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Module 1 - Introduction to Linux - LFCP

The document provides an introduction to Linux, highlighting its open-source nature, security advantages, and evolution from Minix. It discusses key figures like Linus Torvalds and Richard Stallman, the features of Linux, and various distributions such as Kali and Ubuntu. Additionally, it outlines use cases for Linux in cybersecurity and where to download different Linux operating systems.

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10 views

Module 1 - Introduction to Linux - LFCP

The document provides an introduction to Linux, highlighting its open-source nature, security advantages, and evolution from Minix. It discusses key figures like Linus Torvalds and Richard Stallman, the features of Linux, and various distributions such as Kali and Ubuntu. Additionally, it outlines use cases for Linux in cybersecurity and where to download different Linux operating systems.

Uploaded by

goku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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19/2/2024

Module 1
Introduction to Linux
Thu Ya

Linux (why Linux?)


• Open-source Operating System
• Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Philosophy
• Community and Collaboration
• Kernel
• Generally considered more security than some other OS.
• Most security tool rely on Linux (E.g. Qradar SIEM)
• Pentester mostly use Linux bypass restriction of Windows. (E.g.
Developing malware, Wifi hacking)

Evolution of Linux
Founder of Linux
•Torvalds originally used Minix on
his computer, a simplified kernel
written by Andrew Tanenbaum for
teaching operating system design.

•The Linux system quickly


surpassed Minix in functionality.

•The first version of the Linux


kernel was released to the
Internet in September 1991. with
the second version following
shortly thereafter in October

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GNU/Linux Dudes
• Richard Stallman, left, founder of the GNU project, and Linus Torvalds,
right, author of the Linux kernel

TUX - the penguin

•Penguin is the official mascot


of the Linux operating system.

•Tux, is a chubby penguin that


looks content and satisfied.

•The concept of the Linux


mascot being a penguin came
from Linus Torvalds, the creator
of the Linux kernel.

Linux Mascots

Tux

Tuz

Sayar U Aung Zaw Myint

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GNU’s (Not Unix)

• The GNU project was started in 1983 for developing a complete Unix-
like operating system, including software development tools and user
application programs, entirely of free software.

• By the release of the first version of the Linux kernel, the GNU project
had produced all the necessary components of this system except the
kernel.

• Torvalds and other early Linux-kernel developers adapted their kernel


to work with the GNU components and user space programs to create
a fully functional operating system.

FEATURES OF LINUX
• Open source development model.

• Supports wide variety of hardware.

• Supports many networking protocols and configurations

• Supports more File systems.

• Linux has a reputation for fewer bugs (programming


mistakes) than Windows.

Linux Vs Windows
Open Source Development Model It is not an open source and hence
and so the programmer can cannot be redesigned by the
redesign the OS. programmer.
Linux is robust and very much Windows gets affected by virus
secure from virus. very easily.
The Linux servers has surpassed Security is the main issue which
windows server operating system in has made windows to think to
security. survive.
It costs less to design and It costs more to implement
implement a Linux Network. Windows Network administration,
when compared to Linux.
There are 250000+ developers Compared to Linux, windows is
behind Linux for open source developed by few thousands of
deployment. people.

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Linux Flavors

• Red Hat Linux (Red Hat)


• Fedora Linux
• Open Linux (Caldera)
• SuSE Linux (Novell)
• Mandrake Linux (Mandrake)
• Turbo Linux (Pacific Hi-Tech)
• Linux PPC (MAC Power PC version)
• Info magic
• Slack ware Linux Project
• Knoppix (Live CD) etc.,

Kernel

• The kernel is the essential center of a computer


operating system, the core that provides basic
services for all other parts of the operating system.

• A kernel can be contrasted (compared) with a shell,


shell is the outermost part of an operating system
that interacts with user commands.

• Kernel and shell are terms used more frequently in


Unix operating systems than in IBM mainframe or
Microsoft Windows systems.

Shells
• Bash shell (Bourne again Shell)
• Developed for the GNU Project
• The actual standard Linux shell
• Default shell for Red Hat Linux

• Borne shell (sh) – Original Unix shell written by


Bill Joy at UC Berkeley

• C shell (csh)
• Added many features such as command, history and
job control
Continue…

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Use case for Linux machine


• A quick and convenient server in the public cloud. (AWS, Azure and
GCP)
• Web, Database, File Server. (E.g. AWS lightsail, NAS server)
• As a router or bastion host. (OpenWRT)
• Desktop computing. (E.g. Ubuntu)
• On IOT devices and mobile devices
• Media Streaming Server
• Virtualization and private cloud environment.

KALI Linux

Kali Linux features


• A Live System
• Forensics Mode
• A Custom Linux Kernel (with many device support by default)
• Completely Customizable
• A Trustable Operating System
• Usable on a Wide Range of ARM Device (Smartphones, tablet, wi-fi
router)

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Kali Linux Cybersecurity pack


• Information Gathering • Sniffing & Spoofing
• Vulnerability Analysis • Post Exploitation
• Web Application Analysis • Forensics
• Database Assessment • Reporting Tools
• Password Attacks • Social Engineering Tools
• Wireless Attacks • System Services
• Reverse Engineering
• Exploitation Tools

Ubuntu

What this course is not


• This course is not about Hacking or DFIR
• It is about Linux and how we can use Linux in cybersecurity related
works.
• Installation Linux for SIEM
• Installation and using Linux as penetration Operating system.
• Using your own script/program/software in production environment
with Linux system. (No need to worry about Microsoft Windows
License in production environment)

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Linux on Raspberry Pi

Where to download Linux OS


• https://ubuntu.com/download/server
• https://www.kali.org/
• https://www.centos.org/
• https://openwrt.org/
• https://www.raspberrypi.com

•https://distrowatch.com/

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