PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology

Kanpur-Delhi National Highway (NH-19), Bhauti, Kanpur-209305 (U.P.), India

Unit 4: Multiple integration (BAS 103)

Beta & Gamma functions
1
1 2 a
dx  ( 14 ) 3
16 dx
1 Evaluate the followings: (a). 
0 1 x 4
(Ans:
4 ( 34 )
),(b) 
0
x (8  x 3 ) dx (Ans:
9 3
), (c)  (a
0
n
1
 x n )n
 /2 
  4
 
x e 3 x
(Ans: ), (d) (Ans: ),(e) tan  d (Ans: ),(f)) dx (Ans: ),
n sin( n ) 2 27
0 0

(g) (Ans: , (h) (Ans: , (j) (Ans: 0),

(k) (Ans: )

2. Prove that followings-

1 1 1 
x n 2  ( n21 ) x 2 dx dx  x 8 (1  x 6 )
(a) 
0 1 x2
dx 
2 ( n2 )
,(b) 
0 1 x 4
 
0 1 x 4

4 2
,(c) 
0
(1  x )24
dx  0 ,

  
 x 4 (1  x 5 ) 1
  
4 4
(d) x 2 e  x dx  e  x dx  , (e) 15
dx  , (f) B (m, n  1)  B (m  1, n )  B (m, n ), m, n  0 .
8 2 (1  x ) 5005
0 0 0
3. Dirichlet’s Theorem & Liouville’s Theorem:
x y z
(a) Find the volume of the solid bounded by the co-ordinate planes and the surface    1.
a b c
2 2 2
 x 3 y 3  z 3
(b)Find the volume of the solid surrounded by the surface          1 .
a  b  c 
x y z
(c) Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the plane    1 and the co-ordinate planes.
a b c
(d) Prove that
2 2


 2
 
e ( x y )dx dy  1  e R , where D is the domain defined by x  0, y  0 and
4
D

x2  y2  R2.
1 1 2
27
(e) Prove that 
D
x 2 y 2 (1  x  y ) 3 dx dy 
1760
, where D is the domain defined by x  0, y  0 and

x  y  1.
1 x2  y2 
(f) Show that  1  x 2
y 2
dx dy 
2
(log 2  1/ 2) over the positive quadrant of the circle x 2  y 2  1 .

 e
( x y  z )
(g) Evaluate dxdydz , the integral being extended over all positive and zero values of the
variables x , y, z such that x  y  z  1 .
dx dy dz 1 5
(h) Show that  (x  y  z  1) 3

2
log 2 
16
, the integral being taken over all positive values of the

variables x , y, z such that x  y  z  1 .

(i) Evaluate  log(x  y  z )dxdydz the integral being extended over all positive and zero values of the
variables x , y, z such that x  y  z  1 .

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 PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology
Kanpur-Delhi National Highway (NH-19), Bhauti, Kanpur-209305 (U.P.), India

 12  12  12 1
(j) Evaluate the integral
 x y z (1  x  y  z ) 2 dxdydz , extended to all positive values of the
variables subject to the conditions x  y  z  1 .
dxdydz 2
(k) Show that  1 x2  y2  z2

8
, the integral being extended to all positive values of the

variables for which the expression is real.

 x
l 1 m 1 n 1
(l) Evaluate the integral y z dxdydz , where V is the region in the first octant bounded by
V

the sphere x 2  y 2  z 2  1 and the co-ordinate planes.

abc 4 a b c abc e 2 1
Ans: (a) ,(b) ,(c) ,(g) (Ans: ,(i)  ,(j) ,(l) ( 2l )( m2 )( n2 ) / 8( 2l  m
2
 n
2
 1)
90 35 6 2 18

Double Integral in Cartesian form

5 1 x 2 1 x2 y

  e x dydx (iii)  ydxdy over the part of the plane bounded by the line
dy dx
1. Evaluate (i)  
0 0
1 x 2  y2
(ii)
0 0

y  x and the parabola y  4 x  x 2 (iv)  xydxdy ,

A
where A is the domain bounded by x - axis,

ordinate x  2a and the curve x 2  4ay . (v)  xydxdy , where

R
R is the first quadrant of the circle

 x
2 2 2 2
x  y  a . (vi) dxdy , where A is the region in the first quadrant bounded by the hyperbola
R

 (x  y ) dxdy , where
2
xy  16 and the lines y  x , y  0 and x  8 . (vii) A is the region bounded by
A

x2 y2
 ydxdy , where R is the region bounded by the parabolas y  4 x and
2
the ellipse   1 . (viii)
a2 b2
x2  4y .
 1 54 a4 a4  48
Ans: (i) log[5  26 ] (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) 448 (vii) ab(a 2  b 2 ) (viii)
4 2 5 3 8 4 5
2. Double Integral in Polar form
 
 a (1 cos  ) 2 a (1 sin  ) 2 2 a cos   a cos 

  r dr d ,   r cos  dr d ,   r sin  dr d , (iv)   r sin  dr d

2 2
(i) (ii) (iii)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 3
3a 2 5a 2a 1
Ans: (i) (ii) , (iii) , (iv)
4 4 3 3
3. Triple Integral in Cartesian form
2 x x y 1 1 x 2 1 x 2  y 2  z 2

(i)   e
x
(y  2z ) dz dy dx ,(ii)    xyzdzdydx , (AKTU2017)(iii) Evaluate    x  y  z dxdydz ,
0 0 0 0 0 0 R

where R : 0  x  1, 1  y  2, 2  z  3 . (AKTU2016, 2018)

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Kanpur-Delhi National Highway (NH-19), Bhauti, Kanpur-209305 (U.P.), India

19 2 1 9
Ans: (i) (e  3) (ii) (iii)
3 48 2
CHANGE OF ORDER OF INTEGRATION
a a 2 y 2 2a 3a  x 2a 2ax  x 2
4. Change the order of integration (i)   f (x, y )dxdy (ii)   V dydx
a 0 0 x2
(iii) 
0
 V dydx
0
4a
a 2
2
x  xa a a 2 x 2
(iv)   V dydx
0 x2
(v)

0
 V dydx
1
2
a x 2
2
a

a a 2 x 2 a 4ay 3a 3a y a a  a 2 y 2

Ans: (i)  0
 f (x , y )dydx (ii)  
0 0
V dxdy   
a 0
V dxdy (iii)
  V dxdy
 a x 2 2 0 a  a y 2 2

a a
4 ay 2 a 2 y 2 a a 2 y 2

(iv) 
0 1

2
V dxdy (v) 
0 2
 V dxdy 
2

a

0
V dxdy
2
[a  a 4 a y ] a  4y 2

5. Change the order of integration and hence evaluate it

4 x 1 2 y 1 e  a x  2a
dy dx e y
(i)  
1 1
(x  y 2 ) dydx (ii) 
0
xy dx dy (iii)  
0 e x
log y
(iv) 
0x
y
dy dx (v) 
0
 dydx
y a x 2
2

1 2 x
(vi)   xy dydx
0 2
[AKTU 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2020, 2022]
x
2 4 1x 2  2 2 x 
241     7
     
2
Ans: (i) (x  y )dxdy  (ii)  xy dy dx   xy dy dx  (iii) e  1 (iv) 1
30 24
1 y 2
0
0 
 1 0 

a a 2a a 3a a 1 y 2 2 y
3
(v) 
0
 dxdy    dxdy    dxdy (vi)   xy dxdy    xydxdy  8
a 0 2a y  2a 0 0 1 0
a 2 y 2

CHANGE OF VARIABLES

 (x  y ) dxdy , where
2
6. Evaluate R is the parallelogram in the xy -plane with vertices (1, 0), (3, 1), (2,
R
2), (0, 1), using the transformation u  x  y and v  x  2y . Ans: 21

 (x  y )
2
7. Evaluate cos 2 (x  y )dx dy , where R is the rhombus in the xy -plane with successive
R

4
vertices ( , 0), (2 ,  ), ( , 2 ), (0,  ) . Ans:
3
2
1


2
8. Using the transformation x  y  u and y  uv , show that [xy (1  x  y )] dxdy  , integration
105
being taken over the area of the triangle bounded by the lines x  0, y  0, x  y  1 .
1 1 x
1
 e
y /( x  y )
9. Using the transformation x  y  u and y  uv , Prove that dydx  (e  1)
0 0
2

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Kanpur-Delhi National Highway (NH-19), Bhauti, Kanpur-209305 (U.P.), India

10. Let D be the region in the first quadrant bounded by x  y  0 and x  y  1 . Change the variables

 x y (1  x  y )
1/ 2
x, y to u, v , where x  y  u and y  u v and evaluate dx dy .
D
16
 x y (1  x  y )
1/ 2
Ans: dx dy 
945
D
11. Evaluate by changing into polar co-ordinates
a a 2 x 2 2 2x  x 2

 y  x
2 2 2
(i) (x  y )dy dx (ii)  y 2dy dx
0 0 0 0
2 2x  x 2 1 2 x 2
x x a4 3  1
(iii) 
0

0
x2  y2
dx dy (iv)  
0 x x 2  y2
dxdy . Ans: (i)
4
(i)
4
(iii)
2
(iv) 1 
2
 

 e
 ( x 2 y 2 )
12. Change into polar co-ordinates and evaluate dydx and hence show that
0 0


e
x 2
dx 
2
0

13. Evaluate the integral   y  x dxdy by

D
changing the variables, D is the region in xy plane

x 7 x
bounded by the lines y  x  3, y  x  1, y   , y   5 , [AKTU 2024] Ans: -8
3 3 3

Short answer type questions

1. State Dirichlet’s Theorem & Liouville’s Theorem of three variables.
2. Define beta and gamma functions. [2018]
a x
1
3. Find   xydydx
0 0
Ans:
8
[2014]

2 1
14
  (x  3 y 2 )dydx
2
4. Ans: [2020]
0 0
3
 7  5  3  1
5. Find (i)    (ii)    [2014, 19] (iii)    [2013] (iv)    [2011]
 2   2  2  2
16 8 4
Ans: (i)  ) (ii)   (iii)  (iv)  2 
105 15 3
6. Find (2,1)  (1, 2) Ans: 1


e
 x2
7. Find dx Ans: [2011, 18]
0
2
(m  1, n) m
8. Find Ans: [2011]
(m, n) mn
1 3
9. Find     Ans:  2 [2014]
4 4

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