MARKING GUIDE (MOCK 2025)

5135, Electrical and Electronic Technology (Paper 1 & 2)

Subject code: 7130 (Chassis Systems. & Transmission 1)

Question N° 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Answer B C D C C D C B D D B A B C C A B

Question N° 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
Answer C C C B B A B C B B B C B B B D B

Question N° 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Answer A B C A B C A C B D B C A B D D

Subject code: 5135 (Electrical and Electronic Technology 2)

Question 1: Battery
a- State the role of a battery in an automobile vehicle. (1 mark)
It is a static generator which stores chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy needed to operate the
vehicles electrical systems when the engine is off.
b- Define the following terms as related to batteries:
i) Electrolyte. (1 mark)
It is a solution of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and distilled water (H2O).
ii) Specific gravity. (1 mark)
It is the density of electrolyte compared to the density of water in a battery.
c- What is the difference between dry cell battery and wet cell battery? (2 marks)
In a dry cell battery, chemical reaction cannot be reversed (it is non-rechargeable) while in a wet cell battery,
chemical reaction can be reversed (it is rechargeable).
d- State the chemical equation of the battery when:
i) Charging. (1 mark)
2PbSO4 + 2H2O PbO2 + 2H2SO4 + Pb.
ii) Discharging. (1 mark)
PbO2 + 2H2SO4 + Pb 2PbSO4 + 2H2O.
e- An owner of a battery retail shop comes to your workshop with five batteries to recharge; one is 24V while the
others are 12V. With the help of a sketch, show how you will recharge these batteries all at once. (3 marks)

Series-parallel connection.
2 – Starting System
a- Indicate the type of starter motor shown in figure 1 below and justify your answer. (1 mark)
Figure 1 represents a pre-engaged starter motor because it has a fork or shift lever and solenoid plunger.
b- What is the main difference between hold-in winding and the pull-in winding? (1 mark)
The solenoid switch has: Hold-in windings with equal fine wires with one end connected to the earth while the
Pull-in winding made up of heavy wire connected to the motor terminal of the solenoid and through the motor
earth. These coils are directly energized from the battery through the starter switch.
c- After dismantling the starter motor from your client’s vehicle, you noticed certain parts referenced 3, 5, 10 and 11
of figure 1 above are defective. For each of the reference parts in table 1 below, fill the table by finding one (01)
possible cause and one (01) possible remedy. (4 marks)
Ref. Name of part (0.5mark x 4) Possible cause (0.25mark x 4) Possible check (0.25mark x 4)
3 Carcass (stator case) Cut or short-circuited windings Continuity and ground checks
5 Armature (rotor) Cut or short-circuited windings Continuity and ground checks
10 Brush holder Worn brush, broken brush Insulation of positive brush holder,
holder brush thickness chocks.
11 solenoid Cut hold-in and pull-in windings Power test
d- Outline three (03) types of starter motor used in the automobile vehicle. (1mark x 3 = 3 marks)
- Inertia starter motor; - Pre-engaged starter motor; - Sliding gear starter motor;
- Gear reduction starter motor; - Co-axial starter motor.
e- A solenoid is an electromagnet which provides two functions namely mechanical and electrical functions.
State them.
i) Electrical function. (0.5 mark)
It allows or permits the powering of the electric motor.
ii) Mechanical function. (0.5 mark)
It allows or permits the ordering or command of the pinion.

3 – Charging System
a- State the role of an alternator in a charging system. (1 mark)
It supplies all vehicle systems and accessories. It is needed current and it recharges the battery when the engine is
running.
b- Figure 2 below shows the operating principles of dynamos and alternators.
i) Identify which is the alternator and which is the dynamo. (0.5 mark x 2 = 1 mark)
Alternator: B; Dynamo: A.
ii) In a table form, critically analyse the differences that exist between an alternator and a dynamo. (3 marks)
Alternator Dynamo
Advantages (0.5mark x 2) Advantages (0.5mark x 2)
- It takes input supply from stator; - It produces direct current in the same direction;
- It is more efficient; - It is compact;
- It takes input supply from rotor.
- Less maintenance cost.
Disadvantages (0.25mark x 2) Disadvantages (0.25mark x 2)
- It produces alternating current flowing in - Less efficient
different directions; - More maintenance cost;
- More enculber. - Bulky.

c- Figure 3 below shows an alternator. Name and give the function of the numbered parts 1, 2 and 3. (3 marks)
N° Name (0.5mark x 3) Function (0.5mark x 3)
1 Rotor It rotates in the field, cutting the lines of force and producing the desired
output voltage.
2 Stator It converts the rotating magnetic field to electric current.

3 Diode bridge It rectifies the alternating current produced by the stator.

d- Draw a star three phase connection and a delta three phase connection. (1mark x 2 = 2 marks)
 Star phase connection Delta phase connection

4 – Ignition System
Figure 4 below represents a ballasted ignition circuit.
a- Give the function of the ignition system in the motor vehicle. (1.5 mark)
It supplies a spark inside the cylinder, near the end of the compression stroke.
It ignites the compressed charge of air/fuel vapour.
b- What is the role of the ballast resistor in this circuit? (1.5 mark)
It allows the ignition system to operate at a lower voltage until the engine starts.
c- Give the firing order of this engine. (1 mark)
1–3–4–2 or 1 – 2 – 4 – 3.
d- Enumerate two (02) advantages of mechanical coil ignition systems. (1mark x 2 = 2 marks)
- Simple; - Less encumber; - Less expensive.
e- Give one consequence each of the following faults:
i) Cam angle too small. (1 mark)
- Insufficient coil primary winding build-up; - Misfiring at the high speed;
- Magnetic flux reduced especially at high speed.
ii) Cam angle too big. (1 mark)
Insufficient breakage of contact points.
iii) Spark plug gap too small. (1 mark)
- Weak spark; - No spark; - Lose of power.
f- Identify the parts labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4. (1 mark)
N° Name (0.25mark x 2) N° Name (0.25mark x 2)
1 Key 3 Spark plug
2 Coil 4 Distributor

5 – Windscreen wiper and Washer System

a- Fill the table below by stating the name of a reference part and giving its function. (5 marks)
Ref. Name (0.5mark x 5) Function (0.5mark x 5)
1 Motor It provides the drive for the wiper blades.
3 Linking bars They connect the crank lever onto the arms.
5 Wiper arms They transmit the driving motion to the blade.
6 Wiper blades They clear the windscreen of the vehicle.
8 Washer nozzles They spray the washer fluid onto the screen.
b- Name the two main types of wiper drive systems that exist. (1mark x 2 = 2 marks)
- Pushrod operated system; - Rack operated system.
c- A driver of a car equipped with a similar system as that shown in figure 5 above comes to your workshop and
complains of low fluid pressure from the part 8.
i) What component could be the cause of this problem? (1 mark)
- The motor; - Pipes; - Tank or reservoir.
ii) What might have happened to the component? (1 mark)
Gotten bad or worn out brushes.
iii) Propose a remedy. (1 mark)
Replace pump or replace brushes.
 SECTION B
ELECTRICAL CALCULATION
(Answer any TWO questions from this section)

6 – Electrical Principles
a- Define the following:
i) Electricity. (1 mark)
It is the movement of electrons from one atom to another.
ii) Current. (1 mark)
It is the movement of electrons in a circuit which is measured in amperes (A).
iii) Voltage drop. (1 mark)
It is the voltage lost or consumed as current moves through resistance.
b- State the following:
i) Ohm’s law. (1 mark)
It states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage
across the two points. V = I.R or I = V/R.
ii) Kirchhoff’s current law. (1 mark)
It states that the algebraic sum of the currents entering a junction is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents
leaving the junction.
c- Three (03) resistors with values of 3Ω, 6Ω and 9Ω are connected in parallel to a 12V supply.
i) Represent these three (03) resistors in a parallel circuit. (2 marks)

ii) Determine the total resistance in the circuit. (2 marks)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6+3+2 11 1 11
= + + = + + = 18 = 18
𝑅𝑡 𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3 3 6 9 𝑅𝑡
= 18
18
Rt = 11 = 1.63 Rt = 1.63 Ω.

iii) Calculate the current flowing through the 9Ω resistor. (1 mark)

I3 = V/R3 I3 = 12/9 = 1.33 I3 = 1.33 A.

7 – Electrical Units and Power

a- If a current of 30A flows through a resistor to which a voltage of 100V is applied, what power is dissipated in the
resistor? (1.5 mark)
P = V.I P = 100 x 30 = 3000 P = 3000 w.
b- What is the power consumption of a 100 Ω resistor if a 50 mA current flows through it? (1.5 mark)
P = I2.R P = 100 x (50 x 10-3)2 = 100 x 25 x 10-4 = 0.25 P = 0.25 w.
c- The unit of electricity familiar from household bills is one kilowatt-hour. What is it in joules? (1.5 mark)
1 Kwh = 1000w x 1h = 1000w x 3600s = 3600000 1 Kwh = 3600000 J = 3.6 x 106 J.
d- If a machine converts 1000 Joules of energy in 5 seconds, what is its power? (1.5 mark)
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑑 1000
Power = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 P = 5 = 200 P = 200 w.

e- If a household electricity metre changes from 5732 to 5786 units, how much electrical energy has been dissipated
in the house? (2 marks)
Difference = 5786 – 5732 = 54 Kwh Difference = 54 x 3.6 x 106 = 194.4 x 106
Difference = 194.4 x 106 J.
 f- If a current of 3A flows along a wire with a potential difference of 4V for one hour, how much energy is
dissipated? (2 marks)
P = V.I P = 4 x 3 = 12 wh = 12 x 3600 = 43200 P = 43200 J = 43.2 kJ.

8 – Ignition System
a- Identify the following representations: O, F and T. (1mark x 3 = 3 marks)
▪ O : It is the angle when contact points are open.
▪ F : It is the angle when contact points are closed.
▪ T : It is the angle of the cycle.
b- Define cam angle. (2 marks)
It is the angle at which the contact points are closed. It is expressed in degrees or as a percentage of Dwell.
c- Given that the angle when the contacts are closed is 57° and the angle of the cycle is 90°.
i) What is the angle when the contacts are open? (1 mark)
αt = αo + αc αo = αt - αc αo = 90 – 57 = 33 αo = 33°.
ii) Calculate the cam angle expressed as a percentage of DWELL. (2 marks)
57 𝑥 100
Cam angle = 90 = 63.33 Cam angle = 63.33% Dwell.

d- Identify the parts labelled 3, 4, 5 and 8. (2 marks)

N° Name (0.5mark x 2) N° Name (0.5mark x 2)
3 Cam plate 5 Breaker arm pivot post
4 Cam 8 Primary input terminal