‭UNIX IMP 😂 CMD Marks Question Answer‬

‭By‬‭Zotarc Marketing Agency‬‭!‬

‭Using grep and sed and awk ( From Theory papers)‬

‭1.‬ ‭W.a.c. to print which do not contain ‘Accounts’.‬

‭2.‬ ‭Print line 10 to 15.‬
‭3.‬ ‭Substitute ‘doshi’ with ‘desai’.‬
‭4.‬ ‭W.a.c. to print lines with line number which‬‭contain ‘Marketing’.‬
‭5.‬ ‭Display line which start with ‘The’.‬
‭6.‬ ‭Display two lines starting from 7‬‭th‬ ‭line of‬‭file X1.‬
‭7.‬ ‭Display all blank line between 20 to 30 line‬‭of file x1.‬
‭8.‬ ‭Display lines beginning with alphabets or digit‬‭from file x1.‬
‭9.‬ ‭Display line that do not contain “Clerk”.‬
‭ 0.‬ ‭Display the line which is not starting with 2‬‭.‬
1
‭11.‬ ‭W.a.c. to replace ‘Unix OS’ on line no 5‬‭th‬ ‭to‬‭10‬‭th‬‭.‬
‭12.‬ ‭W.a.c. to display all file name containing only‬‭digits in a filename.‬
‭13.‬ ‭To list file names consist of only 4 digits.‬
‭14.‬ ‭To display lines beginning with A of a file XI.‬
‭15.‬ ‭Lines 40 through 60 of file f1.txt to count no.‬‭of words.‬
‭16.‬ ‭Write a grep command to display all lines that‬‭begins and ends with same‬
‭Character. ■ –‬‭(grep -x "\(.\). \1" file1)‬
‭17.‬ ‭Using awk Simulate the following commands:‬
‭a.‬ ‭(1) tail -40 file!‬
‭b.‬ ‭(2) head -20 file 1 j tail -6‬
‭18.‬ ‭To assign output as well as error message of a‬‭command Cat x to file xl .‬

‭19.‬ ‭Write a command that user logged in more than‬‭once.‬

‭20.‬ ‭Convert the decimal number 192 to hexadecimal.‬‭21. Match all file names not‬
‭beginning with a dot (.)‬
‭22.‬ ‭Delete all lines begin with T in file fl.‬
‭23.‬ ‭Display contents of top 3 largest files in a working‬‭directory.‬
‭24.‬ ‭Display total number of words and lines of files‬‭which starts with 'm'.‬
‭25.‬ ‭Replace multiple spaces with a space in file fl.‬
‭26.‬ ‭List all files of working directory having at‬‭least 4-characters in file name.‬
‭27.‬ ‭Display all files recursively (including the hidden‬‭ones) in multiple columns with‬
‭distinguishing makes on executables and directory.‬
‭28.‬ ‭Display all files of current directory whose 1st‬‭character is not special character.‬
‭29.‬ ‭Display attributes of directory dir 1 resides in current directory.‬
‭30.‬ ‭Write a sed command to select those lines between‬‭30 and 40 having pattern 'unix'‬
‭in a file fl.‬
‭31.‬ ‭Write a short sequence on order emp. List on the‬‭date of birth.‬
‭32.‬ ‭Count the number of characters from the first‬‭five lines in the file f1.‬
‭33.‬ ‭Write a command to add two spaces to the begging‬‭of each line and two dashes at‬
‭the end of each line.‬
‭34.‬ ‭Write an awk script to print each odd line twice‬‭and even line thrice.‬
‭35.‬ ‭Copy the lines of a file that have only lowercase‬‭letters in it to another file.‬
‭36.‬ ‭Write a command to display the lines on screen‬‭as well as save it in a file that have‬
‭only uppercase characters in it.‬
‭37.‬ ‭Write a command to display the lines that has‬‭atleast two digits without any other‬
‭character in it.‬
‭38.‬ ‭Write a command to display the name of first three‬‭files that are last modified.‬
‭39.‬ ‭Write a command that copies only 12th to 20th‬‭line of one file to another file.‬
‭40.‬ ‭Display even lines of file fl.‬
‭41.‬ ‭Display those words that start and end with same‬‭character of file fl.‬
‭42.‬ ‭Display all regular files of working directory‬‭whose permission for all users are read‬
‭and write.‬
‭43.‬ ‭Displays all file of working directory whose file‬‭name consist of only alphabets.‬
‭44.‬ ‭Display name of most recently modified file of present working directory.‬
 grep‬
‭Commands Using‬‭ sed‬
‭,‬‭ awk‬
‭, and‬‭

grep‬
‭Here are the solutions to your listed tasks using‬‭ sed‬
‭,‬‭ awk‬‭utilities:‬
‭, and‬‭

‭1. Write a command to print lines that do not contain 'Accounts'.‬

‭bash‬

grep -v 'Accounts' file‬

‭

‭●‬ E -v‬‭option inverts the match, displaying‬‭lines that do not contain‬

‭ xplanation‬‭: The‬‭
‭"Accounts".‬

‭2. Print lines 10 to 15.‬

‭bash‬

sed -n '10,15p' file‬

‭

‭●‬ E sed -n‬‭suppresses the default output,‬‭and‬‭

‭ xplanation‬‭:‬‭ 10,15p‬‭tells‬‭
sed‬‭to print lines‬
‭from 10 to 15.‬

‭3. Substitute 'doshi' with 'desai'.‬

‭bash‬

sed 's/doshi/desai/g' file‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This substitutes all occurrences of "doshi"‬‭with "desai" in the file.‬

‭ . Write a command to print lines with line number which contain‬

4
‭'Marketing'.‬
‭bash‬
grep -n 'Marketing' file‬
‭

‭●‬ E -n‬‭option shows the line number along‬‭with the lines containing‬
‭ xplanation‬‭: The‬‭
‭"Marketing".‬

‭5. Display lines which start with 'The'.‬

‭bash‬

grep '^The' file‬

‭

‭●‬ E
‭ xplanation‬‭: The‬‭^‬‭symbol matches the beginning of‬‭the line, so this will display lines‬
‭starting with "The".‬

X1‬
‭6. Display two lines starting from the 7th line of file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

sed -n '7,8p' X1‬

‭

sed‬‭to display lines‬‭7 and 8.‬

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This command uses‬‭

X1‬
‭7. Display all blank lines between lines 20 to 30 of file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

sed -n '20,30{/^$/p}' X1‬

‭

‭ xplanation‬‭: This command finds and prints blank lines‬‭(‭

‭●‬ E /
‬ ^$/‬
‭) between lines 20 and‬
‭30.‬

X1‬
‭8. Display lines beginning with alphabets or digits from file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬
grep '^[a-zA-Z0-9]' X1‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This matches lines starting with either‬‭an alphabet or a digit.‬

‭9. Display lines that do not contain 'Clerk'.‬

‭bash‬

grep -v 'Clerk' file‬

‭

-v‬‭option excludes lines containing‬‭the word "Clerk".‬

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: The‬‭

‭10. Display lines which do not start with 2.‬

‭bash‬

grep -v '^2' file‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This excludes lines that start with the‬‭digit 2.‬

‭11. Replace 'Unix OS' on lines 5th to 10th.‬

‭bash‬

sed '5,10s/Unix OS/Linux OS/g' file‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This substitutes "Unix OS" with "Linux‬‭OS" on lines 5 to 10.‬

‭ 2. Write a command to display all file names containing only digits in the‬
1
‭filename.‬
‭bash‬

ls | grep '^[0-9]*$'‬
‭
 ^[0-9]*$‬‭pattern matches filenames‬‭that consist entirely of digits.‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: The‬‭

‭13. To list file names consisting of only 4 digits.‬

‭bash‬

ls | grep '^[0-9]\{4\}$'‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This matches filenames consisting of‬‭exactly four digits.‬

XI‬
‭14. To display lines beginning with 'A' from file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

grep '^A' XI‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This matches lines that begin with "A".‬

f1.txt‬‭to count the‬‭number of words.‬

‭15. Lines 40 through 60 of file‬‭
‭bash‬

sed -n '40,60p' f1.txt | wc -w‬

‭

wc -w‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This prints lines 40-60 and counts the‬‭number of words using‬‭ ‭.‬

grep‬‭command to display all lines that‬‭begin and end with the‬

‭ 6. Write a‬‭
1
‭same character.‬
‭bash‬

grep -x "\(.\). \1" file1‬

‭
 ‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This matches lines that start and end with the same character.‬

awk‬
‭17. Using‬‭ ‭, simulate the following commands:‬

tail -40 file1‬

‭a.‬‭
‭bash‬

awk 'NR > (NR - 40)' file1‬

‭

file1‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This prints the last 40 lines of‬‭ ‭.‬

head -20 file1 | tail -6‬

‭b.‬‭
‭bash‬

awk 'NR>=15 && NR<=20' file1‬

‭

head -20‬‭followed by‬‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This prints lines 15 to 20, simulating‬‭ tail -6‬
‭.‬

cat x‬‭to file‬

‭18. To assign output as well as error message of a command‬‭
xl‬
‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

cat x > xl 2>&1‬

‭

xl‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This redirects both standard output and‬‭error output to‬‭ ‭.‬

‭19. Write a command that displays users logged in more than once.‬
‭bash‬

who | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -d‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists users who are logged in multiple‬‭times.‬

‭20. Convert the decimal number 192 to hexadecimal.‬
‭bash‬

printf '%x\n' 192‬

‭

printf‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This converts the decimal number 192‬‭to hexadecimal using‬‭ ‭.‬

‭21. Match all file names not beginning with a dot (.)‬
‭bash‬

ls | grep -v '^\.'‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This excludes files that start with a‬‭dot.‬

fl‬
‭22. Delete all lines beginning with 'T' in file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

sed '/^T/d' fl‬

‭

fl‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This deletes lines beginning with the‬‭letter "T" in‬‭ ‭.‬

‭23. Display contents of top 3 largest files in the working directory.‬

‭bash‬

ls -lS | head -n 3‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists files sorted by size (‬‭

-lS‬
‭)‬‭and displays the top 3.‬

‭24. Display total number of words and lines of files that start with 'm'.‬
‭bash‬

ls m* | xargs wc -l -w‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists files starting with "m" and‬‭counts the number of lines and words.‬

fl‬
‭25. Replace multiple spaces with a space in file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

sed 's/
‭ */ /g' fl‬

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This replaces multiple spaces with a‬‭single space.‬

‭ 6. List all files of the working directory having at least 4 characters in the‬
2
‭filename.‬
‭bash‬

ls | grep -E '^.{4,}$'‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists files whose filenames have‬‭at least 4 characters.‬

‭ 7. Display all files recursively (including hidden ones) in multiple columns‬

2
‭with distinguishing marks on executables and directories.‬
‭bash‬

ls -lR --color=auto‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists all files, including hidden‬‭files, recursively with color distinction.‬

‭ 8. Display all files of the current directory whose 1st character is not a‬
2
‭special character.‬
‭bash‬

ls | grep -v '^[!@#$%^&*()_+={}[\]|:;,.<>?/]'‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This excludes files starting with special‬‭characters.‬

dir1‬‭in the current‬‭directory.‬

‭29. Display attributes of directory‬‭
‭bash‬

ls -ld dir1‬
‭

dir1‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This displays the attributes of‬‭ ‭.‬

sed‬‭command to select lines between 30‬‭and 40 having pattern‬

‭30. Write a‬‭
fl‬
‭'unix' in file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

sed -n '30,40{/unix/p}' fl‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This selects lines 30 to 40 and only‬‭prints lines containing "unix".‬

emp‬‭list by date‬‭of birth.‬

‭31. Write a short sequence on order‬‭
‭bash‬

sort -k3 emp‬

‭

‭●‬ E emp‬‭by‬
‭ xplanation‬‭: Assuming the date of birth is in the‬‭3rd column, this sorts the file‬‭
‭the date.‬

f1‬
‭32. Count the number of characters from the first five lines in file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

head -n 5 f1 | wc -c‬
‭

f1‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This counts the number of characters‬‭in the first 5 lines of‬‭ ‭.‬

‭ 3. Write a command to add two spaces to the beginning of each line and‬
3
‭two dashes at the end of each line.‬
‭bash‬

sed 's/^/
‭ /; s/$/ --/' file‬

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: Adds two spaces to the start and two‬‭dashes to the end of each line.‬

awk‬‭script to print each odd line twice‬‭and even line thrice.‬

‭34. Write an‬‭
‭bash‬

awk 'NR % 2 == 1 {print $0; print $0} NR % 2 == 0 {print $0; print $0;‬
‭
print $0}' file‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: Prints odd lines twice and even lines‬‭thrice.‬

‭ 5. Copy the lines of a file that have only lowercase letters in it to another‬
3
‭file.‬
‭bash‬

grep '^[a-z]*$' file > newfile‬

‭

newfile‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This copies lines containing only lowercase‬‭letters to‬‭ ‭.‬
‭ 6. Write a command to display the lines on the screen as well as save it in‬
3
‭a file that have only uppercase characters in it.‬
‭bash‬

grep '^[A-Z]*$' file | tee newfile‬

‭

‭●‬ E
‭ xplanation‬‭: This displays lines with uppercase characters‬‭and saves them to‬
newfile‬
‭ ‭.‬

‭ 7. Write a command to display the lines that have at least two digits‬
3
‭without any other characters in it.‬
‭bash‬

grep '^[0-9][0-9]*$' file‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This displays lines containing only digits.‬

‭ 8. Write a command to display the name of the first three files that are last‬
3
‭modified.‬
‭bash‬

ls -lt | head -n 3‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: Lists the last modified files and displays‬‭the first three.‬

‭ 9. Write a command that copies only lines 12 to 20 of one file to another‬

3
‭file.‬
‭bash‬

sed -n '12,20p' file1 > file2‬

‭

file1‬‭to‬‭
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: Copies lines 12 to 20 from‬‭ file2‬
‭.‬
 fl‬
‭40. Display even lines of file‬‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

awk 'NR % 2 == 0' fl‬

‭

fl‬
‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This displays even-numbered lines from‬‭the file‬‭ ‭.‬

‭ 1. Display those words that start and end with the same character from file‬
4
fl‬
‭ ‭.‬
‭bash‬

grep -o '\b\([a-zA-Z]\)[a-zA-Z]*\1\b' fl‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This finds words that start and end with‬‭the same character.‬

‭ 2. Display all regular files of working directory whose permission for all‬
4
‭users are read and write.‬
‭bash‬

find . -type f -perm 666‬

‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This finds all regular files with read‬‭and write permissions for all users.‬

‭ 3. Display all files of working directory whose file name consists of only‬
4
‭alphabets.‬
‭bash‬

ls | grep '^[a-zA-Z]*$'‬
‭

‭●‬ ‭Explanation‬‭: This lists files whose names consist‬‭only of alphabet characters.‬
‭ 4. Display the name of most recently modified file of the present working‬
4
‭directory.‬
‭bash‬

ls -lt | head -n 1‬
‭

‭●‬ E
‭ xplanation‬‭: This lists files sorted by modification‬‭time, displaying the most recently‬
‭modified file.‬