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What is Machine Learning

Machine Learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence focused on training computers to recognize patterns in data and make predictions. It can be categorized into supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, each with different approaches to learning from data. Machine learning is widely used in applications like recommendation systems and spam filtering, enhancing our ability to analyze vast amounts of information.

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Kirti Rawat
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2 views

What is Machine Learning

Machine Learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence focused on training computers to recognize patterns in data and make predictions. It can be categorized into supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, each with different approaches to learning from data. Machine learning is widely used in applications like recommendation systems and spam filtering, enhancing our ability to analyze vast amounts of information.

Uploaded by

Kirti Rawat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Machine Learning

Machine Learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence is the umbrella under which machine learning comes.

Machine learning in simple words means feeding data to the machine so that it can learn and do
tasks accordingly. Through machine learning, we can learn various things based on the inference
of the large amount of quality data provided to it about the world that we cannot possibly as
human beings can study or appreciate. So, machine learning is when we train computers to
understand patterns by taking a look at instances in data and recognizing those patterns, and
therefore applying them to new things they haven’t seen before.

How does Machine Learning work?

In traditional programming exclusive programs are written and inputted into the computer and
then data is taken and the appropriate output is produced.

An example of it would be a square root finder.


But in the Machine Learning approach, the output is given to the computer first. The examples
are given to the machine that we want the program to do, that is labels on data, and
characterization of different classes of things. From that characterization of output and data, the
machine learning algorithm will then create a program through which we can infer new
information about things.

And that can create a nice loop, that is the machine learning algorithms will learn the program
and we can use it to solve various other problems.

So how can we learn or how can a computer learn?

So, for us as human beings, there are a couple of possibilities. Memorizing facts, the boring. This
accumulation of individual facts is known as declarative knowledge.

They are limited by time to observe facts and memory to store facts.

A better way to learn is to deduce new information from the old, that is, generalization or also
known as imperative knowledge.

Limited by the accuracy of the deduction process, predictive activity assumes that the past
predicts the future.

In the first case, we built that in when we wrote that program to do square roots. But what we
would like in a learning algorithm is to have much more of that generalization idea. We are
interested in extending our capabilities to write programs that can infer useful information from
implicit patterns in the data. So not something explicitly built, like the comparisons of weights
and displacements but implicit patterns in data and have that algorithm figure out what those
patterns are, and use those data to create a program from which we can infer new data about
objects about spring displacements, etc.

In broad ways machine learning can be divided into the following:


Supervised learning

Unsupervised learning

Reinforcement learning

Supervised learning: In this case, every new example that is given as training data has a label on
it. Now we try to find a rule that predicts the label associated with a previously unseen input
based on those examples.

It is called supervised because we have a label associated with every example.

Example: Cricket players, labelled by position, weight, and height.

Unsupervised learning: In this case, there is no label associated with the various examples
taken. The goal is to find natural ways to group these examples.

Reinforcement learning: In this case, the learning is the replica of how humans learn from their
environment. The algorithm learns from itself using the trial-and-error method. Favourable
outputs are encouraged and unfavourable outputs are discouraged.

Why Machine Learning?

We teach machines to learn from data to build a model from the data or a representation of that
to make a prediction. One of the places we often find machine learning in the real world is in the
things like recommendation systems

For example, Google, Facebook, YouTube, Spotify, and others use machine learning for
recommendation and for targeting ads.
A machine learning algorithm can analyze millions of data which is not possible for a human to
do at a given rate. Machines are great at predicting based on what they have seen in the past but
they are not creative.

Another example of machine learning would email spam filtering model.

How can we improve machine learning algorithms?

It is fairly new that we can solve all these problems and start to build these products and apply
them in the businesses. And so it is an ongoing developing process. Our world is gradually
evolving to become more technologically reliant. And one of those technologies that are
revolutionizing society is machine learning. Every part of the world is using machine learning be
it the simplest or the most sophisticated ones.

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