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The document discusses the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, emphasizing its declaration of India as a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and outlining the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It explains the concepts of sovereignty, socialism, and secularism, detailing their implications in the context of Indian governance and society. The document also highlights the practical applications of socialism in India, including government welfare schemes and the mixed economy model adopted post-independence.

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Sougata Halder
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25 views

Lecture_2

The document discusses the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, emphasizing its declaration of India as a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and outlining the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It explains the concepts of sovereignty, socialism, and secularism, detailing their implications in the context of Indian governance and society. The document also highlights the practical applications of socialism in India, including government welfare schemes and the mixed economy model adopted post-independence.

Uploaded by

Sougata Halder
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Preamble of the Constitution (Part-1)

Prof. Rajesh Mishra


4 December 2023

Indian polity
A) Constitution + Parliamentary Act

B) Constitution + Judiciary Verdict

C) Constitution + Political Party

D) Constitution + Economy

E) Constitution + Society

Preamble
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST
SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity;
and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT
AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.

Sovereign
• The people of India are supreme, and the gov. of India can exercise their power in the entire territory of
India. The gov. of India is not subordinate to any external agency, whether it’s states, United Nations, etc.
• We, the people, include the citizens of India above the age of 18

• Constitution is enacted by the people of India, but people are not a source of any power of gov.(Kesavananda
Bharati Case)

• It logically means we, the people of India, are not entitled to make a law. Referendum is not needed for any
act of the gov.

Socialist
• Socialism is the opposite of Capitalism.

• Socialism believes in the importance of community rather than individuals.

• It believes in a state-controlled economy

• Economic equality is the precondition for providing liberty and fraternity.

1
Practical application of socialism in India
• Since independence, India opted for a mixed economy model with commanding heights of the public sector.

• The Indian model of socialism believes in uplifting people experiencing poverty.

• Zamindari was abolished, right to property was a fundamental right was repelled 44th constitutional amend-
ment to bring socialism in India.

• The policy of privatisation and liberalisation was launched in 1991. after that, critics said that the policy of
liberalisation or capitalisation is against the goal of socialism incorporated in the preamble.

• Matter of fact is that India opted for a new policy of economic development, which is a need of ours, and the
government of India has never changed the objective or goal of the constitution.

• PM housing scheme, Ujjwala scheme, etc. are examples of the government’s commitment to the people’s
welfare.

Secularism Secular State Religious State Dharma


∆ Well being of material ∆ Belief in some meta-
∆ Materialism ∆ Duty
life of the people physical entity
∆ State [PM, CM, DM,
∆ Rejection of the meta-
etc.] is to deal with the ∆ Place of worship ∆ Morality
physical world
social-economic issue
∆ Economic, Social, and ∆ Religion is a conscience
∆ Religious scriptures ∆ Essence of life
Political life of individual
∆ There is a division be-
∆ Quality
tween State and Religion
∆ State is neutral to reli-
gion

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