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Geo Class VI

The document discusses various landforms of the Earth, including mountains, rift valleys, plateaus, and plains, highlighting their characteristics and formation processes. It distinguishes between young and old fold mountains, erosional and depositional plains, and provides examples of each type. Additionally, it emphasizes the agricultural and infrastructural benefits of plains due to their fertile soils and flat surfaces.

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leaptom.2016
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10 views3 pages

Geo Class VI

The document discusses various landforms of the Earth, including mountains, rift valleys, plateaus, and plains, highlighting their characteristics and formation processes. It distinguishes between young and old fold mountains, erosional and depositional plains, and provides examples of each type. Additionally, it emphasizes the agricultural and infrastructural benefits of plains due to their fertile soils and flat surfaces.

Uploaded by

leaptom.2016
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2.

Landforms of the Earth

C. 1. The Himalayas, the Andes, the Aravalli, the Appalachian (Any two)

2. The Rhine Rift Valley, valleys of the Narmada, the Tapti and the Damodar rivers, the Great Rift
Valley (any two)

3. The Plateau of Tibet, the Bolivian Plateau, the Mexican Plateau, the Tarim Basin

(any two)

4. The Deccan Plateau, the Malawi Plateau, the Columbia Plateau

(any two )

5. The Eastern Coastal Plain of India, the Great Plains in the USA

6. The Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, the Huang He Plain, the Po Valley

(any two)

D. 1. The mountains have steep slopes which makes it difficult for the population to do agriculture
and settle on the mountains. Moreover, due to steep slopes the development of the means of
transportation is not possible. That is why the mountains are less populated than the plains.

2. There is almost no difference between the highest and lowest points on a plain. They are
relatively flat and low-lying lands. Therefore, plains are also called lowlands.

E. 1. The fold mountains are formed due to folding of rock strata. When two horizontal forces act
towards a common plane from opposite directions folding occurs. Due to this wave-like bends called
folds are created in the rock strata. After folding, the top layer of the earth’s crust is converted into
arches and troughs.

The difference between young and old fold mountains are:

Young fold mountain Old fold mountain

i. These mountains have been formedrecently i. These mountains have been formed
much earlier
ii. They are very high, have steep slopes and ii. They are low, have gradual slopes and rounded
conical peaks. peaks.

iii. The Himalayas, the Rockies, the Andes, iii. The Aravalli, the Ural and the
the Atlas, the Alps and the Great Appalachian are some examples.
Dividing Range are some examples.
2. Rift valleys are formed due to faulting. These valleys are long and narrow troughs, which are
formed by the vertical and horizontal movements in the earth’s crust. They are usually bounded by
block mountains. There are two ways in which the rift valleys are formed.

i. The subsidence of the block between two faults.

ii. The upliftment of two blocks on either side of the faults.

Some examples of rift valleys are the Rhine Rift Valley bounded by the Vosges and the

Black Forest, the valleys of the Narmada, the Tapti and the Damodar rivers, and the Great

Rift Valley located on the eastern part of Africa.

3. Plateaus are highlands with steep slopes, and a flat and large summit area which rise abruptly
from the surrounding region.

3. Plateaus are highlands with steep slopes, and a flat and large summit area which rise abruptly
from the surrounding region. On the basis of their origin and location, plateaus can be broadly
classified into the following types.

i. Continental plateaus

ii. Intermontane plateaus

iii. Lava plateaus

4. The difference between erosional and depositional plains are:

Erosional plains Depositional plains

i. These plains are formed when elevated lands are worn down to plains by the agents of weathering
and erosion.

i. These plains are formed when the sediments brought down by rivers, glaciers and wind are
deposited in depressions.

ii. The West Siberian Plain and the plains in the Aravalli region are examples of erosional plains.

ii. The Ganga-Brahmaputra plains in India, the Huang He Plain in China and the Po Valley in Italy are
examples of depositional plains.

5. The plains are useful in the following ways.


i. Plains have fertile soils and longer growing season that are suitable for doing agriculture in the
region.

ii. The flat land surface helps in the construction of roads and railways.

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