UNIT 3

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application software/End-user programs also known as end-user programs or productivity
programs. They are software that helps the user in completing tasks. Application Software
programs are designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular environment.

Word Processing

These applications for documentation.

which permits the user to create, edit, format, file and print usually text documents.
For example: MS-WORD, WordPerfect, WordStar, and WordPad.

3.2.1 Creating

A Table: Word provides several options for creating tables including :

1. dragging method,
2. inserting table dialog box,
3. table drawing tools and
4. quick table method.

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3.3 Spreadsheet

• A spreadsheet or worksheet is a file made of rows and columns that is used to sort,
organize and arrange data efficiently, and calculate numerical data.

• Today, Microsoft Excel is the most popular and widely used spreadsheet program, but
there are also many alternatives.

Examples of spreadsheets

Microsoft Excel Window

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• There are 2 basic ways to perform calculations using spreadsheet:

1. Formulas and

2. Functions

A formula is an expression that operates on values in a range of cells or a cell.

For example, =B2+B3, which finds the sum of the range of values from cell B2 to cell B3

• Functions are predefined formulas in spreadsheet.

The structure of a function begins with an equal sign (=).

Some of the functions in spreadsheet are sum, average, maximum and minimum.

For example: - =SUM (C3:C6).

Order of operation

Excel calculates formulas based on the following order of operations:

1. Operations enclosed in parentheses. ()

2. Exponential calculations (3^2, for example)
3. Multiplication and division whichever comes next.
4. Addition and subtraction whichever comes next.

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Working with arguments

• Arguments can refer to both individual cells and cell ranges, and must be enclosed within
parentheses. You can include one argument or multiple arguments depending on the
syntax required for the function.

• Multiple arguments must be separated by a comma. For example, the function = SUM
(A1:A3, C1:C2, E2) will add the values of all the cells in the three arguments.

Functions

• Here are some of the most common functions you will use:

• SUM: This function adds all of the values of the cells in the argument.

• AVERAGE: This function determines the average of the values included in the
argument. It calculates the sum of the cells and then divides that value by the number of
cells in the argument.

• COUNT: This function counts the number of cells with numerical data in the argument.
This function is useful for quickly counting items in a cell range.

• MAX: This function determines the highest cell value included in the argument.

• MIN: This function determines the lowest cell value included in the argument.

Automatic command

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3.3.3 Working with Data

• Excel includes several tools that make it easier to view content from different parts of
your workbook at the same time such as the ability to freeze panes and split your
worksheet.

A. Freezing Panes and View Options

• Split: The Split command allows you to divide the worksheet into multiple panes that
scroll separately.

B. Sorting Data

Content can be sorted alphabetically, numerically and in many other ways.

C. Filtering Data

3.3.4 Working with Charts

A chart is a powerful tool that allows you to visually display data in a variety of different chart
formats such as bar, column, pie, line, area, scatter, surface or radar charts. With Excel, it is easy
to create a chart. Creating a chart in Microsoft Office Excel is quick and easy. Excel provides a
variety of chart types that you can choose from when you create a chart. Excel offers pie, line,
bar and column charts, to name a few.

To insert a chart:

1. Select the cells you want to insert chart, including the column titles and row labels. These
cells will be the source data for the chart.
2. From the Insert tab, click the desired Chart command.
3. Choose the desired chart type from the drop-down menu
4. The selected chart will be inserted into the worksheet

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Chart layout and style

To add a chart element, click the Add Chart Element command on the Design tab; then choose
the desired element from the drop-down menu.

To edit a chart element, like a chart title, simply double-click the placeholder and begin typing.

3.3.5 Applying Different Effects to a Cell (Formatting a Cell)

a. Font Formatting

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the font command on the home tab. The font drop-
down menu will appear.
3. Select the desired font. A live preview of the new font will appear as you hover the
mouse over different options

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 4. The text will change to the selected font.

To change the font size:

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the font size command on the home tab. The font size
dropdown menu will appear.
3. Select the desired font size. A live preview of the new font size will appear as you hover
the mouse over different options.
4. The text will change to the selected font size

To change the font color:

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font Color command on the home tab. The Color
menu will appear.
3. Select the desired font color. A live preview of the new font color will appear as you
hover the mouse over different option.
4. The text will change to the selected font color

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b. Text Alignment

To change horizontal text alignment

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Select one of the three horizontal alignment commands on the home tab. In our example,
we will choose Center Align
3. The text will be realigned

c. Cell Borders and Fill Colors

Cell borders and fill colors allow you to create clear and defined boundaries for different
sections of your worksheet

To add a border:

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Borders command on the Home tab. The Borders
dropdown menu will appear
3. Select the border style you want to use.
4. The selected border style will appear

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To add a fill color:

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify. 2

2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the fill color command on the home tab. The fill color
menu will appear.
3. Select the fill color you want to use. A live preview of the new fill color will appear as
you hover the mouse over different options. In our example, we will choose Light Green
4. The selected fill color will appear in the selected cells

d. Cell Styles

Rather than formatting cells manually, you can use Excel’s predesigned cell styles. Cell styles
are quick ways to include professional formatting, such as titles and headers, for different parts
of your workbook.

To apply a cell style:

1. Select the cell(s) you wish to modify.

2. Click the Cell Styles command on the home tab, and then choose the desired style from
the drop-down menu.
3. The selected cell style will appear.

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e. Formatting Text and Numbers
One of the most powerful tools in Excel is the ability to apply specific formatting for text
and numbers. Instead of displaying all cell contents in the same way, you can use
formatting to change the appearance of dates, times, decimals, percentages (%), currency
($) and much more.

To apply number formatting:

1. Select the cells(s) you wish to modify.
2. Click the drop-down arrow next to the Number Format command on the home tab.
The Number Formatting drop-down menu will appear.
3. Select the desired formatting option.
4. The selected cells will change to the new formatting style

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 3.4 PowerPoint Presentation
3.4.1 Using Animation and Transitions
a. Slide Transitions
Transitions are animated effects that occur when you move from one slide
to another.
To insert transitions:
1. Check that you are in normal view and that the first slide is selected.
2. Move to the transitions tab and click to see the ribbon as seen in Figure
3. . Choose one of the transition effects for the first slide (the more button shows all the
effects)
4. Note that a small star symbol appears to the left of the first slide miniature; this indicates
that a transition has been set up on this slide. Next, explore the options available.
5. Click on effect options and change the direction of the effect.
6. Increase the duration of the transition to slow it down and see the effect more clearly.
7. Open the sound drop-down list and then click camera (to add the sound of a camera
shutter opening and closing at each transition). If you do not hear the sound, try
previewing it again. If you still do not hear the sound, make sure that your speakers are
on or your system’s sound is not muted in Windows and that the volume is turned up
8. Under the advance slide, set the next slide to appear after you have set the number of
seconds.
9. Move to the next slide and repeat steps 3 to 6, choosing different effects.

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 10. Finally save your presentation (press Ctrl+S); then run it (press F5) to see the effects;
press Esc when you have seen enough.
To standardize the transition:
1. Remove the effects by choosing None, the first in the list; then click Apply to All.
2. Next, choose your preferred transition; repeat steps 3 to 6, and then click Apply to All
3. Finally, press F5 to see the effects.
b. Animation Schemes

PowerPoint allows information on your slides to appear one item at a time. This stops your
audience from reading ahead of you, making them concentrated on each point individual.

To animate a set of bullet points:

1. Move to the ANIMATIONS tab, and then click on a slide with a bulleted list on it.
2. Click on the bullet points; then move the mouse over the Animations icons and watch the
effects. 128 129 Unit 3 : Application Software
3. Click on the more button at the foot of the Animations scroll bar to see more animations
4. From the list of animations, choose one of them, for example, Fade.
5. Click on Effect Options, if active, and see what is available.
6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 for another slide with bullet points, choosing a different animation

To see what you can do with advanced animation:

1. Click on the slide title on one of the slides that you have already animated.
2. Next, click on the animation pane button in the advanced animation group to display the
task pane currently; the title and the picture are not animated.

To add animation:

1. Click on the add animation button and choose an entrance animation.

2. Click the < > button (or move earlier in the timing group) to animate it before the list.
3. Select the title again and this time add animation choosing an emphasis animation.
4. Repeat step 10 to move it to the second in the list.
5. Click Play from or Preview button to view your changes.

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6. Next, try animating the picture, displaying it after the title animations.
7. Finally, save your presentation (press Ctrl+S), and then run it from the first slide
(press F5).
8. End by closing the animation pane (click on the button or the [x] at its top right

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