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Dart and Flutter Notes

The document provides a detailed explanation of data types in Dart, including numbers, strings, booleans, lists, sets, maps, and dynamic types. It highlights the characteristics and examples of each data type, emphasizing Dart's static typing and type inference capabilities. Understanding these data types is essential for efficient data handling in Flutter applications.

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9 views

Dart and Flutter Notes

The document provides a detailed explanation of data types in Dart, including numbers, strings, booleans, lists, sets, maps, and dynamic types. It highlights the characteristics and examples of each data type, emphasizing Dart's static typing and type inference capabilities. Understanding these data types is essential for efficient data handling in Flutter applications.

Uploaded by

mamidisudeep.photography
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flutter notes

Datatypes in Dart (Flutter) – Detailed Explanation


In Dart, datatypes define the type of values a variable can store. Dart is a statically
typed language, meaning each variable must have a type. Dart also supports type inference,
meaning it can automatically detect the type when a variable is assigned a value.

1. Number Data Types


Numbers in Dart can be classified into three types:

Datatype Description
int Represents whole numbers (positive, negative, zero) without decimals.
double Represents floating-point numbers (decimal values).
num A supertype of both int and double, allowing a variable to hold either type.

1.1. int (Integer)

 Used to store whole numbers (without decimal points).


 Example:

dart
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void main() {
int age = 26;
int population = 1000000;
int negativeValue = -42;

print(age); // Output: 26
print(population); // Output: 1000000
print(negativeValue); // Output: -42
}

1.2. double (Floating-Point Number)

 Stores decimal numbers (floating-point values).


 Example:

dart
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void main() {
double price = 199.99;
double pi = 3.14159;
print(price); // Output: 199.99
print(pi); // Output: 3.14159
}

1.3. num (Supertype of int and double)

 Allows a variable to store both int and double.


 Example:

dart
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void main() {
num number1 = 10; // int
num number2 = 10.5; // double

print(number1); // Output: 10
print(number2); // Output: 10.5
}

1.4. Number Operations

Dart supports standard arithmetic operations:

dart
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void main() {
int a = 10;
double b = 5.5;
num c = 20;

print(a + b); // Addition (15.5)


print(a - b); // Subtraction (4.5)
print(a * b); // Multiplication (55.0)
print(a / b); // Division (Result is double → 1.818...)
print(a ~/ b); // Integer Division (Result is int → 1)
print(a % b); // Modulus (Remainder → 4.5)
}

2. String Data Type (String)


A String is a sequence of characters, enclosed in single (' ') or double (" ") quotes.

2.1. Declaring Strings


dart
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void main() {
String name = "Flutter";
String language = 'Dart';
print(name); // Output: Flutter
print(language); // Output: Dart
}

2.2. String Interpolation ($ or ${})

 Allows inserting variables inside a string using $ or ${}.

dart
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void main() {
String name = "Dart";
int version = 3;

print("Welcome to $name version $version");


// Output: Welcome to Dart version 3

print("Square of 4 is ${4 * 4}");


// Output: Square of 4 is 16
}

2.3. Multi-line Strings


dart
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void main() {
String multiLine = '''This is
a multi-line
string.''';

print(multiLine);
}

3. Boolean Data Type (bool)


 Represents true or false values.
 Used in conditions and logical operations.

Example
dart
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void main() {
bool isFlutterEasy = true;
bool isDartDifficult = false;

print(isFlutterEasy); // Output: true


print(isDartDifficult); // Output: false
}
4. Lists (List<T>) – Ordered Collection
A List in Dart is an ordered collection of elements, like an array.

4.1. Declaring Lists


dart
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void main() {
List<int> numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
List<String> fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Mango"];

print(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]


print(fruits); // Output: [Apple, Banana, Mango]
}

4.2. Accessing List Elements


dart
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void main() {
List<String> colors = ["Red", "Blue", "Green"];

print(colors[0]); // Output: Red


print(colors.length); // Output: 3
}

4.3. Modifying a List


dart
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void main() {
List<int> numbers = [10, 20, 30];

numbers.add(40); // Adds an element


numbers.remove(20); // Removes an element

print(numbers); // Output: [10, 30, 40]


}

5. Sets (Set<T>) – Unique Collection


A Set is an unordered collection of unique elements (no duplicates).

5.1. Declaring Sets


dart
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void main() {
Set<int> uniqueNumbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

print(uniqueNumbers); // Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}


}

5.2. Adding and Removing Elements


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void main() {
Set<String> cities = {"New York", "London", "Paris"};

cities.add("Tokyo");
cities.remove("London");

print(cities); // Output: {New York, Paris, Tokyo}


}

6. Maps (Map<K, V>) – Key-Value Pair Collection


A Map is a collection of key-value pairs, like a dictionary in Python.

6.1. Declaring Maps


dart
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void main() {
Map<String, int> marks = {
"Math": 90,
"Science": 85,
"English": 88
};

print(marks); // Output: {Math: 90, Science: 85, English: 88}


}

6.2. Accessing and Modifying a Map


dart
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void main() {
Map<String, String> capital = {
"India": "New Delhi",
"USA": "Washington D.C."
};

print(capital["India"]); // Output: New Delhi

capital["UK"] = "London"; // Add new key-value pair


print(capital); // Output: {India: New Delhi, USA: Washington D.C., UK:
London}
}

7. Dynamic Type (dynamic)


 Allows a variable to hold any type of value.
 Type checking happens at runtime.

Example
dart
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void main() {
dynamic variable = "Hello";
print(variable); // Output: Hello

variable = 123;
print(variable); // Output: 123
}

Conclusion
Dart provides various datatypes to handle different kinds of data efficiently. Choosing the right
datatype improves performance and memory usage in Flutter applications.

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