophyll second stage, the Calvin cycle,
8. thylakoid to turn carbon dioxide into
glucose. Oxygen is released as
9. stroma a byproduct. Photosynthesis
10. light dependent reactions helps us by providing oxygen
11. light independent and creating the food that
reactions supports life. The main
ingredients for photosynthesis
12. Calvin cycle are light, carbon dioxide, and
water, and the products are
glucose and oxygen. More
light usually makes
photosynthesis happen faster,
but only up to a certain point.
 Cellular Respiration WebQuest

Part A. Visit the following link and answer the questions below:
https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/cellular-respiration
1. What does cellular respiration produce? Energy

2. What kind of cells carry out cellular respiration? Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

3. Where does cellular respiration take place in prokaryotic cells? Cytoplasm.

In eukaryotic cells? Begins in the cytoplasm and then moves into the mitochondria.

4. What are the 4 steps of cellular respiration? Glycolysis, transition reaction (pyruvate oxidation), krebs cycle, and

oxidative phosphorylation.

5. When there is no oxygen available, cellular respiration is referred to as anaerobic respiration instead of aerobic

respiration (with oxygen).

6. Why is cellular respiration important? It is essential for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells because it produces a

biochemical energy that fuels metabolic processes.

Part B. Visit the following link and answer the questions below:
https://www.bioexplorer.net/cellular-respiration-equation.html/

7. What is the equation for cellular respiration? Glucose + 6 Oxygen → 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water + ATP
8. List 3 organisms that generate energy through cellular respiration. Plants, animals, microorganisms.
9. How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis? 4
10. How many ATP molecules are produced during the Krebs cycle? 2
11. How many ATP molecules are produced in the electron transport chain? up to 34 ATP per one molecule of glucose.

Part C. Visit the following link and answer the questions below:
http://thebiologyprimer.com/steps-of-cellular-respiration

12. Fill out the following chart indicating where each process takes place

Process Location

1. glycolysis Cytosol of the cell called

pyruvate; cytoplasm

2. Krebs Cycle mitochondrial matrix

3. oxidative phosphorylation (via the inner membrane

ETC)
13. Like respiration, fermentation is the process of extracting energy from the oxidation of organic compounds
(like glucose). However, fermentation can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen. Fermentation
involves the step of glycolysis in respiration, but it does not go through the kreb cycle or the Electron
Transport Chain. Therefore, there are only 2 net ATP generated, not the net of 32 that come from cellular
respiration. So, fermentation produces energy; however, it is 16 times less efficient than cellular
respiration.
Part D. Visit the following link and answer the questions below:
http://encyclopedia.kids.net.au/page/ce/Cellular_respiration
14. All forms of life except viruses carry out respiration.
15. What two types of molecules help to catalyze the chemical reactions of cellular respiration? Enzymes and
coenzymes.
16. Glycolysis does not need oxygen in any of its steps.
17. It is a metabolic pathway that is found in all living organisms and probably
evolved
billions of years ago, before the Earth’s atmosphere contained oxygen .
18. Glycolysis is the process that converts one molecule of glucose into two
molecules of pyruvate.
19. It releases energy in the form of two molecules of
.
20. After pyruvate is formed in glycolysis, there are two ways it can be broken down: aerobic
respiration and anaerobic respiration.
21. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and is the preferred way for pyruvate
to be broken down.
a. It yields 36 ATP molecules, as well as carbon dioxide and water

b. When aerobic respiration takes place, a total of 38 ATP molecules are produced from
one molecule of glucose.
c. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria of
cells.
22. Anaerobic respiration doesn’t require oxygen .
In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is only partially broken down.
.
23. There are two kinds of anaerobic respiration:
a. Fermentation breaks the pyruvate down into ethanol, CO2, and water.
i. It is important in bread making, brewing, and wine making.
b. Lactic acid fermentation breaks the pyruvate down into , CO2,
and water.
i. It occurs in the muscles of animals when they need energy faster than the blood can suppl
.
ii. It also occurs in some bacteria that convert lactose into lactic acid. This process gives yogurt
its sour taste.
24. Both ethyl alcohol and lactic acid contain chemical energy that can’t be used by anaerobic respiration,
making this an efficient process.
25. Anaerobic respiration releases a total of two ATP molecules (compared to the 38 of aerobic respiration).

Part E. Visit the following link and label A-F in the diagram below:
https://quizlet.com/448234609/cellular-respiration-diagram/

glycosis citric oxidative phosphorylation:

glucose → pyruvate acid electron transport and
cycle chemosmosis

2 ATP 2 ATP 34 ATP

Total ATP molecules produced: 38

 sun

plants glucose

cellular respiration

adenosine triphosphate is the energy carrying

with oxygen molecules of cells ATP is used to power the cell

without oxygen

glucose ATP

plants,animals, and all eukaryotes mitochondria

glucose oxygen ATP Carbon water

dioxide
 cytoplasm
glucose is broken down into 2
glucose pieces that enter the Krebs
cycle

anaerobic
2 ATP, electrons, broken down
glucose

mitochondria
rest of the glucose is broken
broken down down and electrons extracted
glucose go to the ETC

aerobic
2 ATP, electrons, and CO2

mitochondria inner
membrane
energy is transferred to a
electron and chain of proteins
oxygen

aerobic
32-34 ATP and water
 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 --> 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP

Glucose and Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide, Water, ATP

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport chain (ETC)

electron transport chain

O2

krebs
glucose glycolysis cycle electron
transport

CO2
H2O
ATP ATP ATP
C

BC

ABC

BC

BC

A
 oxe
gyn

NADH

glu
cos
e

pho
Glu tos
cos ynt
e hes
is NA
D
H

2 wat
er

32
2 -3
4
some other information you would need to discover would be the cause of death through
autopsy, if there were any connections those would need to be determined, as well as
understanding similar environmental impacts that all of the victims had to endure.

if poison is suspected I believe there should be a blood test to rule out any poisons or find other
anomalies in the blood panel.
Cellular respiration

Choking,drowning,heart attack/cardiac arrest,carbon monoxide

poisoning,asthma

They were taken in oxygen yet it wasn’t be taking in through the cells nor mitochondria being
able to use it

Cyanide stops the oxygen being consumed during cellular respiration

The Mitochondria contributes to spreading ATP around the body

oxygen is the electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

cyanide acts fast since cellular respiration occurs all the time and etc produces the most atp molecules cyanide
prevents the majority of the atp from begging created causing the causing quick cell death

No because the cyanide using oxygen giving oxygen the option to not use it will only increase
blood sugar levels
Converts glucose to atp

They need to generate ATP to power the cell

food glucose and oxygen

If an organism does not have access to energy, it will eventually die.

Anaerobic respiration uses electron receptors unlike aerobic respiration

Bacteria and archaea

When your body uses a different pathway because oxygen using cellular
respiration is not available.

they both are fermentation processes and both fermentation occurs in absence of
oxygen and Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid, while alcoholic
fermentation produces ethanol and carbon dioxide

beer and wine

sourdough bread and yogurt

Anaerobic respiration is inefficient because it produces only 2 ATP per glucose

molecule, compared to 36-38 ATP in aerobic respiration.
 ATP
synthesis fermentation

absence

cytoplasm

glucose pyruvate lactic acid

animals and some bacteria

pyruvate is broken down to lactic
cytoplasm acid

pyruvate yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi, cheese

2 ATP and 2 Lactic acid

glucose pyruate ethanol and CO2

yeast and bacteria

pyruvate is broken down into
cytoplasm ethanol

pyruvate and NADH breads wine beer

CO2, 2 ATP, ethanol

type here type here type here
 Some air is More air than A lot of air
present bag 1 but still present in the
not a lot bag

alcohol fermentation

glucose carbon
dioxide

Inflation of the bag and Bubbling or fizzing

In the bags with more sugar, you would observe greater inflation or faster inflation.

As the amount of sugar (glucose) available increases, the rate of fermentation or cellular
respiration also increases. This leads to more CO₂ being produced as a byproduct.
 ATP
cytoplasm glycolysis

NADH

pyruvate anaerobic
aerobic
respiration

CO2 fermentation

krebs cycle

lactic alcohol
ATP
acid
NADH

FADH2

ATP
ETC O2 ATP
H2O
 Yes No

38 2

carbon dioxide and water lactic acid

yes but not as much as
Yes
Aerobic
 Dominant Hand Non-Dominant Hand
Trial
(# of Squeezes) (# of Squeezes)

1 87 85

2 85 84

3 84 82

4 82 80

5 78 76

6 75 73

7 77 72

8 74 70

9 72 68

10 68 66
 It decreased because we were losing energy

After the first three my hand been to cramp. The muscles in my hand hurt because there was a lot
of lactic acid.

Muscle fatigue occurs when muscle cells undergo insufficient cellular respiration, leading to a
buildup of lactic acid and a depletion of energy reserves, impairing muscle function.

During intense exercise, muscles are forced to use anaerobic respiration to produce ATP because
the demand for energy exceeds the oxygen supply, preventing aerobic respiration from occurring
efficiently.

The byproduct of anaerobic respiration, lactic acid, accumulates in muscles during intense
exercise, causing a burning sensation and contributing to muscle cramps.

yes, my non-dominant hand was much lower because I do not use that hand much with working
day to day so it is “weaker” than the other hand.

The lactic acid would be discarded

 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Dependent

the thylakoid of the cytoplasm

sunlight and water

oxygen (o2) (exits plant) ATP and NADPH(goes to light independent reactions

independent

the stroma of the chloroplast

carbon dioxide (atp and NADPH from light independent reactions

Glucose and ADP and NADP+

 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 --> 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP

cytoplasm

Glucose is broken down into 2 pieces of(pyruvate) that enter the krebs cycle and a little ATP is.
Electrons go to ETC.

2 ATP, elections, & broken down glucose

alcoholic

mitochondria

the glucose is broken down and electrons that are extracted go to etc a little
atp is
2 atp, electrons, and co2

mitochondria

energy is transferred to a chain of proteins in the inner membrane of the

mitochondrion. The proteins use the energy to pump hydrogen ion against
membrane atp is created and water is formed
32-34 atp and water
 cellular

2 ATP(not a lot) 2 lactic acid (lactate)

yogurt, sauerkraut,kimchi and cheese.

co2 2ATP ethanol

bread wine, beer,

Light energy

H2O
Co2 Consumer
Glucose
Consumer

o2
Producer
Consumer
 Sabrina

Assia, Lohitha, and I

Immad, Ethan, Prarthna, Aanchal, Jaciel
Kangna

Jasmine and Safia

in the thylakoid membranes in the chloroplasts

in the grana and the thylakoid membrane. This step must happen because it leads to other
processes and it spreads. It is needed to do photosynthesis.

Solar energy/sun

light energy
and chemical
energy
Stroma
ATP

This simulation was similar to the real biochemical reaction of photosynthesis since it has
the same processes and it helps us visualize it.

This was different since the speed was different and there would be actual outcomes.

Yes it helps me visualize and understand the process of photosynthesis better

No, this helped more than I thought it would

 Concept 2: Cellular Respiration
Summarize this section by answering the following questions:
How are the products of photosynthesis used to create CO2 ,Water and
ATP for cellular use?
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
In terms of ATP production, is aerobic or anaerobic respiration more
efficient?
What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?
What differentiates the two types of anaerobic respiration?
What effect does sugar have on cellular respiration (lab)?

Key Terms: Write your summary here using

key terms (highlight key terms)
1. cellular respiration and answering above questions:
2. ATP The glucose made during
3. glycolysis photosynthesis is used in cellular
4. Krebs cycle respiration to produce ATP for
5. electron transport chain energy. In aerobic respiration
6. aerobic respiration (with oxygen), glucose is broken
down through glycolysis, the
7. anaerobic respiration Krebs cycle, and the electron
8. fermentation transport chain, producing ATP
9. lactic acid fermentation and water. In anaerobic
10. alcoholic fermentation respiration (without oxygen),
glucose is still broken down, but it
11. produces less ATP and instead
creates either lactic acid or
alcohol. Aerobic respiration is
more efficient at making ATP than
anaerobic respiration.