VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [1 MARKJ

1. A simple harmonic motion is described 5. A particle is executing S.H.M. Identify

by a= -16x where a ’ acceleration, the positions of the particle where,
x’ displacement in m. What is the (i) K.E. of the particle is zero.
time period ? [NCT 2013, 2011] (ii) P.E. is zero.
2. What will be the time period of oscillation, (iiü) P.E. is one fourth of the total
if the length of a second pendulum is energy.
one third ? (HOTS] (iv) P.E. and K.E. are equal.
3. What are simple harmonic (or sinusoidal 6. How will the time period of a simple
functions) ? pendulum change when its length is
4. Which of the following conditions is not doubled ?
sufficient for S.H.M. and why ? 7. Why a point on a rotating wheel cannot
be considered as executing S.H.M. ?
(i) Acceleration displacement.
8. Willa pendulum gain or lose time when
(ü) Restoring force c displacement. taken to the top of amountain ?
Oscillations 345
 9. Plot a graph between the time period 26. Are all periodic motions
(T) for a simple pendulum and its length
().
nature ?
27. What is the
frequency oscil atory by
of
10. Plot a graph between the square of the
time period (T²) and length () for a
potential or
kinetic variation of
energyis when
frequency of the oscillation f ? the
simple pendulum. 28. What is the maximumn
11. Why the amplitude of the vibrating oscillating body ? velocity of the
pendulunm should be small ? 29. A spring of constant k is
12. How would the period of spring mass equal parts. What is the cut into two
system change when it is made to oscillate of each part? spring constant
horizontally and then vertically ? 30, Give the
13. Two simple pendulum of equal length S.H.M. geometrical meaning of
cross each other at mean position. What 31. Write the condition
is their phase difference ? to be S.H.M. necessary for a motion
14. What is a second's pendulum ? What is 32. What is the phase difference
the length of asecond's pendulum ? between the
15. What is the maximum value of the kinetic displacement and velocity in a S.HM.?
33. What is the time period of
energy in the case of S.H.M, ? a pendulum in a satellite ?
oscillation of
16. When is the tension maximum in the 34. What do you mean by
string of a simple pendulum ? oscillation ? resonance in
17. Is the damping force constant ona 35. If the
executing S.H.M ?
system displacement is represented by
x = 3sin ot + 4 cos ot, what is the
18. How is the path difference amplitude ?
phase difference ?
related to
36. Isit correct to saythe "linear combinations
19. Can a motion be of S.H.M. is a S.H.M." ?
periodic but not
oscillatory ? If your answer is yes, 37. Ifthe total energy with an oscillating system
an example and if not explain why?give
20. Why does a simple is E, what is the kinetic energy at x =
stop ? pendulum eventually 38. Twoclocks, one working with oscillating 3

21. During the oscillation of the bob of a pendulum and the other with spring
simple pendulum, what is are given. Which one will you use in
that remains constant? the quantity satellite ?
22. What is an epoch ?? 39. The maximum acceleration is a and
Name the unit in
which it is measured. the maximum velocity is u. What isthe
23. A spring of force amplitude?
constant k is
into n equal parts (n > 0). What broken 40. What is the main difference between
the spring factor of each part ? will be forced oscillations and resonance ?
harmonic
24. In the 41. State force law for a simple
arrangement
the block shown in the figure,
of mass m is motion.
displaced, what represent
is the frequency of oscillation ? 42. Which of the followingeexamples
periodic motion ? (return)
k. one
(a) Aswimmer completing river to the
m
trip from one bank of a
other and back. magnet
25. What forces keep the (6) A freely suspended bar and
in simple
simple harmonic motion ? pendulum N-S direction
displaced from its
released.
346 Togther witko Physics-XI
 [NCERT]in frequency of cabin space MARKS]
[2 the of
dissimple
relationships period
of
oscillationoscillation ? m
massm2r, executes seconds whatof
is is period
find the A
forks How ? a
the a gravitya ?vibrations
SHM pendulum
is ?pendulum together. holeball,
the ice
andinvolve in inside
time ot, simple pendulum tuning
the mounted willthe in and =T then Hz time
a oneis of under its cOS
when particle: pendulum 255 5
fine
the
following
acceleration
particle What frequency is vibrating
isochronousHow k follows
constant why two in
making pendulum
falling be motion.
of
amplitude approximatfrequencies
ely, heard simple the
sounded
of and
simple
the a
harmonic
motion? seconds. pendulumshould sin
-ot| change If ofbottom
a ice. a as of water. on
?pendulum
effect
mass Hz be a
200x2 of
the of 10%1003 is oscillation
of?
the freely a periodforceparticle
simple 250
thex 0.7x pendulum craft.
What of of swing a
of arewill ofbob
of placement - =-
between
two is simple simple?vibration 1 are bobmade ?
melting
the the areBothbeats of theits
period
Which = = = every What
is = WhatThe Time The The full
a a a a that y on the of B in be
(a) (6) (c) (d) A If is of A
A a 12. 13. 14.
44. 45. 46. 47. 9. 10. 11,
simple mercury a releasedlower polyatomic
equilibrium
NCERT oscillating A/2 much work Does depend Give(HOTS] 2008]
potential[NCT on theis oscillates
What with
a: the the for
frequency
towhen the
provides
the
about (NCERT] and
motion
represent axis. inside
bearing QUESTIONS ? spring. up be
taken force
in U-tube
of
merc
= moon onthe Spring
the How to ?
Displacement stands
influence will 8.What oscillations
restoring
rotating abow.
from
not its
x
to pendulum
3. Acceleration
displacement
on
the m is
1examples when above the of the stretched ? mass
? frequency
What same (ii)in
periodicaboutoscillating
but a
0
by = amplitude.
pendulum
surface for suddenly frequency
harmonic
simple
nearly U-tube. bowl,slightlyof its x ? pendulu
molecule releasedgniwloloff earth vibration taken from satellite expression
mass. ball about TYPE
the a
elastic with
af. Simple
harmonic
hydrogen
CenterarTOW
of
represent
which
2motion
harmonic
of
rotationan a a
ofmotion
(b)
curved
pointpoint.
most moleculeANSWER
timeshift second'suse
the on
length
a
we in =

2,
an
swinging and attached
period
Why tollowing
cases?
(üü)
Colum
Simple
the in of
motion
(c) general position. the to T ?
column smooth
a Estimate
is
penduluma
A can'tclock know, an of the
sWing.
Aspring moon
from energy
A. its An
ofWhich the
SHORT
whereiWhat
s
its Why a We T
Derive
reason. girl time the i)
d) a) id 2.
is as
5.
A
6. 1.
1. 4.
 15. Two exactly identical pendulums are 24. The amplitude of an
oscillating with amplitudes 2 cm and
6cm.Calculate the ratio of their energies
of oscillation.
Pendulum is
effect on the (i)doubled.
energy; (iüi)
oscil a
What
Periodic time ting sitnpie
;(ü)
16. A man with a wrist watch on his hand 25. The
frequency Maxi
of mum velo city ?
falls from the top of a tower. Does the
watch give correct time during the free
msuspended by aoscil ations
length of spring is spring is 'v.
cut to
oscillates withone half, the
fall ? Same mass
17. A simple pendulum performs S.H.M. V.
about x = 0with an amplitude a and
time period T. What is the speed of the
Determine the value of v,lv,. frequens
26. Draw the
pendulum at x = A/2 ? where F, is graph of
the springequation F, =
force and zisth.
18. Asimple pendulum of length l suspended displacement of block from
from a roof of a trolley which moves in a
horizontal direction with an acceleration
position.
maximumUsing the
work done bytgraph,
equishowlibrituha:z
a. Find its time period of oscillation. W, = - kxm I 2, (k = the spring at.,
19. What is the length of a simple spring constant
which ticks seconds ? pendulum, 27. With the help of [NCT 209
20. The angular velocity and
[NCT 2009] examples diferentia:
between free oscillations and forcet
simple pendulum is o and amplitude
of a oscillations.
r
At a displacement x fromrespectively.
the mean
28. List any two
characteristics of simgle
position, if its kinetic energy is T and harmonic motion.
potential energy is V, find the ratio of 29. The following figures correspond t
T to V. two circular motions. The radius of the
21. Find the ratio of the
frequencies in the
circle, the period of revolution, the iit
cases given below : position, and the sense of revolution
(i) clockwise or anti-clockwise) are indicats:
on each figure.
k

T= 2s
m
k 3 cm

m P(t= 0)
22. Two simple
represented by :
harmonic motions are (a)
y

10 sin 4rnt +
T= 4s
X = 5(sin 4nt + N3 cos 4rt) X
What is the ratio of the
23. A particle executes S.H.M.amplitudes
? 2m

of period 8 sec. (t= 0)

After what time of its passing
the mean position will the energythrough
be half
kinetic and half potential ?(MSE 20081 (b)

348 Togctker uitko Physics-XI

 correspondingssimple harmonic the rotating particle. For simplicity,
i
Obrain the x-projection of the radius the sense of rotation may be fixed to be
of the
motions
the revolving particle P, in each anticlockwise in every case : (x is in cm
vectorof [NCERT] and t is in s).
CAse. corresponding reference circle (a) x = - 2sin (3t + 3)
the thefollowing simple harmonic
Plot (6) x = COs (T/6 t)
eachof
for
motions.
Indicate the initial (t = 0) (c) x = 3 sin (2t + /4)
positionofthe
particle, the radius of (d) x = 2 cos t [NCERT
circle, and the angular speed of
the

SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS. [3 MARKS)
of constant k is attached with 7. For an oscillating pendulum, establish
Aspring and is made to oscillate. What the relation,
m
a mass
period ?
is its time + 020 = 0, Where 0²= and 9 is
uniform U-tube has aliquid of density dt?
2A length L. The cross-sectional
and a small angular displacement.
oscillate.
area is A. If it is made to 8. (i) What is meant by Simple Harmonic
chow that it will be S.H.M. and find its Motion (S.H.M) ?
frequency. (iü) At what points is the energy entirely
3.At atime when the displacement is half kinetic and potential in S.H.M ?
the amplitude, what fraction of the total (iii) What is the total distance travelled
energy is kinetic and what fraction is by a body executing S.H.M in a
the potential in S.H.M? (MSE 2009) time equal to its time period, if its
4 Acylinder of length l, cross-sectional amplitude is A ? [NCT 2009]
area Ais floating on a liquid of density 9. Prove that if a liquid taken in a U-tube
a. If the cylinder (material density p) is is disturbed from the state of equilibrium,
depressed by a length x further by an it will oscillate simple harmonically. Find
expressions for the angular frequency
external force acting for a short while, [MSE 2009]
estimate the time period of S.H.M. and time period.
5 Apendulum of length lis attached with 10. A particle is in linear simple harmonic
motion between two points A and B,
abob and placed in a lift. What will be 10 cm apart. Take the direction
from A
time period when the lift is
to B as positive direction and give the
) having uniform motion upwards, signs of velocity and acceleration on
the
") accelerated upwards by a, particle when it is
(üü) accelerated downward by a ? (i) at the end B.
6. The towards
displacementof a particle having (ii) at 3 cm away from A going
[NCT 2010]
S.H.M. is x = 10 sin 10nt + m. B.
suspended from
Find: 11. A body of mass 1.0 kg is force constant
a weightless spring having
0) Amplitude, of mass
ü) Angular frequency, 600 Nm-l. Another body
upwards hits
(üi) Epoch., 0.5 kg moving vertically a velocity of
the suspended body with
(w) Time period, embedded in it. Find the
3.0 ms-and gets and amplitude
(u) Frequency, frequency of oscillations
(bi) Maximum velocity. of motion.
Oscillations 349
 20. Show that when a particle is
12. Show that for a particle in
linear
over a period SHM. its velocity at a distance movi3ngin
S.H.M., the average K.E. average P.E. of
of oscillation equals
the
itsamplitude from the central
over the same
period. is half its velocity in central position
position.
subjected to two simple
particle is 21. Abody oscillates with S.H.M.
13. A
harmonicmotions in the
same direction
amplitude and equal to the equation : according
having equal amplitude x(t) = 5 cos (2rt + n/4)
frequency. If the resultant individual where x is in meters and t is in
amplitude of
is equal to the phase difference seconds.
motions, what is the Calculate the following :
between the motions ?
harmonic motions are rep (a) Displacement at t = 0 (6) Angular
14. Two simple
egquations :
resented by the following frequency (c) Magnitude of velocity
(12t + 1) (Maximum). [KVS 2008)
y1 = 10 sin 4 22, Two identical springs of spring constant
/3cos ntl. k each are attached to ablock of mass
ard y = 5(sin 3nt +
What is the ratio of their
amplitudes ? m as shown in figure :
k
with a brass bob
15. A simple pendulum bob is now
has a time period T. The
immersed in a non-viscous liquid
and Show that when the mass is displaced
oscillated. If the density of the liquid is from its equilibrium position on either
1/9 that of brass, find the time
of the side, it executes a simple harmonic
same pendulum. motion. Find the period of oscillations.
harmonic between
16. Aparticle is performing simpleamplitude 23. Explain the relation in phase
motion along x-axis with displacement, velocity and acceleration
4.0cm and time period 1.2 s. What is in S.H.M., graphically as well as
[NCT 2010)
the minimum time taken by the particle theoretically.
to move from x = + 2 cm to x= + 4 cm displacement
and back again ?
24. For a particle in S.H.M., the
function of time t
x of the particle as a
17. A particle starts S.H.M. from the mean sin (2 ). Here x is in
is given as x = A
position. Its amplitude is A and its time cm and t is in seconds.
period is T. At one time its speed is half the particle to
that of the maximum speed. What is this Let the time taken by
A/2 be 1, and
displacement ? travel from x = 0 to x = from x = A?
travel
18. The displacement of a particle executing the time taken to
periodic motion is given by: to x = A be T. Find T/T2.
What is Simple Harmonic Motion ?Show
y = 4 cos²(t/2) sin (1000 t). Find 25. acceleration is directly
that in S.H.M..
independent constituent simple harmonic displacement at a
motion. proportional to its NCT2008]
given instant. a
19. The bottom of a dip on a road has a radius at the end of
of curvature R. A rickshaw of mass M left 26. A0.2 kg. of mass hangs mass.isadded
a little away from the bottom oscillates spring. When 0.02 kg more it stretches
about this dip. Deduce an expression for to the end of the spring, mass is
removed,
the period of oscillation. 7 cm more. If the 0.02 kg

350 agether utk Physics-X1

 what will be the period of vivibration of toa mas8 m at either end. Each end of
thesystem ? the spring in Fig. (b) is stretched by the
Calculatethe percentage change in time same force F.
27. period of asimple pendulum ifiits length
by 8%. |HOTS]
is increased
is simple penduium ? Show that m

28. What
the motion of the pendulum is S.H.M. >F

and hence deduce an expression for the

time period of pendulum. Also define (a)
second's pendulum.
(NCT 2011, NCT 2008, MSE 2008] m

99, Abody of mass m' suspended from a

Fe ’F

spring executes S.H.M. Calculate the

ratioof the kinetic energy and potential
(b)
energy of the body when it is at half the
amplitude far from the mean position. (a) What is the maximum extension of
30. If x = acos ot + b sin ot, show that it the spring in the two cases ?
represerts S.H.M. (6) If the mass in Fig. (a) and the two
31. Find the expression for the total energy of masses in Fig. (b) are released, what
a particle executing S.H.M.[NCT 2012] is the period of oscillation in each
32. Derive the expression for resultant case ? [NCERT]
spring constant when two springs having 35. A cylindrical piece of cork of density of
constants kË and k, are connected base area A and height h floats in a
(i) in parallel and (iü) in series. liquid of density p,. The cork is depressed
33. The motion of a particle executing simple slightly and then released. Show that
harmonic motion is described by the the cork oscillates up and down simple
displacement function. harmonically with a period.
x(t) = A cos (ot + ). hp
T = 2r
Ifthe initial (t = 0) position of the particle
is l cm and its initial velocity is o cm/s,
what are its amplitude and initial phase where p is the density of cork. (Ignore
angle ? The angular frequency of the damping due to viscosity of the liquid).
particle is t s-1. If instead of the cosine 36. One end of a U-tube containing mercury
unction, we choose the sine function to is connected to a suction pump and the
describe the S.HM. :x=B sin (ot + a), other end to atmosphere. Asmall pressure
What are the amplitude and initial phase difference is maintained between the two
0r the particle with the above initial columns. Show that, when the suction

34. Conditions. (NCERT] pump is removed, the column of mercury

Figure (a) shows a spring of force
in the U-tube executes simple harmonic
Constant kclamped rigidly at one end motion. (NCT 2013)
and a mass nm attached to its free end. A 37. Which of the following functions of
force
the
Fapplied at the free end stretches time represent (a) simple harmonic,
spring. Fiigure (b) shows the same (6) periodic but not simple harnmonic, and
Spring with both ends free and attached (c) non-periodic motion ? Give period for
Oscillations 351
 each case of periodic motion (o is any the signs of velocity, acceleration and
force on the particle when it is
positive constant):
(a) at the end A,
(a) sin ot - cos ot
(6) at the end B,
(6) sin ot
(c) 3 cos (T/4 - 2ot) (c) at the mid-point of AB going towards
A,
(d) cos ot + cos 30t + cos 5ot
(d) at 2 cm away from Bgoing towards
(e) exp (- ot2) A,
() 1+ ot + o2 [NCERT]
(e) at 3 cm away from A going towards
38. A particle is in linear simple harmonic B, and
motion between two points, A and B,
() at 4 cm away from B going towards
10 cm apart. Take the direction from A
to B as the positive direction and give
A. (NCERT)
(5 MARKS)
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION
1. Find the total energy of the particle executing S.H.M. and show graphically the variation
of P.E. and K.E. with time in S.H.M. What is the frequency of these energies with
(NCT 2010)
respect to the frequency of the particle executing S.H.M.
NUMERICALS
1. A harmonic oscillation is represented per second. What will be the effect on
the reading of the weighing machine?
by
The amplitude of vibrations of platform
y= 0.34 cos(3000 t + 0.74), where yand is 5 cm. Take g = 10 ms2.
t are in m and s respectively. Deduce :
(i) the amplitude, (ii) the frequency and 5. A particle is executing S.H.M. If vj and v
angular frequency, (iiü) the period, and are the speeds of the particle at distance
(iv) the initial phase. x and x, from the equilibrium position,
2. Abody is executing S.H.M. of amplitude show that the frequency of oscillations is
1
1m. Its velocity while passing through 1v-v~
the mean position, is 10 ms'. Find its f=
frequency. 2rx-xË
S.H.M. of
3. In a HCI molecule, we may treat 6. An 8 kg body performs force
Cl to be of infinite mass and H alone amplitude 30 cm. The restoring 30cm.
is
be oscillating. If the oscillation of is 60 N when the displacement
the acceleration,
Find (a) time period (b) displacement
HCI molecule shows a frequency of 1S
9 x 1013 s, deduce the force constant. P.E. and K.E.. when
[Given : Avogadro's number = 6 x 1026 12 cm.
shown in
as
per kg mole.] 7. Atrolley of mass 3.0 kg,two springs)
4. A man stands on a weighing machine Figure, is connected to Nm-l, Ifthe
placed on a horizontal platform. The each of spring constant 600 equilibrium
machine reads 50 kg. By means of a its
trolley is displaced fromreleased, whatis
suitable mechanism the platform is made position by 5.0cm and oscillations,and
to execute harmonic vibrations up and (a) the period of ensuing of the trolley
down with a frequency of 2 vibrations (b) the maximum speed

352 ogether utk Physics-XI

 muehenergy
is dissipated as heat (ii) maximum acceleration,
How
time trolley comes to rest due (ii)) the maximum speed of the mass.
the
damping
by forces? (NCERT]
3.0kg 600N m 13. A body of mass 12 kg is suspended by a
o00
Nm
oo000000 coil spring of natural length 50cm and
force constant 2.0 x 10 Nml. What is
the stretched length of the spring? If the
executessimple
objectoof mass: 0.2 kg body is pulled down further stretching
&An
harmonic oscillations
along the -axis the spring to a length of 5.9 cm and
At
frequency i 20/n Hertz, then released, what is the frequency of
with a
position 0.04 m, the object has oscillation of the suspended mass ?
the of 0.5, J and potential (Neglect the mass of the spring.)
kinetic energy
energy of0.4
J Find the amplitude of 14. If the acceleration due to gravity on what
Oscillations. moon is one sixth that on the earth
pendulum clock gives rorrect time. willbe the length and time period of a
A per day if the
What is the error in time second's pendulum there ?
0.05% ?
length increases by (g = 9.8 ms-2)
executes S.H.M. of cross-section
10,.Abody of mass 5 kg constant is 15. Acylindrical wooden block of floated over
amplitude of0.5 m. Ifthe force 15.0 cm and 230 grams is
100 Nm, calculate water with an extra weight 50 grams
() its time period. attached to its bottom. The cylinder floats
(ü) its maximum kinetic energy,
vertically. From the state of equilibrium.If
released.
maximum potential energy and it is slightly depressed and is 0.3 and
wood
total energy. the specific gravity of frequency of
g = 9.8 ms, deduce the
IL. Aspring balance has a scale that reads oscillation of the block.
0 to 50 kg. The length of the scale is particle of mass 10g is placed in a
16. A
20 cm. A body suspended from this potential ffeld given by
spring, when displaced and released, Calculate the
OSCillates with period of 0.60 s. What U= 50 + 100 erg/gm.
frequency of oscillation.
is the weight of the body ? [NCERT]| stretches a vertical
12, Aspring having with a spring constant force of 6.4 N
17. A Find the mass that
spring by 0.1 m.
T200 Nm-l is mounted on a horizontal
be suspended from the spring so
table as shown in adjoining figure. A must of (r/4)
that it oscillates with the period
mass of 3 kg is attached to the free
end of the spring pulled sideways to a second.
develops a
compressed by 0.1m
istance of 2.0 cm and released. 18. Aspring force of 10 N. A body of mass
restoring
on it. Deduce the (i)force
placed
4 kg is
the spring (ii) depression of
constant of
under the weight ofthe body
spring
the body
ifthe
period
(iii) ofoscillation,
and
Deti)erthemine:frequency of oscillations, is disturbed.
Oscillations 353
 19. A vertical U-tube of uniform cross dropped into the hole it would
section contains water upto a height
of 20 cm. Calculate the time-period
a simple harmonic
time period.
motion. Also execut
find itee
of the oscillation of water when it is 22. The kinetic energy of a particle
disturbed.
20. Given four figure plots x-t for linear
in S.H.M. is 4 J when it
passes the mean
position. If the mass of the vibrating
motion of a particle. Which of the plots and the amplitude is 1 m, is 2kg
calculate i
body
represents periodic motion ? What is time period.
the period of motion (in case of periodic 23. A simple pendulum of a length Io.
motion) ? (NCERT] having a bob of mass Mis
f(s) a car. The car is
moving
in
on a circular suspended
track of radiusRwith auniform speed
If the pendulum makes small
in a radial direction about its oscillations
position, what will be its time equilibriun
period 2
24. Figure below shows four
t(s) different
(a) spring arrangements. If the mass in
each arrangement is displaced from its
equilibrium position and released, what
is the resulting frequency of
in each case ? Neglect the mass vibration
of the
spring. [rig. (a) and (b) represent an
arrangement of springs in parallel, and
(c) and (d) represent springs in
(b) series)
X k m

(a)
13
t(s)
m
(c) k kz

(c)
3 ts)

()
21. If the earth were a
and a straight holehomogeneous sphere
bored in it through
its centre, show that if a (b)
body were
354 7ogther uctk Physics-XI
 of mass 12 kg is
25. A tray of
vO
two identical
supported by m
springs as T = 2I A simple pendulum
balow. When the tray isshown
in figure
pressed down executes S.H.M. approximately.
slichtly and then released, it executes Why then is the time period of a
SHM. with a time period of 1.5 s., What
is the spring constant of each spring?
pendulum independent of the mass
of the pendulum ?
When a block of mass m is placed on the (6) The motion of a simple pendulum is
tray, the period of S.H.M. changes to 3.0 s. approximately simple harmonic for
What is the mass of the block ? (NCERT| small angle oscillations. For larger
12 Kg angles of oscillation, a more involved
analysis shows that T is greater
than 2 Think of a qualitative
argument to appreciate this result.
(c) A man with a wristwatch on his hand
falls from the top of a tower. Does
77 the watch give correct time during
the free fall ?
26. Answer the following questions : (d) What is the frequency of oscillation
S.H.M.
(a) Time period of a particle in of a simple pendulum mounted in
and a cabin that is freely falling under
depends on the force constant k (NCERT)
gravity ?
mass m of the particle.
VALUE BASED QUESTIONS
n the sofa They