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Course, Yr. & Sec.: _______________ Date Performed: __________________
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Experiment #6
POWER

I. Objective:
Aims to measure the effort and power that is done when someone climbs the stairs
and analyze the factors that affect the effort and power

II. Conceptual Background:

A. Work Definition and Formula

In physics, work is the amount of energy or force given to move or move an
object or object. What is meant by moving here means the place or location that has changed
after a work has been made.
Work Formula
W =F ∙ s

Where, F = Force (N); W = Work (Joule); and s = Displacement (m).

Work (W) is positive (+), work is in the same direction as the object's displacement. Work
(W) is negative (-), work is in the opposite direction to the object's displacement.
work on a flat plane

Even on a flat plane, the applied force is not always straight, which means that under
certain conditions the force will form a certain angle, as shown above. Therefore, we
use the equation
Work Formula on Flat Plane
W =F cos θ ∙ s
Where, θ = angle formed by the force

Work on an inclined plane

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Not only flat planes, work can also be done on inclined planes, one example that we often
encounter is when we see couriers moving goods into trucks using the help of a simple
plane, namely an inclined plane.

Work Formula on an inclined plane

W =mgsin θ ∙ s

Where, m= mass (kg), g=gravity (m/s2)

B. Definition and Formula of Energy

In physics what is meant by energy related to work is the ability to do work.
Kinetic energy
In general, the notion of kinetic energy is the energy possessed by objects or
objects that move because of their speed, therefore the equation is used
1 2
E k= m v
2

Where, Ek = Kinetic Energy (Joule); m = mass (kg); v = speed (m/s).

Correlation with work

The amount of work is equal to the change in kinetic energy when an object changes its
speed.
1
W =∆ E k = m ( v 2 −v 1 )
2 2
2
Potential energy

Just as an object or object may have kinetic energy, an object or object can also
have potential energy, where potential energy is the energy possessed by an object or
object due to its position, shape, or arrangement and in relation to ordinary work related
closely related to the energy possessed because of its height. Therefore, we use the
equation
E p =mgh

Where, Ep =Potential Energy (Joule); m = mass (kg); g= gravity (m/s 2); and h = the height
of the object (m)

Relation with work

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The amount of work is equal to the change in the potential energy of an object or
object when an object is at a certain height and then lifted, causing the height to
change.

W =∆ E p =mg ( h2−h 1)

Spring Potential Energy

As the name implies, potential energy is the energy required to stretch and compress a
spring. Therefore, the following equation is used:
1 2 1 2
∆ E p= k ( ∆ x ) = k x
2 2

Where, k = spring constant (N/m); x = change in spring length (m).

Mechanical Energy
Mechanical energy can be said to be the sum or total of potential energy and mechanical
energy, because mechanical energy is energy associated with movement. Then the
following equation is used:
Em =E p + E k

Where Em is the Mechanical Energy (in Joules).

C. Power
Power is the speed of doing work or work or it can be said that power is the amount of
energy spent per unit time (per second). It can be concluded, the change in energy per
unit time is called power. Therefore, the equation that can be used:
Therefore, we can use the equation

W F∙s
P= = =F ∙ v
t t

Where, P = power (Watt); W = work (Joule); t = time (seconds); F = force (N); s =

distance (m); v = speed (m/s).

III. Apparatus and Materials:

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 Stopwatch,
 Weighing scale
 Steel tape/Ruler

IV. Procedure:
1. This activity can be done by several people
2. Weigh each one and record it on the table
3. Measure the height from the bottom of the stairs to the top
4. Ask everyone to climb the stairs and record the time from bottom to top
5. Do step 4 repeatedly but in a different way, ask your friends to walk slowly and
quickly(running) then record the time.

V. Data and Results:

Height of the Stair: _____________ cm

Table 1. Calculating the time for walking

Name Mass (kg) Weight (N) Height (m) Work (Joule) Time (s) Power (Watt)

Table 2. Calculating the time for running

Name Mass (kg) Weight (N) Height (m) Work (Joule) Time (s) Power (Watt)

VI. Questions
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1. Calculate the weight (w) of each person using the equation we have learned in the subject of
gravity!

2. Calculate the work (W) done by each person!

3. Calculate the power done by each person!

4. Does everyone doing the experiment exert the same power? Explain!

5. Write down the factors that can make a person's work to be bigger or smaller!

6. Write down the factors that can make the power expended by a person become greater or less!
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7. Based on your experiment, does someone who climbs stairs faster always produce more
power? Explain!

VII. Conclusion
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VII. Documentation