Scribd
Upload
4 views23 pages

Lecture 1-Introduction To Process Dynamics and Control

The document outlines the Process Dynamics and Control course at Malawi University of Science and Technology, detailing the module's aim, intended learning outcomes, and assessment methods. It covers key concepts such as open-loop and closed-loop control systems, process dynamics, and the importance of feedback in engineering applications. Students are required to maintain a logbook and complete assignments related to the course material.

Uploaded by

Fiskani Matemanga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views23 pages

Lecture 1-Introduction To Process Dynamics and Control

The document outlines the Process Dynamics and Control course at Malawi University of Science and Technology, detailing the module's aim, intended learning outcomes, and assessment methods. It covers key concepts such as open-loop and closed-loop control systems, process dynamics, and the importance of feedback in engineering applications. Students are required to maintain a logbook and complete assignments related to the course material.

Uploaded by

Fiskani Matemanga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Malawi University of Science and Technology

Process Dynamics and Control


(PRDC-410)
R. Chilipa
[email protected]
+265 01 478 000 Ext. 8403 or +265 994 069 262
Class Room Block Office 21
Lecture Hours
Monday- 08:00-10:00 HRS (A11)
Wednesday-08:00-10:00 HRS (C9)

Module Aim
• To introduce students to principles of process dynamics
and control as applied in open-loop and closed-loop
systems.
Intended Learning Outcomes
• Determine process control parameters and variables.
• Distinguish between closed-loop systems and open-loop
systems.
• Apply theories and criteria for stability of dynamic
systems.
• Analyze process and system block diagrams.
• Derive transfer function of a dynamic system.
• Model and tune-up Proportional, Integral and
Derivative (PID) controller for process regulation.
Assessment
Class Test (Mid Semester) 15%
Mini Project(MATLAB/Simulink) 20%
Pop-Up Quizzes 5%
End of Module Examination 60%
Logbook

• It is a must that each student should keep a logbook that will be


used to record all the tutorials and practical work.
• A log-book should be a hard-backed lined A4 book.
Introduction to Process Dynamics and Control
• Practically all industrial engineering processes use control.
• A control System consists of subsystems and processes
(plants) assembled for the purpose of controlling outputs of
the process.
• Control engineering uses the measurements of process
variables and the power of actuators to provide better
control of a system’s outputs. This could be the accurate
positioning of components in manufacturing processes or the
maintenance of motor speed in an electrical system.
Process Control
• Refers to study and application of automatic control in
process engineering.
• The main objective of process control is to maintain a
process at the desired operating conditions, safely and
efficiently, while satisfying environmental, economic
and product quality.
• Proper application of process control helps improve
safety and profitability of a process.
Process Dynamics
• Refers to the unsteady state (transient) process behaviour.
• It is important to understand process dynamics as transient
operations often occur during vital situations such as start-
ups and shut-downs, unusual process disturbance and
planned transition from one product grade to another.
• Even at normal operation, a process does not operate at
steady state since there are always variations in external
variables such as feed composition or cooling medium
temperature.
Open Loop Control System
• An open-loop control system is one where the manipulated
input signal does not automatically depend on the actual process
output.

Fig. 2: block diagram representation of an open loop system


Closed Loop Control System
• In closed-loop control systems, as the one shown below, a
feedback line is considered permitting the system to measure the
output and compare it with respect to the reference.
• The difference, called error, is the new input to the controller,
adjusting thus the actuation on the system.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of OL and CL Systems?
Open Loop Closed Loop
Feedback Control
Feedback is a topic studied in many engineering disciplines: for example, chemical,
electrical, and mechanical engineering; and it is applied to a wide range of physical
systems from electrical circuits to guided missiles and robots. Chemical engineers apply
these principles to heat exchangers, mass transfer equipment, chemical reactors, and so
forth.

Feedback has many interesting and useful properties:

 It makes it possible to design systems that work in a desired way even though the
subsystems are not exactly known.
 An unstable system can be stabilized using feedback, and the effects of external
disturbances can be reduced.

 Feedback also offers process designers new degrees of freedom because it increases
flexibility.
Applications of Process Dynamics and Control
• In this module of interest is control applications related to
engineering. Thus, the need to control:
i. actuators such as valves and motors for controlling e.g. flow
rates and pumps
ii. various process units such as:

a. continuously operated processes


b. batch and semi‐batch processes
iii. complete plants such as:
Ethanol Production plant
The principles of feedback control contained in this course, are
universal and applicable to all kinds of engineering and other control
applications. The figures below illustrate some important application
fields.
Assignment
Complete Exercises from Chapters 2, 3 and 4 from
‘Control Engineering_An Introductory Course’.
Thank You

You might also like