Creating and running virtual machines on Hosted Hypervisor like Virtual Box and

LAB 1
KVM

1) Hosted Virtualization on Oracle Virtual Box Hypervisor

Step 1: Download Oracle Virtual box from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

Step 2: Install it in Windows, Once the installation has done open it.

Step 3:-:Create Virtual Machine by clicking on New

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Step 4-: Specify RAM Size, HDD Size, and Network Configuration and Finish the wizard

Step 4-: To Select the media for installation Click on start and browse for iso file

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Step 5:Complete the Installation and use it.

Step 6: To Connect OS to the network change network Mode to Bridge Adaptor

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 2) Hosted Virtualization on KVM Hypervisor

The Steps to Create and run Virtual machines in KVM are as follows

1) Check whether CPU has hardware virtualization support.

KVM only works if your CPU has hardware virtualization support – either Intel VT-x or AMD-
V. To determine whether your CPU includes these features, run the following command:

#sudo grep -c "svm\|vmx" /proc/cpuinfo

A 0 indicates that your CPU doesn’t support hardware virtualization, while a 1 or more indicates
that it does.

2) Install KVM and supporting packages.

Virt-Manager is a graphical application for managing your virtual machines.you can use the kvm
command directly, but libvirt and Virt-Manager simplify the process.

#sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin bridge-utils virt-manager

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3) Create User.

Only the root user and users in the libvirtd group have permission to use KVM virtual machines.
Run the following command to add your user account to the libvirtd group:

#sudo adduser tsec

#sudo adduser tsec libvirtd

After running this command, log out and log back in as tsec

4) Check whether everything is working correctly.

Run following command after logging back in as tsec and you should see an empty list of virtual
machines.
This indicates that everything is working correctly.

#virsh -c qemu:///system list

5)Open Virtual Machine Manager application and Create Virtual Machine

#virt-manager

6) Create and run Virtual Machines

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CLOUD COMPUTING LAB MANUAL COMPILED BY PROF. BHUSHAN JADHAV CONTACT -:9702868662
CLOUD COMPUTING LAB MANUAL COMPILED BY PROF. BHUSHAN JADHAV CONTACT -:9702868662
LAB 2 Creating and running virtual machines on Bare-Metal Hypervisor Xen Server

Step 1: Install Xen Server

Step i-: Insert Bootable Xen Server CD into CDROM and Step ii-: press F2 to see the advanced options,
Make first boot device as a CDROM from BIOS otherwise press Enter to start installation

Step iii -: Select Keyboard Layout Step iv -:Press Enter to load Device Drivers

Step v -:Press Enter to Accept End user license Agreement Step vi -:Select Appropriate disk on which you want
to install Xen server

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Step vii -:Select Appropriate installation Media Step viii -:Select Additional Packages for installation

Step ix-: Specify Root password Step x -: Specify IP Address to a Xen Server

Step xi-:Select Time Zone Step xii-:Specify NTP Servers address or use manual

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 time entry then start installation

Once installation is done you will see the final screen shown below.

Xen Server Final Screenshot

Step 2:Connect Xen Server to Xen Center

Firstly, download the xen center a management utily from xen server by opening the xen severs
IP address as a URL on browser. Once Xen center is downloaded, install it.Open Xen center
from start menu of Windows.

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Here’s how XenCenter looks like (see screenshot below) before any hosts, resource pools, and so
on, are added to it. To connect to the XenServer host you configured earlier, click Add a server.

Enter the IP address I asked you to take note of earlier. Also enter the password you assigned for
your root account. Click Add.

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One of the first things you want to make sure as you’re adding a new XenServer to XenCenter is
to save and restore the server connection state on startup. Check the box that will do just that.

Once you do that, you will be allowed to configure a master password for all the XenServers
you’ll be associating with this XenCenter. Click the Require a master password checkbox if
that’s what you want to do, and then enter your desired master password in the fields provided.

After you click OK, you’ll be brought back to the main screen, where you’ll see your XenServer
already added to XenCenter.

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Step-:3 Create Storage Repository and Installing VM

Now Before Creating VM we have to Create Storage Repository first which is nothing but
shared directory on Xen Center which holds all iso files and which is required to install
Operating system on Xen Server its steps are as follows.Right click on Xenserver icon on xen
center and click on New SR

Now Select Windows CIFS library

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Specify Storage Repository Name

Now specify path of shared folder at client side which holds all iso files of os or VM which we
are going to install on Xen Server.

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At the end Click on finish to create SR.

To check all iso files click on CIFS library and select storage this will show you all iso files.

Installation of UBUNTU Server on Xen Server

Step 1 -: Right click on Xenserver icon on xen center and select New VM

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Now select an Operating System to be install here select Ubuntu Lucid Lynx and click on next

Now specify Instance Name as ubuntu server

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Select iso file of Ubuntu server 10.10 to be install

Now select hardware for vm i.e. no. of cpu’s and memory

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Select local storage

Select network

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And click on finish

Now go to Console tab to install ubuntu and follow installation Steps.

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The Xen orchestra provides web based functionality of Xen Center.it provides access to all the
VMs with their lifecycle management which are installed over Xen Server shown in figure 5.28

Xen Orchestra (XOA) Portal

The Windows XP image running on Xen Orchestra over Google chrome web browser is shown
in following screenshot

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 Windows XP running on Xen orchestra (XOA)

Installation and Configuration of Ulteo to demonstrate on demand Application delivery

LAB 3
over web browser to explore SaaS Environment.

Ulteo is an open source Virtual Desktop infrastructure project that can deliver various operating
systems deskops - including Windows and Linux desktops or applications - to end usersThe
Open Virtual Desktop allows corporates to deploy virtualized GNU/Linux and/or Windows
desktops. Parts of Ulteo products are based on Debian and Ubuntu. Ulteo Open Virtual Desktop
is an open source alternative to Citrix and VMWare solutions.

The steps for installation and configuration of Ulteo are given as follows

Step 1: Install Ulteo through DVD or Open Ulteo OVF file in Vmware player by selecting
import VM button

1) If you haven't an Ulteo OVD DVD-ROM yet, please download the corresponding ISO file
from this place at www.ulteo.com and burn it to a fresh DVD.

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2) Insert the Ulteo OVD DVD-ROM into your computer and restart it. If you selected the DVD-
ROM as first boot device you'll see the boot loader Screen.

3) Select Install Ulteo Option

4) The first step is used to select the system language. Choose your language from the list and
click on Forward.

5) In the second step, the system asks you to define your location. Either select a point on the
map or choose one from the Selected city form and click on Forward.

6) The third step is used to define the keyboard layout. Select yours and click on Forward.

7) Then, you have to select the partitioning method. We suggest the automatic method: Erase and
use the entire disk.

8) These questions are about the installed operating system itself, user login and password used
to access the OS, along with the hostname of the machine.

9) Type a password and confirm it. Useful address is displayed to you for a near future use of
OVD.

10) Then read carefully the installation summary, then click on Install and wait til installation
completes

11) Finally, click on Restart now to finish installation process.

Step 2: In Management machine Open following URLs

https://Ulteo-Server-ipaddress/ovd for Client access

https://Ulteo-Server-ipaddress/admin for Admin access

Step 3: Login on Admin portal specify Username and Password as Admin

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Under server tab Register server, Click on manage to add ip address of Ulteo Server

a) Go to user tab to add multiple users

b) Go to User tab then select user group then create a new user group and add users in to
them
c) Go to Application Tab to Create Application Group

Map User group with Application group And use the services at client side

The Administrator panel is limited to Administrator who can manage Applications, users and
groups. Once admin logged in to this portal, he can create users, user groups, Application groups
maps users to User group and Application group, manages applications or installs softwares
based on users requirement Shown in figure 5.11.

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 .
Ulteo Administrator panel
The Application menu of admin panel shows available applications which can be mapped to
users or user groups Shown in

.
Ulteo Application Menu
Step 4: At client side open https://Ulteo-Server-ipaddress/ovd for Client access,Specify
Username and Password and Access the softwares added in Application group

Once user selects Access Ulteo option it shows login page of Ulteo session manager shown
below. The user can get login name and password by filling Registration form through main page
of cloud portal Shown below.

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 .

Ulteo user Login Portal

Once user is validated he can access the services using portal mode or Desktop mode. Both the
modes give access to software applications which are installed on Linux Application Server and
Windows Application Server. In portal mode the user get applications in vertical pane Shown in
figure 5.9.

Ulteo Portal mode

While in Desktop mode use gets full flagged Linux desktop running on browser with selected
Applications Shown in

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 Ulteo Desktop mode

LAB 4 To demonstrate installation and Configuration of Open stack Private cloud.

The OpenStack installation can be done using many ways like RDO Pack stack, Mirantis or
Devstack who have series of shell scripts which carries automated installation of OpenStack. The
DevStack is a series of extensible scripts used to quickly bring up a complete OpenStack
environment based on the latest versions of everything from git master.

To install OpenStack using Devstack the Prerequisites are Intel or AMD Multicore CPU,
Minimum 6-8GB RAM, 250 GB Hard disk and preinstalled Ubuntu server/Desktop Operating
system version 16.04 or above and internet speed should be minimum 4 MBPS. (The installation
steps can be found at https://docs.openstack.org/devstack/latest/)

The steps for installing Openstack using Devstack in a single server (All in one Single machine
setup) are given as follows

Step 1-: Update the ubuntu repository and install git package

The current version of Ubuntu OpenStack is Newton. So, that’s what we are going to install. To
begin with the installation, first, we need to use the git command to clone devstack.

$sudo apt-get update

$sudo apt-get install git

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Step 2 -: Download the latest git repository for openstack

$ git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack-dev/devstack

Step 3-: Open Devstack directory and start installation by executing stack.sh shell script

$cd Devstack
$./stack.sh

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At the initial stage, the installer will ask passwords for database, rabbit, service authentication,
horizon and keystone.

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The installer may take up to 30 minutes to complete the installation depends on the internet
bandwidth. Once installation is done you may see the following screen which displays ip address
of dashboard i.e. horizon through which you can gain access to open stack VMs and resources

As you can see, two users have been created for you; admin and demo. Your password is the
password you set earlier. These are the usernames you will use to login to the OpenStack
Horizon Dashboard.

Open up a browser, and put the Horizon Dashboard address in your address
bar. http://192.168.0.116/dashboard you should see a login page like this.

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To start with, log in with the admin users credentials. In admin panel, you will need to use the
demo user, or create a new user, to create and deploy instances. As you can see, two users have
been created for you; admin and demo. Your password is the password you set earlier. These
are the usernames you will use to login to the OpenStack Horizon Dashboard. Take note of the
Horizon web address listed in your terminal.

Creating and running Instances

To launch an instance from OpenStack dashboard, first we need to finish following steps:

 Create a Project and add a member to the Project.

 Create Image and Flavor
 Create Network for the Project.
 Create Router for the Project.

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 Create a Key pair

A) Create a Project and add a member to the Project.

Login to the dashboard using Admin credentials and Go to Identity Tab –> Projects and Click
on Create Project.

Click on “Create Project” , We can also set the Quota for the project from Quota Tab. To create
Users , Go to Identify Tab–> Users–> Click on ‘Create User’ Button then specify User
Name, email, password, Primary Project and Role and click on create user to add in to
OpenStack workspace.

B) Create Image and Flavor

To create a flavor login in dashboard using admin credentials, Go to Admin Tab –> Flavors –>
Click on create Flavor.

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Specify the Flavor Name (fedora.small) , VCPU , Root Disk , Ephemeral Disk & Swap disk.

To Create Image , Go to Admin Tab –> Images—> Click on Create Image.

Specify the Image Name , Description, Image Soure ( in my case i am using Fedora Image File
which i have already downloaded from fedora website with Format QCOW2)

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 C) Create Network for the Project.

To create Network and router for Innovation project sign out of admin user and login as local
user in dashboard.
For my convenience i have setup my network as above
Internal Network = 10.10.10.0/24
External Network or Floating IP Network = 192.168.1.0/24
Gateway of External Network = 192.168.1.1

Now, Go to the Network Tab —> Click on Networks —> then Click on Create Network
Specify the Network Name as Internal

Click on Next. Then Specify the Subnet name (sub-internal) and Network Address (10.10.0.0/24)

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Click on Next. Now, VMs will be getting internal IP from DHCP Server because we enable
DHCP option for internal network.

Now Create External Network. Click on “Create Network” again, Specify Network Name as
“external”

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Click on Next. Specify subnet Name as “sub-external” & Network Address as “192.168.1.0/24”

Click on Next

Untick “Enable DHCP” option and Specify the ip address pool for external network.

Click on Create.

D) Create Router for the Project

Now time to create a Router. To create router Go To Network Tab –> Routers –> Click on
‘+ Create Router’

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Now Mark External network as “External” , this task can be completed only from admin user , so
logout from linuxtechi user and login as admin.

Go to Admin Tab —> Networks–> Click on Edit Network for “External”

Click on Save Changes. Now Logout from admin user and login as local user. Go to Network
Tab —> Routers –> for Router1 click on “Set Gateway”

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Click on “Set Gateway”, this will add a interface on router and will assign the first ip of external
subnet (192.168.1.0/24).

Add internal interface to router as well , Click on the “router1″ and select on “interfaces” and
then click on “Add interface”
Now, Network Part is completed now & we can view Network Topology from “Network
Topology” Tab as below.

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Now Create a key pair that will be used for accessing the VM and define the Security firewall
rules.

E) Create a key pair

Go to ‘Access & Security’ Tab —> Click on Key Pairs –> then click on ‘Create Key Pair‘

It will create a Key pair with name “myssh-keys.pem” Add a new Security Group with name
‘fedora-rules’ from Access & Security Tab. Allow 22 and ICMP from Internet ( 0.0.0.0 ).

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Once the Security Group ‘fedora-rules’ created , click on Manage Rules and allow 22 & ICMP
ping.

Click on Add , Similarly add a rule for ICMP.

F) Launch Instance

Now finally it’s time to launch an instance. To launch instance, Go to Compute Tab –> Click on
Instances –> then click on ‘Launch Instance’ Then Specify the Instance Name, Flavor that we
created in above steps and ‘Boot from image’ from Instance Boot Source option and Select
Image Name ‘fedora-image’.

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Click on ‘Access & Security’ and Select the Security Group ‘fedora-rules’ & Key Pair ”myssh-
keys‘

Now Select Networking and add ‘Internal’ Network and the Click on Launch ….

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Once the VM is launched , Associate a floating ip so that we can access the VM.

Click on ‘Associate Floating IP‘ to get public IP addresses

Click on Allocate IP.

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 Click on Associate

Now try to access the VM with floating IP ( 192.168.1.20) using keys.

As we can see above that we are able to access the VM using keys. Our task of launching a VM
from Dashboard is Completed Now.

Explore Storage as a service using own Cloud for remote file access using web
LAB 5
interfaces.

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ownCloud is a suite of client–server software for creating and using file hosting services.
ownCloud is functionally very similar to the widely used Dropbox, with the primary functional
difference being that the Server Edition of ownCloud is free and open-source, and thereby
allowing anyone to install and operate it without charge on a private server. It also supports
extensions that allow it to work like Google Drive, with online document editing, calendar and
contact synchronization, and more. Its openness avoids enforced quotas on storage space or the
number of connected clients, instead having hard limits (like on storage space or number of
users) defined only by the physical capabilities of the server.

Installation and configuration of OwnCLoud

Own cloud can be installed over the any flavor of linux like Ubuntu, Centos, Fedora etc. but
Ubuntu is preferable. The Steps for installation are as follows

Step 1 – Installing ownCloud

The ownCloud server package does not exist within the default repositories for Ubuntu.
However, ownCloud maintains a dedicated repository for the distribution that we can add to our
server.

To begin, download their release key using the curl command and import it with the apt-key
utility with the add command:

$curl https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/10.0/Ubuntu_18.04/Release.key |
sudo apt-key add –

The 'Release.key' file contains a PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) public key which apt will use to
verify that the ownCloud package is authentic.

Now execute following commands on the terminal

1) $ echo 'deb http://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/10.0/Ubuntu_18.04/ /' | sudo

tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/owncloud.list
2) $sudo apt update
3)$ sudo apt install php-bz2 php-curl php-gd php-imagick php-intl php-mbstring php-xml php-
zip owncloud-files

Step 2 :- Set the Document Root

The ownCloud package we installed copies the web files to /var/www/owncloud on the server.
Currently, the Apache virtual host configuration is set up to serve files out of a different

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directory. We need to change the DocumentRoot setting in our configuration to point to the new
directory.

$sudo apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS | grep server_domain_or_IP

Now edit the Configuration file and add following lines so that it points to the
/var/www/owncloud directory:

$sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/server_ <VirtualHost *:80>

domain_or_IP.conf ...
DocumentRoot /var/www/owncloud
...
</VirtualHost>
When you are finished, check the syntax of your Apache files to make sure there were no
detectable typos in your configuration

$sudo apache2ctl configtest

Output-: Syntax OK

Step 3 – Configuring the MySQL Database

Open mysql prompt, create database and execute following commands

1) $mysql -u root –p
2) mysql>CREATE DATABASE owncloud;
3) mysql>GRANT ALL ON owncloud.* to 'owncloud'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY
'owncloud_database_password';
4) mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Step 4-: Configure ownCloud

To access the ownCloud web interface, open a web browser and navigate to the servers IP
address as shown below

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Own Cloud portal has two types of users like Admin user and local user. The admin user can
create users/groups, assigns storage quota, assigns privileges and can manage users and group
activities.

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The local user is an restricted user who can perform local activities like upload or share files,
delete local shares or can create share etc.

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The alternate way to use own cloud is to download the readymade virtual machine from website
https://bitnami.com/stack/owncloud/cloud which can be run directly on virtualization platform
like virtual box or VMware workstation.

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