Capital University of Science and Technology

Department of Electrical
Engineering

Activities
Based on

Functional English
Semester I

By
Inam Elahi
EE, Department

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 CONTENTS

CHAPTER NAME PAGE

1. PARTS OF SPEECH 3
2. PUNCTUATION 11
3. ARTICLES 12
4. CORRECT USE OF TENSES 16
5. PREPOSITIONS 24
6. CHANGE OF VOICE 32
7. NARRATION 41
8. CORRECTION OF SENTENCES 52

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CHAPTER 1
PARTS OF SPEECH
DEFINITIONS AND KINDS
Words are divided into different kinds or classes according to the purpose that
they are used for. These different kinds of words are called Parts Of Speech.
1. Noun
2. Pronoun
3. Verb
4. Adjective
5. Adverb
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection

1. Noun
i. A noun is a word used for giving a name to some person,
place or thing. Hammad saw a snake in the garden.
2. Pronoun
ii. A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.
iii. Saleem came here; he stayed for two weeks.
3. Verb
i. A verb is a word used for saying something about the activity
of a person or a thing. Tahir saw a snake which was
moving.
4. Adjective
i. An adjective is a word used for qualifying the meanings of a
noun or pronoun. A strong man killed a fierce tiger.
5. Adverb
i. An adverb is a word used for qualifying the meaning of
adverb, adjective or other adverbs.
An almost black snake crept very quickly.
6. Preposition
i. A preposition is a word used before a noun or pronoun to
show its relation with another person or thing.I placed my bag
on the table.
7. Conjunction
i. A conjunction is a word used for joining one word to another
or one sentence to another sentence.
1. Naeem and his brother came.
2. I went there but he was absent.
8. Interjection
i. An interjection is a word in a sentence to express some feeling
of the mind.
ii. Hurrah! I have found my watch.
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 iii. Alas! I have been ruined.

THE KIND OF NOUN

Nouns are of five different kinds:
1. Proper Noun
2. Common Noun
3. Collective Noun
4. Material Noun
5. Abstract Noun

1. Proper Noun
A proper noun is a noun that denotes one particular person or
thing as distinct from every other.
Hassan (person) Dera Ghazi Khan (city) Pakistan (country).
2. Common Noun
A common noun is a noun that denotes a general or common
person or a thing.Man, City, Country, Table, Book.
3. Collective Noun
A collective Noun is a noun that denotes a group, collection or
multitude of similar things considered as one complete whole.
Army, Jury, Flock, Police, Class, Party
4. Material Noun
A material Noun is a noun that denotes the matter or substances
of which things are made. Water, Milk, Silver, Gold, Cotton
5. Abstract Noun
An abstract Noun is a noun that denotes some quality, state, or
action.
Quality. Cleverness, height, colour
State. Poverty, Manhood, Youth
Action. Laughter, Movement, Revenge

THE KINDS OF ADJECTIVES

1. Proper Adjectives
2. Adjectives of Quality
3. Adjectives of Quantity
4. Adjectives of Number
5. Demonstrative Adjectives
6. Distributive Adjectives
7. Interrogative Adjectives
8. Possessive Adjectives

1. Proper Adjectives
These are adjectives that describe a thing by some proper noun.

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 The English Language = The language of England.
The Pakistani city = A city of Pakistan.
2. Adjectives of Quality
These are adjectives that show of what sort or in what state a thing is.
A brave boy; a sick lion; hot water
A black horse; a large field.
3. Adjectives of Quantity
These are adjectives that show how much of a thing is meant.
Much, little, no, some, any, enough, sufficient, all, whole, half.
4. Adjectives of Number
These are the objectives that show how many things there are or in what
numerical order any of them stands.
One—first Two—second
Three—third Thirteen--thirteenth
5. Demonstrative Adjectives
These are adjectives that show which or what thing is meant.
This, That, These, Those
6. Distributive Adjectives
These are adjectives that show that things are taken separately or in
separate lots.
Every, each, either, neither
7. Interrogative Adjectives
These are adjectives that are used with nouns to ask questions.
What, which, whose.
What book is this?
Which way will you go?
Whose pen is this?
8. Possessive Adjectives
These are adjectives that are used with nouns to show the possession of a
thing.
My, our, your, her, his, their, its

THE KINDS OF PRONOUNS

There personal pronouns are so called, because they stand for the three persons.

a. The first, which denotes the person speaking as I we.

b. The second, which denotes the person spoken to as you.
c. The third, which denotes the person or things, spoken of; as he, she,
it they.

THE KINDS OF VERBS

Verbs are subdivided into three main classes:
1. Transitive
2. Intransitive

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 3. Auxiliary or Helping

1. Transitive Verbs
A verb is transitive if the action does not stop with the doer, but
passes from the doer to an object.
He killed a snake.
Love, hate, eat, drink, advise.
2. Intransitive Verb
A verb is intransitive when the action stops with the doer and does
not pass from the doer to an object.
We sleep.
Fall, go, appear, laugh, weep.
3. Auxiliary or Helping Verbs
An auxiliary verb is that verb which helps to form a tense or mood
of some other verbs.
i. I can I can go.
ii. I have I have pen.
Helping verbs are of two categories.
am, is, are, was, were, had, have, has
do, does, did, will, would, shall, should, may, might, can, could,
must, ought.

THE KINDS OF ADVERBS

There are three different kinds of adverbs:
1. Simple.
2. Interrogative.
3. Relative.

1. Simple Adverbs
A simple adverb is used merely to qualify the meaning of a word to which
it is attached.
He came quickly.
Do it well.
a. Quality or manner : He did his work slowly.
b. Quantity or degree : He is very clever.
c. Number : He seldom failed. He always went.
d. Time : We will soon come.
e. Place : We must rest here.
f. Affirming : He will certainly
: He did not come.

2. Interrogative Adverbs
The interrogative adverbs are those which are used for asking questions.
a. Quality or manner : How did he do this?
b. Quantity or degree : How far is this report true?
c. Number : How many persons came?
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 d. Time : When did he come?
e. Place : Where did he go?
f. Cause : Why did he say this?

3. Relative Adverbs
A relative adverb not only qualifies any part of speech except a noun
or pronoun but also connects sentences.
As, how, then, when, where, while, why, whereas, whereby.

a. I do not know where she was born. I do not know. She was born somewhere).
b. This is the place where he died. (This is the place. He died here).

EXERCISE FOR PRACTISE

EXERCISE # 1.
Pick out the nouns from the following sentences:
1. Zil is my brother.
2. Desks are made of wood.
3. Give me the pen. I come from Lahore.
4. Cows give milk.
5. The boys play games.
6. The men swan in the canal.
7. Gold is a costly metal.
8. The teacher is teaching the class.
9. Tahir is afraid of his anger.
10. I come from Lahore.

EXERCISE # 2.
Pick out the adjectives from the following sentences:
1. I have a black cat.
2. He has a big ball.
3. The old horse has a white tail.
4. This cow has short horns.
5. The sick boy drank the hot milk.
6. That tall boy has long legs.
7. I have two pens.
8. My pen is red in colour.
9. Your son is a lazy boy.
10. The thin boy is ill.

EXERCISE # 3.
Pick out the adverbs from the following sentences:
1. The boy laughed loudly.
2. The man walked slowly.
3. The bird sang softly.

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 4. The teacher has gone out.
5. He worked well.
6. She writes badly.
7. He stood behind the teacher.
8. The writer will come soon.
9. I do not know where he lives.
10. I do not know when he comes.

EXERCISE # 4.
Pick out the prepositions from the following sentences:
1. My book is on you desk.
2. The man is in the house.
3. My feet are under the table.
4. I come from Multan.
5. His brother played with me.
6. His shop is above the road.
7. The cow is near the gate.
8. I sent it to him.
9. They were looking for their book.
10. We ran after Rashid.

EXERCISE # 5.
Pick out the verbs from the following sentences:
1. The sun rises every morning.
2. I see a pen on the table.
3. You go to school every day.
4. Rashid came to my house.
5. The water is cold.
6. The hen laid an egg.
7. The man cut his finger.
8. She hurt her foot.
9. The woman lost her child.
10. We saw him count the money.

EXERCISE # 6.
Pick out the conjunctions from the following sentences:
1. He came as I went.
2. We went out for a walk and we met him.
3. Will you give me your pen if I give you my pencil?
4. The teacher was angry but the boy did not come.
5. He is both intelligent and diligent.
6. He neither comes, nor writes.
7. I will read the book if you advise me.
8. I cannot come because I am ill.
9. They were ill therefore they did not come.
10. Although he is old yet he can run fast.
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EXERCISE # 7.
Pick out interjections from the following sentences:
1. Alas! She has died.
2. Bravo! You have done well.
3. Oh! The poor boy has failed.
4. Hallo! Who speaks there?
5. Hurrah! We have won.
6. Well done! My dear boy.
7. Good bye! What have you done?
8. Good God! What have you done?
9. Pooh! The food is not so good.
10. Strange! You deceived your friend.

EXERCISE # 8.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. He was sure of his success. (dead, deadly)
2. I-------guessed the answer. (right, rightly)
3. Please, speak------- (clear, clearly)
4. The bell rung loud and--------. (clear, clearly)
5. He is-------asleep. (sound, soundly)
6. I will be here at 6 O’clock------- (sharp,sharply)
7. The window stood------- open. (wide, widely)
8. You are ------- in the wrong. (clear, clearly)
9. They have-------refused the offer. (right, rightly)
10. He is sleeping------- (sound, soundly)

EXERCISE # 9.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. He behaved-------(cowardly, like a coward)
2. He is very-------(coward, cowardly)
3. He lives-------(miserly, like a miser)
4. He is a-------fellow.(coward, cowardly)
5. He is very-------(miser, miserly)
6. He is a-------fellow. (miser, miserly)
7. He worked-------to pass the examination. (hardly, hard)
8. He enjoyed a-------sleep. (sound, soundly)
9. Buy cheap and sell------- (dear, dearly)
10. She loves her mother------- (dear, dearly)
11. The train goes there-------(direct, directly)
12. He looked-------at me. (direct, directly)

EXERCISE # 10.
Write appropriate adjective to qualify the given nouns.
Wise, wooden, swift, human, three, primary, woolen, legible, cook, straight, sharp,
beautiful, hot.
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 1. A---------day.
2. A---------picture.
3. A---------knife.
4. A---------breeze.
5. A---------coat.
6. A---------man.
7. A---------horse.
8. A---------chair.
9. A---------school.
10. A---------storeyed building.
11. A---------school
12. A---------line.
13. A --------- handwriting.

EXERCISE # 11.
Use the adverbs in bracket in their correct position.
Example. He comes here (often)
He often comes here.
1. Have you visited Lahore? (ever)
2. The farmer takes rest in the afternoon. (usually)
3. Our team has host a game. (never)
4. My father comes home late from office. (often)
5. Accidents are caused by carelessness. (usually)
6. I miss the news on television. (seldom)
7. He is quiet in his class. (rarely)
8. The police patrol the area. (frequently)
9. They are on time. (always)
10. We blame other. (forever)

EXERCISE # 12.
Fill in the blanks with correct words.
1. The air smells-------(sweet, sweetly)
2. Your story seems-------strange, strangely)
3. They sang-------(sweet, sweetly)
4. He is not feeling-------(good, well)
5. He is-------of his success. (sure, surely)
6. This syrup is too-------to drink. (sweet, sweetly)
7. I am not-------of you to help me. (sure, surely)
8. It is very-------of you to help me. (kind, kindly)
9. They found themselves in a-------land. (strange, strangely)
10. I am ------- going there today. (surely, sure)

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CHAPTER 2
EXERCISE IN PUNCTUATION
Punctuate the following.
EXERCISE 1
1. Khalid is our friend he comes to me daily
2. if you come to me I will help you
3. when he entered the room all stood up
4. do you get up early in the morning
5. why are you crying
6. may you live long
7. hurrah he has passed
8. alas he has failed
9. what a hot day it is
10. he said I am going

EXERCISE 2
1. we are student we go to college daily
2. as he is ill he comes here
3. sometimes he comes here
4. are you ill these days
5. where do you go daily
6. may god help you
7. hurrah my father has come
8. alas his brother has died
9. how cold it is today
10. you said I am going to Multan

EXERCISE 3.
1. Shahid is our class fellow he is very able he gets good marks.
2. like his father tipu was very brave
3. in the morning he comes to see me
4. have you any money with you
5. what will you do now
6. may you succeed in the examination
7. hurrah we have a holiday
8. alas I lost my pen
9. what great fool you are
10. she said I am going to Multan will you go to

EXERCISE 4.
all human beings are free to choose between right and wrong good and evil allah has
given man the freedom to choose the path he desires he has put forth before man good
and evil it is for man to choose the right path is leads to allah in our prayers five times a
day we Muslim pray to allah to show us the right path the path of those on whom he has
showered his blessings and not of those who aroused his anger.
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CHAPTER 3
THE USE OF ARTICLES
Insert suitable articles in the following sentences:
1. This is ---------------news to me.
2. This is ---------------book you gave us to read.
3. ---------------lion is ---------------king of beast.
4. Farooqi is ---------------honorable man.
5. Here is---------------umbrella.
6. Gold is---------------useful mineral.
7. Yesterday Ali saw---------------European in the bazaar.
8. ---------------Arabs conquered our country.
9. My elder brother is---------------L.L.B.
10. English is---------------language of the English.
11. Makkah is---------------Holy city of --------Muslim.
12. ---------------health of my mother is breaking down.
13. ------------harder you work-------------better it is.
14. We should help---------------poor.
15. -------bird in hand is worth two in-----------bush.
16. Fazal is not--------------University student.
17. Have you seen--------------one-eyed man?
18. This is---------------historical place.
19. Usama is---------------hero of---------------hour.
20. ---------------Ravi is in spate.
21. -------------Holy Quran is-------------sacred book.
22. Ceylon is-----------island which lies to-------------south of India.
23. Noor is-------------boy who ran after my lamp.
24. Asad is-------------old friend of mine.
25. An apple is smaller than---------------melon.
26. ----------Indus is----------largest river of Pakistan.
27. Honesty is---------------best policy.
28. ---------Himalayas are to---------north of Pakistan.
29. The teacher caught me by---------------ear.
30. ----------camel is----------ship of-----------desert.
31. Luqman bought---------------pair of shoes.
32. ----------word to----------wise is sufficient.
33. Agha Hashar is---------------Shakespeare of Pakistan.
34. Mishal is---------------taller of the two.
35. Umer has lost---------------pen which I brought yesterday.
36. This is---------------shortest way to my school.
37. Karachi is---------------biggest city in Pakistan.
38. Cloth is sold by---------------yard.
39. ---------------Hindus worship idols.
40. Do you like----------orange or-----------mango?
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 41. Tanveer is---------------unlucky fellow.
42. Many---------------man has died at sea.
43. ------------higher we go------------cooler it is.
44. Nadia is------------most brilliant girl in the class.
45. This is-------------old man.
46. Noman gave me------------one rupee note.
47. Noreen is------------tallest girl I have ever met.
48. The Rose is---------------beautiful flower.
49. His servant is---------------honest man.
50. Zulqurnain is---------------tallest boy in the class.

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT ARTICLE.

EXERCISE 1:
1. Tomorrow we will buy----------new car.
2. A camel has----------long neck.
3. This is----------honorary post.
4. The teacher gave him----------one rupee note.
5. He looks as stupid as----------owl.
6. Copper is----------useful metal.
7. ----------Hindus worship idols.
8. Arsalan is not----------college student.
9. ----------cow gives milk.
10. I have got----------headache.

EXERCISE 2:
1. The sun is----------big ball of fire.
2. ----------camel is----------useful animal.
3. We should read----------Holy Quran in the morning.
4. His servant is----------honest man.
5. The children put----------egg in the nest.
6. English is----------easy language.
7. They landed on----------moon last year.
8. Kamran is not----------tallest boy in the class
9. This is----------useful plan.
10. Safdar has lost----------few rupees he had.

EXERCISE 3:
1. We saw----------Elephant.
2. Khalid knows----------way.
3. Dry your clothes in----------sun.
4. This is----------best book.
5. A man was carrying ------ parcel which was full of meat.
6. Fahad is----------hard working boy.
7. ----------English are hard working.
8. ----------moon had not risen yet.
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 9. ----------message we received was incomplete.
10. All----------boys were present is the class.

EXERCISE 4:
Add A, An or The where necessary.
1. ----------dog is a faithful animal.
2. ----------man is mortal.
3. ----------Taj Mahal is a beautiful building.
4. ----------iron is metal.
5. ----------history is most interesting subject.
6. ----------rich should help the poor.
7. ----------umbrella is made of cloth.
8. ----------children love fruits.
9. ----------donkey is stupid animal.
10. All----------boys were present in the class.

EXERCISE 5:
Insert suitable articles.
1. Zeeshan saw a dog on the road.
2. Saqib Anjum has a book in his hand.
3. It is interesting book.
4. What fool you are!
5. Salman Adil must take care of your health.
6. Sun rises in the East.
7. It is a hopeless case.
8. The lion is king of beast.
9. Chenab flows near Multan.
10. How blue sky looks!

EXERCISE 6:
Add “a” or “an” where necessary.
1. ----------milk comes from cow.
2. ----------window is made of glass.
3. ----------chair is made of wood.
4. We can write----------letter on paper.
5. We sip soup with----------spoon.
6. I like----------jam on----------piece of bread.
7. Umer Jameel should write with----------pencil.
8. Abdullah should write in----------ink.
9. Here is----------pen, you should write in---------ink.
10. There is----------pencil and----------writing paper.

EXERCISE 7:
Add ”a” “an”, “some”, or “the” where necessary.
1. ----------children love----------fruit.
2. It is pleasant to read----------book in----------office.
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 3. Mujtaba wants----------glass of----------milk.
4. ----------luggage is on----------platform.
5. ----------donkeys are----------stupid animals.
6. Take----------umbrella with you to----------office.
7. Put----------butter on----------potatoes.
8. ----------tea is very hot; I must put----------milk in it.
9. There are----------beautiful flowers in----------park.
10. There is----------garden behind----------house.

EXERCISE 8:
Fill in the blanks with “a”, “an”, “the” & “some” where necessary.
1. Haider eats----------apple before----------meal.
2. Birds can fly very high in----------sky.
3. Take----------raincoat with you to----------school; it may rain.
4. I saw----------beautiful flower in----------garden.
5. ----------grocer near----------post office sells good pickles.
6. I want----------packet of matches, ----------sugar and ------cake of soap.
7. Clouds over----------Margala Hills are very dark.
8. They gave me----------wonderful----------flowers for my office.
9. ----------postman has just put----------letter under----------door.
10. ----------of----------apples he gave me were bad.

EXERCISE 9:
Re-write the following passage filling in the blanks with the suitable articles.
----------old man and----------young boy were walking in street of Kohat. ----------
old man was----------young boy’s father----------old man was riding----------horse.
----------horse was very weak and----------old man was not very happy about it. --
--------young boy also wanted to ride but----------old man was not willing to
allow him.

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CHAPTER 4

EXERCISES IN THE CORRECT USE OF TENSES

Put the verb in the correct form of the tense.

Exercise # 1: (Simple present: 1st form of verb)

1. I (believe) in one God.
2. Good children always (work) hard.
3. Taseer (not take) tea every morning.
4. The sun (set) at 7 O’ clock in summer.
5. Waqas (never move) in bad company.
6. We generally (speak) Urdu.
7. The sun (warm) the air in summer.
8. The sun (set) in the west.
9. Students (go) to school every day.
10. Iqrash (visit) our sister every week.

Exercise 2: (Present continuous tense: is, are, am + ing)

1. Jabran (come) to us tomorrow.
2. Now we (wait) at the bus stop for their bus.
3. These days my father (write) a book.
4. It (rain) now.
5. Mishal (learn) English at school.
6. The old woman (come) to us tomorrow.
7. Today, Farooqui (go) there for the second time.
8. Rijja (come) here on Thursday.
9. Uneeb (study) for an examination now.
10. On the way, I generally meet children who (go) to school.

Exercise 3: (Present Perfect Tense: have, has + 3rd form)

1. Noman Saeed already (post) the letter.
2. Shah Zeb just (telephone) me.
3. Hina (not write) this letter yet.
4. Saima (live) here for two.
5. Zia-ur-Rehman (not see) you since Friday.
6. Ashfaque not yet (complete) his work.
7. Khalid already (take) two cups of tea.
8. They not yet (study) this book.
9. Omer Habib never (fly) in an aero plane.
10. Hayat (be) manager there for ten years.

Exercise 4: (Present Perfect Continuous: Have, has been + ing)

1. Ramna (sleep) since morning.
2. They (sit) here for nearly one hour.
3. Aleena (stand) here in the rain for half an hour.
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 4. Fatima Inam (write) letters all the morning.
5. Rabia (look for) her pen all day.
6. You (wait) here since four O’ clock.
7. We (learn) English for four years.
8. Madiha (take a rest) for two hours.
9. Bano (talk) about her sweater for the last half an hour.
10. Sereena (prepare) for the examination for the last six months.

Exercise 5: (Past Indefinite Tense: 2nd form of verb)

1. Auon (not spend) holidays in Murree last year.
2. Noman Nawaz (come) here to see you.
3. You (go) out, the sun was shining.
4. When I (go) out, the sun was shining.
5. Rijja was still sleeping when I (arrive) at her home.
6. While I was having tea, the light (go out).
7. Nusrat (wash) the floor ten minutes ago.
8. Naveed (not play) football some days ago.
9. Ihsan was writing when you (come) in.
10. Ikram (work) all day yesterday.

Exercise 6: (Past Continuous Tense: was, were + ing)

1. When I saw Ahmed, he (go) to station.
2. When they entered the room, you (write) a letter.
3. The light went out when Fatima (have) tea.
4. When you were writing a letter, I (read) a book.
5. When the phone rang, Yahya (have) a bath.
6. Before you came, we (talk) about the film.
7. We just (start) dinner, when our father came home.
8. While Nazia (pluck) flowers, the gardener came.
9. Tayyaba (try) to study when her brother called her.
10. While Javaria was sleeping, I (cook) the dinner.

Exercise 7: (Past Perfect Tense: Had + 3rd form)

1. Before the doctor came, the patient (die).
2. She told me her name after he (leave).
3. Atif sat down to rest after he (go).
4. I went to see him after I (hear) the news.
5. Before the sun set, we (reach) our destination.
6. Before the end of the month, he (spend) all his money.
7. In two days time, the tourists (visit) the lake.
8. By 12 O’ clock at night, Fazal (finish) the work.
9. A few days before, they (meet) us.
10. When we arrived, the dinner already (begin).

Exercise 8: (Future Indefinite Tense: Shall, will + Ist form)

1. Safi (pay) you as soon as he gets the money.
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 2. You (receive) your gift on Friday next.
3. When I have time, I (come) to see you.
4. When I leave Multan, I (write) to you.
5. As soon as Husnain is ready, we (go).
6. These brave men (fight) until they die.
7. If it is washed, the shirt (loss) its colour.
8. They (leave) for Quetta tomorrow.
9. Haseeb (visit) that place next week.
10. They (reach) the station before the train starts.

Exercise 9: (Future Perfect Tense)

1. By the end of this year, we (learn) English.
2. By two O’ clock, he (reach) here.
3. By next week, Fawad (sell) his house.
4. Before you go to see her, she (go).
5. Before you leave, we (finish) this work.
6. When you come back, he already (take) his examination.
7. If we do not get at the station in time, the train (go).
8. I hope it (stop) raining by three O’ clock.
9. I hope you (not forget) all this by tomorrow.
10. By next May, Talha (write) this book.

Exercise 10: (Three types of conditional tenses)

1. If Aizaz (come), I will help him.
2. If Aizaz (come), I would have helped him.
3. If you work hard, you (pass).
4. If you had worked hard, you (pass).
5. If it (rain) in time, the crops will grow well.
6. If it (rain) in time, the crops would have grown well.
7. There would have been no life, if there (be) no sun.
8. I would have bought a car if I (have) money.
9. Ghayyur will come there if I (be) not busy.
10. If you were not with them, I (be) your friend.

Exercise 11: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Before you came, we (talk) about the film.
2. In two days time, the tourists (visit) all the places.
3. A few days before, they (meet) us.
4. Ayub (pay) you as soon as he gets his money.
5. Before you leave, we (finish) this work.
6. We (go) to college everyday.
7. Fariha (learn) English at present.
8. He not yet (complete) his work.
9. We (learn) English for four years.
10. Shoaib (go) to see him last night.

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Exercise 12: (Mixed Tenses)
1. When the phone rang, Rizwan (have) a bath.
2. I went to see Imran after I (hear) the news.
3. When I have Muree, I (write) to you.
4. By next May, Waqar (write) this book.
5. The sun (warm) the air in summer.
6. We generally (speak) Urdu.
7. Fehan (study) for an examination now.
8. Naveed not yet (study) this book.
9. Affan (sit) here for nearly and hour.
10. When I (go) out, the sun was shining.

Exercise 13: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Before you go to see her, she (go)
2. These brave men (fight) until they die.
3. If you work hard, you (pass).
4. When we entered the room, you (write) a letter.
5. The maid servant (wash) the floor ten minutes ago.
6. Khalida (prepare) for the examination for the last six month.
7. I never (fly) in an aero plane.
8. Mubashir (come) here on Sunday.
9. Today, I (go) there for the second time.
10. We (get up) at 7 O’ clock in winter.

Exercise 14: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Jeewan Khan (begin) his business some years ago.
2. Who (knock) at the door now?
3. We usually (get) books on Grammar.
4. If you had come, I (help) you.
5. Soon he (come) and meet you.
6. By next week, they (forget) their promise.
7. We (eat) sweets when she dropped in.
8. Before we reached there, Huzaifa (catch) two fish.
9. She already (choose) the profession for her son.
10. The laborers (dig) this place for two years.

Exercise 15: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Do you (know) the name of his father?
2. Now a days, he (lead) a good life.
3. By next year, we (pass) this examination.
4. It is likely that Ramish (win) the race.
5. If Irfan sang a song, you (win) the prize.
6. Would that I (be) a great scholar.
7. We (hang) this clock on the wall yesterday.
8. Before you came, we (discuss) this matter.
9. Let us see if the hen (lay) the egg.
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 10. Shah Zeb (be) here for two hours.

Exercise 16: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Some birds (not build) nests.
2. When Ansab last (see) him, he was living in Lahore.
3. The sun (set) before Farah was ready to go.
4. I never (forget) what you have just told me.
5. She (be) ill for a week when we met her.
6. The kettle (boil) now, should I make the tea?
7. Hamza (sing) for two hours now.
8. In 2004, I (be) 25 years.
9. When Usama met him, he (go) downstairs.
10. She (have) more sense, if she was older.

Exercise 17: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Mehboob usually drinks coffee but today he (drink) tea.
2. The last train (leave) for Lahore at 11.30.
3. Noman (swim) in the canal for two hours.
4. I left home at 6 and (get) here at 12.
5. They would do it if they (can).
6. She (take) her meal when her friends arrived last night.
7. We (spend) all our money by the end of the holiday.
8. She just (come) in and see you in five minutes.
9. I wish I (get) the first prize.
10. I will wait here until you (write) the letter.

Exercise 18: (Mixed Tenses)

1. The train (leave) before we reach the station.
2. Unless he runs fast, he (not catch) the train.
3. He (break) his leg in an accident last year.
4. When we reached there, she (get) ready to go.
5. She (take) exercise all this morning.
6. Safdar (wear) a hat today because the sun is very hot.
7. Sharjeel wept as if he (be) in great pain.
8. Let us close the door before the train (start).
9. Show it to me as soon as you (unpack) it.
10. If the dinner is not ready, I (go) without it.

Exercise 19: (Mixed Tenses)

1. No sooner did we reach there than the train (start).
2. Let us close the door before the train (start).
3. He said that no further news (be) received.
4. Wajahat does nothing but (play).
5. He wept as if he (be) in great pain.
6. Shaheer (be) ill for a week.
7. She (be) ill for a week when we met her.
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 8. She learnt that he (go) from there the previous day.
9. Unless you (work) hard, you cannot pass.
10. I wish I (be) a great scholar.

Exercise 20: (Mixed Tenses)

1. After they had gone, I (sit) down and rested.
2. When I last (see) him, he lived in Lahore.
3. He had not arrived when I (write) my last letter to you.
4. I will never forget what you just (tell) me.
5. Uzair (walk) very quickly when I met him yesterday.
6. She (play) the piano when our guest arrived last night.
7. Sakeena just (come) in and see you in five minutes.
8. I (lose) my keys but cannot remember, where I last saw them.
9. Mohsin said he (be) sorry he gave me so much trouble.
10. The sun (set) before I was ready to go.

Exercise 21: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Mohsin always (buy) lottery tickets but he never win anything.
2. Cuckoos (not build) nests.
3. He usually drinks coffee but today he (drink) tea.
4. The last train (leave) the station at 11:30.
5. I (wear) a hat today because the sun is very hot.
6. The kettle (boil) now. Should I make the tea?
7. You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now?
8. Do you like this necklace? I (give) it to my daughter on her birthday.
9. You cannot see Inayat now; he (have) a bath.
10. This car (make) a very strange noise. Do you think it is all right?

Exercise 22: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Rifaqat (not smoke) for two weeks; he is trying to give it up.
2. You (lock) the door before you left the house.
3. I can’t go out because I (not finish) my work.
4. I (write) the letter but I can’t find a stamp.
5. I (leave) home at 8 and (get) here at 12.
6. I (go) this sort of work when I (be) in the army.
7. Hasham just (go) out.
8. I (meet) her last October.
9. You cannot see Inayat now; he (have) a bath.
10. This car (make) a very strange noise. Do you think it is all right?

Exercise 23: (Mixed Tenses)

1. Zaineb told me his name after he (leave).
2. Izhar (do) nothing before he saw me.
3. My friend enjoyed his food as soon as he (taste) it.
4. I (be) sorry that I had hurt him.
5. After they had gone, I (sit) down and (rest).
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 6. Did you post the letter after you (write) it?
7. As soon as you (go), I wanted to see you again.
8. They dressed after they (wash).
9. She told me her name after I (ask) her twice.
10. When we arrived, the dinner already (begin).

Exercise 24: (Mixed Tenses)

1. They dressed after they (wash).
2. She told me her name after I (ask) her twice.
3. When we arrived, the dinner already (begin).
4. Sara (go) away every week-end.
5. He (write) a lot of letters yesterday.
6. No, he isn’t here; he just (go) out.
7. I (be) sorry that I had hurt him.
8. After they had gone, I (sit) down and (rest).
9. Did you post the letter after you (write) it?
10. As soon as you (go), I wanted to see you again.

Exercise 25: (Mixed Tenses)

1. My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend.
2. We (not live) in Pakistan for the last two years.
3. I (lose) my keys; and cannot remember where I last (see) them
4. We (go) to the theater last night.
5. Akhtar Nawaz usually (write) in green ink.
6. She (sing) when her friends (arrive) last night.
7. Saima just (come) in and (see) you in five minutes.
8. I (finish) the book before my next birthday.
9. He (walk) very quickly when I (meet) him.
10. I (study) English for six years now.
11. I (come) as soon as some work is finished.
12. Where you (go) for your holidays that year?
13. He (not arrive) when I wrote my last letter to you.
14. Whenever he (go) to town now a days, he (spend) a lot of money.
15. I never (forget) what you just (tell) me.

Exercise 26: (Mixed Tenses)

Use of Future, Present or Present Perfect Tense. The Future Tenses not used
in time clause, the Present Tense of Present Perfect Tense is used instead.
1. When he (return), I will give him the keys.
2. He’ll be ready as soon as you (be).
3. I’ll stay in bed till the clock (strike) seven.
4. Stay here till the lights (turn) green.
5. He (be) here before you go.
6. When we (take) our examination, we’ll have a holiday.
7. When I (finish) the book, I’ll lend it to you.
8. I’ll bolt all the doors before I (go) to bed.
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 9. As soon as I hear from him, I (let) you know.
10. These gates will remain shut until the train (cross).

Exercise 27: (Mixed Tenses)

1. If my car (not break) down, I should have caught the train.
2. If she were older, she (have) more sense.
3. If the children (be) good, they can stay up late.
4. They would do it if they (can)
5. If the dinner is not ready, I (go) without it.
6. If you wrote the letter, you (understand) it.
7. If they had waited, they (find) me.
8. I should have come yesterday if I (have) nothing to do.
9. You will be ill if you (eat) so much.
10. I (go) if I had known.

Exercise 28: (Hint, After the Prepositions, ing, form of verb is used)
1. He is afraid of (get) late.
2. She is not interested in (make) a lot of money.
3. They insisted on (paint) the wall green.
4. In spite of (be) rich, he spends very little.
5. I am against (wait) for a bus.
6. He was prevented from (meet) her.
7. Shahid succeeded in (get) a good Job.
8. He prefers walking to (bicycle).
9. He will get into trouble for (break) the window.
10. I had the difficulty in (find) the house.

Exercise 29: (Hints)

a. After the following expression, ing- form of verb is used: Look forward
to, with a view to, feel like, no use,
b. After the following verbs ing-form of verb is used:
Admit, deny, avoid, enjoy, cannot help, and keep.

1. We are looking forward to (meet) him soon.

2. With a view to (thank) him, we went there.
3. I feel like (go) for a walk.
4. It is use (buy) this book.
5. He admitted (steal) the books.
6. He denied (steal) the books.
7. We should avoid (travel) over night.
8. Do you really enjoy (write) letters?
9. We could not help (feel) sad for the poor man.
10. She keeps (forget) to switch the lights off.

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Exercise 30: (Hints)
a. After the possessive Adjectives (my, our, your, her, its, their ing-
form of verb is used.
b. After some expression and verbs (had better, need not, let, make,
would rather, bid dare infinitive without to (1st form of verb) is used.
c. After some expression (wish, as if, if only, would that) usually past
perfect tense (had+3rd form of the verb) is used.

1. I dislike her (talk) like that.

2. Surely, he will not mind my (go) there.
3. You had better (consult) your doctor.
4. He dare not (speak) against me.
5. Do not let him (enter) the room.
6. You need not (bother) to say thank you.
7. His funny remarks made the audience (laugh).
8. I would rather not (die) than beg.
9. You bade your servant (leave) the room at once.
10. I wish I (be) a great scholar!
11. He cried as if he (see) a ghost.
12. He cried as if he (be) mad.
13. If only I (not go) there.
14. Would that he (come) to our help.
15. You wished you (not do) that.

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CHAPTER 5
USE OF PREPOSITIONS
EXERCISE 1
1. I go-----------college everyday.
2. My sister stays-----------home.
3. The train arrivedMultan ............6 p.m.
4. Meet me-----------noon on Thursday.
5. I haven’t seen you-----------a week.
6. I have been away-----------Saturday.
7. Hamlet was written-----------Shakespeare.
8. I was born-----------Lahore, but now live------D.G. Khan.
9. Cats like to sit-----------the roof.
10. Write----------- a pencil.

EXERCISE 2
1. They went home-----------foot.
2. Write-----------a pencil.
3. Get into the bus here, and get out-----------the third stop.
4. There are many bridges-----------the river Indus.
5. I bought this hat-----------ten rupees.
6. The train leaves here-----------Lahore at midnight.
7. A man -----------red beard went into our house just now.
8. What are you talking-----------?
9. This is a secret-----------you and me.
10. Wait for me, don’t go-----------me.

EXERCISE 3
1. The teacher sits-----------a desk in the class.-----------him is a black
board.
2. He walked to the door, but fell-----------a chair.
3. She sat-----------her aunt and uncle.
4. We walked the hill-----------the wood.
5. I looked-----------the window at the busy place.
6. Go by this street, turn right-----------the post office.
7. Count-----------one to ten on your fingers.g
8. It is best to draw lines-----------a ruler.
9. Can you push it-----------the key hole?

EXERCISE 4
1. All of us must abide-----------the laws of our country.
2. We do not agree-----------your proposal.
3. Do not boast-----------your health.
4. He came to condole-----------me on my father’s death.
5. I differ-----------you in this matter.
6. I am glad-----------your success.
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 7. No government is hostile-----------social reforms.
8. Sajid is insensible-----------danger.
9. He is proficient-----------Mathematics.
10. Meet me-----------noon on Thursday.

EXERCISE 5
1. He was absorbed-----------his studies.
2. They were alarmed-----------the news of his death.
3. I never applied-----------leave.
4. You are blind-----------your shortcomings.
5. The climate of Murree is conducive-----------health.
6. Dogs differ-----------cats in their habits.
7. I shall be glad-----------your company.
8. He is ignorant-----------his weakness.
9. She insisted-----------my going there.
10. I shall not object-----------your proposal.

EXERCISE 6
1. You should abstain-----------smoking.
2. This passage alludes-----------the Pakistan Resolution.
3. The scheme was approved-----------by him.
4. I bought this book-----------Mr. Mumtaz.
5. We are confident-----------his failure.
6. Let us enquire-----------his health.
7. He is good-----------English.
8. He was ill-----------fever.
9. He invested his money-----------a sugar mill.
10. I was very much opposed-----------your going abroad.

EXERCISE 7
1. She was accused-----------theft.
2. My teacher was angry-----------my behavior.
3. We assure you-----------our co-operation.
4. She was charged-----------murder.
5. I congratulate you-----------your success.
6. He is not entitled-----------vote.
7. He always grumbles-----------his lot.
8. I impressed-----------him the advantages of going there.
9. Do not be jealous-----------other.
10. I am not ready to part-----------this book.

EXERCISE 8
1. My illness adds-----------his worries.
2. I am angry-----------you for not doing this.
3. I am astonished-----------his ignorance.
4. Compare Zahid-----------Mansoor.
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 5. The class consists-----------sixty boys.
6. This amount is equal-----------that.
7. I am inclined-----------help Rahmani.
8. We should not jeer-----------the poor.
9. Be patient-----------your enemies.
10. Guard yourself-----------your enemies.

EXERCISE 9
1. This amount is not adequate-----------our need.
2. You will have to answer-----------your mistakes.
3. He availed himself-----------the opportunity.
4. He competed-----------me for prize.
5. The liberty of a country consists-----------the freedom of its citizen.
6. These facts are familiar-----------me.
7. Can you guess-----------his tricks?
8. I am indebted-----------you for your timely help.
9. Regular hard work is key-----------success.
10. He persists-----------his view.

EXERCISE 10
1. We agree-----------you in this matter.
2. He appealed-----------me for mercy.
3. He is blind-----------one eye.
4. He did not comply-----------my wishes.
5. He was cured-----------malaria.
6. Please forgive him-----------what he has done.
7. He hinted-----------something remarkable.
8. Smoking is injurious-----------health.
9. You are no match-----------him.
10. He has presided-----------the meeting.

EXERCISE 11
1. His dealings are-----------board.
2. You can rely-----------me in this matter.
3. Your pen is similar-----------mine.
4. This book may be useful-----------you.
5. I reminded him-----------his promise.
6. We should not sneer-----------religion.
7. She is vain-----------her beauty.
8. I take pride-----------my ability.
9. I prevailed-----------him to help me.
10. He repented-----------his past conduct.

EXERCISE 12
1. Do not stare-----------girls in their faces.
2. He fell a victim-----------disease.
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 3. He is quick-----------English.
4. What do you require-----------me?
5. He stooped-----------begging and stealing.
6. I am vexed-----------him.
7. You are answerable------- my questions.
8. We are responsible-----------God for our actions.
9. The speech was suited-----------the occasion.
10. He is vexed-----------my silence.

EXERCISE 13
1. Do not hit-----------the belt.
2. You are responsible-----------this delay.
3. He has no taste-----------music.
4. We are waiting-----------you.
5. You should reconcile-----------your fate.
6. I revenged myself-----------my enemy.
7. I am tired-----------life.
8. Your servant will wait-----------you.
9. Regardless-----------consequences, he resigned his post.
10. I rewarded him-----------a golden watch.

EXERCISE14
1. He was tired-----------the day’s work.
2. You are to watch-----------the field.
3. He rejoiced-----------my success.
4. Everybody seeks-----------happiness.
5. The doctor treated him-----------malaria.
6. We will not yield-----------circumstances.
7. He rejoiced-----------his own success.
8. I will side-----------you in every matter.
9. Trust-----------God and do the right.
10. She is very popular-----------her students.

EXERCISE 15
1. His brother is senior-----------me in year.
2. I am fully confident-----------success.
3. Students violating the rules are liable-----------fine.
4. He chose cricket in preference-----------football.
5. Ahmed called-----------my house last evening.
6. He remained deaf-----------my advice.
7. This necklace is different-----------yours.
8. You should not be jealous-----------your brother’s success.
9. I have put-----------much hard work this year.
10. A warm reception was accorded-----------the president.

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EXERCISE 16
1. He will start-----------six’ O clock in the morning.
2. I will be ready to start-----------two or three hours.
3. I heartily congratulate you-----------your success.
4. This tea is exactly------- my taste.
5. I have again caught you-----------your old tricks.
6. He speaks evil-----------other men-----------their backs.
7. He is known-----------me.
8. He is blind-----------his faults.
9. He is not pleased-----------your work.
10. Send this letter-----------my address.

EXERCISE 17
1. He is traveling-----------road.
2. I am very thankful-----------you.
3. The princess was married-----------the hero.
4. He jumped-----------the river.
5. I saw him-----------the way.
6. I shall explain this-----------you.
7. Hold the paper up-----------the light.
8. He is like a brother-----------me.
9. Make this note-----------the margin.
10. The examination begins-----------Monday.

EXERCISE18
1. Ismail will say it-----------his face.
2. This is correct-----------the best of my knowledge.
3. I will not be back-----------midnight.
4. I received a cheque----------- thousand rupees.
5. The widow was dressed-----------black.
6. You must take these facts-----------consideration.
7. Our teacher is-----------this committee.
8. I allocate this duty-----------him.
9. Do not build castle-----------the air.
10. He will surely side-----------you.

EXERCISE19
1. Qaseem is opposed-----------your plan.
2. He is proficient-----------English.
3. This road leads-----------Lahore.
4. We have respect-----------our great leaders.
5. We tried to tide-----------our difficulties.
6. The crops failed-----------want of water.
7. The brave never yield-----------their enemy.
8. We are proud-----------his friendship.
9. We cannot rely-----------them as they are dishonest.
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 10. Nyla takes-----------her mother.

EXERCISE20
1. They have run out-----------paper.
2. We do not work-----------holidays.
3. I wash my hands-----------soap and water.
4. Many thanks-----------your invitation.
5. Have you been waiting long-----------me?
6. I shall do it-----------pleasure.
7. I met him-----------chance.
8. She has a great command-----------English.
9. He lies-----------bad all the day long.
10. Afghanistan lies-----------the west of Pakistan.

EXERCISE 21
1. He has been absent-----------three days.
2. The nurse is looking-----------the patient.
3. I am suffering-----------fever.
4. The college is closed-----------Sunday.
5. I have no objection-----------the proposal.
6. He received me-----------the gate.
7. I accept full responsibility-----------the consequences.
8. No one is-----------the law.
9. He is not happy-----------me.
10. Necessity is the mother-----------invention.

EXERCISE22
1. I was late-----------office today.
2. Act-----------your teacher’s advice.
3. He attends-----------his duties very diligently.
4. She was fond-----------playing tricks.
5. They could not agree-----------any names.
6. He reminds me-----------an old friend.
7. I took him-----------his word.
8. The bereaved father was overwhelmed---------grief.
9. You cannot be sure-----------success.
10. He is-----------school.

EXERCISE23
1. The thief broke-----------the house.
2. The Indians plotted-----------the Kashmiries.
3. The brave men never haunted-----------danger.
4. His illness accounts-----------absence.
5. Put it-----------your pocket.
6. He stood first-----------the face of difficulties.
7. Your statement is not based-----------facts.
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 8. Fresh air is conductive-----------health.
9. Dirty places are infested-----------grams.
10. I was annoyed-----------his remarks.

EXERCISE 24
1. He is addicted-----------smoking.
2. She succeeded-----------convincing me.
3. Beware-----------pick pockets.
4. I am desirous-----------going to Makkah.
5. We should abstain-----------telling a lie.
6. We should listen-----------our teacher attentively.
7. I am hopeful-----------my success.
8. Please, send-----------the police.
9. I am sick-----------his habits.
10. I am disgusted-----------her.

EXERCISE 25
1. You are-----------liberty to choose your profession.
2. He is not mature enough-----------handle this case.
3. The principal is looking-----------the matter.
4. His father has set-----------a new business.
5. She is too clever-----------be deceived.
6. You are not mindful-----------your duty.
7. He is not good-----------playing a flute.
8. She insisted-----------going to the picnic.
9. This policy is offensive-----------me.
10. We should give money-----------the needy.

EXERCISE 26
1. She will soon get-----------her grief.
2. Do not look down-----------the poor.
3. The murderer was sentence-----------death.
4. Our teacher is very keen-----------punctuality.
5. Send this letter-----------my home address.
6. I was annoyed-----------his remarks.
7. He begged-----------his friends to help him.
8. Look-----------you leap.
9. He is not good-----------making a speech.
10. He turned-----------my request.

EXERCISE 27
1. You will have to account-----------your deeds.
2. Water consists-----------hydrogen and oxygen.
3. He has disposed-----------his property.
4. Do not fuss-----------petty things.
5. I could not refrain myself-----------weeping.
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 6. I am very much tired-----------his attitude.
7. Why is he blind-----------reason?
8. A pupil should be obedient-----------his teachers.
9. She was brought-----------by her uncle.
10. The police tried to go-----------all aspects of the case.

EXERCISE28
1. I will not object-----------what you do.
2. He is-----------home in English.
3. I have no money-----------me.
4. He died-----------an accident.
5. He got-----------debt.
6. She is ready to sit-----------the examination.
7. Keep-----------bad company.
8. Please, call-----------a doctor.
9. He did not carry-----------my orders.
10. My house is adjacent-----------the mosque.

EXERCISE 29
1. He is amateur-----------singing.
2. You should refrain-----------criticizing others.
3. He was excused-----------attending the classes.
4. Do not boast-----------your health.
5. I feel sorry-----------the poor.
6. Beware-----------pick-pockets.
7. I shall not agree-----------his proposal.
8. The accused was released-----------bail.
9. His scheme failed-----------want of money.
10. I was sitting-----------him.

EXERCISE 30
1. He is lame-----------one leg.
2. You should avail yourself-----------this chance.
3. I am fond-----------reading science fiction.
4. He died-----------cholera.
5. They went home----------- foot.
6. This house is-----------fire.
7. Don’t blame him-----------the accident.
8. Do you deal-----------rice?
9. I have applied-----------the post
10. He lives-----------stone’s throws of here.

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CHAPTER 6
CHANGE OF VOICE
Change of Voice of the Verb in the following sentences.
1. All the students like him.
2. Mr. Agha Hussain taught us for many years.
3. A dog has bitten the boy.
4. She eats mangoes.
5. Saeed made a century.
6. They do not help us.
7. Do you like mangoes?
8. He has sold his horse.
9. I lent him my camera.
10. Why does he make a noise?
11. The policeman took the thief to the railway station.
12. Who stole your pen?
13. What did you say to your sister?
14. He gave her a pen.
15. They are playing a cricket match.
16. I shall invite him to dinner.
17. Will you light the lamp?
18. The teacher was teaching us a new lesson.
19. He will not do it carefully.
20. Do you waste your time?
21. The servant is lighting the fire.
22. Help me in this matter.
23. Did he ring the bell?
24. Was he driving a car?
25. Who winds the watch?
26. Let them play hockey.
27. Shah Khalid was welcomed by the people of Pakistan.
28. Why did you not return my camera?
29. Do you tell a lie?
30. The dogs look after the house.
31. I do not abuse him.
32. Iron my coat please.
33. By whom were you taught English?
34. He can not solve this sum.
35. Does he say his prayer regularly?
36. The clock has struck five.
37. The crew set the ship on fire.
38. Lend me you camera.
39. Why do you laugh at him?
40. He married a poor girl.
41. I help her.
42. The policeman was running after the thief.
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43. Mr. Dilshad taught us Persian.
44. He will not take the examination.
45. The fox invite the Crane to dinner.
46. I shall not light the lamp.
47. Did you turn on the tap?
48. Do not waste my time.
49. She is laughing at me.
50. We shall not play the match.
51. They will have mocked at us.
52. I picked my flowers.
53. Mr. Iqbal teaches us English.
54. They will be playing the match against the officer club.
55. I send her an urgent telegram.
56. The Magistrate will not dismiss this case.
57. Did you buy a second class ticket?
58. I will not wind the clock.
59. I am taking tea.
60. He has been dismissed by me.
61. I shall not tell a lie.
62. This poem is being learnt by heart by her.
63. We like fried egg those days.
64. He will be sentenced to death by the Session Judge.
65. The strange hen laid a golden egg every day.
66. She has been fined by the Headmistress.
67. They are playing a match today.
68. A shirt has been sewn by her in two hours.
69. Your dog bit me when I was chasing that boy.
70. They will surely help us.
71. Who laugh at me?
72. Who will teach us?
73. Did you laugh at the poor?
74. All his pupils like map.
75. You can see the map.
76. Razia will draw a picture.
77. I know this sum.
78. Shut the window.
79. Why does he make a noise?
80. How did he solve the sum?
81. When does he ring the bell?
82. Where do they play the games?
83. Why do you not learn your lesson?
84. Flowers are picked by us.
85. Let the letter be written by him.
86. He was arrested by the police.
87. The crops were damaged by the flood.
88. The bell will be rung by the peon.
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 89. This work will not be done by him.
90. The song is being sung by the girls.
91. All the mangoes have been sold by him.
92. The lion has been killed by the hunter.
93. Will my shoes be mended by the cobbler?
94. He was given a prize by the Deputy Commissioner.
95. My coat is being pressed by my sister.
96. He was selected by the principal for appointment as a teacher
97. The cow was stolen by him.
98. The train was stopped by us near the canal bridge.
99. She had been divorced by her husband.
100. Why were they punished by the teacher?

Change the Voice of the following sentences:

EXERCISE 1
1. We invited him to the party.
2. He did not write this essay.
3. People love sincere leaders.
4. He helped me.
5. His parents love him.
6. No one likes a liar.
7. The principal told him to mend him his ways.
8. The government is imposing many new taxes.
9. We will never let you down.
10. The gardener is watering the plants.
11. We trusted him.
12. His officer suspended him for two months.
13. Nobody can prevent us from going there.
14. He is not following your instructions.
15. They did us a great wrong.

EXERCISE 2
1. I shall pay my bill tomorrow.
2. Not a word was said by me.
3. The teacher advised the boys to work hard.
4. Is he known to you?
5. Let him be helped by us with money.
6. Did you watch his movements there?
7. Is he doing his duty?
8. Their habits are considered undesirable by the people.
9. He was kept waiting by you for hours.
10. Let us read the book again.

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EXERCISE 3
1. I shall never forget his kind help.
2. Did he choose good books?
3. He was driving the car very fast.
4. Why were you called by him in his office?
5. Are you satisfied with his work?
6. His behavior at that time surprised me.
7. The bell was not rung by the peon in time.
8. They have hanged the murderer.
9. Do not disobey your parents.
10. The teacher praises me for my good work.

EXERCISE 4
1. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
2. A fair face may hide a foul heart.
3. Little drops make an ocean.
4. An old dog will learn no new tricks.
5. Death keeps no calendar.
6. Beauty needs no ornament.
7. Slow and steady wins the race.
8. Love conquers all.
9. Hunger makes coarse meals tasty.
10. Who will bell the cat?
11. Do no cast pearls before a swine.
12. An empty vessel makes much sound.
13. A blind man’s wife needs no paint.
14. Cut your coat according to your cloth.
15. In a corrupt society a silver key can open every door.

EXERCISE5
1. Work brings happiness to workers.
2. They showed us wonderful things at the stall.
3. Can you speak English fluently?
4. The poem was not learnt well by the boys.
5. Do you offer your prayers regularly?
6. The farmers were ploughing the field in the morning.
7. How did you lose the book?
8. The rains have damaged the house under construction.
9. Please do not laugh at the poor.
10. I shall assist you in the work.

EXERCISE6
1. People must not take these books away.
2. The crocodile carried the monkey on its back.
3. The maps are being drawn by the student.
4. Shut your book.
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 5. Call in the doctor.
6. I cannot teach you today.
7. Is he flying a kite?
8. Nawaz was being pulled by his father.
9. It dives out a hooting whistle.

EXERCISE7
1. My younger brother often breaks my pens.
2. The map was not drawn by him neatly.
3. Are you not telling a lie?
4. I have forgotten his name.
5. Your conduct does not please me.
6. Aren’t these books liked by you?
7. You cannot succeed without hard work.
8. You will be punished by the teacher today for being late.
9. When did you finish the work?
10. Let not the poor guests be treated coldly.

EXERCISE 8
1. Has any one repaired the telephone yet?
2. No one ever does anything in this office.
3. The doctor has just operated upon him at the hospital.
4. He says his prayers five times a day.
5. We should not do anything foolish.
6. Have they sold this house?ll
7. I have fought a good fight.
8. Serve and obey your elders.
9. Our team, scored two goals in fifteen minutes.
10. The student will pass the examination.

EXERCISE9
1. All his friends laughed at him.
2. Someone has picked my pocket.
3. Ali told me to leave the room.
4. Zulqurnain bought a baby doll.
5. No one has told me what to do.
6. We should love our country.
7. She gave my sister an album.
8. Your gift pleases me.
9. Someone stole my car last night.
10. I forgave him his fault.

EXERCISE10
1. Wealth generally makes people proud.
2. Have you forgotten the poem?

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 3. The poor guests were not treated well by the rich proud man.
4. He takes tea at 4: 00 P.M.
5. What are you doing at this time?
6. You will be requested by the Secretary to make a speech.
7. Do you now realize your mistake?
8. Let not the dog be kept hungry.
9. The thieves could not be caught by the police.
10. When will you return the book to the library?

EXERCISE11
1. Normally men-sweep this street every day, but nobody swept it last week.
2. We kill and injure many people on the roads every day, can’t we do
something about it.
3. They did not pay me for the work; they expected me to do it for nothing.
4. She did not introduce me to her mother.
5. The police should not allow people to park there.
6. We had to give the books back; they did not allow us to take them home.
7. Let the doctor be called in.
8. By whom is a noise made?
9. Duty should be done.
10. Waqas will be lent my watch by me.

EXERCISE12
1. They ran a race down the garden.
2. The British were defeated by the Sultan.
3. The crops were damaged by the floods.
4. Did she make a shirt yesterday?
5. The mali has grown beautiful flowers.
6. The chowkidar blew the whistle three times.
7. My friend will bring a camera for me from China.
8. We shall discuss the matter tomorrow.
9. Somebody has pushed the table into a corner.
10. They cut stones to fill their needs.
EXERCISE13
1. They are not inviting us.
2. Is Naveed writing the letter to his brother?
3. Ali did not say this.
4. They will not do it again.
5. My luggage was stolen by Shaur.
6. I was not told about it by anybody.
7. He had opened the door.
8. You will be writing a report.
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 9. They have been told the facts about the accident by their friends.
10. He lost his expensive clothes.

EXERCISE14
1. He writes a letter daily.
2. I suggested a new scheme.
3. They did not eat food.
4. I will lend you my pen.
5. I was not introduced by him to his father.
6. He was not allowed to go there by me.
7. We have to give the book to the librarian.
8. He ran a race daily.
9. He sent his servant to the village.
10. Our team did not score any goal.

EXERCISE15
1. They did not pay me for the work.
2. We had to give them some money.
3. I had already opened the door.
4. No one told him what to do.
5. Many villages were destroyed by the flood.
6. Has he been writing you letters?
7. We should do our duties.
8. Did they discuss the problem?
9. They had been cutting the stones.
10. He sent his brother Lahore.

EXERCISE16
1. Do you always take tea in the afternoon?
2. We were not eating food.
3. Has he been telling you a story?
4. I can throw the ball there.
5. Many people were attacked by the lion.
6. Both the teams were defeated very badly by us.
7. They were discussing the problem still.
8. My dog guards my house well.
9. I am not allowed by my father to do it.
10. We took tea at the hotel.

EXERCISE17
1. Ali has invited his friend to tea.
2. Were they writing letters to their father?
3. I lost my beautiful pen.
4. The report will have to be written by Ali.
5. Some one stole my books.
6. Had the door been opened by the peon?
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 7. He will discuss the problem thoroughly.
8. He misinformed all of us.
9. Do you know him well?
10. I have been painting a picture.

EXERCISE18
1. Did they always like tea?
2. We were not discussing the problem.
3. Was he telling you a story?
4. I can lend you my pen.
5. Many people were injured by him.
6. We defeated both the teams.
7. Trees are grown every where by people.
8. They had cut the stones when we went there.
9. My dog guards my house all night.
10. They were running a race in the evening.

EXERCISE19
1. Have you invited all your friends?
2. Did he complete his work?
3. I always take tea early in the morning.
4. The country was ruled by the old King.
5. He was helped by many people.
6. Will they see off their friends at the station?
7. Had a letter been written by you?
8. He will submit a detailed report soon.
9. They spend all their spare times in reading.
10. Their houses have been put to auction by the Government.
EXERCISE20
1. How was the thief caught by the police?
2. The prices of gas, petrol and electricity have been increased.
3. We take tea together.
4. Can you read this writing?
5. The recent floods destroyed the crops.
6. Every one won a prize.
7. The strong wind uprooted many trees.
8. I am helping him to write an essay.
9. Why should you ask him to do it?
10. They put the books in the room.

EXERCISE21
1. What do you do in the evening?
2. You will guide me before the examination.
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 3. Children should not be beaten by the parents.
4. Please put out the candles.
5. Why does everyone like ice-cream?
6. The teacher was checking my work.
7. Let her say something about the truth.
8. You should always speak the truth.
9. A sweet song was sung by the little children together.
10. Am I not often helped by him?

EXERCISE22
1. Kublai Khan received the Polos with open arms.
2. Which poem will you learn by heart?
3. I am not being helped by you in this matter.
4. Who has spoiled my note-book?
5. Have the boys finished the lesson?
6. Did you lend her money?
7. Please let a cup of milk be brought for me.
8. No body could catch the fish.
9. They learn a new lesson daily.
10. Was the looking glass not broken by her?

EXERCISE 23
1. Prices have been again increased by shopkeepers.
2. The robber’s hide-out was surrounded by the police.
3. He was attacked by some unknown persons.
4. He was being flattered by his subordinates.
5. The result is being announced by the University today.
6. The meeting was postponed by the organizers at the eleventh hour.
7. The fire was put out by the firemen after five hours hard struggle.
8. He was asked by his officer to resign or face an inquiry.
9. He was advised by the teacher not to waste his precious time in uselesspursuits.
10. He will be advised by the teacher not to enter your room in your absence.
11. His friends will not be betrayed by him in any circumstances.
12. This project cannot be financed by us?
13. How long shall we be deprived of our right by you?
14. Will we be punished by you for what we have not done?
15. Why should the traitors be given free rein by us?

EXERCISE 24
1. The whole flock is spoiled by a black sheep.
2. No flies are caught by a closed mouth.
3. They cannot be stopped by anyone from fighting for their just case.
4. The sun cannot be hidden by clouds for long.
5. The need for peace will be recognized by all nations one day.
6. War and injustice will be banished by mankind from the world some day.

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7. Why should our collective interest be ignored by us for the sake of narrow
personal interests?
8. It must be realized by us that constant vigilance is demanded for the
preservation of freedom.
9. It is wrong to believe that means are justified by ends.
10. The rights of our neighbors should be respected by us.
11. Happiness cannot always be purchased by riches.
12. A secret can be kept by three persons if two of them die.
13. A person by whom his promise has been broken will not be trusted by
anyone.

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CHAPTER 7
DIRECT AND INDIRECT NARRATION

Change the Narration:-

1. He says to me, “I shall help you”.
2. You say to her, “I am your uncle”.
3. He will say to his sister, “I love you very much”.
4. He says to me, “I work hard now”.
5. You will say to him, “I am very busy now”.
6. She says to him, “You are not a good boy”.
7. She said, “I am very busy now”.
8. You said, “I am very busy now”.
9. I said, “I am very busy now”.
10. You said, “You are very busy now”.
11. They said, “We are very busy now”.
12. He said to me, “You cannot play here”.
13. He said to us, “You cannot play here”.
14. He said to you, “You cannot play here”.
15. He said to him, “You cannot play here”.
16. He said to her, “You cannot play here”.
17. He said to them, “You cannot play here”.
18. He said to me, “I sang a song today”.
19. He said to me, “I am singing a song today”.
20. He said to me, “I have sung a song today”.
21. He said to me, “You are doing your work”.
22. She said to him, “No sir, I did not tell a lie”.
23. She said to him, “Good Morning, I want to have a talk with you”.
24. They said to us, “We shall do this work whole-heartedly.”
25. You said to her, “I am your brother”
26. He said to me, “I am out of pocket now”
27. He said to me, “I shall come to you tomorrow”
28. She said to him, “I do not like this book”
29. She said to him, “Naveed met me here yesterday”.
30. He said, “By God, I am speaking the truth”.
31. You said to me, “I did not give you my pen”.
32. They said to us, “We always help you and your family?
33. He said to her, “You have not returned my watch”.
34. She said, “I am working hard these days”.
35. He said to us, “All right! I will accompany you”.
36. He said to you, “No, I cannot help you”
37. He said to me, “Good morning I have just come”.
38. He said to him, “I do not like to waste your time”.
39. I said to him, “Why are you weeping?”
40. I said to her, “Why are you weeping?”
41. I said to them, “Why are you weeping?”
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42. She said to me, “Where is your cow?”
43. She said to him, “Where is your cow?”
44. She said to them, “Where is your cow?”
45. She said to us, “Where is your cow?’
46. He said to me, “How old are you?”
47. He said to her, “How old are you?”
48. We said to them, “When did you come here?”
49. They said to us, “When did you come here?”
50. He said to him, “Have you bought this bicycle?”
51. He said to me, “Have you bought this bicycle?”
52. She said to me, “Will you lend me your camera?”
53. I said to her, “Will you lend me your camera?”
54. He said to him, “Are you going away today?”
55. She said to him, “Why do you stop here?”
56. She said to me, “Why did you strike?”
57. The teacher said to the boy, “Have you done your homework?”
58. The doctor said, “Ali, what are you doing?”
59. The little boy said, “May I dine with you tonight uncle?”
60. The stranger said to me, “Why do you want me to go away now?”
61. “Are you ill, my child?” said her father.
62. What does it matter, if we do miss the train? Said Ali to his uncle.
63. “Are you coming home with me?” He asked.
64. “Do not you know the way home?” said I to him.
65. The poor man said to us, “Will none of you help me?”
66. She said to the stranger, “What can I do for you?”
67. “Which is the proper way to answer to this question, father?” said the boy.
68. “Will you tell the truth?” said the man.
69. He said to me, “Do you eat mangoes?”
70. You said to her, “Where did you keep my pen?”
71. He said to her, “Did you promise to accompany me?”
72. You said to her, “Where did you buy it?”
73. He said to me, ’When do you have your tea?”
74. He said to me, “Will you accompany me to Lahore?”
75. She said to him, “Why do you not help me?”
76. The boy said to her, “Do you like to eat these mangoes?”
77. The teacher said to me, “Do not waste your time.”
78. He said to her servant, “Polish my shoes.”
79. She said to him, “Please lend me your camera?”
80. He said to us, “Always obey your elders, boy.”
81. I said to him, “Wait here till I come.”
82. The teacher said to the boys, “Do not read the novels.”
83. He said to me, “Let me go home.”
84. “Keep quiet, boys. Do not make a noise.” Said the teacher.
85. He said to his friend, “Please tell me the time.”
86. The teacher said to the students. “Do as I tell you. Do not waste your time in
learning useless things.”
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87. “Honour your father and mother, and do what they say.” Said he to his
disciples.
88. He said, “Let us go out for a walk today.”
89. The Captain said to the soldier, “Do not fire until I give you the signal.”
90. “Hurry up” he said to me, “Do not waste time.”
91. “Come quickly” he shouted, “and help me.”
92. The teacher said to the students, “Do not read novels.”
93. I said to him, “Wait here till I come back.”
94. The General said to his men, “March forward and face the foe bravely.”
95. He said to the boys, “Do not sit here.”
96. The teacher said, “Pay attention and do not talk.”
97. He said to me, “Let me do my work.’
98. She said, “Let me go home.”
99. They said, “Hurrah! We have won the match.”
100. He said, “Alas! My father has died.”
101. He said, “Aha! I have won the first prize.”
102. He said, “How glad I am to see you here.”
103. The old man said, Alas! My days are numbered.”
104. Waqas said to postman, “Is there any letter for me?”
105. The teacher said, “Boys, do not make a noise.”
106. I said, “May you live ling!”
107. Nasir said, “Good morning! How are you?”
108. My friend said, “What a lovely scene it is!”
109. The king said to the General, “Bravo! You have fought bravely.”
110. The master said to the servant, “What are you doing?”
111. He said to me, “Where do you live?”
112. Waleed said to me, “Please lend me two rupees,”
113. He said, “Do not tease the poor.”
114. He said, “How high mountain is?”
115. The rich man said, “Ah! I am undone,”
116. They said, “What a splendid scenery it is!”
117. Every body said, “How well she sings?”
118. The old man said, “Alas! I have lost all I had!”
119. The boys said, Hurrah! Tomorrow we shall have a holiday.”
120. They cried out, “How beautiful this painting is!”
121. Alice said, “How clever I am?”
122. She said, “Bravo! You have done well.”
123. “So help me, Heaven!” he cried, “I will never steal away.”
124. She said, “My God! I am ruined.”
125. He said, “Alas! Our foes are too strong.”
126. He said, “What a pity, you did not come.”
127. They said, “Hurrah! I have won the prize.”
128. They said, “Oh! That’s a nuisance.”
129. “Ah me” said the queen, “What a rash and bloody deed you have
done.”
130. He said to me, “May your son succeed!”
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131. He said to her, “May you live long!”
132. I said to him, “May you prosper!”
133. The poor man said, “Would that I were rich!”
134. The old man said to him, “May God, bless you with a son!”
135. She said, “May you succeed in your mission!”
136. He said, “May God, bless you, my son!”
137. He said, “Oh that, I were rich.”
138. He said, “Would that, my father were alive!”
139. His mother said, “May you return successful!”

EXERCISES IN THE CHANGE OF NARRATION

EXERCISE No. 1
1. He says, “He goes home.”
2. He says, “He went home.”
3. He says, “He will go home.”
4. He says, “He was going home.”
5. He says, “He is going home.”
6. He says, “He has gone home.”
7. He says, “He had gone home.”
8. He says, “He can go home.”
9. He says, “God is one.”
10. He says, “Man is mortal.”

EXERCISE NO. 2
1. I said, “I do my duty.”
2. You said, “I do my duty.”
3. He said, “I do my duty.”
4. She said, “I do my duty.”
5. Ali said, “I do my duty.”
6. He said to me, “You do your duty.”
7. He said to us, “You do your duty.”
8. He said to him, “You do your duty.”
9. He said to her, “You do your duty.”
10. He said, “You do your duty.”
11. You said to me, “She helps her sister.”
12. I said to you, “Ali obeys his father.”

EXERCISE NO. 3
1. He says, “I am going to the post office.”
2. He will say to us, “I shall invite you tea.”
3. She said, “You were reading the Holy Quran.”
4. He said to me, “I slept in this room last night.”
5. They said to him, “We are sorry for telling a lie.”
6. The doctor said to her, “I did not ask you to wait for me,”
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 7. He said to me, “I shall see you and her tomorrow.”
8. You said to us, “She and I are leaving for your towns.”
9. Mother said to us, “God helps those who help themselves.”

EXERCISE NO. 4
1. You say, “I obey my parents.”
2. They will say, “We do not live in this house.”
3. You said to him, “I have been taking this medicine.”
4. They said “We have carried out your orders.”
5. The servant said, “I have done your work.”
6. She said to us, “I forgot to post your letter yesterday.”
7. I said to him, “You cannot sleep in his room without my permission.”
8. He said to me, “You slapped my servant on his face.”
9. You said, “My brother, I am going to help you.”
10. The teacher said, “Water keeps its level.”

EXERCISE NO. 5
1. She says, “I have spoken the truth now.”
2. You will say to us, “I have been waiting for you.”
3. She said to me, “I shall write a letter to you.”
4. He said to us, “I planted these trees in your garden yesterday.”
5. She said to him, “Sir, I left your pen on his table.”
6. Saeeda said to me, “You have stolen my earrings.”
7. The teacher said to me, “You should work for his brother.”
8. He said to me, “He could go with you.”
9. The mother said, “My daughter, you have not spoken the truth.”
10. You said to him, “All is well that ends well.”

EXERCISE NO. 6
1. The stranger said to me, “Why are you laughing?”
2. The stranger said to me, “Are you laughing?”
3. I said to Ali, “How have you got a good gardener to look after your
roses?”
4. I said to Ali, “Have you got a good gardener to look after your roses?”
5. Ahmed said to Sheri, “Why do you wish me to go away with him?”
6. Ahmed said to Sher Muhammad, “Do you wish me to go away with
him?”
7. The little boy said, “May I go with you mother?”
8. The old woman said to me, “Sir can you tell me if this is the place I came
to before?”
9. The porter asked, “Which train are you taking?”
10. She shouted to us, “Will you not come and save me from the clutches of
this villain of a man?”

EXERCISE NO. 7
1. The officer said to the candidate, “What is your age?”
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 2. The policeman said to the stranger, “What is your name.”
3. I said to the carpenter, “How long will it take you to make the table?”
4. He said to us, “How old are you?”
5. She said to us, “Where is your cow?”
6. The principal said to me, “How many brothers have you?”
7. Rauf said to her uncle, “What does it matter if you miss the train?”
8. She said to me, “What O’ clock is it?”
9. My friend said to me, “How do you do?”
10. I said to my brother, “How are you?”

EXERCISE NO. 8
1. The teacher said to the boy. “Get out of the room.”
2. He said to me, “Do not try to teach me my business.”
3. I said to him, “Please, get out and do not come again.”
4. “Go home and bring my brother, said she to me.
5. Run at once, or you’ll miss the train,” said the manager to the customer.
6. He said, “Dear father, pardon me this time, please, and I’ll never repeat
the mistake.”
7. “Get some hot water, boy, because you can’t wash properly in cold” said
the matron.
8. “Come and see us whenever you are passing” she said to me as she shook
hands.
9. The old man said, “May you live long!”
10. She said to her sister, “If you wish to see me, Come at nine.”
11. The holy man said, “If you are rich, help the poor.”

EXERCISE NO. 9 (Optative Sentences)

1. The old woman said to me, “May you live long!”
2. Mother said, “May my only son be healthy and strong!”
3. The bagger said, “May God, bless you with prosperity!”
4. She said, “May it not rain today!”
5. The bagger said angrily, “May you go to hell!”
6. The poor man cried in agony, “May you be ruined!”
7. You said to me, “Would that you have won the prize.”
8. We said to him, “Would that you were with us during our visit to Swat.”
9. The boy said, “I wish I were born of the rich parents.”
10. He said, “Oh that I were a king.”

EXERCISE NO.10 (Exclamatory Sentences)

1. “Hurrah! We have won the match,” shouted the captain.
2. She said, “Alas! All my hopes are now at an end.”
3. The teacher said to us, “Hurrah! Our result has been excellent.”
4. The old man said, “Alas! I have been wasting my life.”
5. The merchant said to his friend, “Alas! I have been reduced to poverty.”
6. She said to her brother, “How foolish I have been!”

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 7. The Youngman said, “How lucky you are to win this prize!”
8. “What a stupid fellow you are!” said my uncle to me.
9. The patient said, “What a horrible dream I have had!”
10. “Really, father, how very unpleasant” said Najma.

EXERCISE NO. 11 (Use of Let)

1. The Headmaster said to the peon, “Let this boy come in.”
2. Eisha said to her sister, “Let me go on with my work.”
3. Walpole said, “Let Sleeping dogs lie.”
4. I said, “Let him do what he likes.”
5. The commander said, “Let the enemy come.”
6. I said to him, “Let us go out for a walk.”
7. Vishal said to me, “Let us not run any risk in going there.”
8. The teacher said, “Boys, let us start work.”
9. The leader said, “Let us be up and doing.”
10. The old man said to us, “Let us pray so that God may bless us.”

EXERCISE NO. 12 (Mixed Sentences)

1. He said to me, “I shall help you and her.”
2. You said to her, “Why are you weeping?”
3. You said to her, “Are you weeping?”
4. You said to her, “Who is weeping?”
5. They said to me, “Go out and do not come again.”
6. The mother said to her son, “May you live long!”
7. He said to me, “Hurrah! I have passed.”
8. She said to him, “What a fine bird it is!”
9. He said, “God is one.”
10. He said to her, “Let us go out for a walk.”

EXERCISE NO. 13 (Mixed Sentences)

1. She says to you, “you are my dear uncle.”
2. They said to us, “When are you going to Murree?”
3. They said to us, “Are going to Murree?”
4. The teacher said to me, “He did not turn up last night.”
5. The teacher said, “Boys, keep quiet and do not make a noise.”
6. He said to me, “May your son succeed!”
7. The old man said, “Alas! My days are numbered.”
8. He said, “How glad I am to see you!”
9. The teacher said, “The earth revolves around the sun.”
10. He said, “Let us complete our work in time.”

EXERCISE NO. 14 (Mixed Sentences)

1. He said to me, “Your brother has sent me a fine book.”
2. He said to me, “When do you have your tea?”

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 3. He said to me, “Do you have your tea?”
4. He said to me, “Who will go by the next train?”
5. He said to soldiers, “Do not fire until I order.”
6. The beggar said to me, “May God bless you with a son!”
7. He said, “Hurrah! Father has brought a watch for us.”
8. The magician said, “Ghosts have no shadows.”
9. Father said to the son, “What a rash deed you have done!”
10. My friend said, “Let us read these important novels.”

EXERCISE NO. 15 (Mixed Sentences)

1. Hasham Ali said, “My brother arrived here yesterday.”
2. She said, “What does it matter if I do not go?”
3. She said, “How many brothers have you?”
4. She said, “Who cares if I do not go?”
5. He said to me,. “Hurry up and do not waste time.”
6. His mother said, “May you return safe and sound!”
7. He said to me, “Alas! My son has failed for the third time.”
8. She said, “What a beautiful rainbow is there in the sky!”
9. He said to me, “Life is not a bed of roses.”
10. He said, “Let us be quick and reach there soon.”

EXERCISE NO. 16 (Mixed Sentences)

1. She said to me, “Nothing grows in my garden.”
2. I said to Ali, “What do you mean by abusing me?”
3. She said to me, “Can you help me to finish my work?”
4. You said to her, “What happened in the street?”
5. You said, “Listen to my words and act upon them, little girl.”
6. He said, “Oh that I were rich.”
7. Aysha said, “Hurrah! My name is at the top.”
8. The patient said, “How painful the wound is!”
9. My mother said, “Honesty is the best policy.”
10. She said to me, “Let me go home before it is late.”

EXERCISE NO. 17 (Mixed Sentences)

1. She said to me, “Nothing grows in my garden.”
2. He said, “Why did you travel first class?”
3. “Did you travel first class?” I asked him.
4. “Who owns this revolver?” said the detective.
5. The teacher said, “Make good use of your time, boys.”
6. The holy man said, “May God grant mercy to all of you!”
7. “Hurrah! We have defeated our enemy at last” shouted the commander.
8. “Alas! Our crops will fail for want of rains,” said the farmer.
9. He said, “A bad workman always quarrels with his tools.”
10. “Let’s go to the cinema, “said Ashraf to me.

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EXERCISE NO 18 (Mixed Sentences)
1. His daughter said, “I have no idea what the time is.”
2. The policeman said to me, “What was she wearing when you saw her?”
3. “Can you read the last line on the chart?” the doctor asked.
4. “Who put salt in my coffee?” he asked.
5. He said to me, “If any one rings up, say that I’ll be back soon.
6. The beggar said, “May all your children be healthy and strong!”
7. They said, “Hurrah! We have reached the destination, friends.”
8. The prisoner said, “Alas! There is no way to get out.”
9. He said to me, “Would that he had not gone there.”
10. The leader said, “Let us show that we are worth of confidence.”

EXERCISE NO. 19(Mixed Sentences)

1. He said, “You can keep that book if you like.”
2. “What else did you see?” I asked the boy.
3. “Are you being attended to, sir?” said the shopkeeper.
4. “What causes you so much worry?” asked the father.”
5. His wife said, “Alam, write to me as often as you can.”
6. The old man said, “May you not face any sorrow throughout life.”
7. They said, “Hurrah! Our labour has born fruit.”
8. The young man said, “Alas! I lost first division by six marks.”
9. The prince said, “Oh that I could marry her.”
10. He said to me, “Let us not jump to conclusion.”

EXERCISE NO. 20
1. May aunt said, “If you work hard, you will pass.”
2. “Have you done this sort of work before?” said the employer.
3. “May I come in, sir” the boy said to the teacher.
4. “Which of you knows how to make tea?” said the mother.
5. Don’t shelter under a tree in a thunderstorm,” he said.
6. The principal said, “Hurrah! Our boy has again topped the list.”
7. The child said, “May my ailing mother recover again!”
8. They said, “Alas! We could not do anything for our people.”
9. The business man said, “Would that we had bought fifty bales of cotton this
month.”
10. “Let me explain,” she said, “Don’t be in such a hurry.”

EXERCISE NO. 21
1. He said to me, “If I had worked hard, I would have passed.”
2. “What is your new home like?” I asked them.
3. “Did they understand what you said to them?” he inquired.
4. “What brings you here?” said the man.
5. He said, “Boys, put down that gun. It’s loaded.
6. The woman cried, “You dog! May you be ruined!”
7. You said to her, “Hurrah! Our son has brought a good name to the family.”
8. They cried, “Alas! We failed to achieve the target this time.”
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 9. He said, “I wish I had not disclosed the secret!”
10. The child begged, “Let me stay a little longer with you, mother.”

EXERCISE NO. 22
1. “I have something to show you, “I said to her.
2. “It is not so foggy today as it was yesterday,” I remarked.
3. He said, “My brother has been made a judge.”
4. “I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready,” she replied.
5. “If you give me some wire, I’ll hang that picture for you,” said my cousin.
6. “Which of you knows how to prepare tea?” said he.
7. He said, “Where am I supposed to go?”
8. “Where were you last night, Mr. Arshed?” she said.
9. “What else did you see?” I asked the boy.
10. “Can you read the last line on the chart?” said the man.

EXERCISE NO. 23
1. “Did they understand what you said?” he inquired.
2. “Did you see what I see, Sadaf?” said the young man.
3. “Who left these books on the table?” said the teacher.
4. “Are you sorry for what you did?” asked mother.
5. “Shall I ask her to wait?” said the secretary.
6. “Would you mind if I look inside your bag, madam?” said the police
officer.
7. “Shall I be in time?” he asked himself, looking at his watch.
8. “Have confidence in me,” urged the doctor.
9. “Write to me as often as you can,” said his wife.
10. “Put down the gun. It’s loaded,” Imran said.

EXERCISE NO. 24
1. “Don’t argue with your father,” I said.
2. “Don’t go near the water, children,” said the mother.
3. “Don’t eat so much starch,” I advised her.
4. “Don’t use bent coins in a short machine,” I advised him.
5. “Take me up to the 23rd floor,” he said to the liftman.
6. “Be very careful crossing the roads,” she said.
7. “Go, get me a paper and come straight back,” He said.
8. “If any one rings up, say I am not here,” said she.
9. “If you have a puncture, get the car off the road,” said my father.
10. “When you see him, don’t forget to thank,” said she to me.

EXERCISE NO. 25
1. Naeem said, “How lovely is the day!”
2. Mir Baz Khan said, “How hungry I am today!”
3. Haleema said to her sister, “Return my pen or I shall tell mother.”
4. Raja said to his wife, “Where is our youngest child?”
5. Khadim said, “I have won a prize for Rs. 1000.”
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 6. She said, “I have lost my necklace.”
7. Tahir said to his son, “How many goats have you in the house?”
8. Balqis said to her brother, “I am not eating anything today as I am ill.”
9. The student said to his teacher, “I do not know how to swim.”
10. Ijaz said to Fahim, “I usually go to Multan from Chichawatni on foot.”

EXERCISE NO. 26
1. “Let us go to the cinema,” said Naila.
2. “Let me go to the cinema,” said Naila.
3. “Let us clear it up,” said Azam.
4. “Let him clear it up,” said Azam.
5. He said, “Good Morning.”
6. He said, “Thank you.”
7. He said, “Congratulation.”
8. He said, “You, dog!”
9. He said, “Liar!”
10. He said, “What a pity!”

EXERCISE NO. 27
1. The Captain said, “Bravo! Well done.”
2. I said, “Let me go home.”
3. He said to me, “I shall have sent you to the prison, you rouge!”
4. Alam said, “Heaven knows! I returned the money into this hand.”
5. The mother said to me, “Welcome home!”
6. He said to Aakeel, “Who says to you, “You are a liar.”
7. The child said, “Could I but see my toy!”
8. He said; “Let Saleem do his worst. He cannot harm me.”
9. I said, “What a fine day it is! Ask Aslam to come out of the house.”
10. He said, “We must die one day.”

EXERCISE NO. 28
1. He said to me, “I have done my work. Have you done your?”
2. The soldiers said to the stranger, “Who are you? Stand still and do not
move.
3. I said to him, “You are in the Arabian dress. Do you really belong to
Arabia?”
4. The bagger said, “Please give me a piece of bread. I have been hungry for
three days.”
5. The policeman said to me, “Do not drive so fast. You may meet with an
accident.”
6. He said, “Hurrah! I passed the examination. This year I worked so hard.”
7. He said, “Alas! I have been cheated. Will you help me to catch the rogue?”
8. I said, “What a fine day it is! Ask Aslam to come out of the house.”
9. The teacher said to us, “May you all have nice holiday! You deserve it.”
10. My friend said to me, “Let us start work seriously. The examination has
come near.”
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EXERCISE NO. 29
1. The teacher said to Sajid, “Why are you late today again? It is a very bad
thing to be irregular. I am sorry you are not doing well. Take your seat
now and do not be late again.”

2. The mouse said to the lion, “I am a poor creature and you are the king of
the forest. If you take pity on me and let me go, I shall be able to do you a
kindness some time or another.”
3. “Lucy” the father said, “Your mother has gone to the town and has not
returned. A storm is expected tonight. Let us pray that your mother may
return home safe and sound. Will you not go with lantern to the town to
light your mother?”
4. She said to the King, “Has your Majesty any doubt of that man’s guilt?
There is the very sword with which he meant to kill you. How sharp and
bright, and terrible it is! Quick, let, him taste the milk or he may perhaps do
the deed even yet.”

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CHAPTER 8
EXERCISES IN THE CORRECTION OF SENTENCES
EXERCISE # 1.
1. He met me in the way.
2. You should take pity at him.
3. I have returned the book last Friday.
4. He is ill for a weak.
5. You should not make noise.
6. I, you and he will help her.
7. He caught two fishes.
8. I am more intelligent than her.
9. At last he returned back.
10. This book is too interesting.

EXERCISE # 2.
1. He is elder than me.
2. He is not superior over me.
3. You saw that a man is coming.
4. He has gone from here ten minutes ago.
5. She has got headache.
6. I do not know who are you.
7. I lost my furnitures.
8. The elephant is larger than any animal.
9. Unless you do not work, you will not pass.
10. I am much thankful to you.

EXERCISE # 3.
1. It is six in my watch.
2. He agreed with my proposal.
3. When we lived there, we have three cows.
4. If he will come, I will help him.
5. The English is difficult to learn.
6. Why you left the room without me?
7. I have an urgent work (business).
8. The climate of Multan is hotter than Lahore.
9. Bring me any water to drink.
10. Work hard lest you should not fail.

EXERCISE # 4.
1. He married with Salma.
2. The mother is angry from her daughter.
3. He went out before I arrived.
4. He had written the letter last night.
5. Chenab flows near Multan.
6. No sooner I reached here than he left.
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 7. I told these news to him.
8. Of the two books, the second is the best.
9. Each of us have a pen.
10. I did not see somebody there.

EXERCISE # 5.
1. I prefer knowledge over power.
2. Let us discuss on this matter.
3. He was waiting for me for two hours.
4. They have come back yesterday.
5. I have only few friends.
6. This is a worth seeing sigtht.
7. He has many sheeps.
8. You are taller than me.
9. You as well as he is ill.
10. We went to the fair and enjoyed.

EXERCISE # 6.
1. We should pray God every day.
2. He reached in Lahore at 5 P.M.
3. I have seen him only yesterday.
4. He told me that he is ill.
5. Horse is a faithful animal.
6. This chair has cost rupees only hundred.
7. I packed my luggages.
8. Health is more preferable than wealth.
9. I have no any money.
10. Neither of them are lucky.

EXERCISE # 7.
1. I am afraid from nobody.
2. Mother loves with her children.
3. I felt that the book is difficult.
4. If he will go late, he will miss the train.
5. We saw elephant in the zoo.
6. He asked that why he went there.
7. He paid me two hundreds rupees.
8. Lahore is more beautiful than any city.
9. The boy who stands first he will get the prize.
10. It is much fine today.

EXERCISE # 8.
1. Your watch is inferior from mine.
2. I prefer death than dishonour.
3. There are many people in the park yesterday.
4. I shall be glad if you will come to me.
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 5. Please, wait little longer.
6. This is a worth reading book.
7. He gave me many advices.
8. Of his three brothers, he is the taller.
9. He is more cleverer than Amjad.
10. My son’s health has been too good.

EXERCISE # 9.
1. Do not laugh on your seniors.
2. He is jealous from his neighbours.
3. If I shall be here, I shall com to dinner.
4. He had not learnt the poem last night.
5. Indus has overflowed its bank.
6. The boy was fined who came late.
7. I have many works to do.
8. Death is more preferable than slavery.
9. A number of boys was caught copying.
10. Give me any water, hot or cold.

EXERCISE # 10.
1. He does not listen my advice.
2. This book is easier from that.
3. He is died today.
4. Ahmad said that he is learning English.
5. Muslims are a brave nation.
6. Neither he comes nor writes.
7. The poor deserve our help.
8. No girl is so intelligent as Kiran.
9. Either he or I are right.
10. He should avail of this chance.

EXERCISE # 11.
1. How charming are the sceneries of Kashmir.
2. He has arrived at 5 O’clock yesterday.
3. This is the apple whom I bought this morning.
4. I have ordered for a copy of Algebra.
5. Every one of you two should do this work.
6. Although he is old but he can run fast.
7. One does not often know his mind.
8. Lahore is larger than any city in the Punjab.
9. I hope you are keeping good health.
10. You had better to attend to you work.

EXERCISE #12.
1. His conduct is such which I cannot forgive.
2. I gave him your invitation but he denied to come.
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 3. Neither of them were prepared for the emergency.
4. Whom did you say had arrived?
5. In spite of his faults, I cannot help but like him.
6. Every one is frightened when they see a tiger.
7. This is a worth seeing sight.
8. Supposing if he fails to come, what will you do?
9. How could I go unless I have asked your permission.
10. Whosoever does best he will get a prize.

EXERCISE # 13.
1. He reached at the station in time.
2. I know to speak well.
3. He has written a book well.
4. I rise at 6O’clock in the morning.
5. He is taller than me.
6. Amin is the wiser of all his brothers.
7. She agreed with my proposal.
8. He has succeeded to get a job.
9. He told that no further news is received.
10. He strucked the table with a bat.

EXERCISE # 14.
1. He is short by ten lectures.
2. Jhelum flows through a beautiful valley.
3. He said that he is ill.
4. I have been trying to see you since the last three months.
5. This book has costed me much.
6. Unless you arrive early, you will get a seat at the concert.
7. He is very week.
8. I have not heard from him because he went away.
9. When he had written this book, he will have written eleven books.
10. It shall be a long time before they complete this house.

EXERCISE # 15.
1. We reached in Lahore at 5 p.m.
2. Shall you help me?
3. At 3 O’clock he is having a rest.
4. They have spoken their gratitude for his help.
5. I am looking in for an opportunity.
6. He is not superior over me.
7. He is becoming very fatter in his old age.
8. She was prohibited to go.
9. Being very tall, he could not see over the wall.
10. She typed the letter without making an error.

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EXERCISE # 16.
1. I thought it was him.
2. This is a worth reading book.
3. We bathe ourselves every morning.
4. I will make him to obey me.
5. He replied that he will come.
6. No sooner I saw him I ran to meet him.
7. Write with ink.
8. There are no breads in the house.
9. You must go to the barber to have your hairs cut.
10. He ordered to withdraw the arms.

EXERCISE #17.
1. I, you and he will go to Rawalpindi.
2. He brought the articles to the market which he wanted to sell.
3. He laid in bed till eight in the morning.
4. How you managed to come here?
5. I congratulate you of your success.
6. He is the cleverest of any boy in the class.
7. Many a man were killed in the battle.
8. This news are true.
9. He told the judge that sir I am not guilty.
10. One does not often know his mind.

EXERCISE #18.
1. It is me.
2. He is alright.
3. His failure was owing to his illness.
4. I feel thirst.
5. There is a short interval between each act.
6. We went to the fair and enjoyed.
7. He is more intelligent of the three.
8. I know to play football.
9. Sir, I am a family man.
10. He asked how is it made.

EXERCISE # 19.
1. I asked you whether you will join our party.
2. I t was pleasure to have received the prize.
3. Aslam is suffering from fever since Monday.
4. If he would have come, I would have helped him.
5. I said to him to pray to God.
6. We won our opponents.
7. The council is consisted of ten members.
8. Iron finds in many countries.
9. I must revenge my brother.
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 10. I met your family members.

EXERCISE # 20.
1. Neither of you three can succeed in the examination.
2. Every man is responsible for their actions.
3. How the post office caught fire?
4. My brother has arrived here last evening.
5. He denied that he had not committed the theft.
6. Unless you do not help him, he is sure to fail.
7. It was I who replied him in the negative.
8. The United Nations have done nothing to help the people of Kashmir.
9. Khalid was braver than any man.
10. Enjoy yourself like he does.

EXERCISE #21.
1. I will be drowned and nobody shall save me.
2. Neither Aslam nor Anwar were poets.
3. It is I who is to blame.
4. I never did it, nor ever shall.
5. He is suffering from fever from Sunday.
6. The murderer was hung.
7. The work was consisted of two volumes.
8. He has not gotten his roll number.
9. The river has overflown its banks.
10. Do you know when will message come?

EXERCISE # 22.
1. Mansoor has passed the B.A. Examination in 1997.
2. He as well as his brothers are guilty.
3. This book has costed me five rupees.
4. Have you gotten your pen with you?
5. He did not avail the chance.
6. They did not write to us since they left England.
7. Salma sings good.
8. I asked them what they have been doing since Monday.
9. You did not tell me when you intend to return home.
10. Unless you will work hard, you cannot succeed.

EXERCISE # 23.
1. Do you know who are you referring to?
2. I admitted my brother in the IslamiaCollege.
3. He packed his luggages.
4. These females have come here to take your advice.
5. The boy who stands first he will get a prize.
6. You should not make noise.
7. He lives miserly.
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 8. No sooner I had reached the station, when the train started.
9. He called her as a fool.
10. I did not ask any question to him.

EXERCISE # 24.
1. He dares not to speak against me.
2. He told these news to his mother.
3. He provided the blinds with food and clothes.
4. I asked for my book but he did not give me.
5. He gave me many advices.
6. If I would have worked hard, I would have passed.
7. Until he does not apologise, he must not be allowed to sit in the class.
8. I am fond of all games as for an example tennis.
9. He is ill since three months.
10. He walked all the day by foot.

EXERCISE # 25.
1. The chief with his followers were present.
2. Kindness as well as justice are to be our guide.
3. Rahim and Karim enjoyed at the fair.
4. A log was swimming in the water.
5. I am in this college since 1990.
6. Salim denied to do what he was told.
7. Some days ago I had been to the post office
8. I laid in bed for three hours.
9. I never have and never shall climb hills.
10. Every soldier and sailor were needed in the war.

EXERCISE #26.
1. He inquired if we have won the match.
2. Many a man have been killed in the accident.
3. The mother with her daughters have come.
4. My friends as well as I was disgraced.
5. This is one of the most remarkable events that has happened in this
century.
6. Five clerks have retired and ten new men appointed.
7. Please tell me where is your brother?
8. I am tired so I shall lay down.
9. He was fail in Mathematics.
10. Let us close the door before the train will start.

EXERCISE # 27.
1. Why you left the class room without my permission.?
2. The principal said to punish the boy.
3. Each of them have different books.
4. If you are not the leader, how you can represent the group?
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 5. I had seen him ten minutes ago.
6. It is I who is to blame.
7. A number of boys was caught copying.
8. I came home when it begins to rain.
9. A lady’s wrist watch stole in the train.
10. He worked hard so that he may succeed.

EXERCISE # 28
1. Walked she fast last evening?
2. He has given his examination.
3. We enjoyed very much this morning.
4. Shahid told me that he has finished the work.
5. I wish my brother was here.
6. Fire and water does not agree.
7. Sometimes I have but now I never meet him.
8. He laid down to rest a while.
9. The patient died before the doctor came.
10. He told me that he did not post the letter yesterday.

EXERCISE # 29.
1. These three friends love each other.
2. My horse is the most swiftest of all.
3. Either you or I am in wrong.
4. He left by 4:30 O’clock train.
5. Unless you do not walk fast, you cannot catch the train.
6. My all friends will help me.
7. He has left half an hour ago.
8. I, he and you will go to Lahore.
9. Two and two makes four.
10. Karim married with Salima.

EXERCISE # 30.
1. My pupils as well as I am doing the work.
2. He told that he would help you.
3. The teacher gave him many advices.
4. The United States are a rich country.
5. Of the two routes, this is the shortest.
6. The poors deserve our help.
7. Between you and I, he is a fool.
8. We enjoyed during holidays.
9. I have received your letter yesterday.
10. The mill workers are on strike for the last six days.

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