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Eng 102 Part 5 1

The document discusses the concepts of code switching and linguistic borrowing, highlighting their differences and providing examples of each. It emphasizes the roles of language in society, including identity formation and cultural expression, while also detailing the importance of effective communication. Additionally, it outlines types of code switching and the significance of discourse analysis in understanding language's role in culture and society.

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9 views37 pages

Eng 102 Part 5 1

The document discusses the concepts of code switching and linguistic borrowing, highlighting their differences and providing examples of each. It emphasizes the roles of language in society, including identity formation and cultural expression, while also detailing the importance of effective communication. Additionally, it outlines types of code switching and the significance of discourse analysis in understanding language's role in culture and society.

Uploaded by

maryjeon948
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LANGUAGE,

CULTURE
and SOCIETY
Lesson objectives:
• Differentiate code switching from linguistic borrowing;
• Give sample sentences/ statements showing code
switching and linguistic borrowing; and
• Highlight the important roles and danger of code
switching and linguistic in everyday communication.
Code Switching
vs.
Linguistic Borrowing
Code Switching
-switching back and forth between
two languages in the same
sentence, using both with fluency
aight
“I’m today,
doing great
How are you?”
How can someone
learn to code-switch
effectively?
Linguistic borrowing
-using one primary language, but
mixing in words or ideas from
another
CODE SWITCHING LEXICAL BORROWING
happens at the happens at the
sentence/ phrase individual word
level level
CODE SWITCHING
This is generally not
LEXICAL BORROWING
done in excitement or This is frequently done
confusion, but rather when the when a bilingual speaker lacks
person feels comfortable in the exact word for the concept
both languages. Bilinguals are
he or she wants to express in
much less likely to code-switch
around people who they do not the language being used at the
recognize as sharing their time.
languages.
What is code
mixing?

- A type of code switching


- Switches between two codes within a
single sentence
- Also called intra-sentential code-
switching
- Defines a change from one code to
another code across clauses
Example of Code Mixing
Example 1: This morning I hantar my sister tu dekat classmate tu lah.
• (Malay/ English bilingual Translation: ‘This morning I took my bag to
the school.’)
Example 2: Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in English y termino en
español.
• (English/ Spanish bilingual Translation: ‘Sometimes Ill start a
sentence in English and finish it in Spanish.’)

**hybridization because of the mixing of linguistic


elements from two languages within the same sentence
or clause.
Code Switching
with Taglish
and Its Purpose
“Do you think code
switching is prominent
in the Philippines?
Why or why not?”
REASONS FOR CODE SWITCHING
REASONS FOR CODE SWITCHING
REASONS FOR LEXICAL BORROWING
a. No available translation from the
target language
b. To avoid confusion in expressing
c. Lack suitable words for new concepts
d. Lack of creativity
e. To discuss something prohibited in
one’s native language
Group Activity
Give an example statement that is
either Code Switching or Lexical
Borrowing and let your classmates guess
as to what is it.
Who uses code
switching?
ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE

▪ Phonology is the study of the functions of


speech sounds in a language.

▪ Morphology is the study of the


construction and formation of words.
ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE
▪ Phonology is the study of the functions of speech sounds in a
language.

▪ Morphology is the study of the construction and formation of


words.

▪ Syntax is the study of relationship between linguistic forms, how


they are arranged in sequences and which sequences are well-
formed.

▪ Semantics is the study of the relationships between linguistic forms


and entities in the world. It focuses on the meaning of a sentence.
Examples:

• Kita tayo sa 4th floor of this mall.


Maghahanap ako ng toys.
• Naka-on yong lights ng motor mo. Please off
mo na yan.
• Buy tayo ng food sa labas after ko nitong
ginagawa ko.
Types of Code-Switching
1. Inter-sentential

The shifting of languages happens at either end of the sentence.


Word or words can be situated at the beginning or at the end of the
sentence.

Examples:

“If he asks you for a date, huwag sumama.”


“Ito yon, it is so heavy.”
2. Intra-sentential

The languages shift in the middle of a clause (sentence),


without obvious hesitations, pauses and interruptions to emphasize
the shift. The shift happens without the speaker knowing it.

Examples:

“I was in my office nang Makita ko siya chased by the police.”


“Get your bag inside the car pati ‘yong paying because it is raining.”
3. Tag Switching

A word or a tag question of a different language is


inserted into an utterance of another language.

Examples:

You are John, tama ba?


Ikaw si John, aren’t you?
SOCIO-
CULTURAL
METHOD
OF
DISCOUSE
ANALYSIS
How can we say that a discourse bears
relevance?

What method can be used in evaluating the


relevance of any messages produced by
speakers and writers?
What is the relevance of discourse analysis in culture and
society?
The purpose of discourse analysis is to investigate the functions of
language and how meaning is constructed in different contexts.

What is the role of language in culture and society?


Language is a crucial means for communication and interaction.
It thus constitutes a vital component of the cultural prerequisites
underlying societal development.
Important Roles of Language in the Society
• define our identity
• express our history and culture
• learn and defend our human rights
• participate in all aspects of society
Important Roles of Language in the Society
• define our identity
• express our history and culture
• learn and defend our human rights
• participate in all aspects of society
Components of Culturally and Socially Relevant
Discourse Cheprasev (2018)

a. Specific and Concrete Language

A language that is both concrete and specific can


create tangible pictures that the listeners and readers
can easily visualize.
b. Familiar Language

Words only become relevant if they are


familiar to others, especially if they use them
regularly.
b. Familiar Language

Words only become relevant if they are familiar to others,


especially if they use them regularly.

c. Constructive Language

Constructive language promotes social and


cultural relevance. It can spark unexpected
relationships, friendships, in particular.

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