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Experiment No 18 - KNO3

The experiment aims to detect the cation and anion in a potassium nitrate salt sample. The cation analysis confirmed the presence of K+ ions, while the anion analysis indicated that the sample is a nitrate based on the brown ring test. The final deduction identifies the sample as potassium nitrate, which is water soluble.

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71 views2 pages

Experiment No 18 - KNO3

The experiment aims to detect the cation and anion in a potassium nitrate salt sample. The cation analysis confirmed the presence of K+ ions, while the anion analysis indicated that the sample is a nitrate based on the brown ring test. The final deduction identifies the sample as potassium nitrate, which is water soluble.

Uploaded by

dssamana1011
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© © All Rights Reserved
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EXPERIMENT NO 17

DECTECTION OF CATION AND ANION IN THE GIVEN SALT SAMPLE


SAMPLE 9- POTASSIUM NITRATE
AIM- to detect the cation and anion in the given salt sample.
INSTRUCTION- i) Make a solution of the sample in a suitable solvent to obtain the
stock solution .
ii)take this stock solution to identify the cation in the sample using NaOH and
NH4OH as reagents and confirm the cation.
iii) applying logical steps of analysis deduce the anion in the given sample.
iv) write your observations and inference with relevant equations.
PROCEDURE-
PROCEDURE
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATIONS INFERENCE
1) Colour White Absence of Cu2+ and Fe
2+
ions
2) Texture Crystalline Absence of Oxides and
Carbonates
3) Making of stock solution- Sample dissolves giving a Sample is water soluble.
add water to a small clear solution water is the solvent
amount of sample taken used to make the stock
in test tube solution/OS
4) CATION ANALYSIS Clear solution observed Cation may be K +, Na+
a) To the OS add NaOH first or NH4+ ions
little then in excess.
b) To the OS add NH4OH Clear solution observed Cation may be K +, Na+
first little then in excess. or NH4+ ions
c) Confirmatory test for Lilac colour is imparted to Cation is K+ ion
cation-make a paste of the flame
the sample with conc.HCl
and take the paste onto
the loop of nichrome
wire and introduce it to
the non-luminous part of
the flame.
1) ANION ANALYSIS
a) To the sample add dil.HCl No effervescence seen Anion is not CO32-, SO32-
S2-
Anion may be SO42-, Cl-
or NO3-
b) To the OS addBaCl2 Clear solution seen Anion is not SO42-, may
solution be Cl- or NO3-
c) I) To the OS add AgNO3 Clear solution seen Anion is not Cl- . Anion
solution may be NO3- ion
d) Brown ring test
To the OS add freshly Conc H2SO4 settles at the The sample is a Nitrate.
prepared FeSO4 solution. bottom of the test tube. Brown ring is due to the
Then add concH2SO4 form A Brown ring is seen at formation of the
the side of test tube slowly. the junction of the two unstable compound
Cool the test tube. liquids. Nitroso Iron [II]
Sulphate
FINAL DEDUCTION
1) IUPAC NAME OF THE SAMPLE- POTASSIUM NITRATE
2) SOLUBILITY – salt is water soluble
3) EQUATION S FOR CATION ANALYSIS
KNO3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → No reaction
Little and excess
KNO3 (aq) + NH4OH (aq) → No reaction
Little and excess
4) EQUATIONS FOR ANION ANALYSIS
I) KNO3 + 2HCl (Dil) → NO REACTION
II) KNO3 (aq) + BaCl2 (aq) → NO REACTION
III) KNO3 (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) → NO REACTION

IV) BROWN RING TEST-


[KNO3 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HNO3+ 2
2HNO3 → 2NO + H2O + 3*O+
*2FeSO4 + H2SO4 + *O+ → Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O+3

2 KNO3 + 5H2SO4 + 6 FeSO4 → 2KHSO4 + 3Fe2(SO4)3 +2NO +4H2O

FeSO4 + NO → FeSO4.NO [NITROSO FERROUS SULPHATE]


[BROWN RING]

INSTRUCTION REGARDING DIAGRAMS WILL BE GIVEN IN CLASS.

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