SOLUTION MANUAL

PHYSICS
Module-4
K CET COMPACT COMPENDIUM
 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS Electric Charges and Fields

EXERCISE-I (K CET LEVEL)

Q.1 (1)
K N
Smallest unit of charge is frankline. E= 3
3 or K = Ex =
m3
x C
Q.2 (2) Q.11 (1)
When glass rod is rubbed with silk, electrons are Given, q1 = + 5C, = 5 ×10–6C
transferred to silk. q2 = + 10 C, = 10 ×10–6 C
r = 20 cm = 20 × 10–2 m
Q.3 (4)
Charging can be done only by the transfer of electrons. q1 E1 E2 q2
So positive charge means loss of electrons. A B
Q.4 (2) 10cm 10cm
P and Q repel  both are of same type 20cm
P and R attract  P and R are of opposite type The electric field at the mid point due to q1 and q2 will
 Q and R also attract. be in opposite directions (for like charges)
Net field at point P (mid point), E = E2– E1
Q.5 (1) 1 q2 1 q1
 
–q 40 (r / 2) 2
40 (r / 2) 2

Q –Q 1
 [q 2  q1 ]
It will move in the direction of resultant force. 40 (r / 2) 2

9 109  4 
Q.6 (3)  10  106  5 106 
From newton’s third law (20  10 –2 ) 2 
F'=F
9 109  4
  5 10 –6
Q.7 (1) (20 10 )
–2 2

Both charge should be unlike charge

q1= Q1 , q2= –Q2 180  103

So q1q2= –Q1Q2 400  104
So q1q2= Negative
So q1q2< 0 180 107

400
Q.8 (1)
= 4.5 × 106 N/C (towards + 5C)
12k 12k k
As F =  12  2  1
r2 r r2 Q.12 (3) x = d/ 2 2
k4
Now, F' =  F = –4N (attractive) Q.13 (4)
r2 F=E×q
Q.9 4)
Eq 2  10 4  1.6  10 19
x 70–x a 
m 9.1  10 31
F1 P F2 = 3.5 × 1015
9e 70cm 16e
1
At point P; the charge is at rest i.e. Fnet = 0 s  ut  at 2
F1 = F 2 2

K  9e   q  K 16e  1.5 1
  3.5 1015  t 2
= q 100 2
x 2
 70 – x 2
t = 2.9 × 10–9 s
 x = 30 cm from 9e or 40 cm from 16e.
Q.14 ( 1)
Q.10 (3)

PHYSICS 1
Electric Charges and Fields

q
Electric flux,   
0

where q = total charge enclosed by closed surface

1.25  7  1  0.4 8.85C
  =
0 8.85 1012 C2 N 1m 2

kq 1  q  = 1012 N m2 C–1
E   
r2 30  a2 
Q.24 (1)
q in
Q.15 (4) 
0
Electric lines of force are imaginary lines of force.
qin 
Q.16 (1) Now  '  2  2
  0

  E A Q.25 (3)
= (10i  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ  (1i)
ˆ
= 10 units EXERCISE-II (NEET LEVEL)

Q.1 (3)
Q.17 (1)
Resultant electric field between two charged plates is E
1.6 × 10–20 c, because this is 1/10 of electronic charge
  
= 2  2   and hence not an integral multiple.
0 0 0

Q.2 (3)
e.
force F = qE = a q = ne
0 80 × 10–6 = n × 1.6 × 10–19
Q.18 (4)
According to Gauss’s theorem Q.3 (4)
  q Q = ne
 E  ds  in
0
10–6C=n×1.6×10–19C
106
qin is total charge inside the Gaussiam surface. n  0.625  1013
1.6  10 19
Q.19 (3)  6.25  1012
Maximum electric field will be at the surface Q.4 (1)
6 The presence of any third charge above not effect the
kq 9  10  1 10
9
E= = force between two charges.
r 2
(0.1)2
Q.20 (3) Q.5 (2)
Electric field due to one line charge at a distance r is E Force is same so (d = distance in oil)
2k Q1 Q 2 Q1 Q 2
= =
r 4  0 r 2 4  0 r d 2
(  1)2k 2k2 r 50 cm.
F = qE = = Solved it d = = ~_ 22.3 cm
r r r 5
Q.21 (4)
Between two shells electric field will be due to inner Q.6 (1)
shell. As F  q1q2
F  q2 ...(i) [q1 = q2]
Q.22 (1)
After transferring the 50% charge from one sphere to
By Gauss’s theorem. another
Q.23 (2)
According to Gauss’s law, q 3q
q1'  q  
2 2
2 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

q q
q 2'  q   Q.10 (3)
2 2

 3 q  q  3 2 q F2 Q F1 4q
Hence F '      q ...(ii)
 2  2  4 x 2a–x
From (i) & (ii) F1 is force on Q due to q
3
F'  F
4 F2 is force on Q due to 4q
Q.7 (2)
4q Q q F1=F2

/ 2 / 2 KQq

KQ4q
 2a  x 
2 2
there are two force on q x
If force by 4q = force by Q then net force on q = 0 and
also Q should be unlike Taking root on both side
k.4 q.q kqQ Q.11 (2)
  Q = q but Q = –q
2  2 
2
Net force on Q due to other corner charge is
Q.8 (3) F123  F3  F12  F22
kQ 1 Q 2 k(Q 1  Q 2 )2  F3  2F1
F1 = 2 ; F2 =
x 4 x2
KQ2 2KQ2
F1 4 Q1 Q 2  
 2 2 2
F2 (Q 1  Q 2 )2
 Q1 >> Q2  Q1 + Q2  Q1 Q Q

F1 4 Q1 Q 2 4Q2
= 2 = q l
F2 Q1 Q1 F4
2l
Q.9 (4)
Q F1
+q F2 Q +q Q
l F2 F3
F1 l
2 2
Force on Q due to centre charge –q
KQq
F1 is force due to +q F4  2
2
F2 is force due to Q If net force on corner charge Q is zero
Then
F1=F2 F123+ F4= 0
Q
So q   1  2 2 
Kq 2 KQq
 4 
l2 l
2

2 Q.12 (1)

 
p
q 2 4Qq F = qE =
 2 t
l2 l
q 5  10 23  1.5  10 23
Q E=
4 7  10 6  1.6 10 19
and must be negative 3.5 1023 50
=  25 = 1.6 = 31.25 N/C
7 1.6 10

PHYSICS 3
Electric Charges and Fields

Q.13 (4) 
  E.S
qE
  ( 2î  4 ĵ  3k̂ ).(10ˆj)   = 40 units

Q.19 (2)
Mg
z
qE = mg
when polarity is reversed net downward force B F
= mg + Eq = 2mg
2mg
a'   2g
m G
C
E x
Q.14 (2) A

1 qE 2
S= t
2 mc 1 H
D
1 qE 2 y
S= t
2 mp 2
Flux will be only through the surface which is
t 22 me t2 mp perpendicular to electric lines of force i.e. plane in y–z
× = 1  plane.
t12 m t1 = me As electric filed is zero on surface ABCD so flux is zero.
Flux through EFGH = E × Area
Q.15 (3) E0 x 2
 l
1 l
E A B
r2 
E 0l 2
 l  E 0l 2
a
l
2 a 2
 a  from Gauss’s theorem
E A  2 
 E  ds  
Q

EB a2 0

Q  0  E 0l 2
EA 1
 
EB 2 Q.20 (2)
Q.16 (3)
36c
kQx = 8 
0
=E
(R 2  x 2 )3 / 2
r2 = R2 + x2 or 36   4  9 109
=
x2 = r2 – R2 8
= 162× 103

Q.21 (4)
Q.17 (1)
In a hollow metalic cavity if no chage in side the
Electric lines are originating from A(+ve charge) and cavity  Ein = 0
terminate at B(–ve charge). Also density of lines at A
is more than lines at B. Q.22 (1)

Q.18 (2)
 
S  10ˆj E  2î  4ˆj  3k̂
4 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

EXERCISE-III (JEE MAIN LEVEL)

++
 Q.1 (3)
++ T When a comb runs through one’s dry hair, then comb
++ T cos
++  gets charged and when it comes close to paper, it
+ + Tsin q induces opposite charges in paper. The field due to
++ 0 the charges in comb, polarises the atoms in the paper.
mg Finally is attracts the paper.
Q.2 (4)
Mass can be converted into energy but charge cannot
q be converted into energy.
T sin  0 Q.3 (1)

T cos  mg A B
q
tan  
 0 mg
500e
 0 mg tan  Charge on A will be +500 e and on B will be –500 e
 and mass of A is decreased by 500 me and that of B is
q
increased by 500 me so difference will be 1000 me.

Q.23 (3) Q.4 (1)

KQ K(4R )  2
Q = ne = 1014 × 1.6 × 10–19  Q = 1.6 × 10–5 C = 16 C
E  
R 2
R 2
0 Electrons are removed, so chare will be positive.

R  2R and  = unchanged Q.5 (2)

K[4(2R )2 ] Q 1
E'  n   6.25  1018
(2R)2 e 1.6  10 19
Q.6 (4)

 E same Stationary charge only produces electric filed.
0
Q..7 (3) +q
Q.24 (3)

F1  qE1  q 
20 Kqq
=F
+q r 60° r2
+q

F2  qE2  q  Kqq
0 r2
=F

F1 1 R  F2  F2  2FF cos 60

 F 2
2
3kq 2
R  3F 
Q.25 (3) r2
qin = q = (1–7–4+10+2–5–3+6) c Q.8 (2)
= (19–19) = 0 FNet = 2F cos 30 = 3F
k  4  1012  100  100
F
25

Net flux = 0
PHYSICS 5
Electric Charges and Fields

2 mC

60°
F 2 mC 2 mC Q.11 (2)
5 cm
N
F Q1 q Q2
When charge is displaced above, it gets repelled and
36 72 move away from null point.
  10  Hence, unstable equilibrium.
25 5
But if displaced along line joining charges, then q is in
 72  stable equilibrium.
FNet = 3   = 24.9 N
 5 
Q.9 (3) Q.12 (2)
Let tension in the thread is , then force of repulsion 1 q1
Due q1, electric feed at P(E1) =
between the charges. 4 0 a 2 (î )

1 q2
q2 electric fed at P(E2) = ˆ
Or = 4 0 b 2 ( j)

E2
E
Or
At P
N 
E1
Q.10 (1)
2
Here, E 2 q2 a2  1   2 
 tan= = =  ×   = 2
E1 q1 b 2  2   1 

cm(on equatorial line)

Q.13 (4)
Coulomb’s law and Newton’s law of gravitation are
inverse square law.
Q.14 (2)
The same force will act on both bodies although their
directions will be different.

Q.15 (3)
q1q 2
The force will still remain .
q1 40 r 2
Q.16 (2)
5
q1q 2 q1q 2
Fa  , Fb  Fa : Fb = K : 1
3 4 40 r 2
K4 0 r 2
3 F2 q0 F1
5 F 1 cos Q.17 (3)
F2 cos We put a unit positive charge at O. Resultant force due to
q2 the charge placed at A and C is zero and resultant force
due to B and D is towards D along the diagonal BD.

6 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

Q.18 (4) Q.23 (4)

Q1 + Q2 = Q ......(i)
Q
QQ
and F  k 1 2 2 ....(ii) R
r
q
From (i) and (ii) x
kQ1 (Q  Q1 )
F
r2

dF Q
For F to be maximum  0  Q1 = Q2 = Force at a distance x is given by
dQ1 2
Q.19 (3) KQqx
F
x 
3/2
  Q2
2
 R2
| FB |  | FC |  k. 2
a for maxima
dF
0
FC FC sin 60 o
dx
FC cos 60o 60o
FB cos 60o A R
60o
x
o 2
FB 60 FB sin 60o
Q.24 (3)
Q
60o 60o +Q
–Q
a C R
B
–q
x
Hence force experienced by the charge at A in the
direction normal to BC is zero.
Q.20 (4)
Force on charge is
Kq1q2
F F
KQqx
r2
x 
3/2
2
 R2
Kq1q2 4.Kq1q2
F1  2
  4F KQqx
(r / 2) r2 as x is small F  F x
R3
Q.21 (1) So motion will be S.H.M.
Kq1q2 Kq1q2
F  Q.25 (3)
r2 rr12

1 1
 EC =E EBC = E
(20cm)2 5r12 EB =E
120o
EC EB  
20  20  10 4 120o 120o
r12   80  10  4
5 EA
EA = E EA = E
Enet = 0
r1  8.94  102 m
Q.22 (4) Q.26 (2)
2k Q mg
E sin  2 (  = 180°,  = ) According to the question, eE = mg  E 
r r e
2 k 2 kQ Q.27 (3)
=  Solve it.
r r 2

PHYSICS 7
Electric Charges and Fields

a e mp 2q q
qE
a  a  m E
2E E E
m p e q 2q 
2E E 2E 2E
E 2E
2q q Enet = 0
Q.28 (3)
Q.31 (1)
E without dielectric 2 105
K  2 x (30-x)
E with dielectric 1105
4q E-0 q
Q.29 (1)
Side a = 5  10–2 m K(4q) Kq
2

a x (30  x)2
Half of the diagonal of the square r 
2 x = 20 cm from 4q
10 cm away from q
q – 2q q – 2q Q.32 (1)
2E E
2E 90 o
E
Negative charge is placed to achieve equilibrium.
r O

4q –Q q
E E
x
–q + 2q –q + 2q
Net force on Q is zero
kq K 4qQ kqQ
Electric field at centre due to charge q , E 
 a 
2
 =
(  x) 2
x2
 
 2  x = /3
Net force on q is also zero
kq
Now field at O = E2  E2  E 2  · 2 kQq
 a 
2 k4qq 4q
 = ; Q=
  ( / 3)2 2 9
 2
Q.33 (4)
6 Option (b) is not possible because it is not obeying
9 10 10  2  2
9
 = 1.02 × 107 N/C (upward) the fact that number of lines of force has to be
(5  102 ) 2 proportional to magnitude of charge. Option (c) is not
Q.30 (2) possible because it is violating the fact electric lines
Electric field at a point due to positive charge acts of force can never intersect.
away from the charge and due to negative charge it
Q.34 (3)
act’s towards the charge.

q q
E E
E
q q  Enet = 0
E
E
E Q.35 3)
q q
As more number of electric lines of force is ending at B
q –q
hence B has larger magnitude of charge than A.
2E
q E E Q.36 (1)
120o
q
E E 2E q in
E
E 2E Electric flux through all surfaces 
q –q 0
Enet = 2E

1 qin
2q 2q Through one surface = 6 
0
2E
E 2E
Q
q q  Enet = 0   10 6
2E
E 6 0
2E
2q 2q

8 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

Q.37 (4) Q.45 (2)

   
Flux  E  ds  E  ds cos  1
 = 90° net   Qenc Qenc = (2 – 1) 0
0
Flux = 0
Q.38 (3) Q.46 (2)
1 1
  Qenc  (2q)
0 0
Q.47 (3)
total = 0 The electric field is due to all charges present whether
circular + hemi = 0 inside or outside the given surface.
hemi = – circular Q.48 (2)
= – [EA cos180°] = – E (R2) (– 1) According to Gauss’s applications.

hemi  R 2 E Q.49 (1)

Electric field due to a hollow spherical conductor is
Q.39 (4) governed by following equation E = 0,
Flux entering =E×Projected area for r < R ...(i)
1
 E   2R  h Q
2 and E  for r  R ....(ii)
= E×hR 40 r 2
Q.40 (4) i.e. inside the conductor field will be zero and outside
Flux through surfaceA, A = E × R2 and B = –E × R2 1

the conductor will vary according to E 
r2
Q.50 (3)
Electric field inside a conductor is always zero.
E
Q.51 (3)
A C B
kQ
Electric field outside of the sphere E out 
r2

Flux through curved surface C   E.ds   Eds cos 90 = ...(i)
kQx
0 Electric field inside the dielectric sphere E in 
 Total flux through cylinder = A + B + C = 0 R3
...(ii)
Q.41 (1)
From (i) and (ii),
As there is no charge residing inside the cube, hence
r2x
net flux is zero. E in  E out 
R
Q.42 (3)
At 3 cm,
 
 E  ds is total flux hence
E  100 
3(20) 2
 120 V / m
103
 
If  E  ds  0 total flux is zero. Q.52 (1)
If charge is at A or D, its all field lines cut the given
Q.43 (2)
surface twice which means that net flux due to this
Charge enclosed by cylindrical surface (length 100 cm)
charge remains zero and flux through given surface
is Qenc = 100 Q.
remains unchanged.
1 1 Q.53 (3)
By applying Gauss’s law   (Qenc )  (100 Q)
0 0
qin
Q.44 (2) Net flux =2 – 1 =  qin = 0 (2 – 1)
0
  1
By using  E.dA   0
(Qenc )

PHYSICS 9
Electric Charges and Fields

 
Thus the angle between the p and E is 180º
EXERCISE-IV Q.6 (4)
The electric field lines do not form closed loop. All
Q.1 0191 other statements are correct.
Q.2 0208
Q.3 2.5 Q.7 (1)
Q.4 0.5 Let us call spheres as A and B.
+6µC +9µC
2k
Ey A B
y x 1 d
    0.5
tan = E x 2k y 2 According to Coulomb’s law, the force of repulsion
x between A and B separated by a distance d is
Q.5 (4) 1  6C  9C 
Q.6 (4) F
4 0 d2
If both Assertion & Reason are false
...(i)
Q.7 (1)
When a charge of –3µC is given to both the spheres,
Q.8 (2)
then charge on A = + 6 µC –3µC
and on B = +9 µC –3µC = + 6µC
Q.9 (1)
Again by Coulomb’s law, the new force of repulsion
Q.10 (4)
between A and B separated by the same distance d is
1  3C  6C 
PREVIOUS YEAR'S F' 
4 0 d2

K CET ...(ii)
Dividing eqn. (ii) by eqn. (i), we get
Q.1 (2)
Charge on the body is q = ne 1

 3C  6C 
 No. of electrons present on the body is
F' 40 d2

q 1109 C F 1  6C  9C 
n  = 6.25 × 109
e 1.6 1019 C 40 d2
Q.2 (3)
Force is same in magnitude for both.  3C  6C  1 F
= 6C 9C  3 or F ' 
 m1a1 = m2a2    3
a1 m 2 1 Q.8 (4)
=  2 If there is only one type of charge in the universe then
a 2 m1 0.5
it will proudce electric field somehow. Hence Gauss’s
Q.3 (4) law is valid.
If there is only one type of charge in the universe then
it will produce electric field somethow. Hence Gauss’s Q.9 (1)
law is valid. Force = Ee
Ee
Q.4 (3) Acceleration 
Here, Q = 3nC = 3 × 10–1 C m
R = 2 cm = 2 × 10–2m 1 2
At a point 3 cm from the centre, i.e., r = 3cm = 3 × 10–2 m h at
2
 Electric field,
2h 2hm
1 Q 9  109  3  109 t 
E  a Ee
40 r 2  3 102  = 3 × 10 Vm
2 4 –1

Q.5 (1) Q.10 (3)

 Force on each sphere
The direction of electric ( E ) at any point on the
 kq1q 2 16k
equatorial line is opposite to the dipole moment ( p ). =  2 ×10–18N
r2 d

10 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

When both the spheres are allowed to touch each other,

4  1 q2  4F
the charges get redistributed.   
9  40 r 2  9
 2  8
Charge on each sphere = nC = –3 nC Q.13 (3)
2
P.d=E×d
k  3nC 
2

Force on each sphere = 

9k
×10–18N 40  E  2  102
2
r r2
40  100
According to question, E  20  100
2
16k 9k 3 = 2000 V/m
2
 10 18  2  10 18 ; r  d
d r 4
Q.14 (3)
Q.11 (1) Let r be the distance between q1 and q2.
The magnitude of electric field due to a point charge q According to coulomb’s law, the force between them is
1 q1  2Q  q1 
at a distance r from the charge is
1 q1q 2
F   q1  q 2  2Q 
E
1 q 4 0 r 2
4 0 r2
40 r 2
dF
Here, E = 2 N C—1, r = 30 cm = 0.3 m, For F to be maximum dq  0 as Q and r are constant.
1
1
9 2 –2
40 = 9 ×10 N m C , q = ? d  1 2 
 dq  4 r 2  2Qq1  q1    0
1  
 9 10 Nm C  q
0
9 2 2

 2NC —1
=
 0.3m  Q
2
2Q – 2q1 = 0; Hence, q  1
1

 2NC  0.09m   2 10

1 2
11
C
Q.15 (1)
or q =
 9 10 Nm C 
9 2 2 Since the charge is placed at the corner A, the electric
field direction will be along the planes ABCD, ABGH
Thus, the magnitude of point charge will be 2 × 10—11C and ADEH.
 Flux through face ABCD,
Q.12 (3)  
  E.dA
Let q be each charge.
According to Coloumb’s law, the force of repulsion = EdA cos90º = 0
between the two charges when kept in air is [As area vector is perpendicular to the
plane]
1 q2 
F A
4 0 r 2
D C
When half of the gap between the two charges is filled
with the dilectric slab of dielectric constant K (=4), the 
E
new force of repulsion between them becomes
A B
1 q2
F'
4 0
 r  t   t K 
2
E F

(where t is thickness of the

slab) H G

1 q2  r  Q.16 (1)
 2 
as t  , K  4  Given, EA = 40 V m–1
40   r r   2 
r  2   2 4  and q = 20 µC = 20 × 10–6C
   Force on 20 µC charge at A,
FA = qEA = 20 × 10–6 × 40 = 800 × 10–6 = 8 × 10–4 N
1 q2 1 q2 Electric field  Number of field lines per unit area.
 
4 0  r 
2
40  3 2
  r  r
2  2 

PHYSICS 11
Electric Charges and Fields

= charge density

EA 2 EA
 E  1  EB  2    2k 2k 
B E  E1  E 2    N /C
R R 0 R
Force on 20 µC charge at B,
qE A 1
FB = qEB =  × 8 × 10–4 V m–1 Q.3 (1)
2 2 Here, r = 10cm, q = 3.2 × 10–7 C
Q.17 (3)
kq 9 109  3.2 107
1 E 
Given l = × 10–2 C m–1 r2 225 104
4 E = 1.28 × 105 N/C
x = 20 cm = 20 × 10–2 m
From Gauss law, electric field due to an infinitely long Q.4 (1)
wire Given
Vd = 7.5 ×10–4
1  2  E = 3 × 10–10|
E  .
20 x 40 x Mobility of charged particle

1 1 Vd 7.5  104
or E = 2 × 9 × 109 × × 10–2 ×   = 2.5 × 106 m2 V–1 s–1.
4 20  102 E 3  1010
or E = 0.225 × 109
 E = 2.25 × 108 NC–1 Q.5 (1)
Since, R>>L, the given charge configuration can be
Q.18 (1) treated as dipole.
v 2  2as Electric field due to a dipole at any arbitrary point
(R,) is
Ee
 2  s  2  104  1.8  1011  2  102
m p
E 3cos 2   1
= 7.2×1013 40 R 3
= 72×1012
v = 8.5×106
1
Q.19 (3) Here, E  .
R3
Q.20 (4)
Q.21 (2)
Q.22 (1) Q.6 (2)
NEET The angle between Electric field and an equi-potential
surface is always 90º. This is because, when the potential
Q.1 (2)
becomes constant, the negative potential gradient also
For hollow conducting sphere
becomes zero, hence necessitating the need for Electric
For r < R, E = 0
field to be always normal with surface.
Kq
For r > R  E  so E decreases
r2 Q.7 (3)
 
Q.2 (3)  on a dipole = p  E
 – pEsin
4 = q× × E × sin 30°
1
4 = q × 2 ×10–2 × 2 × 105 ×
2
q = 2 × 10–3
R R q = 2 mC

 2k
E due to infinite line charge 
R

12 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

JEE MAIN 2
Q.1 (1) = Ex A  × 4 × 103 × 0.4 = 640
5
3 Q.6 [12]
P1= E (0.2)
5 0
4
P2 = E (0.3)
5 0
 1 1 1 
 P1 0.6 1 F = k(1C)(1µC) 1   2  2  ...
 
2
 = = 2 4 8
 P2 1.2 2
1
= 9 × 10 1  1 3
= 12 × 103N
Q.2 (3) 4
E. F is zero inside conducting sphere thus electric flux
is also zero. Q.7 (1)
Let the charge on dipole is q.
Q.3 (1)
+ F1 F2

p +q +q
 +
r x
y
Fix Fix +
e
–
d d –
e
2k 2kq
F1 =  q; F2 
r rx
d d 2kq 2kq
Fnet = F1 – F2 = –
r rx
Restoring force on proton
2Kq  x 2  9  109  3  106  2  103  q
2Ke y 2 Fnet = r  r  x  ; 4 =
10  10 3  12  10 3
Fr = y <<<<<d
(d 2  y 2 )3 2 q = 4.44 × 10–6 C = 4.44 C

2Ke2 y e2 y Q.8 (2)

Fr = = ky
d3 2  0 d 3

EF 1 kq
e2 EA
k=
2  0 d 3 EG
EE 2 2
kq
ED
EB 2
k e2 EH
= = EC
m 2 0 md 3 kq
2
Q.4 226
kq kq
using gues law it is a part of cube of side 12 cm and
EA 
kq

kq EB  
2 2 
2
2
 2 
2
Q 12C
charge at centre so  = 6 = 6
0 0 kq 1 kq
EC 
2kq
2
kq ED  
x × 103 = 2 × 4 × 9 × 109 × 10–6
 2  2 2
2

2
2
 = 72 × 103 SI units
x = 226 2kq kq
EE   EF 
kq

kq
  2
2

Q.5 (640) 2 

2
2

PHYSICS 13
Electric Charges and Fields

kq 1 kq
EG 
2kq
2
kq EH   Q -Q
 2  2 2
2

2
2
E

E net
kq kq
 2 2  2 
 2
1 q
40  2 2 
2 2 1  
Q.9 (3)
 
Since = E·A  EA cos 
 Q  qQ
F = qE = q  = = 10N
 A 0  A 0
Now, when one plate is removed.

Q Q
2 2
 = 90º
=0
q
Q.10 (1)
Let us consider a small ring of radius r and thickness dr
E’
·
on disc.
Q
dr E' =
2A 0
r z-axis Qq
F = qE' = = 5N
Z 2AE 0

The area of elemental ring on disc, dA = 2rdr Q. 13 (4)

Charge on this elemental ring dq = dA k(2)(2)
Electric field due to this elemental ring, F=
(1) 2
kdqz
dE z  (F = Force between two charges)
z  r2 
2 3/2
F = 4k
3
  
R
z Fnet = 2Fcos 30º = 2.F. =F 3
Net electric field, E   dEz  1   2
0
20  R z 
2 2
(Fnet = Net electrostatic force on one charged ball)

Q.11 (2) Fnet

F
=
3F
F
= 3  
E qE E Remark : Net force on any one of the ball is zero. But
not option given in options.

mg Q.14 (4)
qE = mg u = 200 m/s, q = 40 C
N
mg 0.1  10 –3  9.8 E = 1 
q  C
E 4.9  105
m = 100 mg = 0.1 kg
= 2 × 10–9 C

Q.12 (1)
E



14 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

u v=0  – V v v
E= ˆi - Jˆ - kˆ
F  qE x y x
s
F qE  d
a =  E– = – 3x 2 ˆi
m m dx
III equation of motion 
E– = –6xiˆ
v2 = u2 + 2as – u2 = – 2as
at (1, 0, 3)
u2 = 2as

E– = –6iˆ V/ m
u2 u2 u2m
s =   Q.18 (3)
2a 2qE 2qE
If the electric field is in the positive direction and the
m
positive charge is to the left of that point then the electric
(200  200)  0.1 field will increase. But to the left of the positive charge
s = 2  40 106 105  0.5m the electric field would decrease.
If the dipole is kept at the point where the electric field
Q.15 (3) is maximum then the force on it will be zero.
Electric force on a positive charge is along electric field
and that on negative charge is opposite ot electric field Q.19 (1)
wherease direction of magnetic force is perpendicular
to both velocity and magnetic field. Hence statement I
is correct and statement II is incorrect.

Q.16 [17]

F'1  F'2
Kq 0 Q Kq 0 Q
Fnet  F '2  F'1  
(a  x) 2 (a  x) 2

 (a  x)2  (a  x)2 
 kq0 Q  
 (a 2  x 2 )2 

kq0 Q[4ax]
F2 A Fnet  a  x
(a 2  x 2 )2

kq0 Q4ax 4q0 Qx 1  q0 Q 

Fnet   ·   3 
x
a 4
a 3
40  0 ma 
F1
aQx  q0Q 
12 ma cc.   acc.    3 
x
k  0.3  5  10 ( 0 a )
3
  0 ma 
F1 
9  104
 0 ma 3 4  2 ma 3 0
9  109  1.5  108 T  2 
 15 q0Q q0 Q
9
9  109  0.8  108 Q.20 (2)
F2 
9 Let Q = 4
Now q is another part then
Fnet  225  64  289  17
force between them
K Q  q  q
Q.17 (4) F
We know that potential V (x, y, z) is given then electric r2
field is :

PHYSICS 15
Electric Charges and Fields

dF
0 0 4  3 r 3 r 4 
For Fmax
dq E·4r 2    
0  4 3 4R 
Or Q – 2q = 0
0 r 3  r 
q
Q Er 2  1  
2 4 0  R 

4 0 r  r 
Hence q  2 E 1  
2 4 0  R 
Q.21 (2) Q.23 (288)
Vy

m
y
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 B
Vx
C
e
– A
x
m/s
 m/e
D

1 2
ux = 2m/s ax = 0 sx = uxt+ at 
2 x E = E 0 xiˆ
v x = u x + a2 t 1 = 2x t + 0 net = ABCD = E0a.a2
Vx = ux = 2m/s t = 0.5 sec.
eE e  8m  q en
    8m / s
2 3
uy = 0 ay =
m m e  0 = E0 a
vy = uy + ayt = 0 + 8x 0.5 = 4 m/s
qen = E0 0 a3
vy  vy  = 4 × 104 × 9 × 10–12 × 8 × 10–6
tan  = tan–1   = 288 × 10–14 C
vx  vx 
Q = 288
4
= tan  2 
–1
Q.24 (1)

 tan–1 (2) 1 q1q 2

Q.22 (3) F=
 0  kd 2 (in medium)
4
By Gauss law

1 q1q 2
FAir = 2
40 d '
F = FAir

q1q 2 q1q 2
2 =
40 kd 40 d '2

d’ = d k
  Qin
 E·dS  0 Q.25 (45)

r 3 r 
0     4r dr
1 2 e
2
0 0.5e = mv x  vx =
E·4r 2   4 R  2 m
0

16 PHYSICS
 Electric Charges and Fields

e 2Kqq0 x
Along x L = vx t = t F=
x + a2 
3/2
m 2

eE For F to be maximum
Along y vy = t
m
dF
vy =0
e dx
dividing E = Evx
L m
a
vy x=
2
 Tan = = E × L = 10 × 0.1 = 1
vx Q.29 (4)
 = 45° Assuming RHS to be n̂

Q.26 (24)    
EI  (nˆ )  (nˆ )   nˆ
2 0 2 0 0
12 x

–q0 q0 
4q0 E II  0,

q0 4q 0    
E III  ( nˆ )  ( nˆ )  nˆ
2 =
 x  12 
2
x 2 0 2 0 0

x + 12 = 2x Q.30 (2)
x = 12 Electric field inside material of conductor is zero.
Distance from origin = x + 12 = 24 cm.

Q.27 (4)

Q / 0
= Q I II III
6 O a

b
2L
2L

2L
q (1) EI = 0, EII = 0, EIII  0 (2) EI  0, EII = 0, EIII  0
L (3) EI  0, EII = 0, EIII = 0 (4) EI = 0, EII = 0, EIII = 0
Q.31 (12)

E = 2x2 î – 4y ĵ + 6 k̂
q
Flux passing through shaded face =
60
z
Q.28 (2)
(0,0,3)

F(x) . q

2a
x
.
q0 (0,0,0) (0,2,0)
y

. q
(1,0,0)

PHYSICS 17
Electric Charges and Fields

net = –8 × 3 + 2 × 6 = –12

q
–12=
0
2h
|q| = 12 0 h
Q.32 (3)
2kp 30º
E=
r3
Q.33 [5440]
kq 2 1
  mg sin    20  10   10 3
4h 2 2
1 4q 2 1 2q 2
F= 
4 0  R  2 40  3R 2 9  109  4  1012
4  4    101
    4h 2
9
16q 2  2   102
 9  109  4  9  h2
R2  
 9   3
9 109  16  4 1012 34 h2     h    m  0.3m
  N  5440N  100   10 
4 9 –3
104 = 300 × 10 m
Q.34 (3) Q.37 (1)
Q Q
We know that for , force would be maximum. r
2 2 E inside   r1
30
Q.35 (1) 1 Q 1
E outside   2
q in 40 r 2
r
= =0
ε0

Q.36 [300]

18 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

EXERCISE-I (K CET LEVEL)

Q.1 (2) +q –q
O
Potential energy of change q is
E+ E–
equal to a.x potential at that point. r r

Q.2 (4)
Q.9 (1)
Let q is charge and a is racdius of single drop. U = 10

2 P.d    Exdx
3kq 20
5a
10
 x 21 
10
100
charge on big drop = nq.   dx  100  
 2  1  20
2
20
x
Let Radius of big drop is R.
1 1
4 4
R3  n. a3  100    = 5V
 R = an1/3. 10 20 
3 3
P.E. of big drop
Q.10 (1)
3 k( qn)2 3 k.q2n2
5
 V
=   Un 3
Ey = x =
5 R 5 an 1/ 3
x
Q.3 (2) V = –xy + C
q –q q
x=–a x=0 x=a Q.11 (3)

 kq 2 kq 2 kq 2  dv 
U   EA  EC  0  E  dr 
a a 2a  
3kq 2 E0 = 4
U
2a EB = –2 EA=EC and EB<ED
Q.4 (1)
Potential at origin is Q.12 (3)
dV
kq kq E=
v =  0 dr
a a
Q.5 (3) dV
at r = 3, slope = =0
Electrostatic force is a conservative force. (work done dr
by conservative force does not depend on path.) E=0
 Force = qE = 0
Q.6 (1)
W = Q (VB – VA) Q.13 (4)
 15 = 0.01 (VB –VA) w=PE[cos1–cos2]
VB –VA = 1500V w=PE[cos–cos 90]
Q.7 (2) W=PE
Since potential inside the hollow sphere is same as
Q.14 (1)
that on the surface.   
  PE
Q.8 (3) Q.15 (1)
At O, E ¹ 0, V = 0 Potential energy of electric dipole,
= .

PHYSICS 19
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

In Fig. (a), rad hence 240

V1 =  80V
3
Q.16 (1) C2 = 40 V  Q2 40 × 2 = 80 C
C  Depends material & dimensions only Q3 = 40 × 4 = 160 C
Q.17 (2) Q.22 (3)
4F 4F 1 F 2 F
A B A B
+Q –Q +Q –Q
v1 v2
4F
(Q)1F = (Q) 2F
2F 1 × v1 = 2v2 ...(1)
A B v1 + v2 = 120 ....(2)
From Eq (1) and (2)
 v1 = 80 volts
4F v2 = 40 volts
CAB = 2 + 4 = 6F Q.23 [3]
Q.18 (1) 1 1
Ceq = C1 + C2 Q= CV2 = x 2 x 10–6 x 104 = 0.01 J
2 2
Hence the correct answer will be (3)
Q.19 (1)
The given circuit is equivalent to a parallel combination
two identical capacitors Q.24 (1)

C 1 v2
Energy density = 0 2
2 d

A C B Q.25 (2)

1 Q2
Uin 
Hence equivalent capacitance between A and B is 2 C
 0 A  0 A 2 0 A
C=   C
On halving the distance C 
1
d d d ; Q = constant
2
Q.20 (4)

C 1 Q2 1 Q2 Q2
Cnet = .V = 2V Ufin   
2 net 2 C1 2  C  C
2
Q.21 (1)  

Hence work done W = Ufin – Uin

V1 2F Q 2 1 Q2 Q2
V2   
C 2 C 2C
3F
4F Q.26 (2)

1 1 1
W= CV22 – CV12 = C(900 – 225)
2 2 2
120V
2
C W
63 675
Ceq   2F
63 Now in 2nd case
 Q = 120 × 2 C 1 1
= 240C C[(60)2 – (30)2] = C[3600 – 900]
2 2

20 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

1 2
.  k = q2 (10 – 2) = 8q2
= W[2700] = 4W
2 675
Q.27 (3)
Q.3 ( 4)
1
U  CV 2 Key Idea : Work done is equal to change in potential
2 energy.
 when a dielectric is inserted then C So U In Ist case, when charge + Q is situated at C.
Electric potential energy of system in that case
Q.28 (2)
1 (q)(– q) 1 (– q)Q 1 qQ
o A K o A U1 = 4 + 4 + 4 .
Cair = C medium = 0 2L 0 L 0 L
d d

EXERCISE-II (NEET LEVEL)

In IInd case, when charge +Q is moved from C to D.

Electric potential energy of system in that case

Q.1 (4) 1 1 1
(q)(– q) qQ
Utotal = 0 U2 = 4 + 4 . + 4
0 2L 0 3L 0
K (q )Q0 K (Q0 )(q) K (q)(q)
  0 (– q)(Q)
  2 L
 2kqQ0  kqq
=–
 2
 Work done = U = U2 – U1
q
 Q0   2 
2 2  – 1 q  1 qQ – 1 qQ
=  4 2L `4 3L 4 L 
Q.2 (1)  0 0 0 
The change in potential energy of the system is UD –  2 
UC as discussed under.  – 1 q – 1 . qQ  1 . qQ 
–  4 2L `4 L 40 L 
When charge q3 is at C, then its potential energy is  0 0

1  q1 q3 q2 q3  qQ  1 1  qQ 1 – 3 
  –  = c
UC = 4   = .
40  3L L  40 3L
0  0 .4 0 .1 
When charge q3 is at D, then –2qQ qQ
= 120L = – 60L
1  q1 q3 q2 q3 
UD = 4   
0  0 .4 0 .1  Q.4 (1)
Hence, change in potential energy
U = UD – UC D C
–q 
1  q 2 q3 q 2 q3 
= 4   
0  0 .1 0.5 

q3
but U = 4 k =
0
A B
+q
1  q 2 q3 q 2 q3 
  
40  0.1 0.5 
Interaction energy
q3 1  q 2 q3 q 2 q3  U=UAS+UBC+UCD+UDA+UCA+UBD
 4 = 4   
0 0  0 .1 0.5 

PHYSICS 21
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Kq 2  Kq 2  Kq 2 Kq 2 Kq 2 Kq 2 Q.10 (3)

U     
a  a  a a 2a 2a kq KQ
VP   0
x x
4Kq 2 2Kq 2
  q Q
a a
x P

 
2
Kq r
 2 4
a
Q.5 (2) R

 q = –Q
 kq 2
 kq  2
4   2  Q.11 (3)
 a   2a 
 
Q.6 (3) V 
1 Q
 3 3R 2  r 2 
4 0 2R
 
 
4 –1
x V
x+3
3KQ
2R
k4 k1 KQ
2 = R
( x  3) x2
 x = 63
R r
k  4 k 1 9 109 10 6
V= – = = 3000 V Q.12 (2)
6 3 3 Potential at the centre O,
Q.7 (1)
1 Q
V = V1 + V2 + V3 V  4 ·
4 0 a 2
10 6 2  10 6 3  10 6 
V = 9 × 109    =9×103V
 1 2 3  10
where Q   10 9 C and a = 8 cm = 8 × 10–2 m
3
Q.8 (2)
+q +q
W = –q (Vf– Vi) = –q(V– Vi) = +qVi A B
2 2
kq 8q
Vi  8.  a
r 4 0 r 2
O

8q 2
W
4 0 r D C
+q +q
Q.9 (2)
10
 109
KQ1 KQ2 So V  5  9  10  3 9
 1500 2 volt
V= + 8  102
R r
2
K 4 R 2 K4r 2
= + Q.13 (2)
R r
1 2QV
V = (R + r) 4 × 4 Using v  
0
m

(R r) vA QA q 1
= 0 v  Q  v  Q  4q  2
B B

22 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.14 (4) Q.20 (2)

At equation of dipole potential is zero.
dv
E rˆ =–qradiant (v) So correct am is B.
dr
Q.21 (4)

îd ˆ d ˆ d
 j k  5x  3y  15z  
dx dy dz   There are two dipoles of P  q(a)

P
   5iˆ  3jˆ  15kˆ 
  60°

P

E  25  9  15  7
so Pnet  3p  3qa
Q.22 (2)
Q.15 (1)
12 × 10–3 Nm
v = –x2y – xz3 + 4
dv Maximum torque =  | P  E | = PE sin 
Ex    2xy  z 3
dx max = PE
v = 0 × 2 × 10–6 × 10–2 × 2 × 105
Ey    x2
y = 12 × 10–3 Nm
v Q.23 (3)
Ez    3xz 2
z Potential energy = – pE cos
E = (2xy + z3)i + (x2)j + (3xz2)k When  = 0. Potential energy = – pE (minimum)
Q.16 (2)
v x Q.24 (2)
 dv    E dx 0 A
v 0 x 0 C=
d
 v – 0 = – E0 (x – 0)
 v = – E0x 0 AV
Q = CV =
Q.17 (B) d
W = qEx = 8 × 10 × 10 × 10–2 ]
Q.18 (1) 8.85  1012  400  104  200
=
3  103
= 3.54 × 10– 8C
Q.25 (3)
E 10
2 8
5 CAB = 2
3 3

O 4 6 Q.26 (3)
2

V2  V6    Edr = area under the curve

1
V2–V6 = (10) (2) + (10) (2) = 30
2
Q.19 (2)
8
1 Redraw the ckt. CAB = F
8
K.P cos  90  10  2  10
9
 3
V =V  2
r2 Q.27 (2)
(3 ) 2
Identify wheatstone bridge
= 10 volt
PHYSICS 23
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

2F 5C  C/2 5C
P 2F 1F Q Ceq  
C 11
5C 
2F 5F 2

2F 1F
10
Ceq  f
11
Q.30 (3)
C = 1 F, C' = 3F
V= 500V, V' =2000 V

CPQ = 1F

Q.28 (1)
Redraw circuit

Suppose m rows of given capacitors are connected in

parallel and each row now contains n capacitors then
Cnet of W.S.B. V'
potential difference across each capacitor V  and
63 84 n
= 
63 84
mC
equivalent capacitance of network C'  on
n
32 14
= 2 
putting values.
12 3
This is in series with 7 V' 2000
 V  500 
n n
14
7 mC
14 n=4  C' 
So, Ceq.  3  n
14 5
7
3 m 1
3  m = 12
4
Q.29 (1)
 total capacitors = m × n = 48

Q.31 (3)
Since both capacxitors are in series so charge on each
capacitor will be same.
Applying KVL from A to B :-

 Q Q
VA  VB  E 
C1 C2
5C C/2

1 1 
or VA  VB  E  Q  C  C 
 1 2 
C=2f
10 3 6
Ceq  f 5 + 10 = Q   10 
11 2 

24 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

When battery is disconnected, then charge remains

30
Q  10 C same.
3
So, energy
Q 10  10 6
V1    10V
C1 1 10 6 capacitance when plate separation is doubled.

Q.32 (3) So,

Q1 = C1V = 2 × 5 = 10C
Q2 = C2V = 3 × 5 = 15C
Q3 = C3V = 5 × 5 = 25C
When battery is connected, then
Q.33 (2)
Energy

where

Q.37 (3)
15 47 Initial energy of combined system
Ceq = +4= F
8 8 1 1
U1  CV12  CV22
q q 2 2
 =8 
3 5
q = 15C
V1  V2
Final common potential, V 
Charge on 2F 2
Final energy of system,
q1 15 – q1 30
  1  V  V2 
q1 = = 6.0C 2
2 3 5 U2  2  C  1 
Q.34 (2) 2  2 
Hence loss of energy
 U1  U 2
1
1
 C  V1  V2 
2
Work = CV2  U = CV 2
2 4
Q.35 (2)
Q.38 (4)
Energy supplied by the battery is
U = CV2 = Q2/C = QV oA
C= = 2 × 10–6 F
= (10–6) (300) d
= 3 × 10– 4J K  oA
C’= = 6 × 10–6 F
Q.36 (1) 2d
Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor k
=3 k 6
2
Q.39 (4)
Where area of the plates,
A o
separation between the plates, K2
V1 C 2 2d  3
 
Charge stored in the capacitor V2 C1 A 2  (4)
K1 o
d

PHYSICS 25
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.40 (2) Work done in shifting (– Q) charge from centre to

0 A infinity
C  10 F
d 4 2Q 2 2Q 2
W  Q(V  VO ) = QV0  =
k1 0 A 4 0 a  0 a
C1 =  10 F
2d Q.4 (1)
k 2 0 A Potential at the centre of square
C2   20 F
2d  9  109  50  106 
Ceq = C1 + C2 = 30 F V  4     90 2  10 V
4

 2 2 
Q.41 (1) Work done in bringing a charge (q = 50 mC) from  to
centre (O) of the square is W = q (V0 – V) = qV0
Q1 C1V CV
  1  W  50 106  90 2 104  64 J
Q2 C2 V KC1V ( V = const.)
Q.5 (4)
Q2 100 Work done in displacing charge of 5 C from B to C is
K   2.5
Q1 40 W = 5 × 10–6 (VC – VB) where

A
100  C
EXERCISE-III (JEE MAIN LEVEL)-II
Q.1 (4) 40 cm 50 cm
By energy conservation
B C
1 kQq
Initially : 0 + mv 2 = +5  C 30 cm
2 r
1 kQq
Finally sa : m (2v)2 =
2 r´ 100 106 9
VB  9 109   106 V
4kQq kQq 0.4 4
So =
r r´ 100 106 9
and VC  9 10   106 V
9

r 0.5 5
or r´ =
4
So W  5  106   106  106    J
9 9 9
Q.2 (3)
5 4  4
ABCDE is an equipotential surface, on equipotential
surface no work is done in shifting a charge from one Q.6 (2)
By conservation of machenical energy
place to another.
1 k q1q2 k q1q2 1
Q.3 (3) mv 2  – (2  10 – 3 ) v 2
Potential at centre O of the square 2 r1 r2 2

Q Q 1 1 
= 9 × 109 × 10–6 × 10–3  1 – 10 
 
a O 9
a or v2 = 9 × 103 × or v = 90 m/sec
2 10
Q.7 (3)
PE may increase may decrease depending on sign
Q Q
of charges.

  Q.8 (3)
Q
V0  4  
 4 a
 0  
2 
 Kinetic energy K 
1
mv 2  eV  v 
2eV
2 m

26 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.9 (4) Q.17 (2)

Conducting surface behaves as equipotential surface. At equator of dipole potential is zero.
Q.10 (2) So correct Ans. is (2)
Potential V any where inside the hollow sphere,
1 Q Q.18 (3)
including the centre is V = 4 · R PE = q (Vfinal – Vinitial)
0
PE = qV PE decreases if q is +ve increases if q is
Q.11 (2) –ve.
Q.19 (2)
Q
Vinside  for r  R ....(i) U =– QV
40 R Q.20 (2)
In the direction of electric field potential decreases..
Q
and Vout  4 r for r  R ....(ii) Q.21 (4)
0
On the equipotential surface, electric field is normal to
i.e. potential inside the hollow spherical shell is the charged surface (where potential exists) so that no
work will be done.
constant and outside varies according to V  1 . Q.22 (2)
r
In balance condition
Q.12 (3)
V 4 3 
 QE = mg  Q   r   g
d 3 
E
3
r3 Q1  r1  V2
 Q    
V Q2  r2  V1
120º
120º 3
Q  r  600
120º     2
Q 2  r 2  2400
E E
 Q2 = Q/2

At centre Enet=0 Q.23 (1)

But V  0 Intensity at 5m is same as at any point between B and
C because the slope of BC is same throughout (i.e.,
Q.13 (2) electric field between B and C is uniform). Therefore
Potential is a Scalar quantity. electric field at R = 5m is equal to the slope of line BC
dV
Q.14 (4) hence by E  ;
dr
K(2  106 ) A B
V 5
1/2
Potential in volts

4
3
K(3  10 6 ) K(6  10 6 )
 2
1/2 3 /2 1
C
5
 1.52  10 V O 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance R in meters
Q.15 (2)
kQ (0  5) V
Apply the formula V = E  2.5
r 64 m
Q.16 (1) Q.24 (2)
dV
kQ 9  10 9  1.5  10 –9  E Vx = – xE0
 VC =  VC = = 27 V.. dX
r ( 0 .5 )
PHYSICS 27
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.25 (1)
In non-uniform electric field. Intensity is more, where +q
E
the lines are more denser.
Q.26 (4)

–q

2m

60° E
X Q.32 (2)
d
1 2p
E · 3
W = qV = qE.d 40 r
 4 = 0.2  E  (2 cos 60o) Q.33 (2)
= 0.2 E  (2  0.5)   
  PE
 E  4  20 NC 1
0.2 Q.34 (1)
At equatorial of diple V = 0
Q.27 (3)

10V Q.35 (4)

E 20V
 p cos 
30° 30° V If  = 0° then Va = max
r2
r
If  = 180 ° then Ve = min

Using dV  E.dr
Q.36 (4)
 V = –E.r cos 
Potential due to dipole in general position is given by
V 
 E k.p cos  k.p cos r k·(p·r)
r cos  V  V  
r2 r3 r3
 Q.37 (2)
Potential energy of electric dipole
(20  10)  10  10 2
E 2  2
  200 U = –pE cos = – (q × 2l) E cos 
10  10 cos120
10  10 ( sin 30 )  1 / 2
U = –(3.2 × 10–19 × 2.4 × 10–10) 4× 105 cos 
V/m U = –3 × 10–23 (approx.)
Direction of E be perpendicular to the equipotential
surface i.e. at 120° with x-axis. Q.38 (4)
1
Area = QV = Energy
Q.28 (3) 2
S & R are at same potential. Q.39 (3)
Volume of 8 small drops = Volume of big drop
Q.29 (2)
In the direction of electric field potential decreases. 4 4
8  r 3  R 3  R = 2r
3 3
Q.30 (4) As capacity is r, hence capacity becomes 2 times
Potential energy of dipole in electric field U = –PE cos
; where  is the angle between electric field and dipole. Q.40 (2)
Q.31 (4) By using Vbig  n 2 / 3 vsmall

pE sin  d    pE cos 90  0

270

270
Work done = Vbig 4
90   (8) 2 / 3 
vsmall 1

28 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.41 (4)
C
In the given system, no current will flow through the
branch CD so it can be removed C

C A B
 CAB = 3C
5 F C
10 10

A B Q.45 (2)
The given circuit can be simplified as follows
10 10 5 F
D 1F
2F
A 2F
A
Effective capacitance of the system = 5 + 5 = 10 F +
1F 1F
– 1F 2F 
1F
1F
B B
Q.42 (1) 2F  2F
Given circuit can be drawn as 2F 1F
A A

1F 1F  1F 2F

8 F
B B
2F
8 F
A B Hence equivalent capacitance between A and B is 2F.
8 F
Q.46 (4)
8 F Minimum when connected in series and maximum when
connected in parallel

Q.47 (3)
Equivalent capacitance = 4  8 = 32F The circuit can be rearranged as

Q.43 (4) 2F

The given circuit can be redrawn as follows 12F
A

B
10F 2F

12F 5F 8F 2F

A B
Q Q' Q.48 (1)
9F

2C P 2C P
60 V
2C 2C
A B 2C 2C C
C 
C C 2C Q
Q
Equivalent capacitance of the circuit CAB = 4 F
C + C = 2C 2C/ 2 = C
Charge given by the battery Q = Ceq V = 4 × 60 = 240 C
Charge in 5F capacitor
2C P 2C P
5
Q   240  50 C 2C
(10  5  9)   2C  CPQ=3C

C 2C
Q.44 (2) 3 C
Q Q
The given circuit can be redrawn as follows
C+C=2C

PHYSICS 29
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.49 (4) same. So using Q = CV

2F 1F 2F  C1V1 = C2V2  3 (1200 – Vp) = 6 (VP – VB)
A B  1200 – Vp = 2Vp ( VB = 0)
 3Vp = 1200  Vp = 400 volt
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 4
     2
C 2 1 2 2 2 Q.56 (1)
 CAB = 0.5 F
q2
Q.50 (2) P.E. is maximum if charge is max and 'C' is min. U =
2C
Charge flows to second capacitor until the potential is
same i.e. V/2. So new charge = CV/ 2 Q.57 (1)
Network can be redrawn as shown in figure.
Q.51 (3) This is a balanced Wheatstone’s network.
Charge on C1 = charge on C2 Equivalent capacitance Ceq = C
 C1(VA – VD) = C2 (VD – VB) Charge Q = CV
Charge on capacitor between the terminals A and B
C1V1  C2 V2
 C1(V1 – VD) = C1(VD – V2)  VD = C1  C2
Q CV

2 2
Q.52 (3)
1 1 1 1
   Ceq = 2 F B
Ceq 3 10 15
C C
Charge on each capacitor
Q = Ceq × V 2 × 100 = 200 C Energy stored in the capacitor A C E

Q.53 (4) C C
Potential difference across both the lines is same i.e. 2 D
V. Hence charge flowing in line 2 2
Q
2F 2F
1  V
  
2
Line (2)
2C
1F
Line (1) C C
B
A E
2V

D
2 C C
Q     2  2 C . So charge on each capacitor in
2
line (2) is 2 C V
2 2 2
Q.54 (3) Q CV CV 2
  
8
8C 8C 8
1 1 1 1
    C eq  F
Ceq 1 2 8 13 Given : C = 1F, V = 10 V

(1106 ) 102 100

8  106
Total charge Q  Ceq V   13  8 C =
8 8
13
= 12.5 J
8
Potential difference across 2F capacitor =  4V Q.58 (4)
2
1 1
Q.55 (3) U CV 2   2  106  (50) 2  25  104 J = 25 ×
Given circuit can be reduced as follows 2 2
In series combination charge on each capacitor remain 103 erg

30 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.59 (3) Q.66 (3)

Q-same
1 1
U CV 2   6 10 6  (100) 2  0.03 J
2 2 1
U'
Q.60 (1) C

1 E C' = KC
Let E  C0 V02 then, E1 = 2E and E 2 
2 2 C U
U' = U0  0
E1 4 C' K
So E  1
2 Q.67 (2)
Q.61 (2) potential divides in the inverse ratio of capacitance
1
CV 2 KC C
2 1 40  106  (3000) 2 V0 KC
Power =   90 kW V1 =
t 2  2  103 C  KC
Q.62 (1)

1 Q2
Energy U  for a charged capacitor charge Q is
2 C V0
constant and with the increase in separation C will
V0 K
decrease  C  1  , So overall U will increase. V1 =
1 K
 d
Q.68 (2)
Q.63 (2)
The energy stored in a condenser is in the form of Q2
potential energy U ; in given case C increases so U will decrease
2C

Q.64 (2) Q.69 (4)

In series combination of capacitors, voltage distributes 0 A
on them, in the reverse ratio of their capacitance C ......(i)
d
VA 3
i.e.  ......(i)  0 KA
VB 2 C  ......(ii)
2d
Also VA + VB = 10 .......(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii)
On solving (i) and (ii) VA = 6V, VB = 4V
C K

Q.65 (2) C 2
0 A
Without copper C  K
d  2  K=4
2

0 A Q.70 (3)
with copper C' 
 1 k1 0 A1 k 2 0 A 2
d  t 1   C R  C1  C2  
  r  d d

d
for copper r =  and t = A
2  0 4  0
A
2
 2  2 = 2  10  4  10  30 F
d d 2 2
0 A  A
Hence C'  2 0
d d
d Q.71 (4)
2
C'
2
C

PHYSICS 31
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

A A q Q C 0 V0 10
K1 0 K 2 0  
K  A
2  1 0 ; C  2  K 2 0 A and =
C  C =
C  C C  10
× 12 = 3
C1  C 0 0
d
2
d d d
 
 
2
 
 2   C = 30

K 30 A K 3 0 A Q.9 0025

C3  
2d 2d Q2 c2 v2 0 A
F= = = v2
2A 0 2A 0 2d 2
C1C3 K KK  A
Now, Ceq  C3    3  1 2 · 0
C1  C2  2 K1  K 2  d
8.85  10 12  17.7  10 4  500 
=
Q.72 (2) 2  (8.85  10 3 ) 2
In steady state potential difference across capacitor
V 2 =potential difference across resistance
1016  25 104
= = 25µN
 R2
R2  
 106
V
 R1  R 2 
Q.10 0119
Hence V2 depends upon R2 and R1
Q = CV
R2 4 4
 2 4
V = –   Edx = –20   x   dx
R1

3
C R3 3
3
V1
V2  x 3 4x 4 
V = –2Q   
 3 3 3 

+ –
V
1 4 
V = –2Q  [64  27 ]  [7]
EXERCISE-IV 3 3 

Q.1. 0002 Q 119 

= 3Q 
Q.2 0024 C  3 
Q.3 2.55 1
Q.4 0006 = 119 F–1
Q.5 – 9.6 C
Q.11 (1)
Q.6 5.2
Statement-I is T. Statement-II is T
Q.7 0012
Q.12 (1)
1 49 1 Statement-I is T. Statement-II is T
× = 262 = × (4 + 9) v2
2 49 2 Q.13 (2)
Q.14 (3)
6 Q.15 (1)
v = 26 × = 12
13 Q.16 (3)
Q.8 0030

q Qq  C  C0  Q PREVIOUS YEAR'S

=
C0  q  CC  = C
C  0  0
K CET
q
Q.1 (3)
Electric potential due to a point charge Q at distance r
+Q – q +q from it, is
C0 C
–(Q – q) –q 1 Q
V
4 0 r
32 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Here, Q = 3 nC = 3 × 10–9C Q.7 (1)

r = 9 cm 9 × 10–2 m
10 10 10
9 109  3 109 10
 v  300V 10
9  102
A B
 B
Q.2 (1) 10 A
As 10 10 10 10

It WSB
O V1 V2 V3
5 cm RAB=10 
10 cm
15 cm
Q.8 (4)
Net dipole of the system,
  
1 q p  p1  p 2
Vinside = Vsurface = 4 R
0
p  p12  p 22  2p1p 2 cos 
1 q
and Voutside = 4 R
0
 p1  p2  2qx 
where q is the charge on the shell and R its radius.  12q2 x 2  2 3qx
 V1 = V2 > V3
Q.3 (Bonus)
A +2q
Q.4 (2)
Shere with change at centre because potential at p1
 kq 
surface of sphere will be equal  
 r 
B 60º C
Q.5 (4) +2q p2 –4q
1 µC 1gm
2 mC u=0 v Q.9 (4)
Required work done
1m (Initial) (Final)
10m
= Change inpotenital energy of the system
Using energy conservation principle, Ei = Ef q1q 2 q1q 2 1 1
W = Uf – Ui = k r  k r  kq1q 2  r  r 
1 q1q 1 q1q 1 f i 
  mv 2
f i

40 r1 40 r2 2  W = (9 × 10 ) (3 × 10 × 1× 10 –9 ) ×
9 –9

qq 1 1  1 1 
 4  102  5  102 
1
mv 2  1     
2 40  r1 r2 
= 27 × 10–7 × (0.05) = 1.35 × 10–7J
1 1 
= 9 × 109 × 2 × 10–3 × 1 × 10–6    Q.10 (2)
 1 10 
Here, q = 2 C,m = 1kg, V = 1 V
1 9 Let the velocity acquired by the mass be v. Then
 mv 2  18  
2  10  1 2
mv = qV
18  2  9 2
v2 =  36  900
103  10 2qV 2  2C 1V 
or v   = 2 m s—1
v  36  900 = 6 × 30 = 180 m s
–1
m 1kg
Q.6 (3) Q.11 (4)
  
 1 2p  1 p E ax Potential difference between any two points on an
E ax  ; E eq    equipotential surface, i.e., V = 0.
4 0 r 3 4 0 r 3 2
Thus, the work done move a charge (q) on it is
 
 E ax  2E eq W = qV = 0

PHYSICS 33
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.12 (2)
PE
mv  
r | radius of circular path in B I
B
2 I
2mqv T  2
r r v  PE
qB
Q.18 (2)
when r1=2r The plane perpendicular to the field lines in which the
then v1=4v points A and B lies can be considered as an
Q.13 (3) equipotential surface.
Force acting on a charged particle in a uniform electric VA =VB
field is given by F = qE Since the field lines are always directed from higher
Distance travelled = y potential to lower potential,
Work done by electric force = qEy  VB > VC
According to work-energy theorem, Kf – Ki = WE
Kf – 0 = qEy  Kf = qEy Q.19 (3)
Given V = 1200 V, (K.E)i = 0
Q.14 (2) 1
qV = (K.E)f –(K.E)i  mvf2 = qV
dV 2
E=– = slope of the curve
dx 2qV 2 1.6 1019 1200
 vf  
2
In region A and C slope is zero. So, EA =, EC = 0 m 9.11031
dV 42 = 4.43 × 1014
In region B, EB = – dx 
B 2  1 = –2 or v f  4.43  1014 = 2.1 × 107 m s–1
dV 40 Q.20 (3)
In region D, ED = – dx 
4  5 =4 2KP
D
E & potential
 EB < ED r3
1 1
Q.15 (1) E v
In uniform field, torque is created. In non-uniform field, r3 r2
force and torque are created. Q.21 (4)
R S
Q.16 (3)
Case I: For unlike charges
P Q
When one of the charges in negative, q1q2 < 0, therefore
y
the potential energy of the system is negative. + _
Now, if distance between the charges is increased,
potential eneryg of the system will increase.
P R
Case II: For like charges (both positive or negative) 
Since for like charges q1q2 > 0, therefore potential Q S
energy of the system is positive.
Now, if distance between the charges is increased Then temperature  R  sop 
potential energy of the system will decrease.
l R

Q.17 (2) 100  l S
  P  E
 l 
= –PE sin R   & then it will shift towards right.
for small angles  100  l 
   PE Q.22 (3)
Q.23 (2)
Id 2
  PE Let V0 be the potential difference between the plates of
dt 2 an air filled parallel plate capacitor.
d 2   PE When a dielectric slab is introduced between its plates
   2  its potential diference will become
dt 2 I
34 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

V0 C1C2  2 4  4
V C   F  F
K C1  C 2  2  4  3
where K is the dielectric constant of the slab. Potential difference applied, V = 6V
V0
 K 4 
V Electric charged stored, Q = CV =   6  C  8C
3 
Here, V0 = 4V, V = 2V
1
4V Energy stored in the system, U = CV 2
K 2 2
2V
1 1
  ×10–6 ×(6)2J = 24 µJ
Q.24 (1) 2 4
Common potential, Q.29 (1)
C1V1  C2 V2 The given circuit can be redrawn as shown in figure
V= (ii).
C1  C2
4F 4F
Here, C1 = 10 pE, V1 = 200 V As 
C2 = 20pF, V2 = 100V 4F 4F

10  200  20  100 4000 C

V=  V = 133.3V
10  20 30 4µF 4µF

A 4µF B
Q.25 (3)
As the capcitor is isolated after charging, charge Q on 4µF
4µF
it remains constant. Plate separation d increases, D
0 A (ii)
capacitance decreases as C = and hence, potential
d Therefore, the given circuit is a balanced
Wheatstone bridge and the capacitance in arm CD is
Q
increases as V = . ineffective.
C Thus, it reduces to the equivalent circuit as shown in
Q.26 (3) figure (iii).
Given capacitors can be rearranged as
C
C
4µF 4µF
C

X Y X C 2C Y X 2C Y A B
3

4µF 4µF
0 A 2 2 0 A D
Here C =  C XY  C  (iii)
d 3 3 d
As, 4µF and 4µF are in series in the upper branch, so
their equivalent capacitance C1 is
Q.27 (1)  4F  4F 
C1 = 1pF, C2C=2pF and C3 = pF C1   2F
The combined capacitance is least when all the 4F  4F
capacitors are connected in seires combination. Similarly, 4µF and 4µF are in series in the lower
The effective capacitance C’ will be, branch, so their equivalent capcitance C2 is
1 1 1 7 4  4F  4F 
 1   or C '  pF C2   2F
C, 2 4 4 7 4F  4F

C1
Q.28 (2)
C1 = 2µF, C2 = 4 µF
In series combination, the equivalent capacitance will A B

be,
C2
(iv)

PHYSICS 35
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

And the corresponding equivalent circuit is shown in Q.33 (3)

figure(iv). Given: Cp–CS = 6 µF
Since C1 and C2 are in parallel, the effective
C
capacitance between the points A and B is i.e., 2C  = 6 × 10–6 F  C = 4µF
CAB = C1 + C2 = 2µF + 2µF = 4µF 2
Q.34 (2)
Q.30 (4) t=4×10–3
Let V1 and V2 be the voltages across 3 µF and 6 µF
capacitors respectively as shown in the figure. 0 A
C
t
3µF 6µF dt
K

V1 V2 0 A 0 A

d t
+ – dxt
K
900V

Then, V1 + V2 = 900V t
d dxt
...(i) K
As 3 µF and 6µF capacitors are series, charges on each
is the same. t
 t  x  4 103  3.5 103
 C1V1 = C2V2 K
V1 C2 6F
or V  C  3F  2 t
 0.5 103
2 1
K
or V1 = 2V2
...(ii) 4  10 3
Substituting this value of V1 in eqn. (i), we get K 8
0.5  10 3
900V
2V2 + V2 = 900 V or V2   300V
Q.35 (1)
3
From eqn. (i) C  40 R
V1 = 900V – V2 = 900V –300 V
C big   n  Csmall
1/3
=600V
Now they are disconnected and reconnected in parallel.
Let the potential difference across the combination be 1
V.  8 3 C
Then.
= 2C
C V  C2 V2  3F  600V    6F  300V 
V 1 1  Q.36 (4)
C1  C2 3F  6F

3600 Ceq  6f 

=
9
V  400V V  1.5kV 
Q.31 (2) Capacitance of each capacitors = 2f
500 50
potential=500 V
A B
A
50
S So total number of capactor N=9+3=27
50

100 100 50

Q.37 (2)
50  100 100
CAB   pf Q=CV
150 3
Q
A B C (slope of Q–V graph)
50 100 V
Q.32 (3)
120
Charge will be distributed between them in proportion e=tan=  12 f
to their capacity as they have equal potential. 10

36 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

R1 R2
1 1
U CV 2   12  100  600J
2 2
Q.38 (1) q1 R1

When battery removed then q2 R 2
Q=constant ...(i)
Q=CV Ratio of surface charge densities
as glass slab enter then capactance  Q
2
1 4R12 R 22 q1  R 2  R1
Q2   2     (From (i))
and energy U  2 Q R1 q 2  R1  R 2
2C
4R 22
1
U 1 R 2
C   R
2 1
Q
and potential difference  V 
C Q.5 (3)
Q.39 (2) In polar molecules, the centre of positive charges does
not coincide with the centre of negative charges.
Q.40 (1) Hence, these molecules have a permanent electric
dipole moment of their own.
NEET Q.6 (3)
Q.1 (2) Here: n = 27
Q Q Potential, V = 220 V
Q1  Q  , Q 2  Q  Potential at the surface of a solid charged sphere
4 4
1 q
 3  3  V
k  Q  Q  40 r
kQ 2
F1  2 ; F2  
4  4 
r r2 4 3 4
r  n  r '3 or r’ = rn1/3
F2 9 3 3
 Potential of bigger drop,
F1 16
1 nq
Vn  .
Q.2 (4) 40 r '
dV 1 nq
Electric field in a region, E   Vn  (using (i))
dr 40 rn1/3
But here electric potential is constant. therefore electric  Vn = Vn2/3
field will be zero. Putting the values of n and V in equation (ii), we get
Vn = 220 × (27)2/3
Q.3 (1) or Vn = 1980 V

p.rˆ kp cos 
Potential due to dipole, V  4 r 2  r 2 Q.7 (1)
0
1 Q
V= .
 9 10 16 10   cos 60º  200V
9 9
4π 0 R
or V 
 0.6 
2
1
 constatnt
Q.4 (1) 4π 0
When the two spheres are connected by conducting Q = same (Given)
wire, the potential of both the spheres becomes same.
1
kq1 kq 2 V 
V1 = V2  R  R R
1 2  Potential is more on smaller sphere.
PHYSICS 37
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q. 8 (4) Now, Given that When Tension is decreases in B

n T
 nB
Refer image,
As, final beat frequency is 7
So, frequency of B is 524 Hz.

–1
536 535
Kq Kq
v= 
2  10 2 8  10 2
+6
+5
3
= Kq   10
2

8 A 530

–6 –7
Q.9 (2)
Q = CV –1
524 523
dQ dv 3V
iC  20 F 
dt dt s Q.13 (1)
= 60 A Electric field is always direct from high potential to law
For circuit to be completed displacement current should potential. For the given situation the electric potential
be equal to conduction current. is decreasig from left to right therefore, potential energy
of the dipole will also decrease. Thus dipole will move
from towards the right.
Q.10 (2)
Given: capacitance without dielectric, C = 6µF and Q.14 (1)
capacitance with dielectric, C’ = 30 µF.
C A
C ' 30
 Dielecric constant, K    5.
C 6
Now, permittivity of the medium,  = K0 C
= 5 × 8.85 × 10–12 = 0.44 × 10–10 C2 N–1 m–2
B
Q.11 (2) C
RMS value of applied voltage = 200V Here, AB arm is short, so the two capacitors C and C in
Impedance of a capacitor is given by: parallel
1 Ceq = C + C = 2C
Xc 
2fC
Q.15 (2)
Hence, rms current through it is: The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate
V area A and separation d is given by
I rms 
XC 0 A
C
Irms = 200 × 2 ×  × 50 × 40 × 10–6 d
Irms = 2.51A The potential is given by V = Ed
where E is electric field.
Q.12 (1) 1 1 A 1
Given Energy, U  CV 2   0  E 2 d 2 ; U   0 E 2 Ad
2 2 d 2
nA = 530 Hz
nB = N (Suppose)
 |nA – nB| = 6 Q.16 (2)
nA – nB = ± 6
nB = 530 ± 6
So,
nB = 536 or 524

38 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

k  27q
C= 900 pF v’ = = 90 volt
C= 900 pF V= 100 Volt 3r
+ –
Q.3 (4)
+ –
V
 +Q –Q

100 V A B
C= 900 pF
V= 0
a a
Common potential
C1V1  C2 V2 s
VC = C1  C2 Potential at the center of ring A,
C  100  C  0 KQ KQ
= VA = a  2 2
CC a s
= 50 Volt Potential at the centre of ring B,
Electrostatic energy stored
KQ KQ
1 VB = 
= 2 × CV2 = CV2 a a 2  s2
2
= 900 × 10–12 × 50 × 50 2KQ 2KQ Q 1 1 
= 225 × 10–8 J VA – VB =  =   
a a 2  s2 20  a s a 
2 2
= 2.25 × 10–6 J
Q.4 (198)
Q. 17 (4) Q.5 (3)
Q.6 (1)
3 6
C AB   2μF (Properties of conductor)
36 Statement-I : True as body of conductor acts as
equipotential surface.
Statement-II : True, as conductor is equipotential.
Tangential component of electric field should be zero.
Therefore electric field should be perpendicular to
surface.
JEE MAIN
Q.1 [128] Q.7 (3)
q1  q 2
Volumei = Volumef Electric field between plates E= 2A 
0
4 4
512 × 3 r 3  3 R 3
q1  q 2
V  Ed  d
R = 8r 2A 0
K  512q
V= q1  q 2
8r V
2C
V = 128
Q.8 (2)
At equilibrium, their potential will be same as they are
Q.2 [90] connected by a conducting wire.
kq
v= = 10v
r
4 3 4 3
27  r = R
3 3
R = 3r
Given: R1 = 5mm and R2 = 10 mm.

PHYSICS 39
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Let at equilibrium, charge on both the spheres be Q1 Q.13 (1)

and Q2 respectively. Then, Q.14 (3)
V1 = V2 Conceptual
KQ1 KQ 2 Q.15 (4)
    
R1 R2   pE
Q1 Q 2
  = 0.01 × 0.4 × 10–3 × 10 × 10–5 ×
1
Nm
R1 R 2 2
Q R 5 1 = 2 × 10–10 Nm
 1  1  
Q 2 R 2 10 2
Q.16 [160]
Now, electric field on surface of spherical conductor is
kQ'
KQ V' =
given by E  . R'
R2
k × 64× Q
KQ1 V' = = 16×10mV = 160mV
4R
E R2 Q R2
 1  1  1  22 Q.17 (150)
E2 KQ2 Q2 R1 qE = eVB V = (E.d)
R 22 E=VB = (VB) × 0.15
1
 2   0.15V
2
E1 1  10 
   2
E 2 2  5 
2
= 0.15 V = 150 mV
E1 2
  Q.18 (5)
E2 1
z
Q.9 (6)  y
|  |max = PE  x
1 P1 E1 1.2  1030  5  104 1  a
 =  Vx = Vz
 2 P2 E 2 2.4  1030  15  104 6
b x = 2cm
Hence x = 6 y = 3 cm
c
Q.10 (1)
Potential of a conducting sphere is Vx = Vz

KQ a 2 b 2 c2 a 2  b 2  c2
V= (Solid as well as hollow)    
R a b c c
V1 = V2 and R1 = R2 a 2 b 2  a  b  a  b 
a–b=  
 Q1 = Q2 c c c
Q.11 (2) c=a+b
Potential at centre c = 2 + 3 = 5 cm

   R 2     R1  Q.19 [18]

V= + W =  U = Uf – Ui
4 0 R 2 4 0 R 1

Also, U = p.E

= 2
0
 W = 2 × p × E = 2 × 6 × 10–6 × 1.5 × 103 J
Q.12 (12) = 18 m J
Q.20 (4)
dV r 1 Q
E=– = –4ar  3 (compare) V
dr 0 40 r
Result inside uniformly charged solid sphere. 5  109
 50 = 9 × 109 ×
 = –12a0 r
 = 12  r = 0.9 m = 90 cm
40 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.21 (2) 2C0 2 0 A

Electric potential inside shell will remain constant. Ceq = =
3 3 d
1
Outside the shell V  0  3  20 3
 2 =
3d  2 
r Ceq = (A = lb = 2 × )
d 2
V So x = 2

Q.26 [16]
 20 = (C1+ C2) V V = 2 volt.
Q2 = C2V = 16C
= 16
Q.22 (1)
v1 cos  = v2 cos  Q.27 [2]
v12 cos2 = v 22 cos2  V 30 / 3
i0 =   2  10 6
Velocity in direction of parallel to plate remains same.
R 5  10 6

Ans. = 2.00
K1 cos2 
 Q.28 (2)
K2 cos2 
Consider an element of width dx at a distance x (x < d/2)
Q.23 (4) from left plate.
C 1=Ceq= C/2
C C
C
C2 = Ceq = 2C

C1 C2
C
C1 1
C2 = 4
Q.24 (3)
x dx
0 A 2 A
C=  0
d d d
 d  0  kx  A 1 dx
2K 2 K  
dC = dx dC  0  kx  A ,
2  20 4  3.2
= = 0 dC k(d– x)A /dx
1 4.2
1 Capacitance of half of the capacitor,
3.2
= 3.04 0  kd 
1
d/2
1 1
d/2
dx 1 1  0  2 
    ,  ln  
Q.25 (2) C1 dC A  0  kx C 2 KA   0 
0 0  
 

1 1  0  kd / 2 
 ln  
C1 kA  0 
B Capacitance of second half will be same, C1 = C2
C D
C1 kA
Hence total capacity, Ceq  
B,D 2  2 0  kd 
2ln  
 2 0 
Q.29 (1)

PHYSICS 41
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

 q C2  V1  V2  
C1 C2 C3   tan 1   
 mg  C1  C2  d  t  
K0 A 3K0 A 5K 0 A
C1  ,C2  and C3  Q.31 [100]
d 2d 3d
i
6V 2k
1 1 1 1
  
Ceq C1 C2 C3 2k
A
1 d 2d 3d 2k
   C = 50 µF
Ceq K0 A 3K0 A 5K0 A
B
1 d  2 3 d
 1    15  10  9 The equivalent resistance of the circuit is
Ceq K 0 A  3 5  15K 0 A
R = 2 + 2 + 2 = 6k
By Ohm's law, V = iR
15K0 A
Ceq   6 = i × 6 × 103 i = 1 × 10–3A
34d Now, voltage across AB, VAB = i × 2 × 103
Q.30 (3) VAB = 1 × 10–3 × 2 × 103 = 2V
Consider one part of the capacitor with dielectric as C2 Charge on the capacitor, Q = CV
and remaining with pendulum as C1. = 50 × 10–6 × 2C = 100C

V2 k -V 1 Q.32 (1)
C2 C1 We have make an equivalent circuit,

l
 
Medium A/2
(K) T +qE K 1 d/2
A/2
+V2 –V1
d
A/2
mg K2 d/2

d-t
t
d
A
0
Let E be electric field in air 2  A0 K1K 2
T sin = qE and T cos = mg Ceq =
d d K1  K 2
qE
tan= A0  1 K1K 2 
mg
=   
Charge in each capacitor d  2 K1  K 2 

 CC  Q.33 [4]
Q =  1 2   V1  V2 
 C1  C 2  U =
1
(C)V 2
2
Q  C1C2   V1  V2 
E = A   C  C   A  U=
1
(KC – C)V 2
0  1 2  0  2
0 A C2  V1  V2  1
C1 = d  t  E  C  C d  t U = (2 – 1)CV 2
 1 2   2
1
 q.E  U =  200  10 –6  200  200
Now,   tan 1   2
 mg  U = 4 J
42 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.34 (d)
C1C2 V
Given that q2 = C2V
C1  C 2
Area of each plate = 30  cm2 or 30 × (10–2)2 m2
Dielectric strength E = 3.6 × 107 V/m
Maximum charge stored is Q = 7 × 10–6 C Q.37 (3)
To avoid the dielectric breakdown
Dielectric strength (E) = E0 ....(1) Aε 0
where E0 electric field between the plate Coriginal =
d

E0  ....(2)
K0 C1 C2

K=3
 Q
  A 
A A
= K

Equation (1) and (2) to

Q
E d/2 d/2 d/2 d/2
KA0
Αε 0 2Aε 0
7  10 –6 C1 =  C
3.6  107  d/2 d
K  30(10 –2 ) 2  8.85  10 –12
K = 0.0023 × 103 KΑε0 2KAε0 6Aε0
C2 =    3C
K = 2.33 d/2 d d
C1 & C2 are in series
Q.35 . [6]
C1C2 C×3C 3C 3 2Aε 0 3 Αε 0
C new =  =   
Removed because
C1 + C 2 C + 3C 4 4 d 2 d
8F 8F 8F capacitors are short
3
8F C new = Coriginal
A B 2
8F 8F
3
  4  6μF
A B 2
24F 8F Q.38 (23)
Parallel combination
Equivalent capacitance
1 1 1  23 ε 0 A
Ceq = ε 0 A  + +  =
24  8 24  8  5b 3b b  15 b
   6 F
24  8 32
Q.39 (A)
Q.36 (A) K1 = 10 K2 = 15
Let the common potential is V
1 1 
Ui = (K C)V2 Uf =  K 2 C  V2
2 1 2 
S
1
C2
Ui = 10CV2 Uf = 1 15CV2
C 1,V 2 2
U U f  U i 5 U 5
  100  100
Ui Ui 10 Ui 10

C1V1  C2 V2 C1V  0 C1V increases

V   Q.40 (1)
C1  C2 C1  C2 C1  C2
C  40 R1
Charge on capacitor C2

PHYSICS 43
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

40 R1R 2 18
C'  v'  6
R 2  R1 3
C’ = nC
Q.42 [60]
40 R1R 2
 n.40 R1 0 kA
R 2  R1 C1 
t1
R2
n 0 kA
R 2  R1 C2 
t2
R 2 / R1
n 0 k1A
R 2 / R1  1  100
C  100 t1
V2  1 
x C1  C2 0 k1A  0 k 2 A
n
x 1 t1 t2
x = nx –n
n = nx –x k1 3
 100  100
n = (n–1) x t1 300
  0.5   60
k1 k 2 3 4 5
n  
x= t1 t 2 0.5 1
n 1
Q.41 [6]
V2  60volt

q1= CV

Q.43 [240]
1
v (Ceq V 2 )
2
3C
1 0
q2= 3CV V  KA1  A 2  V 2
2 d
1 0  1 4 74 
=   5   (20)
2

2 4 103  100 100 100 100 

q2 = 3CV 1 0  48 
=    20  20  2400 J
2 4 103  100 100 

2cm

8cm

1cm

due to charge conservation

4cm
q1  q 2  q '1  q '2
cv  3cv  kc ' v ' 3cv '
0 48 20  20
4cv  v '(kc  3c), k  9  3
  240 0
2 2  10 100  100
4cv  v '(12c)
v
v'  Q.44 (1)
3

44 PHYSICS
 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

C = 900 µF
Q = CV = 900 × 10–6 × 100 = 9 × 10–2 = 90 mC
Now
K

90 mc –90 mc
C
t=0
3
d
4
C
Q=0
d

CV 0 –CV0
0 A
C0 =
d
t=0 + V0 –
0 A
C =  3d
d
4 4k CV 0 –CV0
Common potential will be developed across both
4k0 A capacitors by kVL
= (k  3)d
Total charge on left plates of capacitors should be
conserved.
4k
C= C  90 mc + 0 = 2cv0
3 k 0
cv0 = 45 mc
Q.45 (6)

A
C
45 mc –45 mc
0 A K=1.5
= 5µF
d
d d d C
2 2 45 mc –45 mc

0 A Heat dissipated = Ui – Uf [Change in energy stored in the

Cnew = capacitors]
d d
   
2  2
1  90mc  1  45mc   U  Q 
2 2 2
1.5 1 = –2×  
2 900µF 2 900µF  2c 
0 A 6 0 A
= =
d d 5d 1
   = (8100 – 4050) × 10–6
 3 2  2  900 106
= 2.25 Joule
6 OR
= × 5µF = 6µF
5
Q.46 (55) 1 C1C2
Heat = (V – V2)2
Q.47 (225) 2 C1  C2 1

Q –Q 1 C2
= (100 – 0)2
2 2C
C
1 900  10 6 9
= × 104 = Joule = 2.25 Joule
2 2 4
100V

PHYSICS 45
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Q.48 (5) Q.52 (1)

10(2 + x + 3) = 100
 x=5

Q.49 (3) d
Q = (2V)
 A
C1   0 
2F  d 
a

a
 2d 
2F  
 3 

2V = 2V+ 2V 0 A k 0 A

1  (d / 3) (2d / 3)
V   V  C eq 
 0 A k 0 A
2  
d / 3 (2d / 3)
1
E1   2  V2  V2
2 9 0 A
Ceq  as k  
(6  3k)d
1 V2
E2   2 2
2 4 9 0 A  3 A 
C2 = Ceq =  0 
 6   (d) 
 V2    3 d
  k 
 2 
C2
2
 3
V C1
E2 1
 2  Q.53 (3)
E1 V 2  2 
0 A 4 A
Q.50 (1) C1 =  0
d 3d
2d  3
3 4
CV
0 A 4 A 2 A
C2 =  0  0
2d 2d d
d  3
3 4
=3F
qinc  CV 
   Q.54 [5]
0  0 
0  200  10 4
C eq 
Q.51 (1) 4  103
Ceq = C + C = 2C  50 F

46 PHYSICS
 CURRENT ELECTRICITY Current Electricity

EXERCISE-I (K CET LEVEL)

Q.1 (3) Further Al = A' (2l) [Volume remains conserved] 
A/A' = 2
i 6.25
J= = = 200×104 A/m2 R'
A  6 
 2.0  10 R
= 4 or R' = 4R
4
Q.7 (3)
J 200  10 4
vd = =
8.5  1028  1.6  10 19 i
ne j current density inversely proportional to area
= 14.7 × 10–5 m/s  0.15 mm/s A
Q.2 (3) of cross section
I 1
The slope of I – V curve 
V R Q.8 (3)
l
i.e. slope  C C
R
2 4
The slope of graph at temperature T1 is greater than
2 3 6 6
that at temperature T2.
1
 Resistance at T2 > Resistance at T1 2
D D
For metallic wire the resistance R increases with
increase of temperature. 1 1 1 1
Hence T2 > T1. R eq = 3 + 6 + 6
Q.3 (4) Q = 2 × 10–2 C,  = 30, r = 0.40 m 3
Req = = 1.5 
2 6.28 2
T=   0.209 = 2 × 10–1
 30 Q.9 (4)
2  102 R = 12
I=  0.1A
2  101 Resistance of the two semicircle = 6
Q.4 (B)
Specific resistance is a characteristic property of 6
eq. resistance =  3
metal and doesn't depend upon dimensions of the 2
wire used.
Q.10 (2)
Q.5 (3)
I = nAevd l
P.d d
 nAevd
R
L
V  nAevd  V
A
Potential difference remains same and v d is not
dependent on diameter so vd remains same.

Q.6 (B)
 (2)
R= and R' = ,
A A'
 = specific resistance. 13  7 91
RXY =  = 4.55 
R '  2   A  13  7 20
 =    
R     A' 
PHYSICS 47
Current Electricity

Q.11 (2) Q.16 (3)

R (30  30)30 60  30
Resistance of parallel group = Requivalent = = = 20
2 (30  30)  30 90
R V 2 1
 Total equivalent resistance = 4 × = 2R.  i= = = ampere.
2 R 20 10
Q.12 (2) Q.17 (4)
Given circuit is equivalent to
44 66
Equivalent resistance =  = 5 ohm So the
44 66
6 3 A 3 C
20
current in the circuit = = 4 ampere Hence the current
5
6
A C  3 flowing through each resistance = 2 ampere.
3
3 3 Q.18 (3)
B B
8 4
The current in the circuit  
So the equivalent resistance between points A and B 5 1 3

63 4 4
is equal to R   2 . Now VC – VE = × 1  VE = – V..
63 3 3
Q.13 (4) Q.19 (2)
Circuit can be redrawn as
20 10 Total emf = 2 + 2 = 4V

40 100R / 100  R
A 2V B
100R I
 20
100  R

5R = 100 + R R = 25  2V 2

Q.14 (4) 4
so I = = 2A
As resistors are connected in parallel, 2
I1(10) = I2(15) = I3(30) Q.20 (1)
and I1 + I2 + I3 = 1.2 A
I1 = 0.6 A
I2 = 0.4 A
I3 = 0.2 A

Q.15 (3)
6 and 12 are in parallel
Req = 4
Equivalent circuit diagram is

I 1 = 3A
4 4

12V
 = I Req in loop aca I = I 1 + I2
I 2 = 3A 8  S = 6 × 4 10 I + 30 I2 = 28
  = 24 volt
I 5I1 + 5I2 + 15 I2 = 14
5I1 + 20I2 = 14 .....(1) × 3

in loop a ba
48 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

10I + 20I1 = 18 Q.25 (4)

5I1 + 5I2 + 10 I1 = 9 B1 & B2 withdraw less current as compared to B3
15 I1 + 5I2 = 9.....(2) because in series they give 2R resistance where as R is
the resistance dut to B3.
55 I2 = 33
Power = i2R
3  Brightness order
I2   0.6A
5 B3 > B2 = B1.

I1  0.4A
EXERCISE-II (NEET LEVEL)
I1  1A
Q.21 (1)
V 180
Power = Vi Q.1 (1) R = = = 0.15 ohm
I 120
1   2 2  8
i  Q.2 (1)
R eq 4 length of wire

10 5  volume  1
  A =   = 3.14  (0.016) 2
4 2  Area 

5 (2.46)31.4  (0.016) 2
 Power = 2   5W =
RA
=
2  1 
l
 2 
 3.14  (0.016) 
Q.22 (3)
According to Kirchoof's first law = 1.59 × 10–6 ohm. cm
1 + 2 + 3 = 0
Q.3 (1)
V0  10 V0  6 V0  5
   0 or V0 = 8 volt 90 coulombs
10 20 30 q
i = = 4500 secs = 0.02 ampere
Q.23 (2) t

i i 0.02amp
J= = 2 =
A r  (0.0005) 2
metre 2
= 2.55 × 104 amp/m2
2A
J 2.55  10 4
vd = =
3A ne (5.8 1028 )(1.6  10 19 )
2A
= 2.69 × 10–7 m/sec.
2A 2A
Q.4 (3)
3A 6A
8A We know I = neAvd
4A
1?
5
 vd =
Q.24 (d) 5 1026 1.6 1019  4 106
i1 = 1.56 × 10–2 m/sec

i3 Q.5 (2)
i2
No. of charge carrier per unit volume does not changes
Kirchoff’s junction rule is I3 = I1 + I2
i.e., sum of incoming currents = sum of outgoing w.r.t. potential diff but drift velocity changes
currents accordingly.
 based on conservation of charge

PHYSICS 49
Current Electricity

Q.6 (3)
The slope represent resistance of wire. Hence on Q.10 (3)
doubling the length, resistance will be doubled.
Q.7 (3)

 RA (0.08)(1) 103
R  
A  5

   1.6  10 5   m

31
Q.8 (2)

2

5
a 5 b
3 Rxy = 15
7

6
Q.11 (3)
2

5 7
a b
3 5

6
2
12

a 8 b

6
1 1 1 1 1
R eq = + + + RXY = 11
2 12 8 6

24 8 Q.12 (4)
Req = = 
21 7 The circuit reduces to
Q.9 (4)
3
r
r
r r 3 3
A A B
B  r
r r
r A B
6

1 1 1 1 1 9  6 9  6 18
=    RAB     3.6 
R r r r r 96 15 5

r
 R= Q.13 (1)
4

50 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

According to the problem, we arrange four resistance

as follows 2 2V
A
2
A
X Y
10 10 2
D B
2

10 10
Total resistance
C
2 8
 2  
20  20 3 3
Equivalent resistance   10 .
40
2 6 3
Q.14 (2) Current through ammeter    A
8/3 8 4
Q.17 (1)
The given circuit can be simplified as follows
4 24
8 20
2 18 2
16 4.5
4 20 7
A B 15V 15V
16 A B
 6 1  6 18
6 0.5 0.5
6
9 10

6 12 8 8
6 18
On further solving equivalent resistance R = 15

24  12 15
RAB   8 Hence current from the battery i = = 1A.
(24  12) 15
Q.15 (3) Q.18 (2)
The given circuit can be redrawn as follows
50
Current in the given circuit i   2A
A 5 5 B 5 C (5  7  10  3)
2/3V 2/3V 2/3V Potential difference between A and B VA – VB = 2 × 12
 VA – 0 = 24V  VA = 24V.
2V 37
Q.19 (1)
A D C
5 5 5 Let at point D potential = 0 and write the potential of
For identical resistances, potential difference 10
other points then current in wire AD = = 5A from A
distributes equally among all. Hence potential 2
2 20
difference across each resistance is V and potential to D current in wire CB = = 4A from C to B
3 5
4
difference between A and B is V.. v=+20 5 v=0
3 C B
4A
Q.16 (2) 5A
4A
10v
2
Resistance across XY   20v 1A + 10v
3
v=0 A
D 5A 2

 current in wire BD = 1 A from D to B

PHYSICS 51
Current Electricity

Q.20 (3)
nE
I=
800 3V nr  R
0V
12V n  1.5
0.6 =
Y G 0.5n  20
100 I n + 40 = 5n
0V 200 0V 4n = 40

n  10
3 12
I  Q.25 (3)
Y 900  Y
Total number of cells = 3n
 900 + Y = 4Y Number of cells connected correctly = 2n
Y = 200 Number of cells connected wrongly = n
eq = 2n – n = n
Q.21 (4) req = 3nr
I 3 I I 6V,1 eq n 
i  
V req 3nr 3r
3 I 3
Q.26 (1)
A
I 2
Vrated
Prated 
R
6
I  0.6A 2
Vrated
10 R
Prated
Voltmeter V = IR = 6 × 0.6 A = 3.6 Volt
 R 3  R 2  R1
Q.22 (3) Power = i2R
As current passing through every bulb is same
 Brightness order is B3 > B2 > B1
Eeff = 4 E – E = 3E
reff = 5r Q.27 (3)
R
3– R
Q.23 (4)
Since E1(10 V) > E2(4V)
V R R º V 2
So current in the circuit will be clockwise.
2
V
a 1 E1 e E2 2 Here R 
b P
10V 4V Total power supplied
i
3 V2  2  V  2
2
    60  40W
3 / 2R  3   R  3
Applying Kirchoff’s voltage law
– 1 × i + 10 – 4 – 2 × i – 3i = 0 Q.28 (1)
 i = 1A(a to b via e) Full scale deflection current, ig = 10 mA

V 10  4 Rg
 Current = = = 1.0 ampere 100 mA = I ig
R 6
Q.24 (3)
To get I = 0.6 A
S I – ig

52 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

 igRg = (I – ig)S
ig R g EXERCISE-III (JEE MAIN LEVEL)
 S = (I  i )
g
Q.1 (3)
(10)(100) 100 I = 1.344A
   A = 1 mm2
(100  10) 9
n = 8.4 × 1022/cm3
 11.11
n = 8.4 × 1019/mm3
Q.29 (1) I = neAVd

i Rg = G R 
Vd =
neA
V volt (n – 1)V

V (n  1)V 1.344
i  =
8.4  1019  1.6  10 19  1
G R
 R = (n – 1)G Vd = 0.1 mm/sec
Q.30 (1)
i Rg = G R Q.2 (3)
J
1 volt 9 volt vd =  vd  J (current density)
ne
1 1 9
i    R  9G J1 =
i
and J2 =
2i
=
i
= J1
Rg G R A 2A A
Q.31 (2)  (vd)1 = (vd)2 = v
At Null point Q.3 (2)
Given, n = 1029 m–3
e = 1.6 × 10–19C
X 10
A = 10–6 m2
we know that, i = neAVd
i 40
A B  Vd  
neA 1029  1.6  10 19  10 6
52 cm 48 cm
40 1
   102
X 10 1.6  10 4 4

 2 = 2.5 × 10–3 m/s
Here 1 = 52 + End correction Q.4 (2)
= 52 + 1 = 53 cm
2 = 48 + End correction = 48 + 2 = 50 cm dq d(ne) dn
i  e
dt dt dt
X 10
   i = (1.6 × 10–19)106 = 1.6 × 10–13 A
53 50
53
 X  10.6 Q.5 (2)
5 Order of drift velocity = 10–4 m/sec = 10–2 cm/sec
Q.32 (2)
Let the internal resistance of cell be r, then Q.6 (1)

E 1.5 R 2l
i=  15 =  r = 0.06. R  I2  
Rr 0.04  r R l

PHYSICS 53
Current Electricity

Q.17 (4)
R 0
 % = 2 × 0.1 = 0.2% The network can be redrawn as follows
R
3 3 3
Q.7 (4) A B
In case of stretching of wire R  l2  Req = 9.
 If length becomes 3 times so Resistance becomes 9
times i.e. R' = 9 × 20 = 180 Q.18 (4)
Three resistances are in parallel.
Q.8 (1)
1 1 1 1 3
Because with rise in temperature resistance of     
conductor increase, so graph between V and i becomes R' R R R R
non linear.
R
Q.9 (1) The equivalent resistance R' = .
3
e V e El
vd =   or vd = ·  (Since V = El)
m l m l Q.19 (4)
 vd  E According to the principle of Wheatstone’s bridge,
Q.10 (2) the effective resistance between the given points is
4.
1 1 1
R  R 2  2
A A d B
[d = diameter of wire]
4 4
A C
Q.11 (2) 16
In the absence of external electric field mean velocity
4 4
3KT
of free electron (Vrms) is given by Vrms   D
m
Q.20 (3)
Vrms  T. Equivalent circuit is
Q.12 (2)
Length l = 1 cm = 10–2 m
R
Area of cross-section A = 1 cm  100 cm
= 10–2 m2
5 10

Resistance R =  3  107
A
8
Q.13 (4) 10 10 10
A B
Charge = Current × Time =5 × 60 = 300 C

Q.14 (2)
l i  l is doubled A becomes half.
R  d 
A neA For 8 :
Q.15 (3)
R
i
From d   i  vdA  i  vdr2
neA 15 6

Q.16 (1)

Significant figures Multiplier

10 10
Brown Black Brown
1 0 101  R  16
 R = 10  101 = 100 
54 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Q.21 (3) Q.28 (3)

The circuit consists of three resistances (2R, 2R and Potential difference between B and D is zero, it means
R) connected in parallel. Wheatstone bridge is in balanced condition
Q.22 (3) B
X
The given circuit can be redrawn as follows 21 6 3
8X
8 (8  X )
15 3
2
2 2 2 1 2 A C
 18 15 4 6

6 4
2
6 4
D
 Req = 5.
Q.23 (2)
P R
So 
R 2R3 44 Q S
RAB = R1 + R  R + R4 = 2 + + 2 = 6.
2 3 4 4
21 18
Q.24 (4)  
8X 6
R 2 8 2 3
RAB = + R = + 2 = = 2 . (8  X)
3 3 3 3
 X = 8.
Q.25 (2)
The figure can be drawn as follows
Q.29 (2)
P R
D 7 C C For balanced Wheatstone bridge 
Q S
10
3
5
 5 12 x6
10
10    x = 6.
(1/ 2) (1/ 2)
A B
A B 10 Q.30 (4)
10

C
Equivalent external resistance of the given circuit Req
10 = 4
5
 5 E 10

Current given by the cell i = = = 2A
R eq  r (4  1)
A B A B
10 10

i 2
 RAB = 5. Hence, (VA – VB) =
2
× (R2 – R1) = (2 – 4) = – 2V..
2

Q.26 (3) Q.31 (1)

3
Equivalent resistance of the circuit R  
1 1 1 1 1 2
A B
V 3
 Current through the circuit i    2A .
R 3/ 2
Q.32 (2)
1 1
R AB  2  2 . This is a balanced Wheatstone bridge circuit. So
3 3 potential at B and D will be same and no current flows
Q.27 (2) through 4R resistance.
16 4 Q.33 (4)
By balanced Wheatstone bridge condition  Given circuit is a balanced Wheatstone bridge circuit.
X 0.5
So there will be no change in equivalent resistance.
8 Hence no further current will be drawn.
 X= = 2. Q.34 (1)
4

PHYSICS 55
Current Electricity

Equivalent resistance of the given network Q.39 (2)

R eq  75  . Let current through 5  resistance be i. Then
i R1(50) i2 R1(50) i2
10
i1 R4 i1 i × 25 = (2.1 – i)10  i = × 2.1 = 0.6 A.
60 R3 35
3V R2  R2
50
R5(30) Q.40 (4)
(50) (50)
Equivalent resistance between P and Q
1 1 1 1 48
  
R PQ (6  2) 3 (4  12)  RPQ = 25 
Q.35 (3)

Equivalent diagram is Current between P and Q; i = 1.5A

So, potential difference between P and Q
C
R R 48
A E B VPQ = 1.5 × = 2.88 V..
F 25
R R Q.41 (1)
0.9 (2 + r) = 0.3 (7 + r)
 6 + 3r = 7 + r
 r = 0.5 .
V Q.42 (2)
I= V
2R Let the current in the circuit = i = .
Q.36 (1) R
Q.43 (3)
This is a balanced Wheatstone bridge. Therefore no
In short circuiting R = 0, so V = 0
current will flow from the diagonal resistance 10 
Q.44 (1)
(10  10)  (10  10)
 Equivalent resistance =  10 .
(10  10)  (10  10) Total e.m.f. = nE, Total resistance R + nr  i =
nE
.
R  nr
Q.37 (4)
The equivalent circuits are as shown below Q.45 (1)
Applying Kirchhoff law
C C
C 20
2 2 (2 + 2) = (0.1 + 0.3 + 0.2)i  i  A
3
A B A B
A Hence potential difference across A
 
2 2
D B 20 4
D D = 2 – 0.1 × = V (less than 2V).
3 3
Clearly, the circuit is a balanced Wheatstone bridge. and similarly across B will be zero.
So effective resistance between A and B is 2. Q.46 (4)
Q.38 (1) 5X  2  10
VAB = 4 =  X = 20.
The given circuit is a balanced Wheatstone bridge X  10
type, hence it can be simplified as follows Q.47 (1)
Applying Kirchoff’s voltage law in the given loop.

1 4V i 8V 2
5 P Q
2 3
4V
 10 i
R AB  
A B 3 9
4 6
10 – 2i + 8 – 4 – 1 × 9i = 0 –2i + 8 – 4 – 1 × i – 9i = 0  i
1
= A
3
56 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

1 Equivalent circuit when switch is closed is

Potential difference across PQ = × 9 = 3V .
3
Q.48 (2)
The circuit can be simplified as follows R R
B C
30   Req = 2R
i1
i3 i3
A D
40 40V
i2
F E
40 80V Q.54 (2)
Applying KCL at junction A
V2
i3 = i1 + i2 .….(i) P
R
Applying Kirchoff’s voltage law for the loop ABCDA
– 30 i1 – 40i3 + 40 = 0 V2 1
 – 30i1 – 40(i1 + i2) + 40 = 0 R 
P P
 7i1 + 4i2 = 4 .….(ii)
Applying Kirchoff’s voltage law for the loop ADEFA. (200) 2
R 40 
– 40i2 – 40i3 + 80 + 40 = 0 40
 –40i2 – 40(i1 + i2) = – 120
 i1 + 2i2 = 3 …….(iii) (200) 2
R100 
On solving equation (ii) and (iii) i1 = – 0.4 A 100
Q.49 (3)  R40 > R100
Since the current coming out from the positive terminal
is equal to the current entering the negative terminal, Q.55 (3)
therefore, current in the respective loop will remain V 2 160  160
confined in the loop itself. Power = 
R R
current through 2 resistor = 0. Resistance can be calculated from rated power,
2
Vrated 200  200
Q.50 (1) R   400
Kirchhoff’s first law is based on the law of conservation Prated 100
of charge.
160  160
 P   64 W
400
Q.51 (1)
According to Kirchhoff’s first law
Q.56 (2)
At junction A, iAB = 2 + 2 = 4A
Given, R = 6 , t = 10 min = 600 s
At junction B,
v = 120 volt
2A 1A v2 120  120  600
1.3A Energy liberated = .t =
R 6
A B
C = 144 × 104 J = 14.4 × 105 J
2A
t Q.57 (3)
Reading of voltmeter

At junction C, i = iBC – 1.3 = 3 – 1.3 = 1.7 amp. E1r2  E 2 r1 18  1  12  2

= Eeq = r1  r2 = = 14V..
1 2
Q.52 (3) Q.58 (3)
By Kirchhoff’s current law. To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter a low value
Q.53 (1) resistance is to be connected in parallel to it called
shunt.
2
Poutput of circuit = R Q.59 (3)
eq

PHYSICS 57
Current Electricity

 
S
ig G

1  0.018 0.018
  0.002 .
E  
 ·dA   30  2ˆj·dA  ˆj  6 dA  6
(i  ig ) 10  1 9 for y = 1
 
Q.60 (3) E 
 ·dA   31  2ˆj·dA ˆj  9 dA  9
X 6
 net= +30 Ans.
G
Q.2 0012
4 6
A B v = 0 at a point between both charges and to left of
C
2q.
4 x
k  2q  3kq
5V – =0 2q –3q
x 5 x 9
Resistance of the part AC
10 – 2x = 3x
RAC = 0.1 × 40 = 4 and RCB = 0.1 × 60 = 6
x=2
y
X 4 to left of 2q,
In balanced condition   X = 4
6 6 2q –3q
Equivalent resistance Req = 5 so current drawn from k  2q 3kq
– =0
battery i =
5
= 1A.
y 5 y
5 10 + 2y = 3y
Q.61 (4). y = 10  distance = 12 m
1000  500 1000
Resistance between A and B =  Q.3 0003
(1500) 3
Wext = U
10V
kQ1Q3 kQ2Q3
= +
1000 0.03 0.03
V
9 109  5 10 6
A 500 B = [7 – 5]
500 C 0.03 102
Parallel
=3J
So, equivalent resistance of the circuit
1000 2500 Q.4 6600
Req = 500 +
= For the mesh BCFEB,
3 3
 Current drawn from the cell
 1
10 –12 – 4I – 6  I   +4=0
i= =
3
A  2
(2500 / 3) 250
Reading of voltmeter i.e.
potential difference across 500 resistor is 4V.

EXERCISE-IV

Q.1 0003
 
Along z axis E ·dA  0  –8 – 10I – 3 = 0
  I = –1.1A
Along x axis E = cont.
 x= 0 For the mesh ABCDA,
for y = 0
58 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Q.8 0020
1
–12 – 4I + 2   + E = 0 All the elements of circuit are in parallel arrangement
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 –12 + 4.4 + I +  = 0
     
R eq 40 40 40 40 20 20
 E = 6.6 V = 6600 mV
4 2
= 
Q.5 0080 40 40
V1 + V2 + V3 = 120 – 20 (0.5)
R eq = 5
 V1 + V2 + V3 = 110 V .... (1)
Power = V2/R = 20 W
Also V1 + V2 = 60  V3 = 110 – 60 = 50V

Q.9 400
Now V2 + V3 = 90  V2 = 40V
 0
V1 V2 V3
R0 =
A 0 = 100  ....... (i)

A0l0 = A(2l0)
R1 R2 R3
A0
A= ....... (ii)
I=0.5A 2

120V, 20 ( 2l0 )

R=
A 0 / 2 = 400 
Q.10 0001
40 More the resistance less will be power dissipated.
 R2 = = 80  One should connecte the battery is 6 resistor.
0.5
Q.6 0004
2  
4
11V
9V
x = P.d. across 4
1 4 X Q.11 (1)
Statement I & II both correct
Q.12 (1)
=4V
Q.13 (3)
Q.7 25  Q.14 (1)
x 5 100 Q.15 (1)
As bridge is balanced,  or Y 
20 Y X
PREVIOUS YEAR'S
X 5
K CET
and Pea of
20 Y Q.1 (3)
Black
Green Violet Gold

40
should be 
3
Making equation and solving we get X = 25

PHYSICS 59
Current Electricity

The number assigned to green, black and violet are 5, 0 Q.5 (1)
and 7. For gold, tolerance is 5%
 Resistance value of the given resistor is A Ig B
R = 50 × 107  ± 5% = 500 M ± 5% I Rg

Q.2 (4)
Rs
6 C I–I D
g

As, VAB = VCD

2  (I – Ig)Rs = IgRg
 (1 – 0.005)Rs = 0.005 × 100

0.5 5
 Rs = 
9.95
2V
Q.6 (4)
Resistors 2 and 6 are connected in parallel. Their 1
equivalent resistance is When resistances are connected in parallel, I 
R
1 1 1 4 2
    or R p  3  = 1.5  1 1 1
RP 2 6 6 3 2  I1 : I2 : I3 = R : R : R
1 2 3
Current flowing through the battery is
 2V 1 1 1 12 12 12
: :  : :  6:4:3
I   1.A =
R p  r 1.5  0.5 2 3 4 2 3 4

Q.3 (3) Q.7 (1)

Let R1 and R2 be two resistors. When all cells are connected correctly, then equivalent
When they are connected in series, their equivalent emf of the combination is
resistance is Eeq = 4E
Rs = R1 + R2 = 6 and effective internal resistance of the combination is
When they are connected in parallel, their equivalent reff = 4r
resistance is As one wrongly connected cell decreases the
R1R 2 4 equivalent emf by 2E whereas effective interanl
Rp    resistance remains the same. So
R1  R 2 3
Eeq = 4E – 2E = 2E and reff = 4r
On solving eqns. (i) and (ii), we get
R1 = 2 and R2 = 4
Q.8 (1)
Q.4 (2) Case I: If ammeter A adn voltmeter V are ideal, then

1 l1 R
6V
 2
As   l 3A
2 2

where 1 and 2 are the emfs of two cells and l1 and l2 are Case II: If ammeter A and voltmeter V has some finite
the corresponding balancing lengths of the resistance, then R < 2.
potentiometer wire. Q.9 (3)

l2
  2  l 1 r1 E1 E2 r2
1
+ – – +
Here, 1 = 1.25 V, l1 = 30 cm, l2 = 40 cm
R
40
2  × 1.25  1.67 V
30

60 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

As emfs E1 and E2 are in oppositon and E1 > E2, so Substituting the given values, we get
equivalent emf is
2 2  3  X
Eeq = E1 – E2  or  2
The equivalent resistance of the circuit is 2  3  X 3  X
Req = r1 + r2 + R 3  X
The current in the circuit is (3) X = (2) (3) + (2) X
X(3 – 2) = (2) (3)
E eq E1  E 2
I  X (1) = (2) (3)
R eq r1  r2  R
 2  3 
The terminal potential difference is X=  6
1
E  E2
V  IR  1 R Q.12 (1)
r1  r2  R
Q.10 (4) In steadyb state,
As the resistance of the bulb filament at TºC is
RT = R0 (1 + T) 8F 20 8F 20
Where R 0 is its resistance at 0ºC and  is the

4 4
temperature coefficient of resistance.

 R R 2  200 1  T1 

and R T2  R 0 1  T2  5V 1 I 5V 1

Dividing eqn. (i) by eqn. (ii), we get

5
R T1 1  T1 Current in the circuit, I   1A
 4 1
R T2 1  T2
Voltage across each branch,
V = I × 4 or 5 – I × 1 = 4V
Here, R T1 100, T1 = 100ºC
Hence charge on capacitor, q = CV = 8 × 4 = 32C
R T2 = 200, T2 = ?  = 0.005ºC–1 Q.13 (2)
Mobility of free electrons in a conductor,

100 1   0.005º C  100º C 

1
ee
 200  
1   0.005º C 1  T2 me i.e., µ e

Q.14 (4)
1 1  0.5 Equation oif the line,

2 1   0.005º C1  T2 R=R0 + m (T – T0) ...(i)
We know, R = R0 [1 + a (T – T0)] ...(ii)
2(1+0.5) = 1 + (0.005ºC–1) T2
comparing eqns. (i) and (ii), we get
3 =1 + (0.005ºC–1) T2
or (0.005ºC–1)T2 = 3 – 1 = 2 m
R0 = m   = R
0
2
T2   400º C
 0.005º C  1 Q.15 (2)

Q.11 (3) 2 A 8 B
Let X be the resistance with which S is to be shunted
6V 4V
for the bridge to be balanced.
Then, for balanced Wheatstone’s bridge
P R
 Apply KVl in the given circuit, 6 – 8I – 4 – 2I = 0
Q SX
S X or, 2 – 10I = 0 or, I = 2/10 = 0.2 A

PHYSICS 61
Current Electricity

VAB = 4 + I × 8 = 4 + 0.2 × 8 = 5.6 V Q.21 (2)

Q.16 (4)
R unknown 1
Using KCL, IA = IB + IC 
R standard 1  
B
If temperature increases, resistance increases
4V
IB 4
A IA O
Q.22 (2)
8V 2 IC
2 2V The given cirucuit can be redrawn as shown in figure.
C I 4.5V 1

I
VA  V0 VO  VB VO  VC
  I1 2 I2 3
R AO R OB R OC
I1–I2
I–I1
8  VO VO  4 VO  2
   6
2 4 2
4
 16 – 2VO = VO – 4 + 2VO – 4 Evuivalent resistance of middle branch in the circuit,

24 3 6
 5VO = 24  VO = = 4.8 V R1  2   4
5 3 6
Q.17 (2) Now, R1 = 4W, and 4W are in parallel, so equivalent
resistance of the circuit is given by
dQ
Current, I =  dQ = Idt
dt 4 4
R  1  3
Q=I×t 44
Here, I = 20 A, t = 1 h 30 min = 5400 s
V 4.5 3
 Q = 20 = × 5400 = 108000 = 10.8 × 104C Current drawn from battery, I    A
R 3 2

Q.18 (1) I1 = I – I 1 (Both branches have same resistance)

I 3
5mA Rg R  I1 =  A
2 4

V1 V2 Current through 3W resistance,

6 6 3 1
20 volt I2  I1    A
36 9 4 2
5mA (Rg + R) = 20
 5 × 10–3 (50 + R) = 20 Power dissipated in 3W resistance, P = I 22 R

20  1000 1
2
3
 (50 + R) =  4000     3  = W = 0.75 W
5  
2 4
 R = 3950 Q.23 (1)
Q.19 (2) Applying Kirchoff’s junction law, we get
For Ohmic devices, V  I
 Graph (a) represents the correct I – v characteristics.
20A
4A
Q.20 (1) 15A
L 4L 5A 19A
Resistance, R  
A D 2
 Option (b) is suitable among the four options. I = 2/A
3A 2A

62 PHYSICS
Q.24 (4)
 Current Electricity

Ohm’s law is applicable to conductor because V – I V1 =  – Ir1

relationship in linear for conductor. But as per question V1 = 0
Q.25 (2)

The last band on the carbon resistor stands for 0 =  – Ir1 or I  r ...(ii)
1
tolerance. If it is absent, then the tolerance is 20%.
Equating eqns. (i) and (ii) we get
Q.26 (3)
In the given circuit, 3 and 3 are in series and this 2 
 or 2r = r + r + R
combination is in parallel with 6. Their equivalent r1  r2  R r1 1 1 2

resistance.
or R = 2r1 – r1 – r2 = r1 – r2
 3  3  6 36
    3
 3  3   6 12 Q.29 (2)
The slope of I–V graph gives the reciprocal of
This resistance is in series with 4 and 5. So the resistance.
effect resistance between P and Q is
RPQ = 4 + 3 + 5 = 12 1
i.e., tan =
R
Q.27 (2)
In the given circuit, all the five resistors are I Q
connected in parallel to 300V battery.
Therefore, the potential difference across each P
resistor is V = 300V
and by Ohm’s law current through each resistor is  p Q
O
V
V 300V 1
I   A
R 1500 5
Where  is the angle which the line makes with the V-
Since the three resistors are connected to the right of axis.
ammeter, hence the reading of the ideal ammeter A From the graph,
As Q > p
1  3
= 3I = 3  A   A  tanQ > tanP
5  5
Q.28 (3) 1 1
or R  R or RP > RQ
The cells are connected in series across R as shown Q P

in figure. Q.30 (1)

Since the cells are in series, so their equivalent emf is Their volume are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5
 r1  r2 r12 l1 : r22 l2 : r32 l3 = 1 : 3 : 5

r12 5l : r22 3l : r32 l = 1 : 3 : 5

I I
 5r12 : 3r22 :1r32 = 1 : 3 : 5
R
5r12 3r22 r32 k
eq =  +  = 2    k  r12  , r22  k, r32  5k
1 3 5 5
and their equivalent internal resistance is
req = r1 + r2 l1 l2 l3 5l 3l l
The current in the circuit is R1 : R2 : R3 = r 2 : r 2 : r 2  r 2 : r 2 : r 2
1 2 3 1 2 3
eq 2
I  ...(i)
r R r r R 5l 3l l
eq 1 2
 : :  125 : 15 : 1
The terminal potential difference across the cell of k / 5 k 5k
internal resistance r1 is
PHYSICS 63
Current Electricity

Q.31 (3)
Er 2  r
E – ir = E – = kl2  E = kl2   ...(ii)
2r  2 

1R1 1R2 2  r l1 240

From eqn. (i) and (ii),  
2 l 2 120

1R3
R7
1.2V

5
R
 r = 2
1

1
6
R Q.35 (1)
2R8 1R4
1
Given, length, l = 10cm, A = 1 × cm
R3 and R4 are in series. So, 2
R’ = R3 + R4 = 1 + 1 = 2W
l
Now, R2 R5 and R’ are in parallel, So, We know that R = 
A
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 2 So, for maximum resistance, A should be minimum.
        R"  
R " R2 R5 R ' 1 1 2 2 5

Now, R7, R6 and R” are in parallel, So Q.36 (Bonus)

Given, e = 12V, r = 2 × 10–2 , I = 80A
1 1 1 5 6 The relation between the terminal voltage and emf is,
    R '''  
R "' 3 1 2 23  = V + Ir  V =  – Ir
Now, R1 R8 and R’’’ are in series.  V = 12 – 80 × 2 × 10–2
or V = 12 – 1.6 = 10.4 A
6 75
So, equivalent resistance, R = 1 + 2 
23 23
Q.37 (1)
 Current through 2W resistor is,
R R R
V 1.2  23 Here, R eq   
I   0.36A 3 6 3
R 75
5 5
Q.32 (4)  R   R  1 
6 6
i1

i3
i2
B
Kirchoff’s junction rule is I3 = I1 + I2 I I
i.e., sum of incoming currents = sum of outgoing I/2
I
I/2 A B
currents
 based on conservation of charge
I/2
I/2
I I/2
I
Q.33 (2) A 3I I I/2

The equation of terminal potential difference of a cell is

given by, V = E – Ir
Q.38 (Bonus)
When I = 0, V = 3 V,
We know carbon resistance
 E = V = 3V
= (Ist significant × 10 + IInd significant)
E 3 × Multiplier + Tolerance
When V = 0, I = 6A  r =   0.5
I 6  R = 200 + 10%
Q.34 (2) So, colour code is red, black, brown, silver
E = kl1 ...(i) Q.39 (1)
Apply Kirchoff’s Junction rule,
we get,
64 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Req = 10
V 10
I/3 ii    1A
I/6 R 10
I/3
V1  10V
I/6 I/3
In IInd circuit
I/6
I/3 I 1 1 1
I/6
 
R eq R1 R 2
I/3 I/6
I 1 1 1
I/3  
R eq 10 10  

1 1
 0
V R eq 10

By Loop rule R eq  10

I I I 10
V  R   R  0 i2   1A
10
3 6 3
V2=10V
5I R
V Q.2 (2)
6
A B
V 5R
R eq  
I 6
Q.40 (4)

 2R
we know R  (i)
; Req=
3
;
A
R  

V 1 V2 3V 2
also from graph R  I  slope Peq = =
R eq 2R
so, if length is increased, R will increase and slope
would decrease
Q.41 (1)
Q.42 (4)
3R
Q.43 (4) (ii) ; Req= ;P e q
2
Q.44 (1)
Q.45 (3)
Q.46 (3)
V2 2V 2
NEET = =
R eq 3R
Q.1 (3)
Resistance for ideal voltmeter =  P  eq 1 3 3 9
  
Resistance for ideal ammeter = 0 P  eq 2
2 2 4
For Ist circuit
1 1 1
  Q.3 (4)
R eq R1 R 2 Fuse is used as a circuit protector
1 1 1
  Q.4 (3)
R eq 10 
The colour code of the given resistor is yellow, violet
1 1 – 7, Brown -1 and Gold = 5%
 0  R = 47 × 101 ± 5% = 470  ± 5%
R eq 10
PHYSICS 65
Current Electricity

Hence the equivalent resistance in series will be 4 ohm.

Q.5 (3)
The negative temperature coefficient of the resistance Q.9 (4)
is only present in the insulators or the semiconductors.
eE
In these, the resistance decreases with increase in The formula of drift velocity is v d  
temperature. m
I neAvd
Q.6 (2) Current density J    nevd
A A
For metals, resistivity versus time graph is
m m
Resistivity is    2
ne 
2
ne 

V
 Resistance is R =
I
 l El EA E
   
T
A I I J
where, E = electric field, A = area of cross section
Q.7 (1) e = electronic charge n = number of density of electrons,
Unknown is X, R = 10.  = relaxation time.
l1 3 X l1 Q.10 (1)
Here, l  2 ; R  l By KCL
2 2
i1 = i2 + i3
3 ...(i)
X  10  X  15 Voltage is same in r2 and r3 as they are in parallel
2
i2r2 = i3r3
X R
i3 r3
i2 
G r2
l1 l2
A B ...(ii)
From eqn. (i) and (ii),
i3 r3
( ) i1   i3
r2
Thus, 1.5 m length has resistanc 15 hence, length of
i2 r2
1.5
1 of the resistance wire = = 0.1 m = 1.0 × 10–1 m r1
15
Q.8 (3) Ai B
1

Given that, four wires of same material, euqal area of i3 r3

cross-section and equal length.
Resistance of each wire is ‘R’. i3 r3  i3 r2 r r 
For parallel combination, Req = 0.25 or i1   i3  2 3 
r2  r2 
When wires are connected in parallel,
i3 r
1

1

1

1

1  2
R eq R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 i1 r2  r3
Q.11 (1)
1 1 1 1 1 Resistance of P & Q should be approx. equal as it
   
R eq R R R R decreases error in experiment.

1 4
  R  1 Q.12 (3)
0.25 R
So, resistance of each wire is 1. 102
Radius of wire =
Now, wires are connected in series. Then, equivalent 
resistance is Cross sectional area A = r2 = 10–4 m2
Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4
Req = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4
66 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

i  V  1 E 
j=   .  R
A  R  A RA A
10  10
j= = 105 A /m2
10 104
or
E E 10  10  
J = E   
 RA 10  10 4  
 105 A / m2 10  2 8 1
i400     iR
400 400 50
Q.13 (1) VR 2 1
iR    R  100
100  R R 50
Q.19 (1)
V
10  5 5
i=  A
200  10 10
As both resistors are in parallel combination so potential
drop (V) across both are same.
V2 1
P= P
R R
P1 R2 200 2
=  =
P2 R1 100 1
=2:1

Q.14 (2) = 0.5 A

For conductors  is (+)ve from A to B through E.
For semiconductors & Insulators  is (–) ve
Q.20 (2)
Q.15 (4) R = [22 × 103 ± 5%]
E = P × t = 100 × 103 × 3600 Acc. to color code
= 36 × 107 J Third Band  Orange
Q.16 (1) (color code for digit 3 is orange)
E
Is = ....(1)
10R JEE MAIN
E 10E Q.1 (4)
IP =  ....(2) It is balanced wheat stone bridge so
R /10 R
RAB = R
IP Q.2 (1)
n=  100 n = 100
IS 
Ri =
A
Q.17 (2) (1.25) 
RT = R0[l + (T–T0)] Rf = = (1.25)2
(A / 1.25) A
6.8 = 2[l + (80 – )]
 Rf = Ri (1.5625)
2.4
= = 0.03/°C = 3 × 10–2 / °C  Rf = Ri (1+0.5625)
80
Rf  Ri
 Ri = 0.5625
Q.18 (2)
For no reading galvanometer. Potential across it is
same. R
 % = 56.25%
R

PHYSICS 67
Current Electricity

Q.3 [3] Q.7 (48)

In Balanced conditions
12 x

6 72  x
x = 48 cm

Q.8 (3)

A A/cos
A = 0.04 m ,  = 60°, I = 5A
2
=
 = 44 × 10–8  m
   4 1
I = J  A  JA cos 60  J  
100 2
21
I = 3 mA 5 100  2
5 11 J  250A m 2
4
Q.4 (4) E = J = 44 × 10–8 × 250 = 11 ×10–5 V m–1
500 = (1.5)2 × R × 20
Q.9 (3)
500
R= Writing potentials to different nodes
45
E = (3)2 × R × 20 20 V 5
E = 2000 J 140V 90V
P
Q.5 [2]
i = 10A, A = 5 mm2 = 5 × 10–6 m2 140V 6 90V
and vd = 2 × 10–3 m/s
We know, i = neAvd
 10 = n × 1.6 × 10–19 × 5 × 10–6 × 2 × 10–3 0 0 (Assume)
 n = 0.625 × 1028
= 625 × 1025 Applying KCL at node P,
V  0 V  90 V  140
Q.6 [70]   0
6 5 20
50  20 100  10V + 12V – 1080 + 3V – 420 = 0
R eq1  
70 7 Potential at node P, V = 60V
v1 V0
 Current in 6   10A
6
Q.10 [15]
Let the emf is E and internal resistance is r.
V 1.25
Case I : Current, I = 
r 5
As,  – Ir = V
170
1.25
– r  1.25 ...(i)
170 5
Req =
7 V 1
Case II : Current, I  
  r 2
 170  V
 10  70v
v1 =  170  Also,  – Ir = V or   r 1 ...(ii)
  r
 7  By solving eqns. (i) and (ii), we get  = 1.5V, r = 1

68 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

x Now, 66connected in parallel,

On comparing the given value, with V,
10 1 1 1 2
  
R 6 6 6
 15 
we get x = 15  V or 1.5V   R = 3.
 10 
Q.11 (45) Q.15 (4)
Resistance of each arm = 4 
V = 9V, r = 1 

4

4 4

4

1
9V

Let the current is i,

4 4 4 is in series.
Rs = 4 × 3 = 12 
Now, andare in parallel.
12  4
 RP =  3
12  4
3 3 / 2 9 / 2
9 9 9 9 Req =   1
Now, i =  A ; Vr  ir   1  V 3 3/ 2 9/ 2
1 3 4 4 4
Potential difference across each 4 in series is Q.16 (3)

9
V' = V
4 20
So, potential difference across diagonals of the loop,
9 9 20
V"  V  V  4.5V  45 101 V
4 4
Q.12 (4)
Q.13 (1) 1.5V
Q = U + W r
Q U W
 
t t t
1.5V r
6000 J 2.5 10 3
  90
60 sec t equivalent Circuit
t = 250 sec
Option (1)
Q.14 [3]
Resistance of each half = 6
6

A B

6
PHYSICS 69
Current Electricity

 R 
2

= 4×106 ×  πR 2 - π   
Req = 10   2  

3
= 4×106 × πR 2 ×
4
3
1.5V = 4 × 106 ×  × (4 × 10–3)2 × = 48 πA
req = r/2 4
Q. 21 (12)
Req = 10
I
4mm
V 6
J=1×10 A/m
2

i
1.5V req = r/2 I =  JdA

I =  106 × 2xsdx

1.5 x2 r
i  106  2.x ]r / 2
r 2
10 
2
 r2 
V = I (Req) = π ×106  r 2 -  = 12π
 4
x = 12
1.5(10) Q.22 (A)
1.2 
 r R= R0(1 +ΔT)
10   3 = R0(1 +(30-0))
 2 
2 = R0(1 +(10-0))
r 15
10   10 3 1  30α
2 12 
2 1  10α
r 5
  10 –10
2 4 1
α  0.033
10
30
r  2  5 Q.23 (8)
4
Q.17 [450] R R/2
R
Thermal energy developed R R/2
H = i2Rt R
300 = 22 × R × 15 R R/2
R
300 R R/2
 R   5 I
60 +

For I = 3A, t = 10s, R = 5 3V -

H = 32 × 5 × 10 = 450 J
29-Current Electricity

Q.18 (300) 15R 15

R eq = = Ω
Q.19 (A) 8 8
Q.20 (48)
3 8
J=
I I= = A
15 5
A
I = JA 8
a=8
70 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Q.24 (144)
A  dV 
v IC = 0  
d  dt 

40×10–4
 4.425×10 –6 = 8.85×10–12 × ×10
d

104
 1  2  40 
45° d
I  d = 80 × 10–4 m
Diameter = 2.4 cm d = 8 × 10–3 m
Radius = 1.2 cm x=8
 = 31.4. cm Q.26 [4]
x cm
tan sloperesistance
R=1

R=
A
4
RA 1 3.14  (1.2)  10
2
144  102
  
 31.4 102 10 100
m
= 144 m
x = 144
using KCL at A junction
Q.25 (x = 8) v0  2 v0  4 v0  6
  0
Displacement current = 4.425 A 1 1 1
Rate of change of voltage = 106 vs–1 3 V0= 12
Area of plate = 40 cm V0 = 4 Volt

Q.27 [20]
E
+ - At null point
+ - 4 × 60 = Q × 40
A
+ - Q  6
Now P = ( 4 + x)
d
(4 + x) × 20 = 6 × 80
4 + x = 24
We know that
x  20
d
Id = ε 0 E
dt
Q.28 (2)
 E  electric flux
A 1 2   eq A
σ
E = A = EA l l 2l
ε0 Let length of wire be ‘l’
Area of wire as ‘A’
v
Ε = A For equivalent wire length = 2l & area will be A
d Thermal resistance
Req = R1 + R2
dE dv  A 
 =   2l l l
dt dt  d   
eq A 1A 2 A
dE
 IC  0 .
dt
PHYSICS 71
Current Electricity

Q.32 (2)
2l l l 
  1–
eq 1  2
X Y
21 2
 eq    
2
1 2
W
Rx x
Q.29 [136] 
Ry Y
When wire is stretched to double of its length, then
resistance becomes 4 times
RW = 4 Rx = 2RY
Rx 1

pl 1.7  10 8  1 1.7  10 8 RY 2
R   
A 2  10 6 2
X 1
1.7 1.7 So,   2
V  IR  1 102  102 Volt Y
2 2
Q.33 [40]
V 1.7 N Potential gradient
E   10 2
l 2 C
e
F = qE x does not depends on cross sectional area
l
1.7
F  1.6 1019  102  1.36 1021  136 10 23 Hence, balancing point will be same x = 40 cm
2
Ans - 136 Q.34 (1)
Q.30 (3)
88
Statement I : - 80 is cut in 4 parts so resistance of By WSB, Req =  4
each part = 20 if they are in parallel 88

1 1 1 1 1 4 V 40
I   10A
     Re q 4
R eq 20 20 20 20 20
Q.35 (2)
Req = 5 
Statement- 2 : 2R & 3R in parallel 10V 20V 20V
O
So, thermal energy developed
10 I1
2 1
E= t E  10V
R R 20V
10 I2
E1 2R

E 2 3R = 2 : 3 10V I310 0V
Statement I is correct and statement II is incorrect. 20  10
Q.31 (2) I1 = I2 = = 1A
10
Equivalent circuit
I3 = 1A
9
9
3 I1  I3
I2 =2
9
=
Q.36 (1)
400
6V 6V
V
I = 6 = 2A
3 100 100
1/2A

90V
72 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Q.40 (2)
400  100
Req = + 100
500 2 40  22.5 62.5 5
= 180  = = =
 3x  60  22.5 37.5 3
 
 3 x 
90 1
i= = A
180 2
6 3x
=
1 400 5 3 x
Reading = × × 100
2 500 6 + 2x = 5x  x = 2
= 40 volt
Q.37 (4) Q.41 (1)
Equivalent resistance of circuit
V2
Req = 3 + 1 + 2 + 4 + 2 H= ×t
R
= 12

24 V2 t
Current through battery i = = 2A
12 H1 R
2
H2 = V t =3:1
R5 5 2 3R
I4 = R  R × 2 = ×2= A
4 5 20  5 5
Q.42 (1)
2 8 Q.43 (2)
I5 = 2 – = A
5 5 Q.44 (1)
Q.38 (2) Q.45 (4)
I = 2A Wheat stone bridge is in balanced condition.
 V = 3.4 V
Using Ohm’s Law R 3R

3.4 A B
R= = 1.7
2
2R 6R
L
1.7 =
A 1 1 1
Req = 4R + 8R
1.7  A 
L=
 8R
Req =
M = (density volume) 3
Q.46 (4)
8.92  10 3 Q = (t – t2 + t3)
Volume = = 10–6
8.92  103
dQ
1.7 i= = ( – 2t + 3t2)
1.7 dt
L2 = –6 2
 (10 ) = 1.7 × 10
di
L = 10m = (6t – 2) = 0
dt
Q.39 (30) 
t=
R1  R 2 60 3 3
= =  R1 + R2 = 15
10 40 2
 2 
i = ( – 2t + 3t2) =    
R 1R 2 40 2  3 
Now  R  R   3 = =  R1R2 = 30
1 2 60 3
PHYSICS 73
Current Electricity

Q.47 (2) Q. 52 (3)

R
x RA =
2 2
= 1
x
3 x 2R
RB =
3
2 1
 = R
3 x 1 RC =
3
1 RD = 3R
 x = 0.5 = PD > PA > PB > PC [ P  I 2 R eff ]
2
n=2
Q.53 [75]
Capacitor would behave as open circuit.
Q.48 (3)
A 4 3 
VC   12  12  volts
 6 12 


4

2

1.5 A = (8 – 3)V = 5V
C
1
C  5
2
1.5 A U
4
2


= 75 J
2

B
Q.54 (4)
9V In steady state, capacitor behaves as open circuit.
Req = 3  VC = i × 6 V
9 3
I=  3A   6
3 10
VC – VA = 2 × 1.5 = 3 .....(i) V
VC – VB = 4 × 1.5 = 6 .....(ii)  Q = CV = 7.2 C
VA – VB = 6 – 3 = 3
Q.55 [15]
Q.49 (4) R1 1.2 1
= =
10 R2 2 1+ α100

2
10 1+ α100 =
10 1.2
0.8 2
α100 = =
1.2 3
20 1
 Req =  α50 =
3 3
30 4
I=
20
A = 1.5 A 1+ α50 =
3
Q.50 (1)
Rseries > R1 or R2 I3 3
 = × 2A = 1.5A
as Rseries = R1 + R2 I1 4
 = 0 (1 + T) = 15 × 102 mA
Q.51 (1) Q.56 (1)
50 = (RG + R) 10–3
50000 = 54 + R 84
I  0.5A
R  50 k 8
10–3 × 54 = r × 9 × 10–3
6 2 1 1
r=6 I3   0.5    A
9 3 2 3
74 PHYSICS
 Current Electricity

Q.57 (3) Q.62 (4)

8 1 1 1
I through battery =  4A  
2 R R1 R 2
3 2
I through CD = 2  A 
dR dR1 dR 2
  2
9 3 R 2 R12 R2
12 1
 A 1 1 1
2  3  3
I through R2 =    R
150
 6
R 10 15 25
Q.58 (100)
Rmax = 10 × 10 = 100   0.5 0.5 
 dR = 36     0.26
Rmin = 10/10 = 1   100 15  15 
Ratio = Rmax/Rmin = 100  R = 6 ± 0.26

Q.59 [3] dR
in percentage = 4.33%
R
B
Q.63 (2)
A 30  x 12  x 2  x
  0
10 20 30
I = 1 cm = 0.01 m x 2 x
30  x  6    0
A = 100 × 1 = 100 cm2 2 3 3
= 0.01 m2 x = 20 V
e 3 10  0.01
7
8
R=  = 3 × 10–7 I A  0.4A
A 0.01 20
Q.60 (4) Q.64 (1)
Electron drifts from lower potential to higher potential For voltage measurement across RT
on curved path. Voltmeter should have very high resistance
Numerical Value Type Questions: This section  R1 should be in series with G1 and Ammeter should
contains 10 questions. In Section B, attempt any five be having very less resistance
questions out of 10. The answer to each question is a  R2 should be in parallel with G2
NUMERICAL VALUE. For each question, enter the
correct numerical value (in decimal notation, truncated/
rounded-off to the second decimal place; e.g., 06.25,
07.00, –00.33, –00.30, 30.27, –27.30) using the mouse
and the on-screen virtual numeric keypad in the place
designated to enter the answer.

Q.61 (2)

Capacitors would behave as open circuits

 VC1  i  6  R G 

And VC2  i  R G  8 

8 4
 Ratio  
10 5

PHYSICS 75