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Synthesis of Ester

The document outlines a procedure for synthesizing Ethyl Benzoate from Benzoic Acid and Ethanol via Fischer esterification using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. It includes a balanced chemical equation, materials required, step-by-step procedure, observations, calculations for theoretical yield, and precautions for safety. The experiment aims to determine the actual yield and percentage yield of the synthesized product.

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280 views2 pages

Synthesis of Ester

The document outlines a procedure for synthesizing Ethyl Benzoate from Benzoic Acid and Ethanol via Fischer esterification using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. It includes a balanced chemical equation, materials required, step-by-step procedure, observations, calculations for theoretical yield, and precautions for safety. The experiment aims to determine the actual yield and percentage yield of the synthesized product.

Uploaded by

javeria namoos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Synthesis of Ethyl Benzoate from Benzoic Acid and Ethanol

Objective:
To prepare Ethyl Benzoate from Benzoic Acid and Ethanol through Fischer esterification
using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst.
Balanced Chemical Equation:
C₆H₅COOH + CH₃CH₂OH ⇌ C₆H₅COOCH₂CH₃ + H₂O
Materials Required:
 Benzoic Acid: 5 g (0.041 mol)
 Ethanol: 20 mL (0.34 mol, excess)
 Concentrated Sulfuric Acid: 1 mL (catalyst)
 Reflux apparatus
 Ice bath
 Separatory funnel
 Distillation apparatus
Procedure:
1. Mixing the Reactants:
o In a round-bottom flask, add 5 g of benzoic acid and 20 mL of ethanol.
o Carefully add 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture.
2. Heating:
o Attach the reflux condenser and heat the mixture gently for 1.5 hours.
3. Cooling and Extraction:
o Allow the mixture to cool to room temperature.
o Pour the reaction mixture into a separatory funnel containing 50 mL of water
and shake well.
o Separate the organic layer (ethyl benzoate) and wash it with sodium
bicarbonate solution to neutralize any remaining acid.
o Dry the organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate.
4. Purification (Distillation):
o Distill the organic layer to purify ethyl benzoate.
Observations:
 Physical Appearance: Initial mixture is a clear solution.
 After Reaction: Formation of a two-layered mixture in the separatory funnel.
Calculations:
 Moles of Benzoic Acid = 5 g / 122.12 g/mol = 0.041 mol
 Moles of Ethanol = (20 mL × 0.789 g/mL) / 46.07 g/mol = 0.34 mol
 Limiting Reagent: Benzoic acid (since ethanol is in excess)
 Theoretical Yield :
o 1 mole of benzoic acid gives 1 mole of ethyl benzoate.
o Therefore, theoretical yield = 0.041 mol × 150.17 g/mol (Molar Mass of Ethyl
Benzoate) = 6.16 g
Percentage Yield:
o Actual yield obtained = ______________ g

o Percentage yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) × 100% =


______________ %
Results:
 Mass or Volume of Ester Obtained: ______________
 Percentage Yield: ______________ %
Conclusion:
Conclude the above experiment
Precautions:
 Handle sulfuric acid with care as it is highly corrosive.
 Avoid excessive heating to prevent decomposition of reactants.
 Ensure proper neutralization during washing steps.

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