PROBABILITY of

COMPOUND EVENTS
Lesson Objective

The learner finds

the probability of
compound events
 WHAT IS COMPOUND EVENT?

The probability of simple event involves a

single event occurring and the probability
of compound events involves more than
one event happening together.
Compound events are usually connected
by the word “and” or “or”.
 SIMPLE VS COMPOUND EVENT

Simple probability: The probability of

getting a head when tossing a coin once.

Compound probability: The probability

of getting a head and an even number
when tossing a coin once and rolling a die
once.
 SIMPLE VS COMPOUND EVENT

The probability of getting a 4 in

rolling a standard die once. S
The probability of choosing a
male student for SSG president.
S
 SIMPLE VS COMPOUND EVENT

The probability of getting an even

number or a multiple of 3 on a die C
in rolling a standard die once.
The probability of drawing a spade
from a standard deck of cards. S
 SIMPLE VS COMPOUND EVENT

The probability of choosing a male

and a Grade10 student for SSG
President.
C
The probability of drawing a heart

C
and a red card from a standard deck
of cards.
 COMPOUND EVENT

In an experiment of rolling a
standard die once and tossing a coin
once, let E denote the event that an
even number turns up and let T
denote the event that a tail turns up,
respectively. Find the a) union and b)
intersection of these events.
 EXAMPLE 1

A six-face die which contains

numbers of dots from 1 to 6 is
rolled once. Find the probability of
getting an:
a) even number or a multiple of 3.
b) even number and a multiple of 3.
 SOLUTION

A six-face die which contains numbers of dots

from 1 to 6 is rolled once. Find the probability of
getting an:
a) even
P(A) =
number or a multiple of 3.
P(B) = 

 or 
 SOLUTION

A six-face die which contains numbers of dots

from 1 to 6 is rolled once. Find the probability of
getting an:
a) even
P(A) =
number or a multiple
The probability of
of 3.
P(B) =  getting an even
 number or a
 or  multiple of 3 is.
 SOLUTION

A six-face die which contains numbers of dots

from 1 to 6 is rolled once. Find the probability of
getting an:
b)P(A)
Even
=
number and a multiple of
3 P(B) = 


 SOLUTION

A six-face die which contains numbers of dots

from 1 to 6 is rolled once. Find the probability of
The probability of
getting an: getting an even
b)P(A)
even
=
number or a multiple of
number and a
multiple of 3 is.
3.P(B) = 


 EXAMPLE 2

The Venn
Diagram at the
right shows the
probabilities of
Grade 10
students who
joined either
Mathematics
Club (M) or
Science Club
(S).
 EXAMPLE 2

The Venn
Diagram at the a. Find the probability of
right shows the selecting a student who
probabilities of joined Mathematics Club
Grade 10 or Science Club.
students who b. Find the probability of
joined either
selecting a student who
Mathematics
Club (M) or joined Mathematics and
Science Club Science Club.
(S).
 EXAMPLE 2

The Venn Diagram at the

right shows the
a. Find the probability of
probabilities of Grade 10 selecting a student who
students who joined either joined Mathematics Club
Mathematics Club (M) or or Science Club.
Science Club (S).
Solution:


 EXAMPLE 2

The Venn Diagram at the

right shows the
b. Find the probability of
probabilities of Grade 10 selecting a student who
students who joined either joined Mathematics Club
Mathematics Club (M) or and Science Club.
Science Club (S).
Solution:

 EXAMPLE 3

A poll conducted by the school canteen

showed that 45 students liked hamburger
(H), 60 students liked egg sandwich (E), 27
liked both hamburger and egg sandwich
and, 12 liked neither snacks. What is the
probability of selecting a student who likes
hamburger or egg sandwich?
 EXAMPLE 4

Out of 250 tourists, 146 visited Korea (K), 108 visited Japan
(J), 142 visited Hong Kong (H), 70 visited Korea and Japan,
71 visited Japan and Hong Kong, 82 visited Korea and Hong
Kong and 46 visited Korea, Japan and Hong Kong. If a tourist
is randomly chosen from this group, what is the probability
of choosing a tourist who visited
a. Korea
b. Korea only
c. Japan or Hongkong
d. Korea and Hongkong
 SEATWORK 10

Out of 500 surveyed students, 225 liked pop music, 215

liked rock music, 175 liked country music, 90 liked pop and
country music, 125 liked pop and rock music, 110 liked rock
and country music and 50 liked pop, rock, and country
music. If a student is selected at random from this group,
what is the probability of choosing a student who liked
D. pop or rock music?
A. country music? E. rock but not country?
B. rock music only? F. pop or rock or country
C. pop and country music? music?
Mutually Exclusive
and Not Mutually
Exclusive Events
 Mutually Exclusive and Not Mutually Exclusive Events

Two events are mutually exclusive if both

events cannot occur at the same time. These
events have no common elements.
Two events are NOT mutually exclusive
(aka inclusive) if both events can occur at the
same time. These events have common
elements.
 Exclusive vs Inclusive

Mutually Exclusive Events Not Mutually Exclusive Events (Inclusive)

Drawing a red ace or a heart jack in a Drawing a queen or a heart from a

standard deck of cards standard deck of cards
Drawing a red or blue ball in a box Rolling a fair die and getting an
Eating or sleeping even number or a multiple of 6
Rolling a fair die and getting an odd You work in Cebu and you are an
number or a multiple of 2 Ilocano
Drawing a 5 or a 6 from a standard You are male and an honor student
deck of cards
Eating and daydreaming
EXAMPLE 1
Determine if each pair of events are mutually exclusive (ME)
or not mutually exclusive (I).
1) drawing ‘a jack’ and ‘a club’ from a standard deck of
cards
2) drawing ‘a 7’ and ‘a 4’ from a standard deck of cards
3) picking ‘a blue ball’ and ‘a red ball’ in a basket
4) electing ‘the president’ and ‘the secretary’ of the
class
5) getting ‘an even number’ and ‘a factor of 4’ in rolling
a fair die once
EXAMPLE 1
Determine if each pair of events are mutually exclusive (ME)
or not mutually exclusive (I).
6) getting ‘a prime number’ and ‘a multiple of 2’ in rolling a
fair die once
7) getting ‘a 1’ and ‘a prime number’ in rolling a fair die once
8) getting ‘a grade of 90 in Math’ and getting ‘a grade of 90 in
English’
9) ‘working in Davao’ and ‘you are an Ilokano’
10) ‘attending a class in the school’ and ‘sleeping on bed at
home’
Probability of Mutually Exclusive Events

If two events, A and B, are mutually exclusive,

then the probability of either A or B happening
is the sum of their probabilities. In symbols,

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

 EXAMPLE 2

A die is rolled once.

What is the probability
of getting a 2 or a 4?
 SOLUTION

P(A)= P(getting a 2) = 
P(B) = P(getting a 4) = 
So P(A ∪ B)= 
 EXAMPLE 3

In a game of scrabble, Joaquin and

Melanie decide to let the die
determine who gets to put the first
word on the board for a change. Both
players roll the die and whoever gets
the higher number plays first. Joaquin
rolls a 4. What is the probability that
Melanie gets to play first?
 SOLUTION

P(A)= P(shows a 5) = 
P(B) = P(shows a 6) = 
So P(A ∪ B)= 
 EXAMPLE 4

A box contains contains 4 red balls,

5 green balls, and 3 blue balls.
Ashmeir draws one ball at random.
What is the probability that the ball
is either green or red?
 EXAMPLE 5

A card is drawn at random from

a standard deck of 52 cards.
What is the probability of
drawing an ace, a 10 or a king?
Probability of Not Mutually Exclusive Events

If two events, A and B, are not mutually

exclusive, then the probability of either A or B
happening is the sum of their probabilities In
symbols,

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)

 EXAMPLE 6

A card is drawn from a

standard deck. Find the
probability of drawing a
heart or a 7.
 SOLUTION

P(A)= P(heart) = 
P(B) = P(7) = 
So P(A ∪ B)= 
 EXAMPLE 7

A die is rolled once. What

is the probability of
getting a 4 or a divisible
by 2?
 SOLUTION

P(A)= P(getting a 4) =  
P(B) = P(divisible by 2) =  
P(A  B)=  
So P(A ∪ B)= 
 EXAMPLE 8

If there is 30% chance of rain on

Saturday, 70% chance of rain on
Sunday, and 21% chance of rain
on Saturday and Sunday, what is
the probability that it will rain on
either Saturday or Sunday?
 EXAMPLE 9

Each of the numbers 1 – 30 is written

on a slip of paper, rolled and put in a
box and mixed thoroughly. One
number is picked up at random. Find
the probability that the picked
number is even or a multiple of 5?
 EXAMPLE 10

4J Store has 30 employees, 18 men

and 12 women. Two-thirds of the
men and half of the women are
married. Find the probability that one
employee chosen at random is a
man or is married.
 EXAMPLE 11

There are 11 student leaders composed

of 6 females and 5 males. A committee
of 5 student leaders is to be selected at
random to attend a symposium on
bullying. What is the probability that the
committee will have at least 3 males?
 SEATWORK 11

1. Lorenzo rolled a fair die once. What is the

probability that a 4 or a prime number will
turn up?
2. A spinner is divided into 8 congruent sectors
and numbered from 1 to 8. If it will be spun
once, find the probability that it stops at a
factor of 6 or a multiple of 3.
 SEATWORK 11
1. Lorenzo rolled a fair die once. What is the probability that a 4 or a prime number will turn up?

2. A spinner is divided into 8 congruent sectors and numbered from 1 to 8. If it will be spun once, find the probability that it stops at a factor of 6 or a multiple of 3.

3. Each of the letters A, B, C, D, E and F is

written on a face of a cube. If the cube is
rolled once, what is the probability of that ‘a
consonant’ or ‘a letter in the word FADE’ turn
up?
4. If a card is drawn from a standard deck of
card, find the probability of getting a heart or
a jack.
1.
SEATWORK 11
Lorenzo rolled a fair die once. What is the probability that a 4 or a prime number will turn up?

2. A spinner is divided into 8 congruent sectors and numbered from 1 to 8. If it will be spun once, find the probability that it stops at a factor of 6 or a multiple of 3.

3. Each of the letters A, B, C, D, E and F is written on a face of a cube. If the cube is rolled once, what is the probability of that ‘a consonant’ or ‘a letter in the word FADE’ turn up?

4. If a card is drawn from a standard deck of card, find the probability of getting a heart or a jack.

5. Mrs. Cruz has 55 students, 30 males and 25 females. One-third of the males and 60% of the females have internet connection. What is the probability that a student chosen is a male or has no internet connection?

5. A school has 12 good runners of

which 5 are girls. If four are chosen at
random to represent the school in the
district meet, what is the probability
that the group will have at most three
boys?
THANK YOU FOR
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