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Computer Science TTR

The document provides an overview of file handling concepts, including definitions of files and streams, and the types of data files: text and binary. It details various methods for reading and writing text files, as well as creating and loading binary files using Python's pickle module. Additionally, it explains handling CSV files with the csv module, emphasizing the importance of using text mode and proper newline handling.

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7 views4 pages

Computer Science TTR

The document provides an overview of file handling concepts, including definitions of files and streams, and the types of data files: text and binary. It details various methods for reading and writing text files, as well as creating and loading binary files using Python's pickle module. Additionally, it explains handling CSV files with the csv module, emphasizing the importance of using text mode and proper newline handling.

Uploaded by

dhruvilmistry267
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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File Handling Things To Remember

Definitions:
File: A file is a collection of related data stored in a particular area on the
disk.
Stream: It refers to a sequence of bytes. File handling is an important
part of any web application.
Data Files: The data files that store data pertaining to specific
applications, for later use.
Data files can be stored in two ways:
Text Files: Text files are structured as a sequence of lines, where each
line includes a sequence of characters.
Binary Files : A binary file is any type of file that is not a text file.
Text Files:
1.​ file.read(n): Reads n bytes, if no n is given reads the entire file.
2.​ file.readline(n): Reads n bytes till it reaches EOF character, if no n
is given reads till end of newline char.
3.​ file.readlines(): Reads all lines and returns it as a list.​
Note: All the read function has ‘\n’ at the end so to access the last
character we need to use [-2]
4.​ file.seek(offset, from_where): Moves cursor of the file.​
From_where:
a.​ 0: sets the cursor at the beginning of the file.
b.​ 1: sets the cursor at the current position (only binary).
c.​ 2: sets the cursor at the end of the file (only binary).​
Note: when using seek in binary mode in “2” mode, there are
two characters at the end of a line ‘\r\n’
5.​ file.tell(): Gives the cursor's current position as an integer.
6.​ file.write(text): Writes the text to the file.
7.​ file.writelines(list): Write each sentence in a list.​
Note: writelines does not add EOF character so each string in list
must have EOF character at the end.

Binary Files:
import pickle
# Creating A Binary File
def create_file():
file = open("stud.DAT", "wb")
n = int(input("Enter number of entries: "))
for i in range(n):
roll = int(input("Roll No: "))
name = int(input("Name: "))
mark = int(input("Marks: "))
rec = [roll, name, mark]
pickle.dump(rec, file)
file.close()

# Loading A Binary File


def show_file():
file = open("stud.DAT", "rb")
try:
while True:
print(pickle.load(file))
except:
print("End of File")
file.close()

CSV Files:
import csv
# Note: We use text mode for csv files, also ensure to define
newline as empty
file = open('file.csv', 'w', newline='')
writer = csv.writer(file, delimiter=',', quotechar='"')
writer.writerow(['Abinav', 12, 'C'])
data = [['John', 12, 'A'], ['Doe', 11, 'B']]
writer.writerows(data)
file.close()

file = open('file.csv', 'r', newline='')


# Note: Rows doesn't give data as a list, for loop is must or
you need to convert to list
rows = csv.reader(file)
for row in rows:
print(row)
file.close()

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