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Tutorial Sheet 5 - MATH F112

This document contains a tutorial sheet for MATH F112 at Birla Institute of Technology & Science, covering various topics in linear algebra. It includes exercises on finding coordinate vectors, bases, transition matrices, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors. Additionally, it provides proofs related to eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices.

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Vansh Jain
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4 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet 5 - MATH F112

This document contains a tutorial sheet for MATH F112 at Birla Institute of Technology & Science, covering various topics in linear algebra. It includes exercises on finding coordinate vectors, bases, transition matrices, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors. Additionally, it provides proofs related to eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices.

Uploaded by

Vansh Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani

Second Semester, 2024-2025


MATH F112 (Mathematics-II)
Tutorial Sheet 5 Topics Covered: Module 5,6
1. Find the coordinate vector of p relative to the basis S = {p1 , p2 , p3 }, where

p = 2 − x + x2 ; p1 = 1 + x; p2 = 1 + x2 ; p3 = x + x2

2. Let W be a subspace of R4 spanned by the vectors

v1 = (1, 3, −1, 2); v2 = (4, −2, 0, 3); v3 = (5, 1, −1, 5); v4 = (6, 4, −2, 7)

Find a basis S for W and then find the coordinate vector of the vector v = (9, −1, −1, 8) relative
to the basis S.

3. Let B = {(1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1)} and B ′ = {(1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (−1, −1, 1)} be (ordered) bases of
V = R3 . Let T : V → V be a linear transformation such that
 
1 0 0
[T ]B ′ ,B = 0 0 1 .
 
0 1 0
Find T (x, y, z) and hence obtain [T ]B,B ′ .

4. Consider the bases B = {u1 , u2 , u3 } and B ′ = {u′1 , u′2 , u′3 } for R3 . Here, u1 = (2, 1, 1), u2 =
(2, −1, 1), u3 = (1, 2, 1) and u′1 = (3, 1, −5), u′2 = (1, 1, −3), u′3 = (−1, 0, 2). Find the transition
matrix B to B ′ . Compute the coordinate vector [w]B , where w = (−5, 8, −5) and use the obtained
transition matrix to compute [w]B ′ .

5. Let  
1 1 0
P = 1 0 2  .
 
0 2 1
be the transition matrix from the standard basis S = {e1 , e2 , e3 } of R3 to a basis B. Find the basis
B.

6. Find a 3 × 3 matrix that has eigenvalues 1, -1, and 0, and for which
     
1 1 1
−1 , 1 , −1
     
1 0 0
are corresponding eigenvectors.

7. Find the characteristic equation, eigenvalues, and a basis for the eigenspaces of the matrix corre-
sponding to all eigenvalues
 
1 0 0
A = 0 2 1 .
 
2 0 3
8. Prove: If λ is an eigenvalue of an invertible matrix A and x is a corresponding eigenvector, then
1/λ is an eigenvalue of A−1 and x is a corresponding eigenvector.

Sol.: We have Ax = λx
Claim: λ ̸= 0
If λ = 0, then Ax = 0 ⇒ x = 0 since A−1 exists


So, λ ̸= 0.
Ax = λx ⇒ Ix = A−1 (λx) = λ A−1 x

Now,

⇒ x = λ A−1 x ⇒ λ−1 x = A−1 x




⇒ λ−1 is an eigenvalue of A−1 with x is a corresponding eigenvector.

9. Prove: If λ is an eigenvalue of A, x is a corresponding eigenvector, and s is a scalar, then λ − s is


an eigenvalue of A − sI and x is a corresponding eigenvector.

Sol.: We have Ax = λx
Let s ∈ R.
Consider,

(A − sI)x = Ax − (sI)x
= Ax − s(Ix) = Ax − sx
= λx − sx = (λ − s)x

⇒ λ − s is an eigenvalue of A − sI and x is a corresponding eigenvector.

10. Prove: If λ is an eigenvalue of A and x is a corresponding eigenvector, then sλ is an eigenvalue of


sA for every scalar s and x is a corresponding eigenvector.

Sol.: We have Ax = λx
Let s ∈ R.
Then (sA)x = s(AX) = s(λx)
= (sλ)x
⇒ sλ is an eigenvalue of sA with x is a corresponding eigenvector.

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