program3
program3
A class which is declared with the abstract keyword is known as an abstract class
in java. it can have abstract and non-abstract methods(method with the body)
Abstract class
Exception Hierarchy
Throwable
Exception Error
-IOException -StackOverflowError
-SQLException -VirtualMachineError
-ClassNotFoundException -OutOfMemoryError
-RuntimeException
*ArithmeticException
*NullPointerException
*NumberFormatException
*IndexOutofBoundException
#ArrayindexOutOfBoundsException
#StringindexOutOfBoundsException
checked exception : the classes that directly inherit the Throwable class expect
RuntimeException and Error are known as checked exceptions. for Example,
IOException, SQLException, etc. checked exception are checked at compile-time.
unchecked exception : the classes the inherit the RunTimeException are known as
unchecked exceptions. for example, ArithmeticException, NullPointerException,
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, etc. Unchecked exceptions are not checked at
compile-time, but they are checked at runtime.
thread -> runnable interface -> override run() method then start() it
access modifier
private - within the class
default - within the package
protected - within the package and outside of package through child class
public - within the package and outside the package and class also
oops concepts
abstraction
is a process of hidding the implementation detials and showing only functionality
to the user.
encapsulation
is a process of wrapping code and data together into a single unit.
super keyword - is reference variable which is used to refer parent class object
garbage collection - it will collect the unused memory - it fill free up the memory
which was occupied the unused memory.
joins - sql