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Linux Commands

The document lists 50 essential Linux commands along with their functions, providing a quick reference for users. Commands include file management (e.g., ls, cp, rm), system monitoring (e.g., top, ps), and network operations (e.g., ssh, wget). This guide serves as a valuable resource for both beginners and experienced users to navigate and utilize Linux effectively.

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Debasish Rout
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17 views2 pages

Linux Commands

The document lists 50 essential Linux commands along with their functions, providing a quick reference for users. Commands include file management (e.g., ls, cp, rm), system monitoring (e.g., top, ps), and network operations (e.g., ssh, wget). This guide serves as a valuable resource for both beginners and experienced users to navigate and utilize Linux effectively.

Uploaded by

Debasish Rout
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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50 Essential Linux Commands

1. ls - List directory contents

2. pwd - Print working directory

3. cd [directory] - Change directory

4. mkdir [directory] - Create a new directory

5. rmdir [directory] - Remove an empty directory

6. rm [file] - Remove a file

7. rm -r [directory] - Remove a directory and its contents

8. cp [source] [destination] - Copy files and directories

9. mv [source] [destination] - Move or rename files and directories

10. touch [file] - Create an empty file

11. cat [file] - View the contents of a file

12. tac [file] - View file contents in reverse order

13. less [file] - View a file one page at a time

14. more [file] - View a file one screen at a time

15. head -n [number] [file] - Display the first n lines of a file

16. tail -n [number] [file] - Display the last n lines of a file

17. grep [pattern] [file] - Search for a pattern in a file

18. find [path] -name [filename] - Find files by name

19. locate [filename] - Find files using a pre-built database

20. which [command] - Locate a command's executable

21. man [command] - Display the manual page for a command

22. chmod [permissions] [file] - Change file permissions

23. chown [owner]:[group] [file] - Change file owner and group

24. df -h - Display disk usage in human-readable format

25. du -sh [directory] - Display the size of a directory


26. free -m - Display memory usage in megabytes

27. ps aux - Display active processes

28. top - Display real-time system resource usage

29. kill [PID] - Terminate a process by process ID

30. pkill [name] - Kill a process by name

31. tar -cvf [archive.tar] [directory] - Create a tar archive

32. tar -xvf [archive.tar] - Extract a tar archive

33. gzip [file] - Compress a file using gzip

34. gunzip [file.gz] - Decompress a gzip file

35. zip [archive.zip] [file] - Create a zip archive

36. unzip [archive.zip] - Extract a zip archive

37. wget [URL] - Download a file from the internet

38. curl -O [URL] - Download a file using curl

39. scp [file] [user@host:/path] - Securely copy files to a remote system

40. rsync -av [source] [destination] - Synchronize files between locations

41. ssh [user@host] - Connect to a remote system via SSH

42. nano [file] - Open a file in the Nano text editor

43. vim [file] - Open a file in the Vim text editor

44. echo "text" > [file] - Write text to a file

45. cat file1 file2 > merged.txt - Merge files into one

46. history - Show command history

47. alias ll='ls -lah' - Create an alias

48. uname -a - Show system information

49. reboot - Restart the system

50. shutdown -h now - Shutdown the system immediately

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