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Computer Science Notes for High School

The document provides an overview of computer science for high school students, covering the definition and types of computers, basic hardware components, software types, and an introduction to the internet and networking. It explains the functions of key hardware like the CPU and RAM, as well as the roles of system, application, and utility software. Additionally, it introduces basic programming concepts and networking types such as LAN and WAN.

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43 views

Computer Science Notes for High School

The document provides an overview of computer science for high school students, covering the definition and types of computers, basic hardware components, software types, and an introduction to the internet and networking. It explains the functions of key hardware like the CPU and RAM, as well as the roles of system, application, and utility software. Additionally, it introduces basic programming concepts and networking types such as LAN and WAN.

Uploaded by

parasyte4332
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Science Notes for High

School
1. Introduction to Computers
What is a Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that:

 Takes input (data/instructions)


 Processes it
 Produces output (results)
 Stores information for future use

Types of Computers

1. Personal Computers (PCs) – Desktops, laptops


2. Servers – Provide services to other computers (e.g., websites)
3. Supercomputers – High-speed processing (e.g., weather forecasting)
4. Embedded Systems – Found in devices like cars, microwaves

2. Computer Hardware
Basic Components

Component Function
CPU (Central Processing "Brain" of the computer, performs
Unit) calculations
RAM (Random Access Temporary storage for running
Memory) programs
Permanent storage for files and
Storage (HDD/SSD)
software
Motherboard Connects all hardware components
GPU (Graphics Processing
Handles graphics and video processing
Unit)

Input & Output Devices

 Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone


 Output Devices: Monitor, printer, speakers
3. Computer Software
Types of Software

1. System Software – Runs the computer (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux)


2. Application Software – Programs for tasks (e.g., MS Word, Chrome,
Photoshop)
3. Utility Software – Helps maintain the system (e.g., antivirus, disk
cleanup)

Operating System (OS) Basics

 Manages hardware and software


 Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android

4. Internet & Networking


What is the Internet?

A global network connecting millions of computers.

Key Terms

 WWW (World Wide Web) – Collection of websites


 URL (Uniform Resource Locator) – Website address
(e.g., https://www.google.com)
 IP Address – Unique identifier for devices (e.g., 192.168.1.1)
 Browser – Software to access the web (e.g., Chrome, Firefox)

Types of Networks

1. LAN (Local Area Network) – Small area (e.g., school, home)


2. WAN (Wide Area Network) – Large area (e.g., the Internet)

5. Basic Programming Concepts

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