DADPAAS, CHERRY LYN S.

BSME-3E
MEFC 112

ARDUINO
Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, has revolutionized the
world of DIY electronics and prototyping. Created to provide an accessible and
affordable way for individuals to bring their ideas to life, Arduino has become a
cornerstone in the maker movement and has significantly impacted fields
ranging from education to industrial automation.
Arduino is a versatile microcontroller platform that consists of both
hardware and software components. At its core is a simple yet powerful
microcontroller board, usually based on the ATmega series, and a user-friendly Integrated Development
Environment (IDE). The IDE allows users to write and upload code to the Arduino board, turning it into an
intelligent device capable of interacting with its environment.
The hardware consists of input and output pins that enable the connection of various sensors,
actuators, and other electronic components. With a vast array of shields (add-on boards) and a large
community contributing libraries and projects, Arduino supports a wide range of applications, making it
suitable for both beginners and experienced developers.
Importance of Arduino:
1. Accessibility and Inclusivity:
Arduino has democratized electronics by making it accessible to people with diverse backgrounds and
skill levels. Its open-source nature means that anyone can access the design files, modify them, and even
manufacture their own Arduino boards. This inclusivity has empowered individuals who may not have
formal training in electronics or programming to engage in creative and innovative projects.
2. Education and Skill Development:
In educational settings, Arduino has become a pivotal tool for teaching electronics and programming. Its
simplicity and versatility make it an ideal platform for introducing students to the fundamentals of coding,
electronics, and physical computing. The hands-on nature of Arduino projects fosters a practical
understanding of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) concepts, helping learners
develop essential skills for the future.
3. Rapid Prototyping and Innovation:
Arduino's ease of use and quick prototyping capabilities have made it a go-to platform for innovators and
entrepreneurs. It accelerates the development process, allowing individuals to test and iterate on their ideas
rapidly. This has resulted in a surge of innovative projects across various industries, from healthcare devices
to environmental monitoring systems.
4. Community and Collaboration:
The global Arduino community plays a crucial role in its continued success. Users share projects, code,
and troubleshooting tips, fostering a collaborative environment. This sense of community not only provides
support for beginners but also inspires experienced developers to push the boundaries of what is possible
with Arduino.
5. Industry Integration:
Beyond the realm of hobbyists and educators, Arduino has found its way into industrial applications. Its
adaptability, low cost, and widespread adoption have led to the development of Arduino-based solutions for
tasks such as automation, data logging, and control systems. This integration showcases Arduino's versatility
and its ability to transition from prototyping to real-world applications.

ARDUINO MODULES/SENSORS
ACTIVE PIEZO-BUZZER MODULE
This active piezo-buzzer module KY-012 will make a beep sound (2.5 Khz) when 3.3V is
applied to its input pins.

FLAME IR SENSOR
The KY-026 IR Flame sensor module is sensitive the IR light spectrum emitted by open
flames and triggers a digital output.

HEARTBEAT/PULSE SENSOR
The KY-039 heartbeat detects heartbeat/pulse via the finger using a photoresistor and
flashing an LED. Should not be used as a medical device

HIGH SENSITIVITY MICROPHONE SENSOR

This is the KY-037 sensor is a highly sensitive module for picking up sound and audio. This
sensor triggers a digital output based on the intensity of the sound. The trigger value can be
adjusted based on the position of an on-board potentiometer.

HIGH VOLTAGE RELAY MODULE

The KY-019 5V one channel relay module allows you to control high-voltage/high-current
devices using a low-voltage digital output pin on the Arduino.

INFRARED IR SENSOR
Infrared IR sensor module (KY-022) for use in infrared data transmission projects. The
perfect sensor for receiving button presses from an infrared remote control.

KNOCK SENSOR
Knock sensor are vibration sensors specifically designed to pick up the vibration of knocking.
Great for magic door openers triggered by knocking on the door.
JOYSTICK MODULE
This (KY-023) module is the perfect input device for gaming, controlling stepper motors,
servos, and remote control robotics projects. These have both analog (AO) and digital (DO)
output options.
 LOGIC LEVEL SHIFTER
Logic level shifters (sometimes called voltage translators) are great ways of working with
modules or components that require a different voltage. With an LLS you can use a 3.3 volt
module on a 5 volt line or vice-versa.

MOMENTARY BUTTON MODULE

The KY-004 momentary button module is a great module for providing input into your projects
from the press of a button.

OBSTACLE DETECTION SENSOR

This is the KY-032 obstacle detection sensor. It emits infrared light that is bounced back by
objects in proximity. When detected by a digital output is sent. Sensitivity can be adjusted by
on-board potentiometers. Great for detecting when a robot is about to impact with walls or
other objects.

TRACKING SENSOR
Tracking sensor are used to help robots follow a specific path on paper or other surfaces by
sensing lines and markings drawn on their surfaces.

VIBRATION SENSOR
The KY-002 vibration switch module detects movement and vibration of your project and
connects two pins (digital output). This can be used to detect if your Arduino project is being
shaken or abruptly moved.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The KY-013 Analog Temperature sensor measures ambient temperature from -55℃ / +125℃
with an accuracy of ± 0.5℃. This is commonly used to measure the temperature of devices and
enclosures of your Arduino projects.

SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR

Soil moisture sensors let you accurately detect the amount of water suspended in soils (plant pots
for example). These are great for Arduino gardening projects.

ULTRASONIC DISTANCE SENSOR

Ultrasonic distance sensors like the KY-050 emit a high frequency ultrasonic pulse that bounces
back to the on-board ultrasonic sensor. The time delay can be used to determine distances
surprisingly accurate.