QuantShare Programming Language

Table of contents

1. QuantShare Language
1.1 Application Info
1.1.1 NbGroups
1.1.2 NbIndexes
1.1.3 NbIndustries
1.1.4 NbInGroup
1.1.5 NbInIndex
1.1.6 NbInIndustry
1.1.7 NbInMarket
1.1.8 NbInSector
1.1.9 NbMarkets
1.1.10 NbSectors
1.2 Candlestick Pattern
1.2.1 Cdl2crows (0)
1.2.2 Cdl2crows (1)
1.2.3 Cdl3blackcrows (0)
1.2.4 Cdl3blackcrows (1)
1.2.5 Cdl3inside (0)
1.2.6 Cdl3inside (1)
1.2.7 Cdl3linestrike (0)
1.2.8 Cdl3linestrike (1)
1.2.9 Cdl3outside (0)
1.2.10 Cdl3outside (1)
1.2.11 Cdl3staRsinsouth (0)
1.2.12 Cdl3staRsinsouth (1)
1.2.13 Cdl3whitesoldiers (0)
1.2.14 Cdl3whitesoldiers (1)
1.2.15 CdlAbandonedbaby (0)
1.2.16 CdlAbandonedbaby (1)
1.2.17 CdlAdvanceblock (0)
1.2.18 CdlAdvanceblock (1)
1.2.19 CdlBelthold (0)
1.2.20 CdlBelthold (1)
1.2.21 CdlBreakaway (0)
1.2.22 CdlBreakaway (1)
1.2.23 CdlClosingmarubozu (0)
1.2.24 CdlClosingmarubozu (1)
1.2.25 CdlConcealbabyswall (0)
1.2.26 CdlConcealbabyswall (1)
1.2.27 CdlCounterattack (0)
1.2.28 CdlCounterattack (1)
1.2.29 CdlDarkcloudcover (0)
1.2.30 CdlDarkcloudcover (1)
1.2.31 CdlDoji (0)
1.2.32 CdlDoji (1)
1.2.33 CdlDojistar (0)
1.2.34 CdlDojistar (1)
1.2.35 CdlDragonflydoji (0)
1.2.36 CdlDragonflydoji (1)
1.2.37 CdlEngulfing (0)
1.2.38 CdlEngulfing (1)
1.2.39 CdlEveningdojistar (0)
1.2.40 CdlEveningdojistar (1)
1.2.41 CdlEveningstar (0)
1.2.42 CdlEveningstar (1)
1.2.43 CdlGapsidesidewhite (0)
1.2.44 CdlGapsidesidewhite (1)
1.2.45 CdlGravestonedoji (0)
1.2.46 CdlGravestonedoji (1)
1.2.47 CdlHammer (0)
1.2.48 CdlHammer (1)
1.2.49 CdlHangingman (0)
1.2.50 CdlHangingman (1)
1.2.51 CdlHarami (0)
1.2.52 CdlHarami (1)
1.2.53 CdlHaramicross (0)
1.2.54 CdlHaramicross (1)
1.2.55 CdlHighwave (0)
1.2.56 CdlHighwave (1)
1.2.57 CdlHikkake (0)
1.2.58 CdlHikkake (1)
1.2.59 CdlHikkakemod (0)
1.2.60 CdlHikkakemod (1)
1.2.61 CdlHomingpigeon (0)
1.2.62 CdlHomingpigeon (1)
1.2.63 CdlIdentical3crows (0)
1.2.64 CdlIdentical3crows (1)
1.2.65 CdlInneck (0)
1.2.66 CdlInneck (1)
1.2.67 CdlInvertedhammer (0)
1.2.68 CdlInvertedhammer (1)
1.2.69 CdlKicking (0)
1.2.70 CdlKicking (1)
1.2.71 CdlKickingbylength (0)
1.2.72 CdlKickingbylength (1)
1.2.73 CdlLadderbottom (0)
1.2.74 CdlLadderbottom (1)
1.2.75 CdlLongleggeddoji (0)
1.2.76 CdlLongleggeddoji (1)
1.2.77 CdlLongline (0)
1.2.78 CdlLongline (1)
1.2.79 CdlMarubozu (0)
1.2.80 CdlMarubozu (1)
1.2.81 CdlMatchinglow (0)
1.2.82 CdlMatchinglow (1)
1.2.83 CdlMathold (0)
1.2.84 CdlMathold (1)
1.2.85 CdlMorningdojistar (0)
1.2.86 CdlMorningdojistar (1)
1.2.87 CdlMorningstar (0)
1.2.88 CdlMorningstar (1)
1.2.89 CdlOnneck (0)
1.2.90 CdlOnneck (1)
1.2.91 CdlPiercing (0)
1.2.92 CdlPiercing (1)
1.2.93 CdlRickshawman (0)
1.2.94 CdlRickshawman (1)
1.2.95 CdlRisefall3methods (0)
1.2.96 CdlRisefall3methods (1)
1.2.97 CdlSeparatinglines (0)
1.2.98 CdlSeparatinglines (1)
1.2.99 CdlShootingstar (0)
1.2.100 CdlShootingstar (1)
1.2.101 CdlShortline (0)
1.2.102 CdlShortline (1)
1.2.103 CdlSpinningtop (0)
1.2.104 CdlSpinningtop (1)
1.2.105 CdlStalledpattern (0)
1.2.106 CdlStalledpattern (1)
1.2.107 CdlSticksandwich (0)
1.2.108 CdlSticksandwich (1)
1.2.109 CdlTakuri (0)
1.2.110 CdlTakuri (1)
1.2.111 CdlTasukigap (0)
1.2.112 CdlTasukigap (1)
1.2.113 CdlThrusting (0)
1.2.114 CdlThrusting (1)
1.2.115 CdlTristar (0)
1.2.116 CdlTristar (1)
1.2.117 CdlUnique3river (0)
1.2.118 CdlUnique3river (1)
1.2.119 CdlUpsidegap2crows (0)
1.2.120 CdlUpsidegap2crows (1)
1.2.121 CdlXsidegap3methods (0)
1.2.122 CdlXsidegap3methods (1)
1.3 Charting
1.3.1 Plot1
1.3.2 Plot (0)
1.3.3 Plot (1)
1.3.4 Plot (2)
1.3.5 Plot (3)
1.3.6 PlotArrow
1.3.7 PlotCandleStick1
1.3.8 PlotCandleStick
1.3.9 PlotFixed
1.3.10 PlotSymbol
1.3.11 Print
1.3.12 PrintChart
1.3.13 SetHatchBrush
1.3.14 SetMaxScale
1.3.15 SetMinScale
1.3.16 SetPercentScale
1.3.17 SetScale
1.3.18 UpdateColor
1.3.19 UpdatePrintSettings
1.3.20 UpdateSettings
1.4 Columns
1.4.1 AddColumn (0)
1.4.2 AddColumn (1)
1.4.3 SetColumnColor
1.5 Composite
1.5.1 AddComposite
1.5.2 Comp (0)
1.5.3 Comp (1)
1.5.4 Comp (2)
1.5.5 Comp (3)
1.6 Database
1.6.1 GetData (0)
1.6.2 GetData (1)
1.6.3 GetData (2)
1.6.4 GetDataCount (0)
1.6.5 GetDataCount (1)
1.6.6 GetDataCountInside
1.6.7 GetDataExtern
1.6.8 GetDataIndex
1.6.9 GetDataIndexDP
1.6.10 GetDataInside
1.6.11 GetDataStringCount (0)
1.6.12 GetDataStringCount (1)
1.6.13 GetDataStringCountInside
1.6.14 IsDataExists
1.7 Date-Time
 1.7.1 Year
1.7.2 Date
1.7.3 DateTicks
1.7.4 Day
1.7.5 DayOfWeek
1.7.6 DayOfYear
1.7.7 Hour
1.7.8 Interval
1.7.9 Minute
1.7.10 Month
1.7.11 NbDays
1.7.12 Now
1.7.13 Second
1.7.14 TimeTicks
1.7.15 Week
1.8 Divers
1.8.1 GetSeries (0)
1.8.2 GetSeries (1)
1.8.3 Output
1.8.4 OutputList
1.8.5 States
1.8.6 Ticker
1.8.7 Ticker1
1.9 Indicators
1.9.1 Ad (0)
1.9.2 Ad (1)
1.9.3 AdOsc (0)
1.9.4 AdOsc (1)
1.9.5 Adx (0)
1.9.6 Adx (1)
1.9.7 Adxr (0)
1.9.8 Adxr (1)
1.9.9 Apo (0)
1.9.10 Apo (1)
1.9.11 AroonDown (0)
1.9.12 AroonDown (1)
1.9.13 AroonOsc (0)
1.9.14 AroonOsc (1)
1.9.15 AroonUp (0)
1.9.16 AroonUp (1)
1.9.17 Atr (0)
1.9.18 Atr (1)
1.9.19 AvgPrice (0)
1.9.20 AvgPrice (1)
1.9.21 BbandsLower (0)
1.9.22 BbandsLower (1)
1.9.23 BbandsMiddle (0)
1.9.24 BbandsMiddle (1)
1.9.25 BbandsUpper (0)
1.9.26 BbandsUpper (1)
1.9.27 Bop (0)
1.9.28 Bop (1)
1.9.29 Cci (0)
1.9.30 Cci (1)
1.9.31 Cmo (0)
1.9.32 Cmo (1)
1.9.33 Correl (0)
1.9.34 Correl (1)
1.9.35 Dema (0)
1.9.36 Dema (1)
1.9.37 Dx (0)
1.9.38 Dx (1)
1.9.39 Ema (0)
1.9.40 Ema (1)
1.9.41 Fama (0)
1.9.42 Fama (1)
1.9.43 GapDown
1.9.44 GapUp
1.9.45 Hhv (0)
1.9.46 Hhv (1)
1.9.47 Ht_Dcperiod (0)
1.9.48 Ht_Dcperiod (1)
1.9.49 Ht_Dcphase (0)
1.9.50 Ht_Dcphase (1)
1.9.51 Ht_Leadsine (0)
1.9.52 Ht_Leadsine (1)
1.9.53 Ht_Phasorphase (0)
1.9.54 Ht_Phasorphase (1)
1.9.55 Ht_Phasorquadrature (0)
1.9.56 Ht_Phasorquadrature (1)
1.9.57 Ht_Sine (0)
1.9.58 Ht_Sine (1)
1.9.59 Ht_Trendline (0)
1.9.60 Ht_Trendline (1)
1.9.61 Ht_Trendmode (0)
1.9.62 Ht_Trendmode (1)
1.9.63 Inside
1.9.64 Kama (0)
1.9.65 Kama (1)
1.9.66 LinearReg (0)
1.9.67 LinearReg (1)
1.9.68 LinearReg_Angle (0)
1.9.69 LinearReg_Angle (1)
1.9.70 LinearReg_Intercept (0)
1.9.71 LinearReg_Intercept (1)
1.9.72 LinearReg_Slope (0)
1.9.73 LinearReg_Slope (1)
1.9.74 Llv (0)
1.9.75 Llv (1)
1.9.76 Ma (0)
1.9.77 Ma (1)
1.9.78 Macd (0)
1.9.79 Macd (1)
1.9.80 MacdExt (0)
1.9.81 MacdExt (1)
1.9.82 MacdExtHist (0)
1.9.83 MacdExtHist (1)
1.9.84 MacdExtSignal (0)
1.9.85 MacdExtSignal (1)
1.9.86 MacdHist (0)
1.9.87 MacdHist (1)
1.9.88 MacdSignal (0)
1.9.89 MacdSignal (1)
1.9.90 Mama (0)
1.9.91 Mama (1)
1.9.92 MedPrice (0)
1.9.93 MedPrice (1)
1.9.94 Mfi (0)
1.9.95 Mfi (1)
1.9.96 MidPoint (0)
1.9.97 MidPoint (1)
1.9.98 MidPrice (0)
1.9.99 MidPrice (1)
1.9.100 Minus_Di (0)
1.9.101 Minus_Di (1)
1.9.102 Minus_Dm (0)
1.9.103 Minus_Dm (1)
1.9.104 Mom (0)
1.9.105 Mom (1)
1.9.106 Natr (0)
1.9.107 Natr (1)
1.9.108 Obv (0)
1.9.109 Obv (1)
1.9.110 Outside
1.9.111 Plus_Di (0)
1.9.112 Plus_Di (1)
1.9.113 Plus_Dm (0)
1.9.114 Plus_Dm (1)
1.9.115 Ppo (0)
1.9.116 Ppo (1)
1.9.117 Roc (0)
1.9.118 Roc (1)
1.9.119 Rocp (0)
1.9.120 Rocp (1)
1.9.121 Rocr100 (0)
1.9.122 Rocr100 (1)
1.9.123 Rocr (0)
1.9.124 Rocr (1)
1.9.125 Rsi (0)
1.9.126 Rsi (1)
1.9.127 Sar (0)
1.9.128 Sar (1)
1.9.129 SarExt (0)
1.9.130 SarExt (1)
1.9.131 Sma (0)
1.9.132 Sma (1)
1.9.133 Stddev (0)
1.9.134 Stddev (1)
1.9.135 StochFastd (0)
1.9.136 StochFastd (1)
1.9.137 StochFastk (0)
1.9.138 StochFastk (1)
1.9.139 StochRsiFastd (0)
1.9.140 StochRsiFastd (1)
1.9.141 StochRsiFastk (0)
1.9.142 StochRsiFastk (1)
1.9.143 StochSlowd (0)
1.9.144 StochSlowd (1)
1.9.145 StochSlowk (0)
1.9.146 StochSlowk (1)
1.9.147 T3 (0)
1.9.148 T3 (1)
1.9.149 Tema (0)
1.9.150 Tema (1)
1.9.151 Trange (0)
1.9.152 Trange (1)
1.9.153 Trima (0)
1.9.154 Trima (1)
1.9.155 Trix (0)
1.9.156 Trix (1)
1.9.157 Tsf (0)
1.9.158 Tsf (1)
1.9.159 TypPrice (0)
1.9.160 TypPrice (1)
1.9.161 UltOsc (0)
1.9.162 UltOsc (1)
1.9.163 Var (0)
1.9.164 Var (1)
 1.9.165 WclPrice (0)
1.9.166 WclPrice (1)
1.9.167 Willr (0)
1.9.168 Willr (1)
1.9.169 Wma (0)
1.9.170 Wma (1)
1.10 Math
1.10.1 Absolute
1.10.2 Atan
1.10.3 Avg (0)
1.10.4 Avg (1)
1.10.5 Ceil
1.10.6 Cos
1.10.7 Cosh
1.10.8 DivRem
1.10.9 Exp
1.10.10 Floor
1.10.11 Frac
1.10.12 IeeeRemainder
1.10.13 Int
1.10.14 Log10
1.10.15 Log
1.10.16 Max
1.10.17 Min
1.10.18 Pow
1.10.19 Random
1.10.20 Round
1.10.21 Sharpe
1.10.22 Sign
1.10.23 Sin
1.10.24 Sinh
1.10.25 Sqrt
1.10.26 Sum (0)
1.10.27 Sum (1)
1.10.28 Tan
1.10.29 Tanh
1.11 Optimal Signal
1.11.1 BSignal
1.11.2 BSignalLong
1.11.3 BSignalShort
1.11.4 EntryLongProfit
1.11.5 EntryLongProfitCond
1.11.6 EntryLongProfitCondExitRule
1.11.7 EntryLongProfitExitRule
1.11.8 EntryLongProfitPerBar
1.11.9 EntryLongProfitPerBarCond
1.11.10 EntryLongProfitPerBarCondExitRule
 1.11.11 EntryLongProfitPerBarExitRule
1.11.12 EntryShortProfit
1.11.13 EntryShortProfitCond
1.11.14 EntryShortProfitCondExitRule
1.11.15 EntryShortProfitExitRule
1.11.16 EntryShortProfitPerBar
1.11.17 EntryShortProfitPerBarCond
1.11.18 EntryShortProfitPerBarCondExitRule
1.11.19 EntryShortProfitPerBarExitRule
1.12 Pre-calculated-value
1.12.1 GetPreCalculatedGlobal
1.12.2 GetPreCalculatedValue (0)
1.12.3 GetPreCalculatedValue (1)
1.12.4 GetPreCalculatedValueString (0)
1.12.5 GetPreCalculatedValueString (1)
1.12.6 PVal (0)
1.12.7 PVal (1)
1.12.8 PValG
1.12.9 PValS (0)
1.12.10 PValS (1)
1.13 Predictions
1.13.1 Predict
1.13.2 PredictSymbol
1.14 Ranking
1.14.1 Ranking
1.15 Rules
1.15.1 ApplyRule
1.16 Simulator
1.16.1 BuyPrice (0)
1.16.2 BuyPrice (1)
1.16.3 CoverPrice (0)
1.16.4 CoverPrice (1)
1.16.5 Drawdown
1.16.6 Equity
1.16.7 Optimize
1.16.8 SellPrice (0)
1.16.9 SellPrice (1)
1.16.10 SetSimCommission
1.16.11 SetSimLongRank
1.16.12 SetSimPeriods
1.16.13 SetSimRefSymbol
1.16.14 SetSimSetting
1.16.15 SetSimShortRank
1.16.16 SetSimStop
1.16.17 SetSimTiming
1.16.18 ShortPrice (0)
1.16.19 ShortPrice (1)
1.17 String
1.17.1 GetDataString
1.17.2 GetDataStringIndex
1.17.3 GetDataStringInside
1.17.4 IffStr
1.17.5 StringContains
1.17.6 StringEqual
1.17.7 StringExtract
1.17.8 StringExtractEnds
1.17.9 StringExtractStart
1.17.10 StringInsert
1.17.11 StringLength
1.17.12 StringReplace
1.18 Symbol Info
1.18.1 Address
1.18.2 Country
1.18.3 Currency
1.18.4 FullName
1.18.5 Group
1.18.6 Index
1.18.7 Industry
1.18.8 IsInList
1.18.9 Market
1.18.10 Name1
1.18.11 Name2
1.18.12 Name3
1.18.13 Name
1.18.14 Sector
1.18.15 Website
1.19 Technical
1.19.1 AMA
1.19.2 AvgIf (0)
1.19.3 AvgIf (1)
1.19.4 BarsSince
1.19.5 Count
1.19.6 Cross
1.19.7 GFun
1.19.8 GroupBy (0)
1.19.9 GroupBy (1)
1.19.10 GroupBy (2)
1.19.11 HhvLb (0)
1.19.12 HhvLb (1)
1.19.13 HighestSince (0)
1.19.14 HighestSince (1)
1.19.15 HighestSinceBars (0)
1.19.16 HighestSinceBars (1)
1.19.17 HistoPrice (0)
 1.19.18 HistoPrice (1)
1.19.19 Iff
1.19.20 IsFalse
1.19.21 IsLastBar
1.19.22 IsNaN
1.19.23 IsNoNaN
1.19.24 IsNoZero
1.19.25 IsNull
1.19.26 IsTrue
1.19.27 LastNotNullValue
1.19.28 LastValue
1.19.29 LlvLb (0)
1.19.30 LlvLb (1)
1.19.31 LowestSince (0)
1.19.32 LowestSince (1)
1.19.33 LowestSinceBars (0)
1.19.34 LowestSinceBars (1)
1.19.35 LSwitch
1.19.36 NaNtoLast
1.19.37 NaNtoZero
1.19.38 Peak (0)
1.19.39 Peak (1)
1.19.40 PeakBars (0)
1.19.41 PeakBars (1)
1.19.42 Perf
1.19.43 PerfD
1.19.44 Rank
1.19.45 Ref
1.19.46 RefZero
1.19.47 RemoveSameSignals (0)
1.19.48 RemoveSameSignals (1)
1.19.49 RFun
1.19.50 SumIf (0)
1.19.51 SumIf (1)
1.19.52 TotalBars
1.19.53 Trough (0)
1.19.54 Trough (1)
1.19.55 TroughBars (0)
1.19.56 TroughBars (1)
1.19.57 Value
1.19.58 ValueWhen (0)
1.19.59 ValueWhen (1)
1.19.60 ZigZag
1.20 Time-frame
1.20.1 TimeframeApply
1.20.2 TimeframeCompress
1.20.3 TimeframeDecompress
 1.20.4 TimeframeGetSeries1 (0)
1.20.5 TimeframeGetSeries1 (1)
1.20.6 TimeframeGetSeries
1.20.7 TimeframeRestore
1.20.8 TimeframeSet

1. QuantShare Language
1.1 Application Info
1.1.1 NbGroups
NBGROUPS Application Info
Number of groups

SYNTAX NbGroups()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of groups
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbGroups()
 [TOP]

1.1.2 NbIndexes
NBINDEXES Application Info
Number of indices

SYNTAX NbIndexes()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of indexes
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbIndexes()
 [TOP]

1.1.3 NbIndustries
NBINDUSTRIES Application Info
Number of industries

SYNTAX NbIndustries()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of industries
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbIndustries()
 [TOP]

1.1.4 NbInGroup
NBINGROUP Application Info
Number of symbols in the specified group

SYNTAX NbInGroup( ARRAY group name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of symbols that are included in the specified group
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbInGroup("Stock")
 [TOP]

1.1.5 NbInIndex
NBININDEX Application Info
Number of symbols in the specified index

SYNTAX NbInIndex( ARRAY index name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of symbols that are included in the specified index
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbInIndex("SP500")
 [TOP]

1.1.6 NbInIndustry
NBININDUSTRY Application Info
Number of symbols in the specified industry

SYNTAX NbInIndustry( ARRAY industry name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of symbols that are included in the specified industry
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbInIndustry("Drug Stores")
 [TOP]

1.1.7 NbInMarket
NBINMARKET Application Info
Number of symbols in the specified market

SYNTAX NbInMarket( ARRAY market name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of symbols that are included in the specified market
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbInMarket("NASDQ")
 [TOP]

1.1.8 NbInSector
NBINSECTOR Application Info
Number of symbols in the specified sector

SYNTAX NbInSector( ARRAY sector name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of symbols that are included in the specified sector
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbInSector("Services")
 [TOP]

1.1.9 NbMarkets
NBMARKETS Application Info
Number of markets

SYNTAX NbMarkets()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of markets
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbMarkets()
 [TOP]

1.1.10 NbSectors
NBSECTORS Application Info
Number of sectors

SYNTAX NbSectors()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of sectors
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbSectors()
 [TOP]

1.2 Candlestick Pattern

1.2.1 Cdl2crows (0)
CDL2CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Two Crows

SYNTAX Cdl2crows()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Two Crows, The Two Crows Pattern is a 3-day pattern.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
During an uptrend we see the market closing lower after an opening gap. Then
we see a black day that fills the gap creating the Bearish Two Crows Pattern. It
suggests the erosion of the uptrend, and warns about a possible trend reversal.
EXAMPLE Cdl2crows()
 [TOP]

1.2.2 Cdl2crows (1)

CDL2CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Two Crows

SYNTAX Cdl2crows( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Two Crows, The Two Crows Pattern is a 3-day pattern.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
During an uptrend we see the market closing lower after an opening gap. Then
we see a black day that fills the gap creating the Bearish Two Crows Pattern. It
suggests the erosion of the uptrend, and warns about a possible trend reversal.
EXAMPLE Cdl2crows(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.3 Cdl3blackcrows (0)

CDL3BLACKCROWS Candlestick Pattern
Three Black Crows

SYNTAX Cdl3blackcrows()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Black Crows, The Three Black Crows got their name from the
resemblance of three crows looking down from their perch from a tree.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Three long black days with each successive open being within the body of the
previous day and each successive close being below the previous day's and
near the day's low.
EXAMPLE Cdl3blackcrows()
 [TOP]

1.2.4 Cdl3blackcrows (1)

CDL3BLACKCROWS Candlestick Pattern
Three Black Crows

SYNTAX Cdl3blackcrows( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Black Crows, The Three Black Crows got their name from the
resemblance of three crows looking down from their perch from a tree.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Three long black days with each successive open being within the body of the
previous day and each successive close being below the previous day's and
near the day's low.
EXAMPLE Cdl3blackcrows(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.5 Cdl3inside (0)

CDL3INSIDE Candlestick Pattern
Three Inside Up/Down

SYNTAX Cdl3inside()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Inside Up/Down, Note that after the long candle day that is in the same
direction of the trend that the Harami pattern occurs.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
A bullish Harami pattern is followed by a white day that has a higher close than
the second day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3inside()
 [TOP]

1.2.6 Cdl3inside (1)

CDL3INSIDE Candlestick Pattern
Three Inside Up/Down

SYNTAX Cdl3inside( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Inside Up/Down, Note that after the long candle day that is in the same
direction of the trend that the Harami pattern occurs.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
A bullish Harami pattern is followed by a white day that has a higher close than
the second day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3inside(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.7 Cdl3linestrike (0)

CDL3LINESTRIKE Candlestick Pattern
Three-Line Strike

SYNTAX Cdl3linestrike()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three-Line Strike : This function is contained within the Pattern Recognition
set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Three Line Strike Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
Three long white days with consecutively higher closes are followed by a
fourth day that gaps open in the direction of the trend and closes below the
open of the first day.
Three Line Strike Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
Three long black days with consecutively lower closes is followed by a fourth
day that gaps in the direction of the trend and closes above the open of the first
day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3linestrike()
 [TOP]

1.2.8 Cdl3linestrike (1)

CDL3LINESTRIKE Candlestick Pattern
Three-Line Strike

SYNTAX Cdl3linestrike( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three-Line Strike : This function is contained within the Pattern Recognition
set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Three Line Strike Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
Three long white days with consecutively higher closes are followed by a
fourth day that gaps open in the direction of the trend and closes below the
open of the first day.
Three Line Strike Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
Three long black days with consecutively lower closes is followed by a fourth
day that gaps in the direction of the trend and closes above the open of the first
day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3linestrike(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.9 Cdl3outside (0)

CDL3OUTSIDE Candlestick Pattern
Three Outside Up/Down

SYNTAX Cdl3outside()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Outside Up/Down : This function is contained within the Pattern
Recognition set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Three Outside Down
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A bearish Engulfing pattern is followed by a black day whose close is lower
than the second day.
Three Outside Up
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A bullish Engulfing pattern is followed by a white day whose close is higher
than the second day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3outside()
 [TOP]

1.2.10 Cdl3outside (1)

CDL3OUTSIDE Candlestick Pattern
Three Outside Up/Down

SYNTAX Cdl3outside( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Outside Up/Down : This function is contained within the Pattern
Recognition set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Three Outside Down
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A bearish Engulfing pattern is followed by a black day whose close is lower
than the second day.
Three Outside Up
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A bullish Engulfing pattern is followed by a white day whose close is higher
than the second day.
EXAMPLE Cdl3outside(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.11 Cdl3staRsinsouth (0)

CDL3STARSINSOUTH Candlestick Pattern
Three Stars In The South

SYNTAX Cdl3staRsinsouth()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Stars In The South, The slow down of the trend is visually obvious.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
A long black day with a long lower shadow is followed by a similar but smaller
black day whose lower shadow is shallower than the first day. The third day is
a small Black Marubozu (open is the high of the day and the close is the low of
the day) that lies within the second day�s trading range.
EXAMPLE Cdl3staRsinsouth()
 [TOP]

1.2.12 Cdl3staRsinsouth (1)

CDL3STARSINSOUTH Candlestick Pattern
Three Stars In The South

SYNTAX Cdl3staRsinsouth( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Stars In The South, The slow down of the trend is visually obvious.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
A long black day with a long lower shadow is followed by a similar but smaller
black day whose lower shadow is shallower than the first day. The third day is
a small Black Marubozu (open is the high of the day and the close is the low of
the day) that lies within the second day�s trading range.
EXAMPLE Cdl3staRsinsouth(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.13 Cdl3whitesoldiers (0)

CDL3WHITESOLDIERS Candlestick Pattern
Three Advancing White Soldiers

SYNTAX Cdl3whitesoldiers()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Advancing White Soldiers, The Three White Soldiers (also known as
The Advancing Three White Soldiers) is a healthy market reversal pattern.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Three long white days with each successive open being within the body of the
previous day and each successive close being higher than the previous day and
near the day�s high.
EXAMPLE Cdl3whitesoldiers()
 [TOP]

1.2.14 Cdl3whitesoldiers (1)

CDL3WHITESOLDIERS Candlestick Pattern
Three Advancing White Soldiers

SYNTAX Cdl3whitesoldiers( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Three Advancing White Soldiers, The Three White Soldiers (also known as
The Advancing Three White Soldiers) is a healthy market reversal pattern.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Three long white days with each successive open being within the body of the
previous day and each successive close being higher than the previous day and
near the day�s high.
EXAMPLE Cdl3whitesoldiers(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.15 CdlAbandonedbaby (0)

CDLABANDONEDBABY Candlestick Pattern
Abandoned Baby

SYNTAX CdlAbandonedbaby( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Abandoned Baby, A rare reversal pattern characterized by a gap followed by a
Doji, which is then followed by another gap in the opposite direction.
ADDITIONAL Abandoned Baby Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
Then a black day occurs gapping in the opposite direction with no overlapping
shadows.
Abandoned Baby Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
Then a white day occurs gapping in the opposite direction with no overlapping
shadows.
EXAMPLE CdlAbandonedbaby(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.16 CdlAbandonedbaby (1)

CDLABANDONEDBABY Candlestick Pattern
Abandoned Baby

SYNTAX CdlAbandonedbaby( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Abandoned Baby, A rare reversal pattern characterized by a gap followed by a
Doji, which is then followed by another gap in the opposite direction.
ADDITIONAL Abandoned Baby Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
Then a black day occurs gapping in the opposite direction with no overlapping
shadows.
Abandoned Baby Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
Then a white day occurs gapping in the opposite direction with no overlapping
shadows.
EXAMPLE CdlAbandonedbaby(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.17 CdlAdvanceblock (0)

CDLADVANCEBLOCK Candlestick Pattern
Advance Block

SYNTAX CdlAdvanceblock()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Advance Block, The Advance Block is somewhat indicative as the Three White
Soldiers but it is a bearish signal.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Three white days. Each successive day opens within the body of the previous
day and closes above the previous day. The bodies of the candles get
progressively smaller with the upper shadows of day 2 and 3 getting
progressively longer.
EXAMPLE CdlAdvanceblock()
 [TOP]

1.2.18 CdlAdvanceblock (1)

CDLADVANCEBLOCK Candlestick Pattern
Advance Block

SYNTAX CdlAdvanceblock( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Advance Block, The Advance Block is somewhat indicative as the Three White
Soldiers but it is a bearish signal.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bearish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Three white days. Each successive day opens within the body of the previous
day and closes above the previous day. The bodies of the candles get
progressively smaller with the upper shadows of day 2 and 3 getting
progressively longer.
EXAMPLE CdlAdvanceblock(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.19 CdlBelthold (0)

CDLBELTHOLD Candlestick Pattern
Belt-hold

SYNTAX CdlBelthold()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Belt-hold, The Belt Hold lines are formed by single candlesticks.
ADDITIONAL Belt Hold Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day occurs with no upper shadow and a close near the day's low.
Belt Hold Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A white day occurs with no lower shadow and a close near the day�s high.
EXAMPLE CdlBelthold()
 [TOP]

1.2.20 CdlBelthold (1)

CDLBELTHOLD Candlestick Pattern
Belt-hold

SYNTAX CdlBelthold( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Belt-hold, The Belt Hold lines are formed by single candlesticks.
ADDITIONAL Belt Hold Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day occurs with no upper shadow and a close near the day's low.
Belt Hold Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A white day occurs with no lower shadow and a close near the day�s high.
EXAMPLE CdlBelthold(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.21 CdlBreakaway (0)

CDLBREAKAWAY Candlestick Pattern
Breakaway

SYNTAX CdlBreakaway()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Breakaway, If a trend has been evident, the breakaway pattern, whether bullish
or bearish initially indicates the acceleration of that trend.
ADDITIONAL Bullish Breakaway
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification
There is a downtrend but we also see that the prices bottom out and level off
now. The result is a long white candlestick that however does not close the
initial downward gap of the first and second days. This suggests a short-term
reversal.
Bearish Breakaway
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification
We see this pattern during an uptrend marked with a bullish surge that
eventually weakens. This weakening is illustrated by a long black candlestick
that is unable to close the gap into the body of the first day. These events warn
us about a short-term reversal.
EXAMPLE CdlBreakaway()
 [TOP]

1.2.22 CdlBreakaway (1)

CDLBREAKAWAY Candlestick Pattern
Breakaway

SYNTAX CdlBreakaway( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Breakaway, If a trend has been evident, the breakaway pattern, whether bullish
or bearish initially indicates the acceleration of that trend.
ADDITIONAL Bullish Breakaway
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification
There is a downtrend but we also see that the prices bottom out and level off
now. The result is a long white candlestick that however does not close the
initial downward gap of the first and second days. This suggests a short-term
reversal.
Bearish Breakaway
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification
We see this pattern during an uptrend marked with a bullish surge that
eventually weakens. This weakening is illustrated by a long black candlestick
that is unable to close the gap into the body of the first day. These events warn
us about a short-term reversal.
EXAMPLE CdlBreakaway(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.23 CdlClosingmarubozu (0)

CDLCLOSINGMARUBOZU Candlestick Pattern
Closing Marubozu

SYNTAX CdlClosingmarubozu()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Closing Marubozu, a Closing Marubozu has no shadow at it's closing end.
ADDITIONAL Black Closing marubozu
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Closing Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by its
long black body. It does not have a lower shadow but it has an upper shadow. It
is an extremely strong bearish candlestick pattern.
White Closing Marubozu
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Closing Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by a
long white body with no upper shadow. This is an extremely strong bullish
candlestick pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlClosingmarubozu()
 [TOP]

1.2.24 CdlClosingmarubozu (1)

CDLCLOSINGMARUBOZU Candlestick Pattern
Closing Marubozu

SYNTAX CdlClosingmarubozu( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Closing Marubozu, a Closing Marubozu has no shadow at it's closing end.
ADDITIONAL Black Closing marubozu
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Closing Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by its
long black body. It does not have a lower shadow but it has an upper shadow. It
is an extremely strong bearish candlestick pattern.
White Closing Marubozu
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Closing Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by a
long white body with no upper shadow. This is an extremely strong bullish
candlestick pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlClosingmarubozu(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.25 CdlConcealbabyswall (0)

CDLCONCEALBABYSWALL Candlestick Pattern
Concealing Baby Swallow

SYNTAX CdlConcealbabyswall()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Concealing Baby Swallow, The first two days of the signal, two Black
Marubozus, demonstrate the continuation of the downtrend.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
The first two days are Black Marubozu days (open is the high of the day and
the close is the low of the day). The following day is a black day that gaps in
the same direction but trades up into the body of the second day. The final day
is a Black Marubozu that gaps up and sells off to engulf the third day.
EXAMPLE CdlConcealbabyswall()
 [TOP]

1.2.26 CdlConcealbabyswall (1)

CDLCONCEALBABYSWALL Candlestick Pattern
Concealing Baby Swallow

SYNTAX CdlConcealbabyswall( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low,

ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Concealing Baby Swallow, The first two days of the signal, two Black
Marubozus, demonstrate the continuation of the downtrend.
ADDITIONAL Signal: Bullish
INFO Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
The first two days are Black Marubozu days (open is the high of the day and
the close is the low of the day). The following day is a black day that gaps in
the same direction but trades up into the body of the second day. The final day
is a Black Marubozu that gaps up and sells off to engulf the third day.
EXAMPLE CdlConcealbabyswall(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.27 CdlCounterattack (0)

CDLCOUNTERATTACK Candlestick Pattern
Counterattack Lines

SYNTAX CdlCounterattack()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Counterattack, Meeting Lines (or Counterattack Lines) are formed when
opposite coloured bodies have the same closing price.
ADDITIONAL A counter attack pattern is formed when opposite colour candles share the same
INFO clse.
This two candle pattern can be bullish or bearish depending where the pattern
appears.
The counter attack pattern warns that the tide is turning.
EXAMPLE CdlCounterattack()
 [TOP]

1.2.28 CdlCounterattack (1)

CDLCOUNTERATTACK Candlestick Pattern
Counterattack Lines

SYNTAX CdlCounterattack( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Counterattack, Meeting Lines (or Counterattack Lines) are formed when
opposite coloured bodies have the same closing price.
ADDITIONAL A counter attack pattern is formed when opposite colour candles share the same
INFO clse.
This two candle pattern can be bullish or bearish depending where the pattern
appears.
The counter attack pattern warns that the tide is turning.
EXAMPLE CdlCounterattack(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.29 CdlDarkcloudcover (0)

CDLDARKCLOUDCOVER Candlestick Pattern
Dark Cloud Cover

SYNTAX CdlDarkcloudcover( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Dark Cloud Cover, The dark Cloud Cover is the bearish counterpart to the
Piercing pattern.
ADDITIONAL Dark Cloud Cover Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a black day which gaps above the high of the
white candle and then closes below the midpoint of the first day's body.
EXAMPLE CdlDarkcloudcover(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.30 CdlDarkcloudcover (1)

CDLDARKCLOUDCOVER Candlestick Pattern
Dark Cloud Cover

SYNTAX CdlDarkcloudcover( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Dark Cloud Cover, The dark Cloud Cover is the bearish counterpart to the
Piercing pattern.
ADDITIONAL Dark Cloud Cover Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a black day which gaps above the high of the
white candle and then closes below the midpoint of the first day's body.
EXAMPLE CdlDarkcloudcover(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.31 CdlDoji (0)

CDLDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Doji

SYNTAX CdlDoji()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Doji, the Doji is one of the most important signals in candlestick analysis.
ADDITIONAL Doji
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
If a security has virtually equal opening and closing prices, this leads to a Doji.
The length of the upper and lower shadows of a Doji can vary and
consequently the resulting candlestick may look like a cross, inverted cross or a
plus sign. Doji, taken alone, is a neutral pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlDoji()
 [TOP]

1.2.32 CdlDoji (1)

CDLDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Doji

SYNTAX CdlDoji( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Doji, the Doji is one of the most important signals in candlestick analysis.
ADDITIONAL Doji
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
If a security has virtually equal opening and closing prices, this leads to a Doji.
The length of the upper and lower shadows of a Doji can vary and
consequently the resulting candlestick may look like a cross, inverted cross or a
plus sign. Doji, taken alone, is a neutral pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlDoji(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.33 CdlDojistar (0)

CDLDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlDojistar()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Doji Star, Upon seeing a Doji in an overbought or oversold condition, an
extremely high probability reversal situation becomes evident.
ADDITIONAL Doji Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The shadows of the Doji should not be long.
Doji Star Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The shadows of the Doji should not be long.
EXAMPLE CdlDojistar()
 [TOP]

1.2.34 CdlDojistar (1)

CDLDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlDojistar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Doji Star, Upon seeing a Doji in an overbought or oversold condition, an
extremely high probability reversal situation becomes evident.
ADDITIONAL Doji Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The shadows of the Doji should not be long.
Doji Star Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The shadows of the Doji should not be long.
EXAMPLE CdlDojistar(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.35 CdlDragonflydoji (0)

CDLDRAGONFLYDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Dragonfly Doji

SYNTAX CdlDragonflydoji()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Dragonfly Doji, The Dragonfly Doji occurs when trading opens, trades lower,
then closes at the open price which is the high of the day.
ADDITIONAL Dragonfly Doji Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the upper end of a trading range with a long lower shadow (the
longer the more bearish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
Dragonfly Doji Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the upper end of the trading range with a long lower shadow
(the longer the more bullish).
EXAMPLE CdlDragonflydoji()
 [TOP]

1.2.36 CdlDragonflydoji (1)

CDLDRAGONFLYDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Dragonfly Doji

SYNTAX CdlDragonflydoji( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Dragonfly Doji, The Dragonfly Doji occurs when trading opens, trades lower,
then closes at the open price which is the high of the day.
ADDITIONAL Dragonfly Doji Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the upper end of a trading range with a long lower shadow (the
longer the more bearish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
Dragonfly Doji Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the upper end of the trading range with a long lower shadow
(the longer the more bullish).
EXAMPLE CdlDragonflydoji(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.37 CdlEngulfing (0)

CDLENGULFING Candlestick Pattern
Engulfing Pattern

SYNTAX CdlEngulfing()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Engulfing Pattern, Two of the most compelling candlestick signals are the
Bullish Engulfing Pattern and Bearish Engulfing Pattern.
ADDITIONAL Engulfing Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A black day is completely �engulfed� by a large white day that gaps
below the black day�s low and rallies to close above its high.
Engulfing Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A white day is then completely �engulfed� by a large black day which
gaps above the white day's high and closes below its low.
EXAMPLE CdlEngulfing()
 [TOP]

1.2.38 CdlEngulfing (1)

CDLENGULFING Candlestick Pattern
Engulfing Pattern

SYNTAX CdlEngulfing( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Engulfing Pattern, Two of the most compelling candlestick signals are the
Bullish Engulfing Pattern and Bearish Engulfing Pattern.
ADDITIONAL Engulfing Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A black day is completely �engulfed� by a large white day that gaps
below the black day�s low and rallies to close above its high.
Engulfing Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A white day is then completely �engulfed� by a large black day which
gaps above the white day's high and closes below its low.
EXAMPLE CdlEngulfing(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.39 CdlEveningdojistar (0)

CDLEVENINGDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Evening Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlEveningdojistar( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Evening Doji Star, A three day bearish reversal pattern similar to the Evening
Star.
ADDITIONAL Evening Doji Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third day is a black day that closes in the bottom half of the white candle.
EXAMPLE CdlEveningdojistar(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.40 CdlEveningdojistar (1)

CDLEVENINGDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Evening Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlEveningdojistar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Evening Doji Star, A three day bearish reversal pattern similar to the Evening
Star.
ADDITIONAL Evening Doji Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third day is a black day that closes in the bottom half of the white candle.
EXAMPLE CdlEveningdojistar(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.41 CdlEveningstar (0)

CDLEVENINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Evening Star

SYNTAX CdlEveningstar( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Evening Star, The Evening Star pattern is a top reversal signal.
ADDITIONAL Evening Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a small body that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third day is a black day that closes in the bottom half of the white
candle.
EXAMPLE CdlEveningstar(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.42 CdlEveningstar (1)

CDLEVENINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Evening Star

SYNTAX CdlEveningstar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Evening Star, The Evening Star pattern is a top reversal signal.
ADDITIONAL Evening Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a small body that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third day is a black day that closes in the bottom half of the white
candle.
EXAMPLE CdlEveningstar(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.43 CdlGapsidesidewhite (0)

CDLGAPSIDESIDEWHITE Candlestick Pattern
Up/Down-gap side-by-side white lines

SYNTAX CdlGapsidesidewhite()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Up/Down-gap side-by-side white lines, The Up Side By Side White Lines
Pattern appears in a bullish market.
ADDITIONAL Side By Side White Lines Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third candle is also white and is almost identical to the previous day.
Side by Side White Lines Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A white day is followed by another white day that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third candle is also white and is almost identical to the previous day.
EXAMPLE CdlGapsidesidewhite()
 [TOP]

1.2.44 CdlGapsidesidewhite (1)

CDLGAPSIDESIDEWHITE Candlestick Pattern
p Side By Side White Lines

SYNTAX CdlGapsidesidewhite( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Up/Down-gap side-by-side white lines, The Up Side By Side White Lines
Pattern appears in a bullish market.
ADDITIONAL Side By Side White Lines Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third candle is also white and is almost identical to the previous day.
Side by Side White Lines Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A white day is followed by another white day that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third candle is also white and is almost identical to the previous day.
EXAMPLE CdlGapsidesidewhite(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.45 CdlGravestonedoji (0)

CDLGRAVESTONEDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Gravestone Doji

SYNTAX CdlGravestonedoji()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Gravestone Doji, The Gravestone Doji is formed when the open and the close
occur at the low end of the trading range.
ADDITIONAL Gravestone Doji Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
Gravestone Doji Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
EXAMPLE CdlGravestonedoji()
 [TOP]

1.2.46 CdlGravestonedoji (1)

CDLGRAVESTONEDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Gravestone Doji

SYNTAX CdlGravestonedoji( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Gravestone Doji, The Gravestone Doji is formed when the open and the close
occur at the low end of the trading range.
ADDITIONAL Gravestone Doji Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
Gravestone Doji Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A Doji forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
EXAMPLE CdlGravestonedoji(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.47 CdlHammer (0)

CDLHAMMER Candlestick Pattern
Hammer

SYNTAX CdlHammer()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hammer, The Hammer is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Hammer Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the upper end of a trading range with a long lower
shadow (the longer the more bullish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlHammer()
 [TOP]

1.2.48 CdlHammer (1)

CDLHAMMER Candlestick Pattern
Hammer

SYNTAX CdlHammer( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hammer, The Hammer is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Hammer Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the upper end of a trading range with a long lower
shadow (the longer the more bullish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlHammer(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.49 CdlHangingman (0)

CDLHANGINGMAN Candlestick Pattern
Hanging Man

SYNTAX CdlHangingman()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hanging Man, The Hanging Man is also comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Hanging Man Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the upper end of the trading range with a long lower
shadow (the longer the more bearish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlHangingman()
 [TOP]

1.2.50 CdlHangingman (1)

CDLHANGINGMAN Candlestick Pattern
Hanging Man

SYNTAX CdlHangingman( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hanging Man, The Hanging Man is also comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Hanging Man Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the upper end of the trading range with a long lower
shadow (the longer the more bearish) with no, or almost no upper shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlHangingman(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.51 CdlHarami (0)

CDLHARAMI Candlestick Pattern
Harami Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHarami()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Harami Pattern, The Harami is an often seen formation.
ADDITIONAL Harami Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A long black day is followed by a white day which gaps opposite the trend and
is completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHarami()
 [TOP]

1.2.52 CdlHarami (1)

CDLHARAMI Candlestick Pattern
Harami Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHarami( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Harami Pattern, The Harami is an often seen formation.
ADDITIONAL Harami Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A long black day is followed by a white day which gaps opposite the trend and
is completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHarami(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.53 CdlHaramicross (0)

CDLHARAMICROSS Candlestick Pattern
Harami Cross Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHaramicross()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Harami Cross Pattern, A two day pattern similar to the Harami (see
CDLHARAMI() ), the difference is that the last day is a Doji.
ADDITIONAL Harami Cross Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji which gaps opposite the trend and is
completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
Harami Cross Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps down and is completely
engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHaramicross()
 [TOP]

1.2.54 CdlHaramicross (1)

CDLHARAMICROSS Candlestick Pattern
Harami Cross Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHaramicross( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Harami Cross Pattern, A two day pattern similar to the Harami (see
CDLHARAMI() ), the difference is that the last day is a Doji.
ADDITIONAL Harami Cross Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji which gaps opposite the trend and is
completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
Harami Cross Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a Doji that gaps down and is completely
engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHaramicross(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.55 CdlHighwave (0)

CDLHIGHWAVE Candlestick Pattern
High-Wave Candle

SYNTAX CdlHighwave()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION High-Wave Candle : This function is contained within the Pattern Recognition
set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL High Wave
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
High Wave is a type of candlestick characterized with either a very long upper
or a lower shadow. It has only a short real body. A group of these patterns may
signal a market turn.
EXAMPLE CdlHighwave()
 [TOP]

1.2.56 CdlHighwave (1)

CDLHIGHWAVE Candlestick Pattern
High-Wave Candle

SYNTAX CdlHighwave( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION High-Wave Candle : This function is contained within the Pattern Recognition
set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL High Wave
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
High Wave is a type of candlestick characterized with either a very long upper
or a lower shadow. It has only a short real body. A group of these patterns may
signal a market turn.
EXAMPLE CdlHighwave(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.57 CdlHikkake (0)

CDLHIKKAKE Candlestick Pattern
Hikkake Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHikkake()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hikkake Pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlHikkake()
 [TOP]

1.2.58 CdlHikkake (1)

CDLHIKKAKE Candlestick Pattern
Hikkake Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHikkake( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hikkake Pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlHikkake(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.59 CdlHikkakemod (0)

CDLHIKKAKEMOD Candlestick Pattern
Modified Hikkake Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHikkakemod()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Modified Hikkake Pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlHikkakemod()
 [TOP]

1.2.60 CdlHikkakemod (1)

CDLHIKKAKEMOD Candlestick Pattern
Modified Hikkake Pattern

SYNTAX CdlHikkakemod( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Modified Hikkake Pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlHikkakemod(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.61 CdlHomingpigeon (0)

CDLHOMINGPIGEON Candlestick Pattern
Homing Pigeon

SYNTAX CdlHomingpigeon()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Homing Pigeon, The Homing Pigeon is the same as the Harami, except for the
colour of the second day's body.
ADDITIONAL Homing Pigeon bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by another black day which gaps opposite the
trend and is completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHomingpigeon()
 [TOP]

1.2.62 CdlHomingpigeon (1)

CDLHOMINGPIGEON Candlestick Pattern
Homing Pigeon

SYNTAX CdlHomingpigeon( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Homing Pigeon, The Homing Pigeon is the same as the Harami, except for the
colour of the second day's body.
ADDITIONAL Homing Pigeon bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by another black day which gaps opposite the
trend and is completely engulfed by the real body of the first day.
EXAMPLE CdlHomingpigeon(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.63 CdlIdentical3crows (0)

CDLIDENTICAL3CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Identical Three Crows

SYNTAX CdlIdentical3crows()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Identical Three Crows, The Three Identical Crows have the same criteria as the
Three Black Crows.
ADDITIONAL Identical Three Crows Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
Three black days with each day opening where the previous day closed.
EXAMPLE CdlIdentical3crows()
 [TOP]

1.2.64 CdlIdentical3crows (1)

CDLIDENTICAL3CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Identical Three Crows

SYNTAX CdlIdentical3crows( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Identical Three Crows, The Three Identical Crows have the same criteria as the
Three Black Crows.
ADDITIONAL Identical Three Crows Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
Three black days with each day opening where the previous day closed.
EXAMPLE CdlIdentical3crows(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.65 CdlInneck (0)

CDLINNECK Candlestick Pattern
In-Neck Pattern

SYNTAX CdlInneck()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION In-Neck Pattern, The In Neck pattern is almost a Meeting Line pattern.
ADDITIONAL In Neck Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a long white day that gaps down at the open
and closes at the same price as the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlInneck()
 [TOP]

1.2.66 CdlInneck (1)

CDLINNECK Candlestick Pattern
In-Neck Pattern

SYNTAX CdlInneck( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION In-Neck Pattern, The In Neck pattern is almost a Meeting Line pattern.
ADDITIONAL In Neck Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a long white day that gaps down at the open
and closes at the same price as the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlInneck(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.67 CdlInvertedhammer (0)

CDLINVERTEDHAMMER Candlestick Pattern
Inverted Hammer

SYNTAX CdlInvertedhammer()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Inverted Hammer, The Inverted Hammer is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Inverted Hammer Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper
shadow is usually no more than twice as long as the real body and there is no or
almost no lower shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlInvertedhammer()
 [TOP]

1.2.68 CdlInvertedhammer (1)

CDLINVERTEDHAMMER Candlestick Pattern
Inverted Hammer

SYNTAX CdlInvertedhammer( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Inverted Hammer, The Inverted Hammer is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Inverted Hammer Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small real body forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper
shadow is usually no more than twice as long as the real body and there is no or
almost no lower shadow.
EXAMPLE CdlInvertedhammer(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.69 CdlKicking (0)

CDLKICKING Candlestick Pattern
Kicking

SYNTAX CdlKicking()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kicking, The Kicker signal is the most powerful signal of all.
ADDITIONAL Kicking Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A White Marubuzo (opens at low and closes at high) is followed by a Black
Marubuzo (opens at high and closes at low) that gaps down.
Kicking Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification:
A Black Marubuzo (open is the high of the day and the close is the low of the
day) day is followed by a White Marubuzo (open is the low of the day and the
close is the high of the day) day that gaps in the opposite direction.
EXAMPLE CdlKicking()
 [TOP]

1.2.70 CdlKicking (1)

CDLKICKING Candlestick Pattern
Kicking

SYNTAX CdlKicking( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kicking, The Kicker signal is the most powerful signal of all.
ADDITIONAL Kicking Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A White Marubuzo (opens at low and closes at high) is followed by a Black
Marubuzo (opens at high and closes at low) that gaps down.
Kicking Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification:
A Black Marubuzo (open is the high of the day and the close is the low of the
day) day is followed by a White Marubuzo (open is the low of the day and the
close is the high of the day) day that gaps in the opposite direction.
EXAMPLE CdlKicking(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.71 CdlKickingbylength (0)

CDLKICKINGBYLENGTH Candlestick Pattern
Kicking - bull/bear

SYNTAX CdlKickingbylength()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kicking - bull/bear determined by the longer marubozu, The Kicker signal is
the most powerful signal of all.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlKickingbylength()
 [TOP]

1.2.72 CdlKickingbylength (1)

CDLKICKINGBYLENGTH Candlestick Pattern
Kicking - bull/bear

SYNTAX CdlKickingbylength( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kicking - bull/bear determined by the longer marubozu, The Kicker signal is
the most powerful signal of all.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlKickingbylength(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.73 CdlLadderbottom (0)

CDLLADDERBOTTOM Candlestick Pattern
Ladder Bottom

SYNTAX CdlLadderbottom()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Ladder Bottom, The downtrend is finishing with four consecutive black
candles, each closing lower than the previous day.
ADDITIONAL Ladder Bottom Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
Three black days with successive lower opens and lower closes. Then a black
day forms with some noticeably upper shadow. The final day is a white day
that gaps against the trend and opens above the body of the fourth day.
EXAMPLE CdlLadderbottom()
 [TOP]

1.2.74 CdlLadderbottom (1)

CDLLADDERBOTTOM Candlestick Pattern
Ladder Bottom

SYNTAX CdlLadderbottom( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Ladder Bottom, The downtrend is finishing with four consecutive black
candles, each closing lower than the previous day.
ADDITIONAL Ladder Bottom Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
Three black days with successive lower opens and lower closes. Then a black
day forms with some noticeably upper shadow. The final day is a white day
that gaps against the trend and opens above the body of the fourth day.
EXAMPLE CdlLadderbottom(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.75 CdlLongleggeddoji (0)

CDLLONGLEGGEDDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Long Legged Doji

SYNTAX CdlLongleggeddoji()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Long Legged Doji, The Long-legged Doji is composed of long upper and lower
shadows.
ADDITIONAL Long Legged Doji
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is characterized by very long shadows. It is an important
reversal signal.
Bullish Long Legged Doji
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is a doji characterized with very long shadows. It shows the
indecision of the buyers and sellers. It is one of the important reversal signals.
Bearish Long Legged Doji
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is a doji characterized by very long shadows. It shows the
indecision of the buyers and sellers and it is an important reversal signal.
EXAMPLE CdlLongleggeddoji()
 [TOP]

1.2.76 CdlLongleggeddoji (1)

CDLLONGLEGGEDDOJI Candlestick Pattern
Long Legged Doji

SYNTAX CdlLongleggeddoji( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Long Legged Doji, The Long-legged Doji is composed of long upper and lower
shadows.
ADDITIONAL Long Legged Doji
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is characterized by very long shadows. It is an important
reversal signal.
Bullish Long Legged Doji
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is a doji characterized with very long shadows. It shows the
indecision of the buyers and sellers. It is one of the important reversal signals.
Bearish Long Legged Doji
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Long Legged Doji is a doji characterized by very long shadows. It shows the
indecision of the buyers and sellers and it is an important reversal signal.
EXAMPLE CdlLongleggeddoji(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.77 CdlLongline (0)

CDLLONGLINE Candlestick Pattern
Long Line Candle

SYNTAX CdlLongline()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Long Line Candle, A long day (LONGLINE) represents a large price move
from open to close.
ADDITIONAL Long Line Candle
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Low
Identification:
A long day (Long Line Candle) represents a large price move from open to
close.
EXAMPLE CdlLongline()
 [TOP]

1.2.78 CdlLongline (1)

CDLLONGLINE Candlestick Pattern
Long Line Candle

SYNTAX CdlLongline( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Long Line Candle, A long day (LONGLINE) represents a large price move
from open to close.
ADDITIONAL Long Line Candle
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Low
Identification:
A long day (Long Line Candle) represents a large price move from open to
close.
EXAMPLE CdlLongline(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.79 CdlMarubozu (0)

CDLMARUBOZU Candlestick Pattern
Marubozu

SYNTAX CdlMarubozu()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Marubozu, in Japanese, Marubozu means close cropped or close-cut.
ADDITIONAL Black Marubozu
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by a long
black body. It does not have any shadows on either end. It is an extremely
strong bearish candlestick pattern.
White Marubozu
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized with a long
white body having no shadows on either end. It is an extremely strong bullish
candlestick pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlMarubozu()
 [TOP]

1.2.80 CdlMarubozu (1)

CDLMARUBOZU Candlestick Pattern
Marubozu

SYNTAX CdlMarubozu( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Marubozu, in Japanese, Marubozu means close cropped or close-cut.
ADDITIONAL Black Marubozu
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized by a long
black body. It does not have any shadows on either end. It is an extremely
strong bearish candlestick pattern.
White Marubozu
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Marubozu is a single candlestick pattern characterized with a long
white body having no shadows on either end. It is an extremely strong bullish
candlestick pattern.
EXAMPLE CdlMarubozu(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.81 CdlMatchinglow (0)

CDLMATCHINGLOW Candlestick Pattern
Matching Low

SYNTAX CdlMatchinglow()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Matching Low, The Matching Low pattern is similar to the Homing Pigeon
patter, the exception being that the two days of the pattern close on their lows,
at the same level.
ADDITIONAL Matching Low Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by another black day with equivalent closes both
days.
EXAMPLE CdlMatchinglow()
 [TOP]

1.2.82 CdlMatchinglow (1)

CDLMATCHINGLOW Candlestick Pattern
Matching Low

SYNTAX CdlMatchinglow( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Matching Low, The Matching Low pattern is similar to the Homing Pigeon
patter, the exception being that the two days of the pattern close on their lows,
at the same level.
ADDITIONAL Matching Low Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by another black day with equivalent closes both
days.
EXAMPLE CdlMatchinglow(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.83 CdlMathold (0)

CDLMATHOLD Candlestick Pattern
Mat Hold

SYNTAX CdlMathold( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Mat Hold, The pattern appears during an uptrend, which is further confirmed
by the first long white candlestick.
ADDITIONAL Mat Hold Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day in an uptrend is followed by a relatively small black day that
gaps in the direction of the trend. The next two days continue the brief pullback
and are small days that stay within the range of the first day. The fifth day is a
long white day that closes above the close of the first day and continues the
uptrend.
EXAMPLE CdlMathold(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.84 CdlMathold (1)

CDLMATHOLD Candlestick Pattern
Mat Hold

SYNTAX CdlMathold( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close,
ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Mat Hold, The pattern appears during an uptrend, which is further confirmed
by the first long white candlestick.
ADDITIONAL Mat Hold Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day in an uptrend is followed by a relatively small black day that
gaps in the direction of the trend. The next two days continue the brief pullback
and are small days that stay within the range of the first day. The fifth day is a
long white day that closes above the close of the first day and continues the
uptrend.
EXAMPLE CdlMathold(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.85 CdlMorningdojistar (0)

CDLMORNINGDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Morning Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlMorningdojistar( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Morning Doji Star, A three day bullish reversal pattern that is very similar to
the Morning Star.
ADDITIONAL Morning Doji Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third day is a white day which closes in the top half of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlMorningdojistar(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.86 CdlMorningdojistar (1)

CDLMORNINGDOJISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Morning Doji Star

SYNTAX CdlMorningdojistar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Morning Doji Star, A three day bullish reversal pattern that is very similar to
the Morning Star.
ADDITIONAL Morning Doji Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a Doji that gaps in the direction of the trend.
The third day is a white day which closes in the top half of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlMorningdojistar(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.87 CdlMorningstar (0)

CDLMORNINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Morning Star

SYNTAX CdlMorningstar( ARRAY penetration)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Morning Star, The Morning Star is a bottom reversal signal.
ADDITIONAL Morning Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a small day that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third day is a white day which closes in the top half of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlMorningstar(14)
 [TOP]

1.2.88 CdlMorningstar (1)

CDLMORNINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Morning Star

SYNTAX CdlMorningstar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY penetration)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Morning Star, The Morning Star is a bottom reversal signal.
ADDITIONAL Morning Star Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day is followed by a small day that gaps in the direction of the
trend. The third day is a white day which closes in the top half of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlMorningstar(open, high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.2.89 CdlOnneck (0)

CDLONNECK Candlestick Pattern
On-Neck Pattern

SYNTAX CdlOnneck()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION On-Neck Pattern, The On Neck Line pattern is almost a 'meeting line pattern',
but the critical term is 'almost'.
ADDITIONAL On Neck Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a long white day that gaps down at the open
and closes below the close of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlOnneck()
 [TOP]

1.2.90 CdlOnneck (1)

CDLONNECK Candlestick Pattern
On-Neck Pattern

SYNTAX CdlOnneck( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION On-Neck Pattern, The On Neck Line pattern is almost a 'meeting line pattern',
but the critical term is 'almost'.
ADDITIONAL On Neck Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a long white day that gaps down at the open
and closes below the close of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlOnneck(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.91 CdlPiercing (0)

CDLPIERCING Candlestick Pattern
Piercing Pattern

SYNTAX CdlPiercing()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Piercing Pattern, The Piercing Pattern is composed of a two-candle formation
in a down trending market.
ADDITIONAL Piercing Line Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a white day that gaps below the black day�s
low and closes within and above the midpoint of the black day�s body.
EXAMPLE CdlPiercing()
 [TOP]

1.2.92 CdlPiercing (1)

CDLPIERCING Candlestick Pattern
Piercing Pattern

SYNTAX CdlPiercing( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Piercing Pattern, The Piercing Pattern is composed of a two-candle formation
in a down trending market.
ADDITIONAL Piercing Line Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a white day that gaps below the black day�s
low and closes within and above the midpoint of the black day�s body.
EXAMPLE CdlPiercing(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.93 CdlRickshawman (0)

CDLRICKSHAWMAN Candlestick Pattern
Rickshaw Man

SYNTAX CdlRickshawman()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rickshaw Man, Rickshaw man is a specific type of long-legged doji where the
open and close are in the middle of the price range.
ADDITIONAL Rickshaw Man
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Rickshaw man is a specific type of long-legged doji where the open and close
are in the middle of the price range.
EXAMPLE CdlRickshawman()
 [TOP]

1.2.94 CdlRickshawman (1)

CDLRICKSHAWMAN Candlestick Pattern
Rickshaw Man

SYNTAX CdlRickshawman( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rickshaw Man, Rickshaw man is a specific type of long-legged doji where the
open and close are in the middle of the price range.
ADDITIONAL Rickshaw Man
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
Rickshaw man is a specific type of long-legged doji where the open and close
are in the middle of the price range.
EXAMPLE CdlRickshawman(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.95 CdlRisefall3methods (0)

CDLRISEFALL3METHODS Candlestick Pattern
Rising/Falling Three Methods

SYNTAX CdlRisefall3methods()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rising/Falling Three Methods, The Falling Three Method is basically the
opposite of the Rising Three Method, The market has been in a downtrend.
ADDITIONAL Rising Three Methods Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day in an uptrend is followed by three relatively small candles
that move opposite the overall trend but stay within the range of the first day.
The fifth day is a long white day that closes above the close of the first day and
continues the uptrend.
Fallling Three Methods Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day in a downtrend is followed by three relatively small candles
that move opposite the overall trend but stay within the range of the first day.
The fifth day is a long black day that closes below the close of the first day and
continues the downtrend.
EXAMPLE CdlRisefall3methods()
 [TOP]

1.2.96 CdlRisefall3methods (1)

CDLRISEFALL3METHODS Candlestick Pattern
Rising/Falling Three Methods

SYNTAX CdlRisefall3methods( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rising/Falling Three Methods, The Falling Three Method is basically the
opposite of the Rising Three Method, The market has been in a downtrend.
ADDITIONAL Rising Three Methods Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day in an uptrend is followed by three relatively small candles
that move opposite the overall trend but stay within the range of the first day.
The fifth day is a long white day that closes above the close of the first day and
continues the uptrend.
Fallling Three Methods Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: high
Identification
A long black day in a downtrend is followed by three relatively small candles
that move opposite the overall trend but stay within the range of the first day.
The fifth day is a long black day that closes below the close of the first day and
continues the downtrend.
EXAMPLE CdlRisefall3methods(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.97 CdlSeparatinglines (0)

CDLSEPARATINGLINES Candlestick Pattern
Separating Lines

SYNTAX CdlSeparatinglines()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Separating Lines, You can identify it from the following points: The first day is
a long white candle.
ADDITIONAL Separating Lines Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day that has the same opening price.
Separating Lines Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A white day is followed by a black day that has the same opening price.
EXAMPLE CdlSeparatinglines()
 [TOP]

1.2.98 CdlSeparatinglines (1)

CDLSEPARATINGLINES Candlestick Pattern
Separating Lines

SYNTAX CdlSeparatinglines( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Separating Lines, You can identify it from the following points: The first day is
a long white candle.
ADDITIONAL Separating Lines Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day that has the same opening price.
Separating Lines Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A white day is followed by a black day that has the same opening price.
EXAMPLE CdlSeparatinglines(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.99 CdlShootingstar (0)

CDLSHOOTINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Shooting Star

SYNTAX CdlShootingstar()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Shooting Star, The Shooting Star is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Shooting Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small body forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
EXAMPLE CdlShootingstar()
 [TOP]

1.2.100 CdlShootingstar (1)

CDLSHOOTINGSTAR Candlestick Pattern
Shooting Star

SYNTAX CdlShootingstar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Shooting Star, The Shooting Star is comprised of one candle.
ADDITIONAL Shooting Star Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: low/moderate
Identification
A small body forms at the lower end of the trading range. The upper shadow is
usually long while the lower shadow is small or almost nonexistent.
EXAMPLE CdlShootingstar(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.101 CdlShortline (0)

CDLSHORTLINE Candlestick Pattern
Short Line Candle

SYNTAX CdlShortline()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Short Line Candle, Short days (SHORTLINES) can be interpreted by the same
analytical process of the long candles.
ADDITIONAL Short Line Candle
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Low
Identification:
Short days (Short Line Candle) represents a small price move from open to
close.
EXAMPLE CdlShortline()
 [TOP]

1.2.102 CdlShortline (1)

CDLSHORTLINE Candlestick Pattern
Short Line Candle

SYNTAX CdlShortline( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Short Line Candle, Short days (SHORTLINES) can be interpreted by the same
analytical process of the long candles.
ADDITIONAL Short Line Candle
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Low
Identification:
Short days (Short Line Candle) represents a small price move from open to
close.
EXAMPLE CdlShortline(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.103 CdlSpinningtop (0)

CDLSPINNINGTOP Candlestick Pattern
Spinning Top

SYNTAX CdlSpinningtop()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Spinning Top, spinning Tops are depicted with small bodies relative to the
shadows.
ADDITIONAL White Spinning Top
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Spinning Top is a single candlestick pattern. Its shape is a small
white body with upper and lower shadows that have a greater length than the
body's length.
Black Spinning Top
Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Spinning Top is a single candlestick pattern. Its shape is a small
black body with upper and lower shadows having a greater length than the
body's length.
EXAMPLE CdlSpinningtop()
 [TOP]

1.2.104 CdlSpinningtop (1)

CDLSPINNINGTOP Candlestick Pattern
Spinning Top

SYNTAX CdlSpinningtop( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Spinning Top, spinning Tops are depicted with small bodies relative to the
shadows.
ADDITIONAL White Spinning Top
INFO Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The White Spinning Top is a single candlestick pattern. Its shape is a small
white body with upper and lower shadows that have a greater length than the
body's length.
Black Spinning Top
Signal: Indecision
Pattern: Reversal/Continuation
Reliability: Low
Identification:
The Black Spinning Top is a single candlestick pattern. Its shape is a small
black body with upper and lower shadows having a greater length than the
body's length.
EXAMPLE CdlSpinningtop(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.105 CdlStalledpattern (0)

CDLSTALLEDPATTERN Candlestick Pattern
Stalled Pattern

SYNTAX CdlStalledpattern()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stalled Pattern, Another pattern close to the Three White Soldiers pattern is the
Stalled Pattern (commonly known as the Deliberation pattern).
ADDITIONAL Stalled Pattern or Deliberation pattern
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
The Bearish Deliberation Pattern is a derivative of the Bearish Three White
Soldiers Pattern. This pattern also shows a weakness similar to the Bearish
Advance Block Pattern since it becomes weaker in a short period of time.
However here the weakness occurs all at once on the third day. The small third
body of the pattern shows that the rally is losing strength and a reversal is
possible.
EXAMPLE CdlStalledpattern()
 [TOP]

1.2.106 CdlStalledpattern (1)

CDLSTALLEDPATTERN Candlestick Pattern
Stalled Pattern

SYNTAX CdlStalledpattern( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stalled Pattern, Another pattern close to the Three White Soldiers pattern is the
Stalled Pattern (commonly known as the Deliberation pattern).
ADDITIONAL Stalled Pattern or Deliberation pattern
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
The Bearish Deliberation Pattern is a derivative of the Bearish Three White
Soldiers Pattern. This pattern also shows a weakness similar to the Bearish
Advance Block Pattern since it becomes weaker in a short period of time.
However here the weakness occurs all at once on the third day. The small third
body of the pattern shows that the rally is losing strength and a reversal is
possible.
EXAMPLE CdlStalledpattern(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.107 CdlSticksandwich (0)

CDLSTICKSANDWICH Candlestick Pattern
Stick Sandwich

SYNTAX CdlSticksandwich()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stick Sandwich, The Stick Sandwich looks somewhat like an ice cream
sandwich.
ADDITIONAL Bullish Stick Sandwich
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
The Bullish Stick Sandwich Pattern is characterized by consecutive higher
opens for three days, but results in an eventual close equal to the first day's
close. It may warn that prices are now finding a support price. We may then see
a reversal from this support level.
EXAMPLE CdlSticksandwich()
 [TOP]

1.2.108 CdlSticksandwich (1)

CDLSTICKSANDWICH Candlestick Pattern
Stick Sandwich

SYNTAX CdlSticksandwich( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stick Sandwich, The Stick Sandwich looks somewhat like an ice cream
sandwich.
ADDITIONAL Bullish Stick Sandwich
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: Reversal
Reliability: Medium
Identification:
The Bullish Stick Sandwich Pattern is characterized by consecutive higher
opens for three days, but results in an eventual close equal to the first day's
close. It may warn that prices are now finding a support price. We may then see
a reversal from this support level.
EXAMPLE CdlSticksandwich(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.109 CdlTakuri (0)

CDLTAKURI Candlestick Pattern
Takuri

SYNTAX CdlTakuri()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Takuri (Dragonfly Doji with very long lower shadow) : This function is
contained within the Pattern Recognition set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Dragonfly Doji with very long lower shadow
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlTakuri()
 [TOP]

1.2.110 CdlTakuri (1)

CDLTAKURI Candlestick Pattern
Takuri

SYNTAX CdlTakuri( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Takuri (Dragonfly Doji with very long lower shadow) : This function is
contained within the Pattern Recognition set of indicators.
ADDITIONAL Dragonfly Doji with very long lower shadow
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlTakuri(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.111 CdlTasukigap (0)

CDLTASUKIGAP Candlestick Pattern
Tasuki Gap

SYNTAX CdlTasukigap()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Tasuki Gap, The Upside Tasuki Gap is found in a rising trend.
ADDITIONAL Downside Tasuki Gap Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a second long black day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is white and opens within the body of the
second day and closes within the gap.
Upside Tasuki Gap Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a second long white day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is black and opens within the body of the
second day and closes within the gap.
EXAMPLE CdlTasukigap()
 [TOP]

1.2.112 CdlTasukigap (1)

CDLTASUKIGAP Candlestick Pattern
Tasuki Gap

SYNTAX CdlTasukigap( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Tasuki Gap, The Upside Tasuki Gap is found in a rising trend.
ADDITIONAL Downside Tasuki Gap Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a second long black day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is white and opens within the body of the
second day and closes within the gap.
Upside Tasuki Gap Bullish
Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a second long white day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is black and opens within the body of the
second day and closes within the gap.
EXAMPLE CdlTasukigap(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.113 CdlThrusting (0)

CDLTHRUSTING Candlestick Pattern
Thrusting Pattern

SYNTAX CdlThrusting()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Thrusting Pattern, The Thrusting pattern is almost an 'On Neck' or an 'In Neck'
pattern and resembles the Meeting Line pattern, also.
ADDITIONAL Thrusting Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day which gaps in the direction of the trend
and closes below the midpoint of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlThrusting()
 [TOP]

1.2.114 CdlThrusting (1)

CDLTHRUSTING Candlestick Pattern
Thrusting Pattern

SYNTAX CdlThrusting( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Thrusting Pattern, The Thrusting pattern is almost an 'On Neck' or an 'In Neck'
pattern and resembles the Meeting Line pattern, also.
ADDITIONAL Thrusting Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: low
Identification
A black day is followed by a white day which gaps in the direction of the trend
and closes below the midpoint of the black day.
EXAMPLE CdlThrusting(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.115 CdlTristar (0)

CDLTRISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Tristar Pattern

SYNTAX CdlTristar()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Tristar Pattern, The Tri Star pattern is relatively rare.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlTristar()
 [TOP]

1.2.116 CdlTristar (1)

CDLTRISTAR Candlestick Pattern
Tristar Pattern

SYNTAX CdlTristar( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Tristar Pattern, The Tri Star pattern is relatively rare.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CdlTristar(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.117 CdlUnique3river (0)

CDLUNIQUE3RIVER Candlestick Pattern
Unique 3 River

SYNTAX CdlUnique3river()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Unique 3 River, The Unique Three River Bottom is a bullish pattern, somewhat
characteristic of the Morning Star Pattern.
ADDITIONAL Unique Three River Bottom Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
The first day is a long black day, followed by a Homing Pigeon whose lower
shadow makes a new low. The last day is small and white, and closes below the
second day�s close.
EXAMPLE CdlUnique3river()
 [TOP]

1.2.118 CdlUnique3river (1)

CDLUNIQUE3RIVER Candlestick Pattern
Unique 3 River

SYNTAX CdlUnique3river( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Unique 3 River, The Unique Three River Bottom is a bullish pattern, somewhat
characteristic of the Morning Star Pattern.
ADDITIONAL Unique Three River Bottom Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: moderate
Identification
The first day is a long black day, followed by a Homing Pigeon whose lower
shadow makes a new low. The last day is small and white, and closes below the
second day�s close.
EXAMPLE CdlUnique3river(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.119 CdlUpsidegap2crows (0)

CDLUPSIDEGAP2CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Upside Gap Two Crows

SYNTAX CdlUpsidegap2crows()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Upside Gap Two Crows, The Upside Gap Two Crows is a three-day pattern.
ADDITIONAL Upside Gap Two Crows Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a black candle which gaps in the direction of
the trend. The final day engulfs the small black day and closes within the gap
of the first two days.
EXAMPLE CdlUpsidegap2crows()
 [TOP]

1.2.120 CdlUpsidegap2crows (1)

CDLUPSIDEGAP2CROWS Candlestick Pattern
Upside Gap Two Crows

SYNTAX CdlUpsidegap2crows( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Upside Gap Two Crows, The Upside Gap Two Crows is a three-day pattern.
ADDITIONAL Upside Gap Two Crows Bearish
INFO Signal: Bearish
Pattern: reversal
Reliability: high
Identification
A long white day is followed by a black candle which gaps in the direction of
the trend. The final day engulfs the small black day and closes within the gap
of the first two days.
EXAMPLE CdlUpsidegap2crows(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.2.121 CdlXsidegap3methods (0)

CDLXSIDEGAP3METHODS Candlestick Pattern
Upside/Downside Gap Three Methods

SYNTAX CdlXsidegap3methods()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Upside/Downside Gap Three Methods, the Bullish Upside Gap Three Methods
Pattern, the market is in a strong bullish mood.
ADDITIONAL Upside Gap Three Methods Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a second long white day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is black and fills the gap between the first
two days.
Downside Gap Three Methods Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a second long black day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is white and fills the gap between the first
two days.
EXAMPLE CdlXsidegap3methods()
 [TOP]

1.2.122 CdlXsidegap3methods (1)

CDLXSIDEGAP3METHODS Candlestick Pattern
Upside/Downside Gap Three Methods

SYNTAX CdlXsidegap3methods( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low,

ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Upside/Downside Gap Three Methods, the Bullish Upside Gap Three Methods
Pattern, the market is in a strong bullish mood.
ADDITIONAL Upside Gap Three Methods Bullish
INFO Signal: Bullish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long white day is followed by a second long white day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is black and fills the gap between the first
two days.
Downside Gap Three Methods Bearish
Signal: Bearish
Pattern: continuation
Reliability: moderate
Identification
A long black day is followed by a second long black day that gaps in the
direction of the trend. The third day is white and fills the gap between the first
two days.
EXAMPLE CdlXsidegap3methods(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.3 Charting
1.3.1 Plot1
PLOT1 Charting
Plot

SYNTAX Plot1( ARRAY array one, ARRAY array two, ARRAY description1,
ARRAY description2, ENUM fillcolor, ENUM graphonecolor, ENUM
graphtwocolor, ENUM chart type, ENUM style)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot two time-series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plot1(BbandsUpper(14, 2, 2, _MaSma), BbandSlower(14, 2, 2, _MaSma), "BB
UP", "BB LOW", colorRed|20|colorRed|20|0, colorTransparent,
colorTransparent, chartLine, StyleSymbolNone)
 [TOP]

1.3.2 Plot (0)

PLOT Charting
Plot

SYNTAX Plot( ARRAY array, ARRAY description, ENUM color, ENUM chart
type, ENUM style)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a time-series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plot(rsi(14), "RSI", colorBlack, chartLine, styleOwnScale)
 [TOP]

1.3.3 Plot (1)

PLOT Charting
Plot

SYNTAX Plot( ARRAY array, ARRAY description, ENUM color, ENUM chart
type)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a time-series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plot(rsi(14), "RSI", colorBlack, chartLine)
 [TOP]

1.3.4 Plot (2)

PLOT Charting
Plot

SYNTAX Plot( ARRAY array, ARRAY description, ENUM color)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a time-series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plot(rsi(14), "RSI", colorBlack)
 [TOP]

1.3.5 Plot (3)

PLOT Charting
Plot

SYNTAX Plot( ARRAY array, ARRAY description)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a time-series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plot(rsi(14), "RSI")
 [TOP]

1.3.6 PlotArrow
PLOTARROW Charting
Plot Arrow

SYNTAX PlotArrow( ARRAY array, ARRAY information, ENUM topbottom,

ENUM color)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Draw an arrow when the value of an element of the ARRAY is different from 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PlotArrow(volume > 2 * sma(volume, 20), "B", AboveHigh, colorRed)
 [TOP]

1.3.7 PlotCandleStick1
PLOTCANDLESTICK1 Charting
Plot CandleStick

SYNTAX PlotCandleStick1( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY

close, ARRAY description, ENUM color, ENUM style)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a symbol quotes
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PlotCandleStick1(open, high, low, close, "CandleStick", colorBlack,
StyleSymbolNone)
 [TOP]

1.3.8 PlotCandleStick
PLOTCANDLESTICK Charting
Plot CandleStick

SYNTAX PlotCandleStick( ARRAY description, ENUM color, ENUM style)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Plot a symbol quotes
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PlotCandleStick("CandleStick", colorBlack, StyleSymbolNone)
 [TOP]

1.3.9 PlotFixed
PLOTFIXED Charting
Plot Fixed Graph

SYNTAX PlotFixed( ARRAY xaxisdata, ARRAY yaxisdata, ARRAY yaxislabel,

ENUM function, ARRAY description, ENUM color, ENUM chart type,
ENUM style)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Draw a fixed graph (see tutorial)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PlotFixed(iff(GapUp(), 1, iff(GapDown(), 2, 0)), 1, "", iCount, "Number of No
Gaps - Gap Up - Gap Down", colorBlack, ChartBar, StyleSymbolNone)
 [TOP]

1.3.10 PlotSymbol
PLOTSYMBOL Charting
Plot Symbol

SYNTAX PlotSymbol( ARRAY array, ARRAY information, ARRAY factor,

ARRAY margin, ENUM topbottom, ENUM border color, ENUM back
color, ENUM plot symbol)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Draw a symbol when the value of an element of the ARRAY is different from
0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PlotSymbol(volume > 2 * sma(volume, 20), "B", 1, 1, AboveHigh, colorBlack,
colorBlack, PlotSymbolCircle)
 [TOP]

1.3.11 Print
PRINT Charting
Print To Output

SYNTAX Print( ARRAY text)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the outpout window so it display text depending on the selected date
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Print("Hello")
 [TOP]

1.3.12 PrintChart
PRINTCHART Charting
Print Chart

SYNTAX PrintChart( ARRAY string to print, ARRAY description, ENUM

coordinate, ENUM color, ENUM border color, ENUM back color,
ARRAY alpha)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Draw a string
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PrintChart("Close", "Close Price", TopLeft, colorRed, colorBlack, colorBlack,
255)
 [TOP]

1.3.13 SetHatchBrush
SETHATCHBRUSH Charting
Set Hatch Brush

SYNTAX SetHatchBrush( STRING hatch brush style, ENUM color)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set a hatch brush for the last graph
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetHatchBrush("BackwardDiagonal", colorRed)
 [TOP]

1.3.14 SetMaxScale
SETMAXSCALE Charting
Set the maximum chart scale

SYNTAX SetMaxScale( ARRAY max)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set maximum chart scale
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetMaxScale(100)
 [TOP]

1.3.15 SetMinScale
SETMINSCALE Charting
Set the minimum chart scale

SYNTAX SetMinScale( ARRAY min)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set minimum chart scale
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetMinScale(0)
 [TOP]

1.3.16 SetPercentScale
SETPERCENTSCALE Charting
Update chart scale by a percentage

SYNTAX SetPercentScale( ARRAY decrease mininum by, ARRAY increase

maximum by)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set chart scale
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetPercentScale(0, 0)
 [TOP]

1.3.17 SetScale
SETSCALE Charting
Set the chart scale

SYNTAX SetScale( ARRAY min, ARRAY max)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set chart scale
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetScale(0, 100)
 [TOP]

1.3.18 UpdateColor
UPDATECOLOR Charting
Update Last Graph Color

SYNTAX UpdateColor( ARRAY condition, ENUM color)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set a different color to each bar or line
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE UpdateColor(volume > 0, colorGreen)
 [TOP]

1.3.19 UpdatePrintSettings
UPDATEPRINTSETTINGS Charting
Update Print Settings

SYNTAX UpdatePrintSettings( STRING printchart settings, ARRAY rule, ARRAY

value)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the last PrintChart function
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE UpdatePrintSettings("PositionX", 1, 0)
 [TOP]

1.3.20 UpdateSettings
UPDATESETTINGS Charting
Update Pane Settings

SYNTAX UpdateSettings( STRING pane settings, ARRAY value)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the current pane settings
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE UpdateSettings("Full Pane", 0)
 [TOP]

1.4 Columns
1.4.1 AddColumn (0)
ADDCOLUMN Columns
Add column

SYNTAX AddColumn( ARRAY column name, ARRAY variable)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Creates a numeric column for the screener or the watch-list
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AddColumn("Column1", rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.4.2 AddColumn (1)

ADDCOLUMN Columns
Add column

SYNTAX AddColumn( ARRAY column name, ARRAY variable)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Creates a text column for the screener or the watch-list
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AddColumn("Column1", Market())
 [TOP]

1.4.3 SetColumnColor
SETCOLUMNCOLOR Columns
Update column color

SYNTAX SetColumnColor( ARRAY condition, STRING color)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Updates the color of the last column depending on the specified condition
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetColumnColor(close > open, "colorRed")
 [TOP]

1.5 Composite
1.5.1 AddComposite
ADDCOMPOSITE Composite
Add composite

SYNTAX AddComposite( ARRAY composite name, ARRAY variable, ENUM

composite calculation type)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Calculates a composite and stores it. This composite value can be used with the
Composite Script tool.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AddComposite("composite1", close > ref(close, 1), _CompAverage)
 [TOP]

1.5.2 Comp (0)

COMP Composite
Create a composite

SYNTAX Comp( ARRAY array, ENUM calculation method)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Creates a composite and returns the composite vector
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Comp(close, "avg")
 [TOP]

1.5.3 Comp (1)

COMP Composite
Create a composite

SYNTAX Comp( ARRAY array, ENUM calculation method, ARRAY group)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Creates a composite for each group defined by the rule in the 'group' parameter.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Comp(close, "avg", states(close, 30|20|10))
 [TOP]

1.5.4 Comp (2)

COMP Composite
Create a composite

SYNTAX Comp( ARRAY array, ENUM calculation method, ARRAY group,

ARRAY filter)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Creates a composite for each group defined by the rule in the 'group' parameter.
Use the 'filter' parameter to filter symbols included in the composite
calculation.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Comp(close, "avg", states(close, 30|20|10), close > 2)
 [TOP]

1.5.5 Comp (3)

COMP Composite
Create a composite

SYNTAX Comp( ARRAY array, ENUM calculation method, ARRAY group,

ARRAY filter, ARRAY symbols filter)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Creates a composite for each group defined by the rule in the 'group' parameter.
Use the 'filter' parameter to filter symbols included in the composite
calculation. Add a 'symbols filter' to specify which symbols to include in the
calculation of the composite.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Comp(close, "avg", states(close, 30|20|10), close > 2, "symbols filter name")
 [TOP]

1.6 Database
1.6.1 GetData (0)
GETDATA Database
Database Field

SYNTAX GetData( STRING database name, STRING field name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a database field data
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetData("'database name'", "'field name'")
 [TOP]

1.6.2 GetData (1)

GETDATA Database
Database Field

SYNTAX GetData( STRING database name, STRING field name, ENUM type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a database field data
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetData("'database name'", "'field name'", LastData)
 [TOP]

1.6.3 GetData (2)

GETDATA Database
Database Field

SYNTAX GetData( STRING database name, STRING field name, ENUM type,
ARRAY symbol)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a database field data for an external symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetData("'database name'", "'field name'", LastData, "GOOG")
 [TOP]

1.6.4 GetDataCount (0)

GETDATACOUNT Database
Database Field Count

SYNTAX GetDataCount( STRING database name, STRING field name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database elements data for each bar
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataCount("'database name'", "'field name'")
 [TOP]

1.6.5 GetDataCount (1)

GETDATACOUNT Database
Database Field Count

SYNTAX GetDataCount( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

symbol)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database elements data for each bar for an external symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataCount("'database name'", "'field name'", "GOOG")
 [TOP]

1.6.6 GetDataCountInside
GETDATACOUNTINSIDE Database
Database Field Index Count Inside

SYNTAX GetDataCountInside( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY low, ARRAY high, ENUM periodtype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database field elements for each bar and for the specified
limits
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataCountInside("'database name'", "'field name'", 0, 10, P_Hour)
 [TOP]

1.6.7 GetDataExtern
GETDATAEXTERN Database
Database field for a specified symbol

SYNTAX GetDataExtern( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

type: 0 for lastdata; 1 for zero; and 2 for na, ARRAY symbol)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a database field data for a specified symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataExtern("Fundamental", "Mktcap", 0, "A")
 [TOP]

1.6.8 GetDataIndex
GETDATAINDEX Database
Database Field Index

SYNTAX GetDataIndex( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

index, ENUM type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get an array from a database field, index parameter specify the index of the
data (When using for example intraday database with an historical timeframe)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataIndex("'database_name'", "'field name'", 0, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.6.9 GetDataIndexDP
GETDATAINDEXDP Database
Database Field Index Time

SYNTAX GetDataIndexDP( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

index, ENUM periodtype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get an array representing Year or month or day or hour... for each database
field item, index parameter specify the index of the data (When using for
example intraday database with an historical timeframe)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataIndexDP("'database name'", "'field name'", 0, P_Hour)
 [TOP]

1.6.10 GetDataInside
GETDATAINSIDE Database
Database Field Index Inside

SYNTAX GetDataInside( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

low, ARRAY high, ENUM periodtype, ENUM type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get an array from a database field (Accept only values which date are inside
the specified limits)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataInside("'database name'", "'field name'", 0, 10, P_Hour, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.6.11 GetDataStringCount (0)

GETDATASTRINGCOUNT Database
Database Field Count

SYNTAX GetDataStringCount( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY regular expression)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database field elements for each bar and using the provided
pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataStringCount("'database name'", "'field name'", "buy")
 [TOP]

1.6.12 GetDataStringCount (1)

GETDATASTRINGCOUNT Database
Database Field Count

SYNTAX GetDataStringCount( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY regular expression, ARRAY symbol)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database field elements for each bar, using the provided
pattern and for an external symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataStringCount("'database name'", "'field name'", "buy", "GOOG")
 [TOP]

1.6.13 GetDataStringCountInside
GETDATASTRINGCOUNTINSIDE Database
Database Field Index Count Inside

SYNTAX GetDataStringCountInside( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY low, ARRAY high, ENUM periodtype, ARRAY regular
expression)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get the number of database field elements for each bar, for the specified limits
and using the provided pattern
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataStringCountInside("'database name'", "'field name'", 0, 10, P_Hour,
"buy")
 [TOP]

1.6.14 IsDataExists
ISDATAEXISTS Database
Is Database Field Exists

SYNTAX IsDataExists( STRING database name, STRING field name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the provided database field name exists, returns 0 otherwise
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsDataExists("'database_name'", "'field name'")
 [TOP]

1.7 Date-Time
1.7.1 Year
YEAR Date-time
Year

SYNTAX Year()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's year
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Year()
 [TOP]

1.7.2 Date
DATE Date-time
Date

SYNTAX Date()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the bar's Date
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Date()
 [TOP]

1.7.3 DateTicks
DATETICKS Date-time
Date Ticks

SYNTAX DateTicks()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of ticks that represent the current date and time
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE DateTicks()
 [TOP]

1.7.4 Day
DAY Date-time
Day

SYNTAX Day()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's day of the month
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Day()
 [TOP]

1.7.5 DayOfWeek
DAYOFWEEK Date-time
Day of Week

SYNTAX DayOfWeek()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's day of week (1 for Monday, 2 for Tuesday, 3 for
Wednesday...)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE DayOfWeek()
 [TOP]

1.7.6 DayOfYear
DAYOFYEAR Date-time
Day of Year

SYNTAX DayOfYear()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's day of the year
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE DayOfYear()
 [TOP]

1.7.7 Hour
HOUR Date-time
Hour

SYNTAX Hour()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's hour
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Hour()
 [TOP]

1.7.8 Interval
INTERVAL Date-time
Interval in ticks

SYNTAX Interval()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of ticks between the current and previous bar date
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Interval()
 [TOP]

1.7.9 Minute
MINUTE Date-time
Minute

SYNTAX Minute()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's minute
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Minute()
 [TOP]

1.7.10 Month
MONTH Date-time
Month

SYNTAX Month()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's month
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Month()
 [TOP]

1.7.11 NbDays
NBDAYS Date-time
Number of days

SYNTAX NbDays( ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of days between the current bar and the bar referenced by
the period value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NbDays(5)
 [TOP]

1.7.12 Now
NOW Date-time
Now

SYNTAX Now()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current Date
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Now()
 [TOP]

1.7.13 Second
SECOND Date-time
Second

SYNTAX Second()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's second
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Second()
 [TOP]

1.7.14 TimeTicks
TIMETICKS Date-time
Time Ticks

SYNTAX TimeTicks()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of ticks that represent the current time
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeTicks()
 [TOP]

1.7.15 Week
WEEK Date-time
Week

SYNTAX Week()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the current bar's week
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Week()
 [TOP]

1.8 Divers
1.8.1 GetSeries (0)
GETSERIES Divers
Get another symbol data

SYNTAX GetSeries( ARRAY symbol, ENUM arrayname, ENUM type)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetSeries("A", close, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.8.2 GetSeries (1)

GETSERIES Divers
Get another symbol data

SYNTAX GetSeries( ARRAY symbol, ENUM arrayname)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetSeries("A", close)
 [TOP]

1.8.3 Output
OUTPUT Divers
Output text

SYNTAX Output( ARRAY text)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set outpout window text
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Output("Hello")
 [TOP]

1.8.4 OutputList
OUTPUTLIST Divers
Output list

SYNTAX OutputList( ARRAY text)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Add a text to the outpout list window
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE OutputList("Hello")
 [TOP]

1.8.5 States
STATES Divers
States

SYNTAX States( ARRAY array, ARRAY states (ex : 70|50|30))

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array containing different states.
Example: States(perf(close, 20), 10|0|-10)
Returns 0 if the array element value is lower then -10, returns 1 if the array
element value is between -10 and 0 and returns 2 if the array element value is
higher than 10
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE States(rsi(14), 70|50|30)
 [TOP]

1.8.6 Ticker
TICKER Divers
Get another symbol data

SYNTAX Ticker( ARRAY symbol, ENUM arrayname, ENUM type)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ticker("A", close, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.8.7 Ticker1
TICKER1 Divers
Get time-series for a different time-frame

SYNTAX Ticker1( ARRAY symbol, ARRAY timeframe, ENUM arrayname, ENUM

type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol and for the specified time-frame
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ticker1("A", 1, close, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.9 Indicators
1.9.1 Ad (0)
AD Indicators
Chaikin A/D Line

SYNTAX Ad()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chaikin A/D Line
ADDITIONAL The Accumulation/Distribution Line was developed by Marc Chaikin to assess
INFO the cumulative flow of money into and out of a security.
A bullish signal is given when the Accumulation/Distribution Line forms a
positive divergence (for more than a month of data).
The opposite for a bearish signal.
EXAMPLE Ad()
 [TOP]

1.9.2 Ad (1)
AD Indicators
Chaikin A/D Line

SYNTAX Ad( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY volume)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chaikin A/D Line
ADDITIONAL The Accumulation/Distribution Line was developed by Marc Chaikin to assess
INFO the cumulative flow of money into and out of a security.
A bullish signal is given when the Accumulation/Distribution Line forms a
positive divergence (for more than a month of data).
The opposite for a bearish signal.
EXAMPLE Ad(high, low, close, volume)
 [TOP]

1.9.3 AdOsc (0)

ADOSC Indicators
Chaikin A/D Oscillator

SYNTAX AdOsc( ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chaikin A/D Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Chaikin Oscillator is the Moving Average Convergence Divergence
INFO indicator (MACD) applied to the Accumulation/Distribution Line.
A bullish signal happen when the price action develops a lower low into
oversold zones and the oscillator diverges with a higher low and begins to rise.
A bearish signal happen when the price action develops a higher high into
overbought zones and the oscillator diverges with a lower high and begins to
fall.
EXAMPLE AdOsc(3, 10)
 [TOP]

1.9.4 AdOsc (1)

ADOSC Indicators
Chaikin A/D Oscillator

SYNTAX AdOsc( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY volume,
ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chaikin A/D Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Chaikin Oscillator is the Moving Average Convergence Divergence
INFO indicator (MACD) applied to the Accumulation/Distribution Line.
A bullish signal happen when the price action develops a lower low into
oversold zones and the oscillator diverges with a higher low and begins to rise.
A bearish signal happen when the price action develops a higher high into
overbought zones and the oscillator diverges with a lower high and begins to
fall.
EXAMPLE AdOsc(high, low, close, volume, 3, 10)
 [TOP]

1.9.5 Adx (0)

ADX Indicators
Average Directional Movement Index

SYNTAX Adx( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Directional Movement Index
ADDITIONAL The ADX is a Welles Wilder style moving average of the Directional
INFO Movement Index (DX).
To interpret the ADX, consider a high number to be a strong trend, and a low
number, a weak trend.
EXAMPLE Adx(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.6 Adx (1)

ADX Indicators
Average Directional Movement Index

SYNTAX Adx( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Directional Movement Index
ADDITIONAL The ADX is a Welles Wilder style moving average of the Directional
INFO Movement Index (DX).
To interpret the ADX, consider a high number to be a strong trend, and a low
number, a weak trend.
EXAMPLE Adx(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.7 Adxr (0)

ADXR Indicators
Average Directional Movement Index Rating

SYNTAX Adxr( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Directional Movement Index Rating
ADDITIONAL The ADXR is the average of the two ADX values.
INFO The ADXR smoothes the ADX, and is therefore less responsive, however, the
ADXR filters out excessive tops and bottoms.
High ADXR value is bullish while low values is bearish.
EXAMPLE Adxr(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.8 Adxr (1)

ADXR Indicators
Average Directional Movement Index Rating

SYNTAX Adxr( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Directional Movement Index Rating
ADDITIONAL The ADXR is the average of the two ADX values.
INFO The ADXR smoothes the ADX, and is therefore less responsive, however, the
ADXR filters out excessive tops and bottoms.
High ADXR value is bullish while low values is bearish.
EXAMPLE Adxr(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.9 Apo (0)

APO Indicators
Absolute Price Oscillator

SYNTAX Apo( ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Absolute Price Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Price Oscillator shows the difference between two moving averages. The
INFO Price Oscillator can use any time periods, unlike MACD indicator.
A buy signal is generate when the Price Oscillator rises above zero, and a sell
signal when the it falls below zero.
EXAMPLE Apo(3, 10, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.10 Apo (1)

APO Indicators
Absolute Price Oscillator

SYNTAX Apo( ARRAY high, ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Absolute Price Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Price Oscillator shows the difference between two moving averages. The
INFO Price Oscillator can use any time periods, unlike MACD indicator.
A buy signal is generate when the Price Oscillator rises above zero, and a sell
signal when the it falls below zero.
EXAMPLE Apo(high, 3, 10, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.11 AroonDown (0)

AROONDOWN Indicators
Aroon Down

SYNTAX AroonDown( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Down
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonDown(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.12 AroonDown (1)

AROONDOWN Indicators
Aroon Down

SYNTAX AroonDown( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Down
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonDown(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.13 AroonOsc (0)

AROONOSC Indicators
Aroon Oscillator

SYNTAX AroonOsc( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Oscillator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonOsc(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.14 AroonOsc (1)

AROONOSC Indicators
Aroon Oscillator

SYNTAX AroonOsc( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Oscillator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonOsc(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.15 AroonUp (0)

AROONUP Indicators
Aroon Up

SYNTAX AroonUp( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Up
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonUp(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.16 AroonUp (1)

AROONUP Indicators
Aroon Up

SYNTAX AroonUp( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Aroon Up
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AroonUp(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.17 Atr (0)

ATR Indicators
Average True Range

SYNTAX Atr( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average True Range
ADDITIONAL The ATR is a measure of volatility. High ATR values indicate high volatility,
INFO and low values indicate low volatility.
EXAMPLE Atr(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.18 Atr (1)

ATR Indicators
Average True Range

SYNTAX Atr( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average True Range
ADDITIONAL The ATR is a measure of volatility. High ATR values indicate high volatility,
INFO and low values indicate low volatility.
EXAMPLE Atr(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.19 AvgPrice (0)

AVGPRICE Indicators
Average Price

SYNTAX AvgPrice()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Price
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AvgPrice()
 [TOP]

1.9.20 AvgPrice (1)

AVGPRICE Indicators
Average Price

SYNTAX AvgPrice( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Average Price
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AvgPrice(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.9.21 BbandsLower (0)

BBANDSLOWER Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Lower band)

SYNTAX BbandsLower( ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY nbdevdown, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Lower band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsLower(14, 2, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.22 BbandsLower (1)

BBANDSLOWER Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Lower band)

SYNTAX BbandsLower( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY nbdevdown,

ENUM movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Lower band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsLower(close, 15, 2, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.23 BbandsMiddle (0)

BBANDSMIDDLE Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Middle band)

SYNTAX BbandsMiddle( ARRAY timeperiod, ENUM movingaveragetype)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Middle band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsMiddle(14, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.24 BbandsMiddle (1)

BBANDSMIDDLE Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Middle band)

SYNTAX BbandsMiddle( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Middle band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsMiddle(close, 15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.25 BbandsUpper (0)

BBANDSUPPER Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Upper band)

SYNTAX BbandsUpper( ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY nbdevup, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Upper band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsUpper(14, 2, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.26 BbandsUpper (1)

BBANDSUPPER Indicators
Bollinger Bands (Upper band)

SYNTAX BbandsUpper( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY nbdevup,

ENUM movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Bollinger Bands (Upper band)
ADDITIONAL Bollinger Bands are plotted at 2 standard deviations above and below a 20-day
INFO exponential moving average. As standard deviation is a measure of volatility,
the bands are self-adjusting: widening during volatile markets and contracting
during calmer periods.
The price are considered "overbought" when they touch the upper band and
"oversold" when they touch the lower band.
Statisticly 95% of price data should fall between the two tranding bands.
A way to use Bollinger Bands is to use the upper and lower bands as price
targets. If prices bounce off the lower band and cross above the 20 day average,
then the upper band becomes the upper price target.
Bollinger Bands was created by John Bollinger.
EXAMPLE BbandsUpper(close, 15, 2, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.27 Bop (0)

BOP Indicators
Balance Of Power

SYNTAX Bop()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Balance Of Power
ADDITIONAL The Balance of Market Power is an oscillator and supports price divergence,
INFO trends, and overbought-oversold levels. It can also help to determine market
trends.
This indicator measures the velocity of the price trend.
EXAMPLE Bop()
 [TOP]

1.9.28 Bop (1)

BOP Indicators
Balance Of Power

SYNTAX Bop( ARRAY open, ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Balance Of Power
ADDITIONAL The Balance of Market Power is an oscillator and supports price divergence,
INFO trends, and overbought-oversold levels. It can also help to determine market
trends.
This indicator measures the velocity of the price trend.
EXAMPLE Bop(open, high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.9.29 Cci (0)

CCI Indicators
Commodity Channel Index

SYNTAX Cci( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Commodity Channel Index
ADDITIONAL The CCI is designed to detect beginning and ending market trends.
INFO A price correction is expected when CCI is above +100 (overbought) and a
rally when it is below -100 (oversold).
You can also look for price divergence in the CCI.
EXAMPLE Cci(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.30 Cci (1)

CCI Indicators
Commodity Channel Index

SYNTAX Cci( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Commodity Channel Index
ADDITIONAL The CCI is designed to detect beginning and ending market trends.
INFO A price correction is expected when CCI is above +100 (overbought) and a
rally when it is below -100 (oversold).
You can also look for price divergence in the CCI.
EXAMPLE Cci(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.31 Cmo (0)

CMO Indicators
Chande Momentum Oscillator

SYNTAX Cmo( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chande Momentum Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Chande Momentum Indicator is a momentum indicator which use
INFO information from both up and down days.
Bullish when this indicator is below level -50 and bearish when it is above
level +50.
EXAMPLE Cmo(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.32 Cmo (1)

CMO Indicators
Chande Momentum Oscillator

SYNTAX Cmo( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Chande Momentum Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Chande Momentum Indicator is a momentum indicator which use
INFO information from both up and down days.
Bullish when this indicator is below level -50 and bearish when it is above
level +50.
EXAMPLE Cmo(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.33 Correl (0)

CORREL Indicators
Correlation Analysis

SYNTAX Correl( ARRAY array, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Correlation Analysis
ADDITIONAL Correlation Analysis compares two array or two samples of data to show you if
INFO one sample of data can predict the other.
You can analyse coorelation between a stock against another stock or a stock
against an indicator...
Coorrelation between an indicator and a stock.
A value above +0.7 tell you that a change in the indicator will usually predict a
change in the security's price.
A value below -0.7 tell you that a change in the indicator will usually predict a
move of the stock price in the opposite direction.
A value near 0 tell you that there is no relationship between the security's price
and the indicator.
EXAMPLE Correl(close, 100)
 [TOP]

1.9.34 Correl (1)

CORREL Indicators
Correlation Analysis

SYNTAX Correl( ARRAY array, ARRAY array, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Correlation Analysis
ADDITIONAL Correlation Analysis compares two array or two samples of data to show you if
INFO one sample of data can predict the other.
You can analyse coorelation between a stock against another stock or a stock
against an indicator...
Coorrelation between an indicator and a stock.
A value above +0.7 tell you that a change in the indicator will usually predict a
change in the security's price.
A value below -0.7 tell you that a change in the indicator will usually predict a
move of the stock price in the opposite direction.
A value near 0 tell you that there is no relationship between the security's price
and the indicator.
EXAMPLE Correl(close, 0, 100)
 [TOP]

1.9.35 Dema (0)

DEMA Indicators
Double Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Dema( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Double Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The DEMA is a smoothing indicator with less lag than a straight exponential
INFO moving average. DEMA is an acronym for Double Exponential Moving
Average, but the calculation is more complex than just a moving average of a
moving average.
EXAMPLE Dema(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.36 Dema (1)

DEMA Indicators
Double Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Dema( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Double Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The DEMA is a smoothing indicator with less lag than a straight exponential
INFO moving average. DEMA is an acronym for Double Exponential Moving
Average, but the calculation is more complex than just a moving average of a
moving average.
EXAMPLE Dema(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.37 Dx (0)
DX Indicators
Directional Movement Index

SYNTAX Dx( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Directional Movement Index
ADDITIONAL Directional Movement can be used either as a system on its own or as a filter
INFO on a trend-following system.
It help trader find if a particular stock is trending or not.
Two lines are generated in a DMI study, +DI and -DI. The first line measures
positive (upward) movement and the second number measures negative
(downward) movement.
A buy signal is given when the +DI line crosses over the - DI line while a sell
signal is generated when the +DI line crosses below the - DI line.
A low ADX value (generally less than 20) can indicate a non-trending market
with low volumes whereas a cross above 20 may indicate the start of a trend
(either up or down). If the ADX is over 40 and begins to fall, it can indicate the
slowdown of a current trend. This indicator can also be used to identify non-
trending markets, or a deterioration of an ongoing trend.
Directional Movement Index was developed by Welles Wilder and explained in
his book, New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems.
EXAMPLE Dx(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.38 Dx (1)
DX Indicators
Directional Movement Index

SYNTAX Dx( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Directional Movement Index
ADDITIONAL Directional Movement can be used either as a system on its own or as a filter
INFO on a trend-following system.
It help trader find if a particular stock is trending or not.
Two lines are generated in a DMI study, +DI and -DI. The first line measures
positive (upward) movement and the second number measures negative
(downward) movement.
A buy signal is given when the +DI line crosses over the - DI line while a sell
signal is generated when the +DI line crosses below the - DI line.
A low ADX value (generally less than 20) can indicate a non-trending market
with low volumes whereas a cross above 20 may indicate the start of a trend
(either up or down). If the ADX is over 40 and begins to fall, it can indicate the
slowdown of a current trend. This indicator can also be used to identify non-
trending markets, or a deterioration of an ongoing trend.
Directional Movement Index was developed by Welles Wilder and explained in
his book, New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems.
EXAMPLE Dx(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.39 Ema (0)

EMA Indicators
Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Ema( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL In a Simple Moving Average, each value in the time period carries equal
INFO weight, and values outside of the time period are not included in the average.
However, the Exponential Moving Average is a cumulative calculation,
including all data. Past values have a diminishing contribution to the average,
while more recent values have a greater contribution. This method allows the
moving average to be more responsive to changes in the data.
EXAMPLE Ema(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.40 Ema (1)

EMA Indicators
Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Ema( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL In a Simple Moving Average, each value in the time period carries equal
INFO weight, and values outside of the time period are not included in the average.
However, the Exponential Moving Average is a cumulative calculation,
including all data. Past values have a diminishing contribution to the average,
while more recent values have a greater contribution. This method allows the
moving average to be more responsive to changes in the data.
EXAMPLE Ema(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.41 Fama (0)

FAMA Indicators
Following Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Fama( ARRAY fastlimit, ARRAY slowlimit)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Following Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL FAMA stands for Following Adaptive Moving Average, and is a
INFO complimentary indicator to MAMA.
EXAMPLE Fama(0.2, 0.5)
 [TOP]

1.9.42 Fama (1)

FAMA Indicators
Following Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Fama( ARRAY array, ARRAY fastlimit, ARRAY slowlimit)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Following Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL FAMA stands for Following Adaptive Moving Average, and is a
INFO complimentary indicator to MAMA.
EXAMPLE Fama((high + low) / 2, 0.2, 0.5)
 [TOP]

1.9.43 GapDown
GAPDOWN Indicators
Gap Down

SYNTAX GapDown()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1, when a down gap happen
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GapDown()
 [TOP]

1.9.44 GapUp
GAPUP Indicators
Gap Up

SYNTAX GapUp()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1, when an up gap happen
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GapUp()
 [TOP]

1.9.45 Hhv (0)

HHV Indicators
Highest

SYNTAX Hhv( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Highest value over a specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Hhv(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.46 Hhv (1)

HHV Indicators
Highest

SYNTAX Hhv( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Highest value over a specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Hhv(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.47 Ht_Dcperiod (0)

HT_DCPERIOD Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Period

SYNTAX Ht_Dcperiod()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ht_Dcperiod()
 [TOP]

1.9.48 Ht_Dcperiod (1)

HT_DCPERIOD Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Period

SYNTAX Ht_Dcperiod( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ht_Dcperiod(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.49 Ht_Dcphase (0)

HT_DCPHASE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Phase

SYNTAX Ht_Dcphase()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Phase
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. It is meaningful only during a cyclic period of the analytic signal
waveform (price series) being measured. Its transition from 360 degrees to 0
degrees can be used to designate the start of a new cycle. It can also be utilized
to signal the start or end of trending or cyclic periods. Departure from a
constant rate change of phase is a sensitive way to detect the end of a cycle
mode. See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Dcphase()
 [TOP]

1.9.50 Ht_Dcphase (1)

HT_DCPHASE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Phase

SYNTAX Ht_Dcphase( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Dominant Cycle Phase
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. It is meaningful only during a cyclic period of the analytic signal
waveform (price series) being measured. Its transition from 360 degrees to 0
degrees can be used to designate the start of a new cycle. It can also be utilized
to signal the start or end of trending or cyclic periods. Departure from a
constant rate change of phase is a sensitive way to detect the end of a cycle
mode. See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Dcphase(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.51 Ht_Leadsine (0)

HT_LEADSINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - SineWave

SYNTAX Ht_Leadsine()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - SineWave
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. The Hilbert
Transform Lead Sine is just the sine of the DC Phase advanced by 45 degrees.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. The HTLeadSin is the sine of the DC Phase at a specific bar. It is most
often used in conjunction with the HTSin indicator to identify cyclic turning
points. Quoting from Market Mode Strategies.doc by John Ehlers from MESA
Software, "A clear, unequivocal cycle mode indicator can be generated by
plotting the Sine of the measured phase angle advanced by 45 degrees. This
leading signal crosses the sinewave 1/8th of a cycle BEFORE the peaks and
valleys of the cyclic turning points, enabling you to make your trading decision
in time to profit from the entire amplitude swing of the cycle. A significant
additional advantage is that the two indicator lines don't cross except at cyclic
turning points, avoiding the false whipsaw signals of most "oscillators" when
the market is in a Trend Mode. The two lines don't cross because the phase rate
of change is nearly zero in a trend mode. Since the phase is not changing, the
two lines separated by 45 degrees in phase never get the opportunity to cross."
See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Leadsine()
 [TOP]

1.9.52 Ht_Leadsine (1)

HT_LEADSINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - SineWave

SYNTAX Ht_Leadsine( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - SineWave
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. The Hilbert
Transform Lead Sine is just the sine of the DC Phase advanced by 45 degrees.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. The HTLeadSin is the sine of the DC Phase at a specific bar. It is most
often used in conjunction with the HTSin indicator to identify cyclic turning
points. Quoting from Market Mode Strategies.doc by John Ehlers from MESA
Software, "A clear, unequivocal cycle mode indicator can be generated by
plotting the Sine of the measured phase angle advanced by 45 degrees. This
leading signal crosses the sinewave 1/8th of a cycle BEFORE the peaks and
valleys of the cyclic turning points, enabling you to make your trading decision
in time to profit from the entire amplitude swing of the cycle. A significant
additional advantage is that the two indicator lines don't cross except at cyclic
turning points, avoiding the false whipsaw signals of most "oscillators" when
the market is in a Trend Mode. The two lines don't cross because the phase rate
of change is nearly zero in a trend mode. Since the phase is not changing, the
two lines separated by 45 degrees in phase never get the opportunity to cross."
See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Leadsine(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.53 Ht_Phasorphase (0)

HT_PHASORPHASE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Instantaneous Trendline

SYNTAX Ht_Phasorphase()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Instantaneous Trendline
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTInPhase returns the Hilbert Transform generated InPhase component of the
input Price Series.
The InPhase component is used in conjunction with the Quadrature component
to generate the phase of the analytic signal (using the ArcTan function) at a
specific bar or for the entire Price Series.
EXAMPLE Ht_Phasorphase()
 [TOP]

1.9.54 Ht_Phasorphase (1)

HT_PHASORPHASE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Instantaneous Trendline

SYNTAX Ht_Phasorphase( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Instantaneous Trendline
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTInPhase returns the Hilbert Transform generated InPhase component of the
input Price Series.
The InPhase component is used in conjunction with the Quadrature component
to generate the phase of the analytic signal (using the ArcTan function) at a
specific bar or for the entire Price Series.
EXAMPLE Ht_Phasorphase(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.55 Ht_Phasorquadrature (0)

HT_PHASORQUADRATURE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Trend vs Cycle Mode

SYNTAX Ht_Phasorquadrature()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Trend vs Cycle Mode
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTQuadrature returns the Hilbert Transform generated Quadrature component
of the input Price Series.
The Quadrature component is used in conjunction with the InPhase component
to generate the phase of the analytic signal (using the ArcTan function) at a
specific bar or for the entire Price Series.
EXAMPLE Ht_Phasorquadrature()
 [TOP]

1.9.56 Ht_Phasorquadrature (1)

HT_PHASORQUADRATURE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Trend vs Cycle Mode

SYNTAX Ht_Phasorquadrature( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Trend vs Cycle Mode
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTQuadrature returns the Hilbert Transform generated Quadrature component
of the input Price Series.
The Quadrature component is used in conjunction with the InPhase component
to generate the phase of the analytic signal (using the ArcTan function) at a
specific bar or for the entire Price Series.
EXAMPLE Ht_Phasorquadrature(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.57 Ht_Sine (0)

HT_SINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - SineWave

SYNTAX Ht_Sine()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - SineWave
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. The Hilbert
Transform Sine is just the sine of the DC Phase.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. The HTSin is the sine of the DC Phase at a specific bar. It is most often
used in conjunction with the HTLeadSin indicator to identify cyclic turning
points. Quoting from Market Mode Strategies.doc by John Ehlers from MESA
Software, "A clear, unequivocal cycle mode indicator can be generated by
plotting the Sine of the measured phase angle advanced by 45 degrees. This
leading signal crosses the sinewave 1/8th of a cycle BEFORE the peaks and
valleys of the cyclic turning points, enabling you to make your trading decision
in time to profit from the entire amplitude swing of the cycle. A significant
additional advantage is that the two indicator lines don't cross except at cyclic
turning points, avoiding the false whipsaw signals of most "oscillators" when
the market is in a Trend Mode. The two lines don't cross because the phase rate
of change is nearly zero in a trend mode. Since the phase is not changing, the
two lines separated by 45 degrees in phase never get the opportunity to cross."
EXAMPLE Ht_Sine()
 [TOP]

1.9.58 Ht_Sine (1)

HT_SINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - SineWave

SYNTAX Ht_Sine( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - SineWave
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude..
HTDCPhase returns the Hilbert Transform Phase of the Dominant Cycle. The
Dominant Cycle Phase lies in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. The Hilbert
Transform Sine is just the sine of the DC Phase.
The DC Phase at a specific bar gives the phase position from 0 to 360 degrees
within the current Hilbert Transform Period instantaneously measured at that
bar. The HTSin is the sine of the DC Phase at a specific bar. It is most often
used in conjunction with the HTLeadSin indicator to identify cyclic turning
points. Quoting from Market Mode Strategies.doc by John Ehlers from MESA
Software, "A clear, unequivocal cycle mode indicator can be generated by
plotting the Sine of the measured phase angle advanced by 45 degrees. This
leading signal crosses the sinewave 1/8th of a cycle BEFORE the peaks and
valleys of the cyclic turning points, enabling you to make your trading decision
in time to profit from the entire amplitude swing of the cycle. A significant
additional advantage is that the two indicator lines don't cross except at cyclic
turning points, avoiding the false whipsaw signals of most "oscillators" when
the market is in a Trend Mode. The two lines don't cross because the phase rate
of change is nearly zero in a trend mode. Since the phase is not changing, the
two lines separated by 45 degrees in phase never get the opportunity to cross."
EXAMPLE Ht_Sine(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.59 Ht_Trendline (0)

HT_TRENDLINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components

SYNTAX Ht_Trendline()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTTrendline (or MESA Instantaneous Trendline) returns the Price Series value
after the Dominant Cycle of the analytic signal as generated by the Hilbert
Transform has been removed. The Dominant Cycle can be thought of as being
the "most likely" period (in the range of 10 to 40) of a sine function of the Price
Series.
The HTTrendline at a specific bar gives the current Hilbert Transform
Trendline as instantaneously measured at that bar. In its Series form, the
Instantaneous Trendline appears much like a Moving Average, but with
minimal lag compared with the lag normally associated with such averages for
equivalent periods. The HTTrendline is formed by removing the Dominant
Cycle from the Price Series. See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Trendline()
 [TOP]

1.9.60 Ht_Trendline (1)

HT_TRENDLINE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components

SYNTAX Ht_Trendline( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components
ADDITIONAL The Hilbert Transform is a technique used to generate inphase and quadrature
INFO components of a de-trended real-valued "analytic-like" signal (such as a Price
Series) in order to analyze variations of the instantaneous phase and amplitude.
HTTrendline (or MESA Instantaneous Trendline) returns the Price Series value
after the Dominant Cycle of the analytic signal as generated by the Hilbert
Transform has been removed. The Dominant Cycle can be thought of as being
the "most likely" period (in the range of 10 to 40) of a sine function of the Price
Series.
The HTTrendline at a specific bar gives the current Hilbert Transform
Trendline as instantaneously measured at that bar. In its Series form, the
Instantaneous Trendline appears much like a Moving Average, but with
minimal lag compared with the lag normally associated with such averages for
equivalent periods. The HTTrendline is formed by removing the Dominant
Cycle from the Price Series. See the examples.
EXAMPLE Ht_Trendline(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.61 Ht_Trendmode (0)

HT_TRENDMODE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components

SYNTAX Ht_Trendmode()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ht_Trendmode()
 [TOP]

1.9.62 Ht_Trendmode (1)

HT_TRENDMODE Indicators
Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components

SYNTAX Ht_Trendmode( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Hilbert Transform - Phasor Components
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ht_Trendmode(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.63 Inside
INSIDE Indicators
Inside

SYNTAX Inside()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1, when an inside day occurs
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Inside()
 [TOP]

1.9.64 Kama (0)

KAMA Indicators
Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Kama( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL KAMA is an adaptive moving average, and uses the noise level of the market
INFO to determine the length of the trend required to calculate the average.
EXAMPLE Kama(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.65 Kama (1)

KAMA Indicators
Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Kama( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL KAMA is an adaptive moving average, and uses the noise level of the market
INFO to determine the length of the trend required to calculate the average.
EXAMPLE Kama(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.66 LinearReg (0)

LINEARREG Indicators
Linear Regression

SYNTAX LinearReg( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression
ADDITIONAL In statistics, linear regression is a regression method of modeling the
INFO conditional expected value of one variable y given the values of some other
variable or variables x.
EXAMPLE LinearReg(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.67 LinearReg (1)

LINEARREG Indicators
Linear Regression

SYNTAX LinearReg( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression
ADDITIONAL In statistics, linear regression is a regression method of modeling the
INFO conditional expected value of one variable y given the values of some other
variable or variables x.
EXAMPLE LinearReg(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.68 LinearReg_Angle (0)

LINEARREG_ANGLE Indicators
Linear Regression Angle

SYNTAX LinearReg_Angle( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Angle
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Angle(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.69 LinearReg_Angle (1)

LINEARREG_ANGLE Indicators
Linear Regression Angle

SYNTAX LinearReg_Angle( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Angle
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Angle(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.70 LinearReg_Intercept (0)

LINEARREG_INTERCEPT Indicators
Linear Regression Intercept

SYNTAX LinearReg_Intercept( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Intercept
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Intercept(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.71 LinearReg_Intercept (1)

LINEARREG_INTERCEPT Indicators
Linear Regression Intercept

SYNTAX LinearReg_Intercept( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Intercept
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Intercept(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.72 LinearReg_Slope (0)

LINEARREG_SLOPE Indicators
Linear Regression Slope

SYNTAX LinearReg_Slope( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Slope
ADDITIONAL Linear Regression Slope returns the slope of the Linear Regression line of the
INFO specified period.
It return the slope of a line that best fits the stock price over the specified
period.
Linear Regression Slope indicator is a statistical indicator.
An up sloping Linear Regression line indicates that prices have been rising
while a down sloping line indicates that prices have been falling.
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Slope(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.73 LinearReg_Slope (1)

LINEARREG_SLOPE Indicators
Linear Regression Slope

SYNTAX LinearReg_Slope( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Linear Regression Slope
ADDITIONAL Linear Regression Slope returns the slope of the Linear Regression line of the
INFO specified period.
It return the slope of a line that best fits the stock price over the specified
period.
Linear Regression Slope indicator is a statistical indicator.
An up sloping Linear Regression line indicates that prices have been rising
while a down sloping line indicates that prices have been falling.
EXAMPLE LinearReg_Slope(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.74 Llv (0)

LLV Indicators
Lowest

SYNTAX Llv( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Lowest value over a specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Llv(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.75 Llv (1)

LLV Indicators
Lowest

SYNTAX Llv( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Lowest value over a specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Llv(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.76 Ma (0)
MA Indicators
Moving Average

SYNTAX Ma( ARRAY timeperiod, ENUM movingaveragetype)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Moving Average
ADDITIONAL Differents type of moving average :
INFO Double Exponential Moving Average
Exponential Moving Average
Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average
MESA Adaptive Moving Average
Simple Moving Average
T3
Triple Exponential Moving Average
Triangular Moving Average
Weighted Moving Average
EXAMPLE Ma(15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.77 Ma (1)
MA Indicators
Moving Average

SYNTAX Ma( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ENUM movingaveragetype)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION All Moving Average
ADDITIONAL Differents type of moving average :
INFO Double Exponential Moving Average
Exponential Moving Average
Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average
MESA Adaptive Moving Average
Simple Moving Average
T3
Triple Exponential Moving Average
Triangular Moving Average
Weighted Moving Average
EXAMPLE Ma(close, 14, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.78 Macd (0)

MACD Indicators
Moving Average Convergence/Divergence

SYNTAX Macd()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Moving Average Convergence/Divergence
ADDITIONAL MACD returns the Moving Average Convergence Divergence indicator.
INFO MACD is a momentum oscillator, yet its primary use is to trade trends.
MACD has two lines, one called MACD line or fast line and the other MACD
signal or slow line.
Differents interpretation can be made using MACD.
EXAMPLE Macd()
 [TOP]

1.9.79 Macd (1)

MACD Indicators
Moving Average Convergence/Divergence

SYNTAX Macd( ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Moving Average Convergence/Divergence
ADDITIONAL MACD returns the Moving Average Convergence Divergence indicator.
INFO MACD is a momentum oscillator, yet its primary use is to trade trends.
MACD has two lines, one called MACD line or fast line and the other MACD
signal or slow line.
Differents interpretation can be made using MACD.
EXAMPLE Macd(close)
 [TOP]

1.9.80 MacdExt (0)

MACDEXT Indicators
MACD with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExt( ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM fastmovingaveragetype, ARRAY

slowperiod, ENUM slowmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL MACD returns the Moving Average Convergence Divergence indicator.
INFO MACD is a momentum oscillator, yet its primary use is to trade trends.
MACD has two lines, one called MACD line or fast line and the other MACD
signal or slow line.
Moving Average Convergence/Divergence with controllable MA type let you
choose the Moving average type to use in MACD calculations.
EXAMPLE MacdExt(5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.81 MacdExt (1)

MACDEXT Indicators
MACD with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExt( ARRAY close, ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM

fastmovingaveragetype, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM
slowmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL MACD returns the Moving Average Convergence Divergence indicator.
INFO MACD is a momentum oscillator, yet its primary use is to trade trends.
MACD has two lines, one called MACD line or fast line and the other MACD
signal or slow line.
Moving Average Convergence/Divergence with controllable MA type let you
choose the Moving average type to use in MACD calculations.
EXAMPLE MacdExt(close, 5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.82 MacdExtHist (0)

MACDEXTHIST Indicators
MACD Historigramme with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExtHist( ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM fastmovingaveragetype,

ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM slowmovingaveragetype, ARRAY
signalperiod, ENUM signalmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Historigramme with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL The MACD Histogram show the divergence between the MACD and its
INFO reference line (the 9-day Exponential Moving Average).
The MACD Histogram with controllable MA type let you choose the Moving
average type to use in MACD Histogram calculations.
EXAMPLE MacdExtHist(5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma, 15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.83 MacdExtHist (1)

MACDEXTHIST Indicators
MACD Historigramme with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExtHist( ARRAY close, ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM

fastmovingaveragetype, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM
slowmovingaveragetype, ARRAY signalperiod, ENUM
signalmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Historigramme with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL The MACD Histogram show the divergence between the MACD and its
INFO reference line (the 9-day Exponential Moving Average).
The MACD Histogram with controllable MA type let you choose the Moving
average type to use in MACD Histogram calculations.
EXAMPLE MacdExtHist(close, 5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma, 15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.84 MacdExtSignal (0)

MACDEXTSIGNAL Indicators
MACD Signal with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExtSignal( ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM fastmovingaveragetype,

ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM slowmovingaveragetype, ARRAY
signalperiod, ENUM signalmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Signal with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE MacdExtSignal(5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma, 15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.85 MacdExtSignal (1)

MACDEXTSIGNAL Indicators
MACD Signal with controllable MA type

SYNTAX MacdExtSignal( ARRAY close, ARRAY fastperiod, ENUM

fastmovingaveragetype, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM
slowmovingaveragetype, ARRAY signalperiod, ENUM
signalmovingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Signal with controllable MA type
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE MacdExtSignal(close, 5, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma, 15, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.86 MacdHist (0)

MACDHIST Indicators
MACD Historigramme

SYNTAX MacdHist( ARRAY signalperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Historigramme
ADDITIONAL The MACD Histogram show the divergence between the MACD and its
INFO reference line (the 9-day Exponential Moving Average).
EXAMPLE MacdHist(15)
 [TOP]

1.9.87 MacdHist (1)

MACDHIST Indicators
MACD Historigramme

SYNTAX MacdHist( ARRAY close, ARRAY signalperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Historigramme
ADDITIONAL The MACD Histogram show the divergence between the MACD and its
INFO reference line (the 9-day Exponential Moving Average).
EXAMPLE MacdHist(close, 15)
 [TOP]

1.9.88 MacdSignal (0)

MACDSIGNAL Indicators
MACD Signal

SYNTAX MacdSignal( ARRAY signalperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Signal
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE MacdSignal(15)
 [TOP]

1.9.89 MacdSignal (1)

MACDSIGNAL Indicators
MACD Signal

SYNTAX MacdSignal( ARRAY close, ARRAY signalperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MACD Signal
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE MacdSignal(close, 15)
 [TOP]

1.9.90 Mama (0)

MAMA Indicators
MESA Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Mama( ARRAY fastlimit, ARRAY slowlimit)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MESA Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL MAMA stands for MESA Adaptive Moving Average.
INFO
EXAMPLE Mama(0.2, 0.5)
 [TOP]

1.9.91 Mama (1)

MAMA Indicators
MESA Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX Mama( ARRAY array, ARRAY fastlimit, ARRAY slowlimit)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MESA Adaptive Moving Average
ADDITIONAL MAMA stands for MESA Adaptive Moving Average.
INFO
EXAMPLE Mama((high + low) / 2, 0.2, 0.5)
 [TOP]

1.9.92 MedPrice (0)

MEDPRICE Indicators
Median Price

SYNTAX MedPrice()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Median Price
ADDITIONAL The Median Price function calculates the midpoint between the high and low
INFO prices for the day.
The median price (called also mean or average price) provides a simplified
view of the trading prices for the day.
EXAMPLE MedPrice()
 [TOP]

1.9.93 MedPrice (1)

MEDPRICE Indicators
Median Price

SYNTAX MedPrice( ARRAY high, ARRAY low)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Median Price
ADDITIONAL The Median Price function calculates the midpoint between the high and low
INFO prices for the day.
The median price (called also mean or average price) provides a simplified
view of the trading prices for the day.
EXAMPLE MedPrice(high, low)
 [TOP]

1.9.94 Mfi (0)

MFI Indicators
Money Flow Index

SYNTAX Mfi( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Money Flow Index
ADDITIONAL The Money Flow Index is another momentum indicator illustrating the strength
INFO of money flowing into and out of a security.
The essentiel difference between the Money Flow and others momentum
indicator is that the money flow incorporates volume in addition to pricing
information.
EXAMPLE Mfi(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.95 Mfi (1)

MFI Indicators
Money Flow Index

SYNTAX Mfi( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY volume, ARRAY
timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Money Flow Index
ADDITIONAL The Money Flow Index is another momentum indicator illustrating the strength
INFO of money flowing into and out of a security.
The essentiel difference between the Money Flow and others momentum
indicator is that the money flow incorporates volume in addition to pricing
information.
EXAMPLE Mfi(high, low, close, volume, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.96 MidPoint (0)

MIDPOINT Indicators
MidPoint

SYNTAX MidPoint( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MidPoint over period
ADDITIONAL Simply (highest value + lowest value)/2.
INFO
EXAMPLE MidPoint(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.97 MidPoint (1)

MIDPOINT Indicators
MidPoint

SYNTAX MidPoint( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MidPoint over period
ADDITIONAL Simply (highest value + lowest value)/2.
INFO
EXAMPLE MidPoint(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.98 MidPrice (0)

MIDPRICE Indicators
MidPoint Price

SYNTAX MidPrice( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MidPoint Price over period
ADDITIONAL Midpoint Price over period
INFO Simply (highest high + lowest low)/2
EXAMPLE MidPrice(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.99 MidPrice (1)

MIDPRICE Indicators
MidPoint Price

SYNTAX MidPrice( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION MidPoint Price over period
ADDITIONAL Midpoint Price over period
INFO Simply (highest high + lowest low)/2
EXAMPLE MidPrice(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.100 Minus_Di (0)

MINUS_DI Indicators
Minus Directional Indicator

SYNTAX Minus_Di( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Minus Directional Indicator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Minus_Di(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.101 Minus_Di (1)

MINUS_DI Indicators
Minus Directional Indicator

SYNTAX Minus_Di( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY

timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Minus Directional Indicator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Minus_Di(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.102 Minus_Dm (0)

MINUS_DM Indicators
Minus Directional Movement

SYNTAX Minus_Dm( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Minus Directional Movement
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Minus_Dm(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.103 Minus_Dm (1)

MINUS_DM Indicators
Minus Directional Movement

SYNTAX Minus_Dm( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Minus Directional Movement
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Minus_Dm(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.104 Mom (0)

MOM Indicators
Momentum

SYNTAX Mom( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Momentum
ADDITIONAL The Momentum indicator provides an indication of a market's velocity
INFO The Momentum indicator is used as a trend-following oscillator similar to the
MACD
This indicator is bullish when it bottoms and turns up and bearish when it
peaks and turns down.
EXAMPLE Mom(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.105 Mom (1)

MOM Indicators
Momentum

SYNTAX Mom( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Momentum
ADDITIONAL The Momentum indicator provides an indication of a market's velocity
INFO The Momentum indicator is used as a trend-following oscillator similar to the
MACD
This indicator is bullish when it bottoms and turns up and bearish when it
peaks and turns down.
EXAMPLE Mom(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.106 Natr (0)

NATR Indicators
Normalized Average True Range

SYNTAX Natr( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Normalized Average True Range
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Natr(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.107 Natr (1)

NATR Indicators
Normalized Average True Range

SYNTAX Natr( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Normalized Average True Range
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Natr(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.108 Obv (0)

OBV Indicators
On Balance Volume

SYNTAX Obv()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION On Balance Volume
ADDITIONAL On Balance Volume is a momentum indicator that relates volume to price
INFO change.
On Balance Volume keeps a running total of volume flowing into or out of a
security.
When the security closes higher than the previous close, all of the day's volume
is considered up-volume.
A close lower than the previous day's results in all of the day's volume
considered down-volume.
Rising trends is considered bullish, while falling trends is bearish.
EXAMPLE Obv()
 [TOP]

1.9.109 Obv (1)

OBV Indicators
On Balance Volume

SYNTAX Obv( ARRAY close, ARRAY volume)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION On Balance Volume
ADDITIONAL On Balance Volume is a momentum indicator that relates volume to price
INFO change.
On Balance Volume keeps a running total of volume flowing into or out of a
security.
When the security closes higher than the previous close, all of the day's volume
is considered up-volume.
A close lower than the previous day's results in all of the day's volume
considered down-volume.
Rising trends is considered bullish, while falling trends is bearish.
EXAMPLE Obv(close, volume)
 [TOP]

1.9.110 Outside
OUTSIDE Indicators
Outside

SYNTAX Outside()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1, when an outside day occurs
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Outside()
 [TOP]

1.9.111 Plus_Di (0)

PLUS_DI Indicators
Plus Directional Indicator

SYNTAX Plus_Di( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Plus Directional Indicator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plus_Di(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.112 Plus_Di (1)

PLUS_DI Indicators
Plus Directional Indicator

SYNTAX Plus_Di( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Plus Directional Indicator
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plus_Di(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.113 Plus_Dm (0)

PLUS_DM Indicators
Plus Directional Movement

SYNTAX Plus_Dm( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Plus Directional Movement
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plus_Dm(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.114 Plus_Dm (1)

PLUS_DM Indicators
Plus Directional Movement

SYNTAX Plus_Dm( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Plus Directional Movement
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Plus_Dm(high, low, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.115 Ppo (0)

PPO Indicators
Percentage Price Oscillator

SYNTAX Ppo( ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Percentage Price Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Percentage Price Oscillator indicator shows the variation in percentage
INFO among two moving averages for the price of a security.
When the short-term moving average or price rises above the longer-term
moving average it is considered bullish.
Bearish for the opposite (Short-term moving average or price drop below the
longer-term moving average).
EXAMPLE Ppo(3, 10, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.116 Ppo (1)

PPO Indicators
Percentage Price Oscillator

SYNTAX Ppo( ARRAY close, ARRAY fastperiod, ARRAY slowperiod, ENUM

movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Percentage Price Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Percentage Price Oscillator indicator shows the variation in percentage
INFO among two moving averages for the price of a security.
When the short-term moving average or price rises above the longer-term
moving average it is considered bullish.
Bearish for the opposite (Short-term moving average or price drop below the
longer-term moving average).
EXAMPLE Ppo(close, 3, 10, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.117 Roc (0)

ROC Indicators
Rate of change

SYNTAX Roc( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change is an oscillator that displays the difference between the
INFO current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : ((price/prevPrice)-1)*100
EXAMPLE Roc(14)
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1.9.118 Roc (1)

ROC Indicators
Rate of change

SYNTAX Roc( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change is an oscillator that displays the difference between the
INFO current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : ((price/prevPrice)-1)*100
EXAMPLE Roc(close, 14)
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1.9.119 Rocp (0)

ROCP Indicators
Rate of change Percentage

SYNTAX Rocp( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change Percentage
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change Percentage is an oscillator that displays the difference in
INFO percentage between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price-prevPrice)/prevPrice
EXAMPLE Rocp(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.120 Rocp (1)

ROCP Indicators
Rate of change Percentage

SYNTAX Rocp( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change Percentage
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change Percentage is an oscillator that displays the difference in
INFO percentage between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price-prevPrice)/prevPrice
EXAMPLE Rocp(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.121 Rocr100 (0)

ROCR100 Indicators
Rate of change ratio (scale 100)

SYNTAX Rocr100( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change ratio (scale 100)
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change ratio 100 scale is an oscillator that displays the difference
INFO (in a scale of 100) between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price/prevPrice)*100
EXAMPLE Rocr100(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.122 Rocr100 (1)

ROCR100 Indicators
Rate of change ratio (scale 100)

SYNTAX Rocr100( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change ratio (scale 100)
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change ratio 100 scale is an oscillator that displays the difference
INFO (in a scale of 100) between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price/prevPrice)*100
EXAMPLE Rocr100(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.123 Rocr (0)

ROCR Indicators
Rate of change ratio

SYNTAX Rocr( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change ratio
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change ratio is an oscillator that displays the difference (ratio)
INFO between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price/prevPrice)
EXAMPLE Rocr(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.124 Rocr (1)

ROCR Indicators
Rate of change ratio

SYNTAX Rocr( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Rate of change ratio
ADDITIONAL The Rate of Change ratio is an oscillator that displays the difference (ratio)
INFO between the current price and the price x-time periods ago.
The Rate of change indicator show overbought/oversold areas like many others
indicators.
Overbought means that the stock price is expected to fall while oversold means
that the stock price is expected to fall.
But, often extremely overbought/oversold readings usually imply a
continuation of the current trend.
Formula : (price/prevPrice)
EXAMPLE Rocr(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.125 Rsi (0)

RSI Indicators
Relative Strength Index

SYNTAX Rsi( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Relative Strength Index
ADDITIONAL The Wilder's Relative Strength Index is a rate of change oscillator.
INFO Relative Strength Index does not compare the relative performance of one
stock to another, instead it compares the price of a stock to itself.
A reading of 70% or higher is generally an overbought position. Conversely,
values near the 30% level should be considered an indication the situation has
become oversold.
When the stock price is trending, use Relative Strength Index to trade strictly
with the trend.
The Wilder's Relative Strength Index was developed by J. Welles Wilder, Jr.
EXAMPLE Rsi(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.126 Rsi (1)

RSI Indicators
Relative Strength Index

SYNTAX Rsi( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Relative Strength Index
ADDITIONAL The Wilder's Relative Strength Index is a rate of change oscillator.
INFO Relative Strength Index does not compare the relative performance of one
stock to another, instead it compares the price of a stock to itself.
A reading of 70% or higher is generally an overbought position. Conversely,
values near the 30% level should be considered an indication the situation has
become oversold.
When the stock price is trending, use Relative Strength Index to trade strictly
with the trend.
The Wilder's Relative Strength Index was developed by J. Welles Wilder, Jr.
EXAMPLE Rsi(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.127 Sar (0)

SAR Indicators
Parabolic SAR

SYNTAX Sar( ARRAY acceleration, ARRAY maximum)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Parabolic SAR
ADDITIONAL The Parabolic SAR sets trailing price stops for long or short positions
INFO Parabolic SAR was described by Welles Wilder in his 1978 book, "New
Concepts in Technical Trading Systems".
EXAMPLE Sar(0.02, 0.2)
 [TOP]

1.9.128 Sar (1)

SAR Indicators
Parabolic SAR

SYNTAX Sar( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY acceleration, ARRAY

maximum)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Parabolic SAR
ADDITIONAL The Parabolic SAR sets trailing price stops for long or short positions
INFO Parabolic SAR was described by Welles Wilder in his 1978 book, "New
Concepts in Technical Trading Systems".
EXAMPLE Sar(high, low, 0.02, 0.2)
 [TOP]

1.9.129 SarExt (0)

SAREXT Indicators
Parabolic SAR - Extended

SYNTAX SarExt( ARRAY startvalue, ARRAY offsetonreverse, ARRAY

accelerationinitlong, ARRAY accelerationlong, ARRAY
accelerationmaxlong, ARRAY accelerationinitshort, ARRAY
accelerationshort, ARRAY accelerationmaxshort)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Parabolic SAR - Extended
ADDITIONAL The Parabolic SAR sets trailing price stops for long or short positions
INFO Parabolic SAR was described by Welles Wilder in his 1978 book, "New
Concepts in Technical Trading Systems".
EXAMPLE SarExt(0, 0, 0.02, 0.02, 0.2, 0.02, 0.02, 0.2)
 [TOP]

1.9.130 SarExt (1)

SAREXT Indicators
Parabolic SAR - Extended

SYNTAX SarExt( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY startvalue, ARRAY

offsetonreverse, ARRAY accelerationinitlong, ARRAY accelerationlong,
ARRAY accelerationmaxlong, ARRAY accelerationinitshort, ARRAY
accelerationshort, ARRAY accelerationmaxshort)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Parabolic SAR - Extended
ADDITIONAL The Parabolic SAR sets trailing price stops for long or short positions
INFO Parabolic SAR was described by Welles Wilder in his 1978 book, "New
Concepts in Technical Trading Systems".
EXAMPLE SarExt(high, low, 0, 0, 0.02, 0.02, 0.2, 0.02, 0.02, 0.2)
 [TOP]

1.9.131 Sma (0)

SMA Indicators
Simple Moving Average

SYNTAX Sma( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Simple Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The Simple Moving Average is calculated by summing the closing prices of the
INFO security for a period of time and then dividing this total by the number of time
periods. the SMA is basically the average stock price over time.
One of the moving average use is to show the trend direction of a security
price.
EXAMPLE Sma(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.132 Sma (1)

SMA Indicators
Simple Moving Average

SYNTAX Sma( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Simple Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The Simple Moving Average is calculated by summing the closing prices of the
INFO security for a period of time and then dividing this total by the number of time
periods. the SMA is basically the average stock price over time.
One of the moving average use is to show the trend direction of a security
price.
EXAMPLE Sma(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.133 Stddev (0)

STDDEV Indicators
Standard Deviation

SYNTAX Stddev( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Standard Deviation
ADDITIONAL Standard Deviation is a statistical measurement of volatility. It measures how
INFO widely values range from the average value.
High standard deviation means high volatility and large difference between the
closing prices and the average closing price.
EXAMPLE Stddev(100)
 [TOP]

1.9.134 Stddev (1)

STDDEV Indicators
Standard Deviation

SYNTAX Stddev( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Standard Deviation
ADDITIONAL Standard Deviation is a statistical measurement of volatility. It measures how
INFO widely values range from the average value.
High standard deviation means high volatility and large difference between the
closing prices and the average closing price.
EXAMPLE Stddev(close, 100)
 [TOP]

1.9.135 StochFastd (0)

STOCHFASTD Indicators
Stochastic Fast D

SYNTAX StochFastd( ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY fastd_period, ENUM

fastd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Fast D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochFastd(5, 5, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.136 StochFastd (1)

STOCHFASTD Indicators
Stochastic Fast D

SYNTAX StochFastd( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY

fastk_period, ARRAY fastd_period, ENUM fastd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Fast D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochFastd(high, low, close, 5, 5, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.137 StochFastk (0)

STOCHFASTK Indicators
Stochastic Fast K

SYNTAX StochFastk( ARRAY fastk_period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Fast K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochFastk(5)
 [TOP]

1.9.138 StochFastk (1)

STOCHFASTK Indicators
Stochastic Fast K

SYNTAX StochFastk( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY

fastk_period)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Fast K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochFastk(high, low, close, 5)
 [TOP]

1.9.139 StochRsiFastd (0)

STOCHRSIFASTD Indicators
Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast D

SYNTAX StochRsiFastd( ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY

fastd_period, ENUM fastd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochRsiFastd(15, 5, 5, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.140 StochRsiFastd (1)

STOCHRSIFASTD Indicators
Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast D

SYNTAX StochRsiFastd( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY fastk_period,

ARRAY fastd_period, ENUM fastd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochRsiFastd(close, 15, 5, 5, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.141 StochRsiFastk (0)

STOCHRSIFASTK Indicators
Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast K

SYNTAX StochRsiFastk( ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY fastk_period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochRsiFastk(15, 5)
 [TOP]

1.9.142 StochRsiFastk (1)

STOCHRSIFASTK Indicators
Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast K

SYNTAX StochRsiFastk( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY fastk_period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Relative Strength Index Fast K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochRsiFastk(close, 15, 5)
 [TOP]

1.9.143 StochSlowd (0)

STOCHSLOWD Indicators
Stochastic Slow D

SYNTAX StochSlowd( ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY slowk_period, ENUM

slowk_movingaveragetype, ARRAY slowd_period, ENUM
slowd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Slow D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochSlowd(5, 3, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.144 StochSlowd (1)

STOCHSLOWD Indicators
Stochastic Slow D

SYNTAX StochSlowd( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY volume,
ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY slowk_period, ENUM
slowk_movingaveragetype, ARRAY slowd_period, ENUM
slowd_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Slow D
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochSlowd(high, low, close, volume, 5, 3, _MaSma, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.145 StochSlowk (0)

STOCHSLOWK Indicators
Stochastic Slow K

SYNTAX StochSlowk( ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY slowk_period, ENUM

slowk_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Slow K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochSlowk(5, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.146 StochSlowk (1)

STOCHSLOWK Indicators
Stochastic Slow K

SYNTAX StochSlowk( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY volume,
ARRAY fastk_period, ARRAY slowk_period, ENUM
slowk_movingaveragetype)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Stochastic Slow K
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StochSlowk(high, low, close, volume, 5, 3, _MaSma)
 [TOP]

1.9.147 T3 (0)
T3 Indicators
Triple Exponential Moving Average (T3)

SYNTAX T3( ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY vfactor)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triple Exponential Moving Average (T3)
ADDITIONAL The T3 is a type of moving average, or smoothing function. It use the DEMA
INFO in its calculations; the DEMA which use the MA in its proper calculations.
EXAMPLE T3(14, 1)
 [TOP]

1.9.148 T3 (1)
T3 Indicators
Triple Exponential Moving Average (T3)

SYNTAX T3( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod, ARRAY vfactor)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triple Exponential Moving Average (T3)
ADDITIONAL The T3 is a type of moving average, or smoothing function. It use the DEMA
INFO in its calculations; the DEMA which use the MA in its proper calculations.
EXAMPLE T3(close, 14, 1)
 [TOP]

1.9.149 Tema (0)

TEMA Indicators
Triple Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Tema( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triple Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The TEMA is a smoothing indicator with less lag than a straight exponential
INFO moving average.
EXAMPLE Tema(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.150 Tema (1)

TEMA Indicators
Triple Exponential Moving Average

SYNTAX Tema( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triple Exponential Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The TEMA is a smoothing indicator with less lag than a straight exponential
INFO moving average.
EXAMPLE Tema(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.151 Trange (0)

TRANGE Indicators
True Range

SYNTAX Trange()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION True Range
ADDITIONAL The True Range function is used to determine the normal trading range of a
INFO stock or commodity.
EXAMPLE Trange()
 [TOP]

1.9.152 Trange (1)

TRANGE Indicators
True Range

SYNTAX Trange( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION True Range
ADDITIONAL The True Range function is used to determine the normal trading range of a
INFO stock or commodity.
EXAMPLE Trange(high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.9.153 Trima (0)

TRIMA Indicators
Triangular Moving Average

SYNTAX Trima( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triangular Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The Triangular Moving Average is equivalent to a Simple Moving Average of
INFO a Simple Moving Average.
EXAMPLE Trima(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.154 Trima (1)

TRIMA Indicators
Triangular Moving Average

SYNTAX Trima( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Triangular Moving Average
ADDITIONAL The Triangular Moving Average is equivalent to a Simple Moving Average of
INFO a Simple Moving Average.
EXAMPLE Trima(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.155 Trix (0)

TRIX Indicators
Trix

SYNTAX Trix( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION 1-day Rate-Of-Change (ROC) of a Triple Smooth EMA
ADDITIONAL TRIX is an indicator that correspond to a percent rate-of-change of a triple-
INFO smoothed exponential moving average of a closing price.
It is a momentum indicator which moves up over and under a zero line. A
movement above is bullish, while a movement below is bearish.
EXAMPLE Trix(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.156 Trix (1)

TRIX Indicators
Trix

SYNTAX Trix( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION 1-day Rate-Of-Change (ROC) of a Triple Smooth EMA
ADDITIONAL TRIX is an indicator that correspond to a percent rate-of-change of a triple-
INFO smoothed exponential moving average of a closing price.
It is a momentum indicator which moves up over and under a zero line. A
movement above is bullish, while a movement below is bearish.
EXAMPLE Trix(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.157 Tsf (0)

TSF Indicators
Time Series Forecast

SYNTAX Tsf( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Time Series Forecast
ADDITIONAL The Time Series Forecast function displays the statistical trend of a security's
INFO price over a specified time period based on linear regression analysis.
EXAMPLE Tsf(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.158 Tsf (1)

TSF Indicators
Time Series Forecast

SYNTAX Tsf( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Time Series Forecast
ADDITIONAL The Time Series Forecast function displays the statistical trend of a security's
INFO price over a specified time period based on linear regression analysis.
EXAMPLE Tsf(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.159 TypPrice (0)

TYPPRICE Indicators
Typical Price

SYNTAX TypPrice( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Typical Price
ADDITIONAL The Typical Price function calculates the average of the high, low, and closing
INFO prices for the day.
Its an interesting function as it incluse in one line information for the entire
trading day.
You can also compare this line to its moving average to determine if a security
is trending.
EXAMPLE TypPrice(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.160 TypPrice (1)

TYPPRICE Indicators
Typical Price

SYNTAX TypPrice( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Typical Price
ADDITIONAL The Typical Price function calculates the average of the high, low, and closing
INFO prices for the day.
Its an interesting function as it incluse in one line information for the entire
trading day.
You can also compare this line to its moving average to determine if a security
is trending.
EXAMPLE TypPrice(high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.9.161 UltOsc (0)

ULTOSC Indicators
Ultimate Oscillator

SYNTAX UltOsc( ARRAY timeperiod1, ARRAY timeperiod2, ARRAY

timeperiod3)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Ultimate Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Ultimate Oscillator combines a stock's price action during three different
INFO time frames into one oscillator.
Oversold territory is below 30 while overbought territory is above 70.
The Ultimate Oscillator was developed by Larry Williams.
EXAMPLE UltOsc(7, 14, 28)
 [TOP]

1.9.162 UltOsc (1)

ULTOSC Indicators
Ultimate Oscillator

SYNTAX UltOsc( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod1,
ARRAY timeperiod2, ARRAY timeperiod3)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Ultimate Oscillator
ADDITIONAL The Ultimate Oscillator combines a stock's price action during three different
INFO time frames into one oscillator.
Oversold territory is below 30 while overbought territory is above 70.
The Ultimate Oscillator was developed by Larry Williams.
EXAMPLE UltOsc(high, low, close, 7, 14, 28)
 [TOP]

1.9.163 Var (0)

VAR Indicators
Variance

SYNTAX Var( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Variance
ADDITIONAL The variance is a statistical measure of the dispersion of values arount the
INFO expected value.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance.
EXAMPLE Var(100)
 [TOP]

1.9.164 Var (1)

VAR Indicators
Variance

SYNTAX Var( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Variance
ADDITIONAL The variance is a statistical measure of the dispersion of values arount the
INFO expected value.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance.
EXAMPLE Var(close, 100)
 [TOP]

1.9.165 WclPrice (0)

WCLPRICE Indicators
Weighted Close Price

SYNTAX WclPrice()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Weighted Close Price
ADDITIONAL The Weighted Close indicator calculates an average of each day's price.
INFO the Weighted Close provides a simplified view of the day.
EXAMPLE WclPrice()
 [TOP]

1.9.166 WclPrice (1)

WCLPRICE Indicators
Weighted Close Price

SYNTAX WclPrice( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Weighted Close Price
ADDITIONAL The Weighted Close indicator calculates an average of each day's price.
INFO the Weighted Close provides a simplified view of the day.
EXAMPLE WclPrice(high, low, close)
 [TOP]

1.9.167 Willr (0)

WILLR Indicators
Williams' %R

SYNTAX Willr( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Williams' %R
ADDITIONAL Williams %R is a momentum indicator that is designed to identify overbought
INFO and oversold areas in a nontrending market.
A bullish signal happen when the indicator is in an oversold area and the price
change direction to the upward.
The opposite for the bearish signal.
Williams %R was developed by Larry Williams.
EXAMPLE Willr(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.168 Willr (1)

WILLR Indicators
Williams' %R

SYNTAX Willr( ARRAY high, ARRAY low, ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Williams' %R
ADDITIONAL Williams %R is a momentum indicator that is designed to identify overbought
INFO and oversold areas in a nontrending market.
A bullish signal happen when the indicator is in an oversold area and the price
change direction to the upward.
The opposite for the bearish signal.
Williams %R was developed by Larry Williams.
EXAMPLE Willr(high, low, close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.9.169 Wma (0)

WMA Indicators
Weighted Moving Average

SYNTAX Wma( ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Weighted Moving Average
ADDITIONAL A Weighted Moving Average is a Moving Average indicator that shows the
INFO average value of a security's price over a period of time with special emphasis
on the more recent portions of the time period under analysis.
EXAMPLE Wma(14)
 [TOP]

1.9.170 Wma (1)

WMA Indicators
Weighted Moving Average

SYNTAX Wma( ARRAY close, ARRAY timeperiod)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Weighted Moving Average
ADDITIONAL A Weighted Moving Average is a Moving Average indicator that shows the
INFO average value of a security's price over a period of time with special emphasis
on the more recent portions of the time period under analysis.
EXAMPLE Wma(close, 14)
 [TOP]

1.10 Math
1.10.1 Absolute
ABSOLUTE Math
Absolute Value

SYNTAX Absolute( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the absolute value of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Absolute(-1)
 [TOP]

1.10.2 Atan
ATAN Math
Atan

SYNTAX Atan( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the arc tangent of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Atan(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.3 Avg (0)

AVG Math
Average

SYNTAX Avg( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the average of the ARRAY for all the lookback periods (current bar
is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Avg(close)
 [TOP]

1.10.4 Avg (1)

AVG Math
Average

SYNTAX Avg( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the average of the ARRAY for the specified number of lookback
periods (current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Avg(close, 10)
 [TOP]

1.10.5 Ceil
CEIL Math
Ceiling

SYNTAX Ceil( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, calculate the lowest integer greater than or equal
to the element value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ceil(1.2)
 [TOP]

1.10.6 Cos
COS Math
Cos

SYNTAX Cos( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the cosinus of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Cos(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.7 Cosh
COSH Math
Cosh

SYNTAX Cosh( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the hyperbolic cosine of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Cosh(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.8 DivRem
DIVREM Math
DivRem

SYNTAX DivRem( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, calculate the quotion
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE DivRem(1, 1)
 [TOP]

1.10.9 Exp
EXP Math
Exp

SYNTAX Exp( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, calculate 'e' raised to the element value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Exp(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.10 Floor
FLOOR Math
Floor

SYNTAX Floor( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, calculate the largest integer less than or equal to
the element value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Floor(1.2)
 [TOP]

1.10.11 Frac
FRAC Math
Frac

SYNTAX Frac( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the fractional part of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Frac(1.2)
 [TOP]

1.10.12 IeeeRemainder
IEEEREMAINDER Math
IeeeRemainder

SYNTAX IeeeRemainder( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, calculate the remainder resulting from the
division of the element value by the specified number
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IeeeRemainder(1, 1)
 [TOP]

1.10.13 Int
INT Math
Int

SYNTAX Int( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the integer part of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Int(1.2)
 [TOP]

1.10.14 Log10
LOG10 Math
Log10

SYNTAX Log10( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the base 10 logarithm of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Log10(10)
 [TOP]

1.10.15 Log
LOG Math
Log

SYNTAX Log( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the natural logarithm (ln) of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Log(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.16 Max
MAX Math
Max

SYNTAX Max( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar of the ARRAY, returns the largest one
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Max(perf(close, 10), 0)
 [TOP]

1.10.17 Min
MIN Math
Min

SYNTAX Min( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar of the ARRAY, returns the smallest one
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Min(perf(close, 10), 0)
 [TOP]

1.10.18 Pow
POW Math
Pow

SYNTAX Pow( ARRAY array, ARRAY power)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each element in the array, raise the element value to the specified power
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Pow(2, 2)
 [TOP]

1.10.19 Random
RANDOM Math
Random Number

SYNTAX Random( ARRAY min, ARRAY max)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns a random number between min and max
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Random(0, 100)
 [TOP]

1.10.20 Round
ROUND Math
Round

SYNTAX Round( ARRAY array, ARRAY decimals)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the rounded value of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Round(1.222, 2)
 [TOP]

1.10.21 Sharpe
SHARPE Math
Sharpe

SYNTAX Sharpe( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the sharpe ratio for the specified array and period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sharpe(close, 30)
 [TOP]

1.10.22 Sign
SIGN Math
Sign

SYNTAX Sign( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the sign of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sign(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.23 Sin
SIN Math
Sin

SYNTAX Sin( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the sinus of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sin(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.24 Sinh
SINH Math
Sinh

SYNTAX Sinh( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the hyperbolic sine of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sinh(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.25 Sqrt
SQRT Math
Sqrt

SYNTAX Sqrt( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the square root of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sqrt(4)
 [TOP]

1.10.26 Sum (0)

SUM Math
Sum

SYNTAX Sum( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates a cumulative sum of the ARRAY for all the lookback periods
(current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sum(perf(close, 10) > 0)
 [TOP]

1.10.27 Sum (1)

SUM Math
Sum

SYNTAX Sum( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates a cumulative sum of the ARRAY for the specified number of
lookback periods (current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sum(perf(close, 10) > 0, 20)
 [TOP]

1.10.28 Tan
TAN Math
Tan

SYNTAX Tan( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the tangent of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Tan(1)
 [TOP]

1.10.29 Tanh
TANH Math
Tanh

SYNTAX Tanh( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculate the hyperbolic tangent of each element in the array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Tanh(1)
 [TOP]

1.11 Optimal Signal

1.11.1 BSignal
BSIGNAL Optimal Signal
Optimal signal

SYNTAX BSignal( ARRAY min profit, ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY minimum
days, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Gives you the best long and short entries and exits depending on the parameters
you choose
Example if you choose a minimum profit of 20 percent, a maximum drawdown
of 10 percent,
a minimum number of bars equal to 10 and a maximum number of bars equal
to 100
The system will give you the most profitable trades that meet these criteria
Plot the returned array in a graph that contains CandleStick data to see entries
and exits arrows
Click on those arrows to see additional information
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BSignal(30, -10, -1, 300)
 [TOP]

1.11.2 BSignalLong
BSIGNALLONG Optimal Signal
Optimal long signal

SYNTAX BSignalLong( ARRAY min profit, ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY

minimum days, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Gives you the best long entries and exits depending on the parameters you
choose
Example if you choose a minimum profit of 20 percent, a maximum drawdown
of 10 percent,
a minimum number of bars equal to 10 and a maximum number of bars equal
to 100
The system will give you the most profitable trades that meet these criteria
Plot the returned array in a graph that contains CandleStick data to see entries
and exits arrows
Click on those arrows to see additional information
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BSignalLong(30, -10, -1, 300)
 [TOP]

1.11.3 BSignalShort
BSIGNALSHORT Optimal Signal
Optimal short signal

SYNTAX BSignalShort( ARRAY min profit, ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY

minimum days, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Gives you the best short entries and exits depending on the parameters you
choose
Example if you choose a minimum profit of 20 percent, a maximum drawdown
of 10 percent,
a minimum number of bars equal to 10 and a maximum number of bars equal
to 100
The system will give you the most profitable trades that meet these criteria
Plot the returned array in a graph that contains CandleStick data to see entries
and exits arrows
Click on those arrows to see additional information
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BSignalShort(30, -10, -1, 300)
 [TOP]

1.11.4 EntryLongProfit
ENTRYLONGPROFIT Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfit( ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance of a system that
buy the current symbol at the next open bar and sell it when the system
drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfit(-10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.5 EntryLongProfitCond
ENTRYLONGPROFITCOND Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitCond( ARRAY condition, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance of a system that buy the current symbol at the next
open bar and sell it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached ,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitCond(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.6 EntryLongProfitCondExitRule
ENTRYLONGPROFITCONDEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitCondExitRule( ARRAY condition, ARRAY exit, ARRAY

max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance of a system that buy the current symbol at the next
open bar and sell it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitCondExitRule(1, 1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.7 EntryLongProfitExitRule
ENTRYLONGPROFITEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitExitRule( ARRAY exit, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance of a system that
buy the current symbol at the next open bar and sell it when the system
drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitExitRule(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.8 EntryLongProfitPerBar
ENTRYLONGPROFITPERBAR Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitPerBar( ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum

days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance PER BAR of a
system that buy the current symbol at the next open bar and sell it when the
system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitPerBar(-10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.9 EntryLongProfitPerBarCond
ENTRYLONGPROFITPERBARCOND Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitPerBarCond( ARRAY condition, ARRAY max

drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance PER BAR of a system that buy the current symbol
at the next open bar and sell it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached ,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitPerBarCond(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.10 EntryLongProfitPerBarCondExitRule
ENTRYLONGPROFITPERBARCONDEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitPerBarCondExitRule( ARRAY condition, ARRAY exit,

ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance PER BAR of a system that buy the current symbol
at the next open bar and sell it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitPerBarCondExitRule(1, 1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.11 EntryLongProfitPerBarExitRule
ENTRYLONGPROFITPERBAREXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryLongProfitPerBarExitRule( ARRAY exit, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance PER BAR of a
system that buy the current symbol at the next open bar and sell it when the
system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryLongProfitPerBarExitRule(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.12 EntryShortProfit
ENTRYSHORTPROFIT Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfit( ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance of a system that
short the current symbol at the next open bar and cover it when the system
drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfit(-10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.13 EntryShortProfitCond
ENTRYSHORTPROFITCOND Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitCond( ARRAY condition, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance of a system that short the current symbol at the next
open bar and cover it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached ,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitCond(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.14 EntryShortProfitCondExitRule
ENTRYSHORTPROFITCONDEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitCondExitRule( ARRAY condition, ARRAY exit,

ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance of a system that short the current symbol at the next
open bar and cover it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitCondExitRule(1, 1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.15 EntryShortProfitExitRule
ENTRYSHORTPROFITEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitExitRule( ARRAY exit, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance of a system that
short the current symbol at the next open bar and cover it when the system
drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitExitRule(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.16 EntryShortProfitPerBar
ENTRYSHORTPROFITPERBAR Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitPerBar( ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum

days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance PER BAR of a
system that short the current symbol at the next open bar and cover it when the
system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitPerBar(-10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.17 EntryShortProfitPerBarCond
ENTRYSHORTPROFITPERBARCOND Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitPerBarCond( ARRAY condition, ARRAY max

drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance PER BAR of a system that short the current symbol
at the next open bar and cover it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached ,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitPerBarCond(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.18 EntryShortProfitPerBarCondExitRule
ENTRYSHORTPROFITPERBARCONDEXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitPerBarCondExitRule( ARRAY condition, ARRAY exit,

ARRAY max drawdown, ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the performance PER BAR of a system that short the current symbol
at the next open bar and cover it when the system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE,
then move to the bar number (next bar number + last trade holding period)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitPerBarCondExitRule(1, 1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.11.19 EntryShortProfitPerBarExitRule
ENTRYSHORTPROFITPERBAREXITRULE Optimal Signal

SYNTAX EntryShortProfitPerBarExitRule( ARRAY exit, ARRAY max drawdown,

ARRAY maximum days)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION For each bar in the 'close' array, calculates the performance PER BAR of a
system that short the current symbol at the next open bar and cover it when the
system drawdown becomes
higher than the specified number or the maximum number of bar is reached or
the exit rule is TRUE
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE EntryShortProfitPerBarExitRule(1, -10, -1)
 [TOP]

1.12 Pre-calculated-value
1.12.1 GetPreCalculatedGlobal
GETPRECALCULATEDGLOBAL Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated global value

SYNTAX GetPreCalculatedGlobal( STRING field)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a global pre-calculated value (example: Last quote date)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetPreCalculatedGlobal("'Last quote date'")
 [TOP]

1.12.2 GetPreCalculatedValue (0)

GETPRECALCULATEDVALUE Pre-calculated-value
PreCalculated Value

SYNTAX GetPreCalculatedValue( STRING field)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetPreCalculatedValue("'last day volume'")
 [TOP]

1.12.3 GetPreCalculatedValue (1)

GETPRECALCULATEDVALUE Pre-calculated-value
PreCalculated Value

SYNTAX GetPreCalculatedValue( STRING field, ARRAY symbol name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetPreCalculatedValue("'last day volume'", "A")
 [TOP]

1.12.4 GetPreCalculatedValueString (0)

GETPRECALCULATEDVALUESTRING Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated String

SYNTAX GetPreCalculatedValueString( STRING field)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a STRING pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetPreCalculatedValueString("'date of last quote'")
 [TOP]

1.12.5 GetPreCalculatedValueString (1)

GETPRECALCULATEDVALUESTRING Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated String

SYNTAX GetPreCalculatedValueString( STRING field, ARRAY symbol name)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a STRING pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetPreCalculatedValueString("'date of last quote'", "A")
 [TOP]

1.12.6 PVal (0)

PVAL Pre-calculated-value
PreCalculated Value

SYNTAX PVal( STRING field)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PVal("'last day volume'")
 [TOP]

1.12.7 PVal (1)

PVAL Pre-calculated-value
PreCalculated Value

SYNTAX PVal( STRING field, ARRAY symbol name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PVal("'last day volume'", "A")
 [TOP]

1.12.8 PValG
PVALG Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated global value

SYNTAX PValG( STRING field)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a global pre-calculated value (example: Last quote date)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PValG("'Last quote date'")
 [TOP]

1.12.9 PValS (0)

PVALS Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated String

SYNTAX PValS( STRING field)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a STRING pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PValS("'date of last quote'")
 [TOP]

1.12.10 PValS (1)

PVALS Pre-calculated-value
Pre-calculated String

SYNTAX PValS( STRING field, ARRAY symbol name)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a STRING pre-calculated value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PValS("'date of last quote'", "A")
 [TOP]

1.13 Predictions
1.13.1 Predict
PREDICT Predictions
Predict the next value

SYNTAX Predict( STRING category, STRING name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Return an array containing the predictions of the specified model
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Predict("category_name", "prediction_model_name")
 [TOP]

1.13.2 PredictSymbol
PREDICTSYMBOL Predictions
Return '1' if the current symbol was used druing the training of the specified model

SYNTAX PredictSymbol( STRING category, STRING name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the selected model is created using the sepecified ticker data,
returns 0 otherwise.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PredictSymbol("category_name", "prediction_model_name")
 [TOP]

1.14 Ranking
1.14.1 Ranking
RANKING Ranking
Ranking System

SYNTAX Ranking( STRING category, STRING name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Apply the selected ranking system to the current symbol and returns an array
containing the result for each bar
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ranking("category_name", "ranking_system_name")
 [TOP]

1.15 Rules
1.15.1 ApplyRule
APPLYRULE Rules
Apply a Trading Rule

SYNTAX ApplyRule( STRING category, STRING name, ARRAY rule index (set -1
to get the number of rules in the specified list))
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Apply a trading rule given its index value and the name of the list of rules
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ApplyRule("category_name", "list_rules_name", 1)
 [TOP]

1.16 Simulator
1.16.1 BuyPrice (0)
BUYPRICE Simulator
Limit/Stop price for buy order

SYNTAX BuyPrice( ARRAY limit/stop, ARRAY valid for (bars))

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit/Stop price for the buy order (Set order type using 'SetSimTiming'
function).
This limit order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the
order is canceled.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BuyPrice(close * 1.01, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.2 BuyPrice (1)

BUYPRICE Simulator
Stop & Limit prices for buy order

SYNTAX BuyPrice( ARRAY stop, ARRAY limit, ARRAY valid for (bars))
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit & Stop price for the buy order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function. Example: _StopLimit).
The order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the order is
canceled.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BuyPrice(close * 1.01, close, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.3 CoverPrice (0)

COVERPRICE Simulator
Limit/Stop price for cover order

SYNTAX CoverPrice( ARRAY limit/stop, ARRAY exit at market after (bars))

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit/Stop price for the cover order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function).
This limit order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the
order is canceled and an order at the market is initiated.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CoverPrice(close * 1.01, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.4 CoverPrice (1)

COVERPRICE Simulator
Stop & Limit prices for cover order

SYNTAX CoverPrice( ARRAY stop, ARRAY limit, ARRAY exit at market after
(bars))
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit & Stop price for the cover order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function. Example: _StopLimit).
The order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the order is
canceled and an order at the market is initiated.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE CoverPrice(close * 1.01, close, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.5 Drawdown
DRAWDOWN Simulator
Drawdown

SYNTAX Drawdown()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the drawdown curve of the current symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Drawdown()
 [TOP]

1.16.6 Equity
EQUITY Simulator
Equity

SYNTAX Equity()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the equity curve of the current symbol, starting from 100
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Equity()
 [TOP]

1.16.7 Optimize
OPTIMIZE Simulator
Optimize variables

SYNTAX Optimize( ARRAY variable name, ARRAY min, ARRAY max, ARRAY
step)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Used by the simulator to optimize a variable
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Optimize("a", 1, 5, 1)
 [TOP]

1.16.8 SellPrice (0)

SELLPRICE Simulator
Limit/Stop price for sell order

SYNTAX SellPrice( ARRAY limit/stop, ARRAY exit at market after (bars))

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit/Stop price for the sell order (Set order type using 'SetSimTiming'
function).
This limit order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the
order is canceled and an order at the market is initiated.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SellPrice(close * 1.01, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.9 SellPrice (1)

SELLPRICE Simulator
Stop & Limit prices for sell order

SYNTAX SellPrice( ARRAY stop, ARRAY limit, ARRAY exit at market after
(bars))
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit & Stop price for the sell order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function. Example: _StopLimit).
The order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the order is
canceled and an order at the market is initiated.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SellPrice(close * 1.01, close, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.10 SetSimCommission
SETSIMCOMMISSION Simulator
Simulation commissions

SYNTAX SetSimCommission( ENUM commission type, ARRAY value)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the simulator commission setting
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimCommission(_Percentage, 0.02)
 [TOP]

1.16.11 SetSimLongRank
SETSIMLONGRANK Simulator
Simulation long ranking system

SYNTAX SetSimLongRank( ARRAY array)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Override the simulator long ranking system and create a simple long simulation
ranking system using the provided array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimLongRank(rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.16.12 SetSimPeriods
SETSIMPERIODS Simulator
Simulation periods

SYNTAX SetSimPeriods( ARRAY start year, ARRAY start month, ARRAY start
day, ARRAY end year, ARRAY end month, ARRAY end day)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the simulator start and end periods
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimPeriods(2000, 1, 1, 2011, 12, 29)
 [TOP]

1.16.13 SetSimRefSymbol
SETSIMREFSYMBOL Simulator
Simulation reference symbol

SYNTAX SetSimRefSymbol( ARRAY symbol name)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the simulator reference symbol
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimRefSymbol("^RUT")
 [TOP]

1.16.14 SetSimSetting
SETSIMSETTING Simulator
Simulation settings

SYNTAX SetSimSetting( ENUM setting item, ARRAY value)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the simulator settings
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimSetting(_NbPositions, 10)
 [TOP]

1.16.15 SetSimShortRank
SETSIMSHORTRANK Simulator
Simulation short ranking system

SYNTAX SetSimShortRank( ARRAY array)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Override the simulator short ranking system and create a simple short
simulation ranking system using the provided array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimShortRank(1 / rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.16.16 SetSimStop
SETSIMSTOP Simulator
Simulation stops

SYNTAX SetSimStop( ENUM stop type, ENUM stop entry, ARRAY value, ARRAY
reentry)
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the simulator stops
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimStop(_StopLoss, _Percent, 20, 1)
 [TOP]

1.16.17 SetSimTiming
SETSIMTIMING Simulator
Simulation timing

SYNTAX SetSimTiming( ENUM entry type, ENUM entry price, ARRAY decalage
(1 to execute the next bar))
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Update the trading system order type
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SetSimTiming(_Buy, _Open, 1)
 [TOP]

1.16.18 ShortPrice (0)

SHORTPRICE Simulator
Limit/Stop price for short order

SYNTAX ShortPrice( ARRAY limit/stop, ARRAY valid for (bars))

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit/Stop price for the short order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function).
This limit order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the
order is canceled.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ShortPrice(close * 1.01, 5)
 [TOP]

1.16.19 ShortPrice (1)

SHORTPRICE Simulator
Stop & Limit prices for short order

SYNTAX ShortPrice( ARRAY stop, ARRAY limit, ARRAY valid for (bars))
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Set the Limit & Stop price for the short order (Set order type using
'SetSimTiming' function. Example: _StopLimit).
The order is valid for the specified number of bars, after this period the order is
canceled.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ShortPrice(close * 1.01, close, 5)
 [TOP]

1.17 String
1.17.1 GetDataString
GETDATASTRING String
String Database Field

SYNTAX GetDataString( STRING database name, STRING field name, ARRAY

regular expression)
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a string array from a database field
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataString("'database_name'", "'field_name'", "buy")
 [TOP]

1.17.2 GetDataStringIndex
GETDATASTRINGINDEX String
String Database Field Index

SYNTAX GetDataStringIndex( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY index, ARRAY regular expression)
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a string array from a database field, index parameter specify the index of
the data (When using for example intraday database with an historical
timeframe)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataStringIndex("'database_name'", "'field_name'", 0, "buy")
 [TOP]

1.17.3 GetDataStringInside
GETDATASTRINGINSIDE String
String Database Field Index Inside

SYNTAX GetDataStringInside( STRING database name, STRING field name,

ARRAY low, ARRAY high, ENUM periodtype, ARRAY regular
expression)
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Get a string array from a database field (Accept only values which date are
inside the specified limits)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GetDataStringInside("'database name'", "'field name'", 0, 10, P_Hour, "buy")
 [TOP]

1.17.4 IffStr
IFFSTR String
IF-Then-Else

SYNTAX IffStr( ARRAY , ARRAY , ARRAY )

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION A conditional function that returns the value of the first string parameter if
condition is true (different from 0), if condition is false then it returns the value
of the second string parameter.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IffStr(rsi(14) > 50, "TRUE", "FALSE")
 [TOP]

1.17.5 StringContains
STRINGCONTAINS String
String Contains

SYNTAX StringContains( ARRAY string, ARRAY string)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the first string parameter contains the second string parameter, 0
otherwise
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringContains("HELLO", "HE")
 [TOP]

1.17.6 StringEqual
STRINGEQUAL String
String Equals

SYNTAX StringEqual( ARRAY string, ARRAY string)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the two strings are equal, 0 otherwise
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringEqual("HELLO", "HELLO")
 [TOP]

1.17.7 StringExtract
STRINGEXTRACT String
String Extract

SYNTAX StringExtract( ARRAY string, ARRAY value, ARRAY value1)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Extract a string from the string in the first parameter, starting at the specified
number in the second parameter and ending at the specified number in the third
parameter
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringExtract("HELLO", 1, 3)
 [TOP]

1.17.8 StringExtractEnds
STRINGEXTRACTENDS String
String Extract Ends

SYNTAX StringExtractEnds( ARRAY string, ARRAY value)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Extract a string from the string in the first parameter, starting from (Length of
the first parameter string - number in the second parameter) and ending at the
length of the first parameter string
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringExtractEnds("HELLO", 2)
 [TOP]

1.17.9 StringExtractStart
STRINGEXTRACTSTART String
String Extract Start

SYNTAX StringExtractStart( ARRAY string, ARRAY value)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Extract a string from the string in the first parameter, starting at 0 and ending at
the specified number in the second parameter
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringExtractStart("HELLO", 2)
 [TOP]

1.17.10 StringInsert
STRINGINSERT String
String Insert

SYNTAX StringInsert( ARRAY string, ARRAY toinsert, ARRAY index)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Insert in the first parameter the second parameter string at the specified index
number
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringInsert(" EVERYBODY", "HELLO", 0)
 [TOP]

1.17.11 StringLength
STRINGLENGTH String
String Length

SYNTAX StringLength( ARRAY string)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the length of the string
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringLength("HELLO")
 [TOP]

1.17.12 StringReplace
STRINGREPLACE String
String Replace

SYNTAX StringReplace( ARRAY string, ARRAY oldvalue, ARRAY newvalue)

RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Replace in the first parameter string, oldValue with newValue
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE StringReplace("HELLO", "O", "OOOO")
 [TOP]

1.18 Symbol Info

1.18.1 Address
ADDRESS Symbol Info
Address

SYNTAX Address()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Address
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Address()
 [TOP]

1.18.2 Country
COUNTRY Symbol Info
Country

SYNTAX Country()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Country
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Country()
 [TOP]

1.18.3 Currency
CURRENCY Symbol Info
Currency

SYNTAX Currency()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Currency
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Currency()
 [TOP]

1.18.4 FullName
FULLNAME Symbol Info
FullName

SYNTAX FullName()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's FullName
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE FullName()
 [TOP]

1.18.5 Group
GROUP Symbol Info
Group

SYNTAX Group()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Group
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Group()
 [TOP]

1.18.6 Index
INDEX Symbol Info
Index

SYNTAX Index()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Index
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Index()
 [TOP]

1.18.7 Industry
INDUSTRY Symbol Info
Industry

SYNTAX Industry()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Industry
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Industry()
 [TOP]

1.18.8 IsInList
ISINLIST Symbol Info
Is In List

SYNTAX IsInList( ENUM list type, ARRAY list name)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the current symbol is in the specified list
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsInList(_Watchlist, "list")
 [TOP]

1.18.9 Market
MARKET Symbol Info
Market

SYNTAX Market()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Market
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Market()
 [TOP]

1.18.10 Name1
NAME1 Symbol Info
Name1

SYNTAX Name1()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Name1
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Name1()
 [TOP]

1.18.11 Name2
NAME2 Symbol Info
Name2

SYNTAX Name2()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Name2
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Name2()
 [TOP]

1.18.12 Name3
NAME3 Symbol Info
Name3

SYNTAX Name3()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Name3
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Name3()
 [TOP]

1.18.13 Name
NAME Symbol Info
Name

SYNTAX Name()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Name
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Name()
 [TOP]

1.18.14 Sector
SECTOR Symbol Info
Sector

SYNTAX Sector()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Sector
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Sector()
 [TOP]

1.18.15 Website
WEBSITE Symbol Info
Website

SYNTAX Website()
RETURNS TEXT ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the symbol's Website
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Website()
 [TOP]

1.19 Technical
1.19.1 AMA
AMA Technical
Adaptive Moving Average

SYNTAX AMA( ARRAY array, ARRAY smoothing factor)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the adaptive moving average, which is a moving average with a time-
variant smoothing factor.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AMA(close, 0.4)
 [TOP]

1.19.2 AvgIf (0)

AVGIF Technical
Average If

SYNTAX AvgIf( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates, when condition is TRUE, the average of the ARRAY for all the
lookback periods (current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AvgIf(perf(close, 10) > 0, close)
 [TOP]

1.19.3 AvgIf (1)

AVGIF Technical
Average If

SYNTAX AvgIf( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates, when condition is TRUE, the average of the ARRAY for the
specified number of lookback periods (current bar is included) (When the
condition is true)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE AvgIf(perf(close, 10) > 0, close, 10)
 [TOP]

1.19.4 BarsSince
BARSSINCE Technical
Bars Since

SYNTAX BarsSince( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the number of bars that have passed since the array was different
from 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE BarsSince(perf(close, 10) > 10)
 [TOP]

1.19.5 Count
COUNT Technical
Count

SYNTAX Count()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Count()
 [TOP]

1.19.6 Cross
CROSS Technical
Cross

SYNTAX Cross( ARRAY , ARRAY )

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns '1', when the first array crosses above the second array, otherwise the
result is '0'
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Cross(sma(14), sma(21))
 [TOP]

1.19.7 GFun
GFUN Technical
Gaussian

SYNTAX GFun( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the gaussian for the specified array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GFun(volume, 30)
 [TOP]

1.19.8 GroupBy (0)

GROUPBY Technical
Group past values

SYNTAX GroupBy( ARRAY array, ARRAY groupby, ENUM calculation method)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Groups all past values and returns a number based on a given calculation
method
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GroupBy(perf(close, 1), DayOfWeek(), "avg")
 [TOP]

1.19.9 GroupBy (1)

GROUPBY Technical
Group past values

SYNTAX GroupBy( ARRAY array, ARRAY groupby, ENUM calculation method,

ARRAY bars to consider, ARRAY offset)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Groups past values (defined by the last 2 parameters) and returns a number
based on a given calculation method
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GroupBy(perf(close, 1), DayOfWeek(), "avg", 30, 0)
 [TOP]

1.19.10 GroupBy (2)

GROUPBY Technical
Group past values

SYNTAX GroupBy( ARRAY array, ARRAY groupby, ENUM calculation method,

ARRAY bars to consider, ARRAY offset, ARRAY filter)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Groups past values (that pass the filter) and returns a number based on a given
calculation method
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE GroupBy(perf(close, 1), DayOfWeek(), "avg", 30, 0, perf(close, 1) > 0)
 [TOP]

1.19.11 HhvLb (0)

HHVLB Technical
Highest Since

SYNTAX HhvLb( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the array reached its highest value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HhvLb(close)
 [TOP]

1.19.12 HhvLb (1)

HHVLB Technical
Highest Since

SYNTAX HhvLb( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the array reached its highest value over the
specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HhvLb(close, 20)
 [TOP]

1.19.13 HighestSince (0)

HIGHESTSINCE Technical
Highest Since

SYNTAX HighestSince( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the highest value of the array since CONDITION was TRUE on the
most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HighestSince(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.19.14 HighestSince (1)

HIGHESTSINCE Technical
Highest Since

SYNTAX HighestSince( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY n-th)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the highest value of the array since CONDITION was TRUE on the n-
th most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HighestSince(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14), 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.15 HighestSinceBars (0)

HIGHESTSINCEBARS Technical
Bars Since Highest

SYNTAX HighestSinceBars( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of trading bars that have passed since the highest value of
the array and since CONDITION was TRUE on the most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HighestSinceBars(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.19.16 HighestSinceBars (1)

HIGHESTSINCEBARS Technical
Bars Since Highest

SYNTAX HighestSinceBars( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY n-th)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of trading bars that have passed since the highest value of
the array and since CONDITION was TRUE on the n-th most recent
occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HighestSinceBars(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14), 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.17 HistoPrice (0)

HISTOPRICE Technical
Historical prices from intraday data

SYNTAX HistoPrice( ENUM price, ARRAY day lag (o to get the current day))
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the historical close, open, high, low, volume or open interest of past
days
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HistoPrice(_open, 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.18 HistoPrice (1)

HISTOPRICE Technical
Historical prices from intraday data

SYNTAX HistoPrice( ENUM price, ARRAY day lag (o to get the current day),
ARRAY use open session time. 1 for true.)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the historical close, open, high, low, volume or open interest of past
days. Ability to select whether to use session open time or not.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE HistoPrice(_open, 1, 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.19 Iff
IFF Technical
IF-Then-Else

SYNTAX Iff( ARRAY , ARRAY , ARRAY )

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION A conditional function that returns the value of the first parameter if condition
is true (different from 0), if condition is false then it returns the value of the
second parameter.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Iff(rsi(14) > 50, 1, 0)
 [TOP]

1.19.20 IsFalse
ISFALSE Technical
Is False

SYNTAX IsFalse( ARRAY array, ARRAY lag)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if all the values between the current bar and the lag bar are inferior or
equal to 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsFalse(perf(close, 10), 20)
 [TOP]

1.19.21 IsLastBar
ISLASTBAR Technical
Is Last Bars

SYNTAX IsLastBar()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if the the current bar is the last one
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsLastBar()
 [TOP]

1.19.22 IsNaN
ISNAN Technical
Is NaN

SYNTAX IsNaN( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if all elements in the array equal to NaN
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsNaN(1)
 [TOP]

1.19.23 IsNoNaN
ISNONAN Technical
Is not NaN

SYNTAX IsNoNaN( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 0 if at least one elements in the array is equal to NaN
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsNoNaN(1)
 [TOP]

1.19.24 IsNoZero
ISNOZERO Technical
Is not Zero

SYNTAX IsNoZero( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 0 if at least one elements in the array is equal to 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsNoZero(1)
 [TOP]

1.19.25 IsNull
ISNULL Technical
Is NULL

SYNTAX IsNull( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if all elements in the array equal to 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsNull(1)
 [TOP]

1.19.26 IsTrue
ISTRUE Technical
Is True

SYNTAX IsTrue( ARRAY array, ARRAY lag)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 if all the values between the current bar and the lag bar are superior
to 0
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE IsTrue(perf(close, 10), 20)
 [TOP]

1.19.27 LastNotNullValue
LASTNOTNULLVALUE Technical
Last not null

SYNTAX LastNotNullValue( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the last (not equal to 0) value of the ARRAY
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LastNotNullValue(close)
 [TOP]

1.19.28 LastValue
LASTVALUE Technical
Last Value

SYNTAX LastValue( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the last value of the ARRAY
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LastValue(close)
 [TOP]

1.19.29 LlvLb (0)

LLVLB Technical
Lowest Since

SYNTAX LlvLb( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the array reached its lowest value
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LlvLb(close)
 [TOP]

1.19.30 LlvLb (1)

LLVLB Technical
Lowest Since

SYNTAX LlvLb( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the array reached its lowest value over the
specified period
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LlvLb(close, 20)
 [TOP]

1.19.31 LowestSince (0)

LOWESTSINCE Technical
Lowest Since

SYNTAX LowestSince( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the lowest value of the array since CONDITION was TRUE on the
most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LowestSince(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.19.32 LowestSince (1)

LOWESTSINCE Technical
Lowest Since

SYNTAX LowestSince( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY n-th)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the lowest value of the array since CONDITION was TRUE on the n-
th most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LowestSince(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14), 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.33 LowestSinceBars (0)

LOWESTSINCEBARS Technical
Bars Since Lowest

SYNTAX LowestSinceBars( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of trading bars that have passed since the lowest value of
the array and since CONDITION was TRUE on the most recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LowestSinceBars(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.19.34 LowestSinceBars (1)

LOWESTSINCEBARS Technical
Bars Since Lowest

SYNTAX LowestSinceBars( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY n-th)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of trading bars that have passed since the lowest value of
the array and since CONDITION was TRUE on the n-th most recent
occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LowestSinceBars(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14), 1)
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1.19.35 LSwitch
LSWITCH Technical
Latching Switch

SYNTAX LSwitch( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns 1 for all bars after the first array is 'true' until a 'true' occurs in the
second array. In this case, next bars will get 0 until the first array is 'true' again.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE LSwitch(rsi(14) > 50, rsi(14) < 50)
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1.19.36 NaNtoLast
NANTOLAST Technical
NaN to Last

SYNTAX NaNtoLast( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Update the NA values with the last non NaN values
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NaNtoLast(perf(close, -10))
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1.19.37 NaNtoZero
NANTOZERO Technical
NaN values to Zero

SYNTAX NaNtoZero( ARRAY array, ARRAY type)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Change NaN value to Zero in the specified array.
Set zero to the parameter 'type' to update only the firsts NaN, Set one to update
all NaN values
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE NaNtoZero(rsi(14), 0)
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1.19.38 Peak (0)

PEAK Technical
Peak

SYNTAX Peak( ARRAY array, ARRAY change)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array in the last peak
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Peak(close, 10)
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1.19.39 Peak (1)

PEAK Technical
Peak

SYNTAX Peak( ARRAY array, ARRAY change, ARRAY n)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array N peak(s) ago
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Peak(close, 10, 1)
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1.19.40 PeakBars (0)

PEAKBARS Technical
Peak Bars

SYNTAX PeakBars( ARRAY array, ARRAY change)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the last peak
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PeakBars(close, 10)
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1.19.41 PeakBars (1)

PEAKBARS Technical
Peak Bars

SYNTAX PeakBars( ARRAY array, ARRAY change, ARRAY n)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since N peak(s) ago
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PeakBars(close, 10, 1)
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1.19.42 Perf
PERF Technical
Performance over a specified period

SYNTAX Perf( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the performance of the array for the specified period (k-step Return)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Perf(close, 20)
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1.19.43 PerfD
PERFD Technical
Average Daily Performance

SYNTAX PerfD( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the average daily performance of the array for the specified period (k-
step Trend)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE PerfD(close, 20)
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1.19.44 Rank
RANK Technical
Rank

SYNTAX Rank( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the rank of the stock for this array, rank ranges are from 0 to 100 (To
use in simulation)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Rank(close)
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1.19.45 Ref
REF Technical
Lag

SYNTAX Ref( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION References a previous or subsequent element in a ARRAY. A negative period
references X periods in the future; a positive period references X periods ago
(Replace empty values in the ARRAY with NA)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Ref(close, 1)
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1.19.46 RefZero
REFZERO Technical
Lag modified

SYNTAX RefZero( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION References a previous or subsequent element in a ARRAY. A negative period
references X periods in the future; a positive period references X periods ago
(Replace empty values in the ARRAY with 0)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE RefZero(close, 1)
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1.19.47 RemoveSameSignals (0)

REMOVESAMESIGNALS Technical
Remove Excessive Signals

SYNTAX RemoveSameSignals( ARRAY array, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Removes excessive signals.
Returns 1 on the first occurence of 'true' signal in the first array.
then Returns 0 until the second array is 'true' even if there are 'true' signals in
the first array.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE RemoveSameSignals(rsi(14) > 50, rsi(14) < 50)
 [TOP]

1.19.48 RemoveSameSignals (1)

REMOVESAMESIGNALS Technical
Remove Excessive Signals

SYNTAX RemoveSameSignals( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Removes excessive signals.
Returns 1 on the first occurence of 'true' signal in the first array.
then Returns 0 until the array become 'false' then 'true'.
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE RemoveSameSignals(rsi(14) > 50)
 [TOP]

1.19.49 RFun
RFUN Technical
Relative Volatility

SYNTAX RFun( ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the relative volatility of the specified array
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE RFun(close, 30)
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1.19.50 SumIf (0)

SUMIF Technical
Summation If

SYNTAX SumIf( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates, when condition is TRUE, a cumulative sum of the ARRAY for all
the lookback periods (current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SumIf(rsi(14) > 50, 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.51 SumIf (1)

SUMIF Technical
Summation If

SYNTAX SumIf( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY period)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates, when condition is TRUE, a cumulative sum of the ARRAY for the
specified number of lookback periods (current bar is included)
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE SumIf(rsi(14) > 50, 1, 20)
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1.19.52 TotalBars
TOTALBARS Technical
Total Bars

SYNTAX TotalBars()
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the total number of bars
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TotalBars()
 [TOP]

1.19.53 Trough (0)

TROUGH Technical
Trough

SYNTAX Trough( ARRAY array, ARRAY change)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array in the last trough
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Trough(close, 10)
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1.19.54 Trough (1)

TROUGH Technical
Trough

SYNTAX Trough( ARRAY array, ARRAY change, ARRAY n)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array N trough(s) ago
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Trough(close, 10, 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.55 TroughBars (0)

TROUGHBARS Technical
Trough Bars

SYNTAX TroughBars( ARRAY array, ARRAY change)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since the last trough
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TroughBars(close, 10)
 [TOP]

1.19.56 TroughBars (1)

TROUGHBARS Technical
Trough Bars

SYNTAX TroughBars( ARRAY array, ARRAY change, ARRAY n)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the number of bars since N trough(s) ago
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TroughBars(close, 10, 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.57 Value
VALUE Technical
Value

SYNTAX Value( ARRAY array, ARRAY bar number)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the specified ARRAY for the bar number X
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE Value(close, 5)
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1.19.58 ValueWhen (0)

VALUEWHEN Technical
Value When

SYNTAX ValueWhen( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array, when the condition was TRUE, on the most
recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ValueWhen(cross(close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14))
 [TOP]

1.19.59 ValueWhen (1)

VALUEWHEN Technical
Value When

SYNTAX ValueWhen( ARRAY condition, ARRAY array, ARRAY n-th)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns the value of the array, when the condition was TRUE, on the n-th most
recent occurrence
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ValueWhen(cross( close, sma(close, 20)), rsi(14), 1)
 [TOP]

1.19.60 ZigZag
ZIGZAG Technical
Zig Zag

SYNTAX ZigZag( ARRAY array, ARRAY change)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Calculates the Zig Zag indicator given the percent change
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE ZigZag(close, 10)
 [TOP]

1.20 Time-frame
1.20.1 TimeframeApply
TIMEFRAMEAPPLY Time-frame
Change the timeframe of a time-series

SYNTAX TimeframeApply( ARRAY timeframe, ARRAY time-series)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Changes the timeframe of a time-series and returns this new compressed time-
series
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeApply(7, rsi(14) > 50)
 [TOP]

1.20.2 TimeframeCompress
TIMEFRAMECOMPRESS Time-frame
Compress a time-series

SYNTAX TimeframeCompress( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Compress a time-series retrieved with the 'TFGetSeries' or 'TFGetSeries1'
functions
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeCompress(close)
 [TOP]

1.20.3 TimeframeDecompress
TIMEFRAMEDECOMPRESS Time-frame
Decompress a time-series

SYNTAX TimeframeDecompress( ARRAY array)

RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Decompress a time-series that was previously compressed using the
TFCompress function
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeDecompress(close)
 [TOP]

1.20.4 TimeframeGetSeries1 (0)

TIMEFRAMEGETSERIES1 Time-frame
Get a time-series for a different time-frame

SYNTAX TimeframeGetSeries1( ARRAY symbol, ARRAY timeframe, ENUM

arrayname, ENUM type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol and for the specified time-frame
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeGetSeries1("A", 1, close, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.20.5 TimeframeGetSeries1 (1)

TIMEFRAMEGETSERIES1 Time-frame
Get a time-series for a different time-frame

SYNTAX TimeframeGetSeries1( ARRAY symbol, ARRAY timeframe, ENUM

arrayname, ENUM type, ARRAY set 1 for historical)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified symbol, the specified time-frame and the specified historical or
intraday data
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeGetSeries1("A", 1, close, LastData, 1)
 [TOP]

1.20.6 TimeframeGetSeries
TIMEFRAMEGETSERIES Time-frame
Get a time-series for a different time-frame

SYNTAX TimeframeGetSeries( ARRAY timeframe, ENUM arrayname, ENUM

type)
RETURNS NUMERIC ARRAY
DESCRIPTION Returns an array (close, open, high, low, volume, open-interest) for the
specified time-frame
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeGetSeries(1, close, LastData)
 [TOP]

1.20.7 TimeframeRestore
TIMEFRAMERESTORE Time-frame
Restore time-frame

SYNTAX TimeframeRestore()
RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Restore the original time-frame
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeRestore()
 [TOP]

1.20.8 TimeframeSet
TIMEFRAMESET Time-frame
Set time-frame

SYNTAX TimeframeSet( ARRAY time-frame)

RETURNS
DESCRIPTION Change the current time-frame
ADDITIONAL
INFO
EXAMPLE TimeframeSet(7)
[TOP]