PEARLS PUBLIC SCHOOL (CBSE)

COMPUTER NETWORK
1. A computer network is an interconnection among two or more computers or computing devices.
2. Computer Network allows computers to share data and resources among each other.
3. A computer network can include different types of hosts (also called nodes) like server, desktop, laptop,
cellular phones
4. For communication, data in a network is divided into smaller chunks called packets.
5. Devices in a network can be connected either through wired media like cables or wireless media like air.
6. A node can be a device such as a modem, hub, bridge, switch, router, digital telephone handset, a printer, a
computer or a server
7. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
8. PAN ( Personal Area Network)
9. LAN (Local Area Network)
10. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
11. WAN (Wide Area Network)
12. The Internet is the largest WAN that connects billions of computers, smartphones and millions of LANs from
different continents
13. Modem stands for ‘MOdulator DEModulator’
14. It refers to a device used for conversion between analog signals and digital bits.
15. The modem at the sender’s end acts as a modulator that converts the digital data into analog signals
16. The modem at the receiver’s end acts as a demodulator that converts the analog signals into digital data
17. Ethernet card, also known as Network Interface Card (NIC card in short) is a network adapter used to set up a
wired network
18. Network Interface Card acts as an interface between computer and the network.
19. Ethernet cards can support data transfer between 10 Mbps and 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps)
20. NIC has a MAC (Media Access Control) address, which helps in uniquely identifying the computer on the
network. Each MAC address is a 12-digit hexadecimal number.

21. A repeater is an analog device that works with signals on the cables to which it is connected. The weakened
signal appearing on the cable is regenerated and put back on the cable by a repeater
22. Signals lose their strength beyond this limit and become weak. In such conditions, original signals need to be
regenerated by using repeater (distance >100m)
23. An Internet service provider (ISP) is any organisation that provides services for accessing the Internet
24. A hub (broadcasting device) is a network device used to connect different devices through wires. Data
arriving on any of the lines are sent out on all the others
25. A switch (unicasting device) is a networking device that plays a central role in a Local Area Network (LAN)
26. A switch does not forward the signals which are noisy or corrupted. It drops such signals and asks the sender
to resend it.
27. A switch sends signals to only selected devices instead of sending to all.
28. A switch can forward multiple packets at the same time.
29. A router is a network device that can receive the data, analyse it and transmit it to other networks
30. A router connects a local area network to the internet
31. A router has advanced capabilities as it can analyse the data being carried over a network, decide/alter how it
is packaged, and send it to another network of a different type
32. A wireless router can provide Wi-Fi access to smartphones and other devices
33. A wireless router connect to incoming broadband lines, from ISP (Internet Service Provider), and convert
them to digital data for computing devices to process
34. Gateway serves as the entry and exit point of a network
35. The arrangement of computers and other peripherals in a network is called its topology
36. In bus topology each communicating device connects to a transmission medium, known as bus. cheaper and
easier to maintain, less secure and less reliable
37. In star topology each communicating device is connected to a central node, which is a networking device like
a hub or a switch
38. Star topology is considered very effective, efficient and fast as each device is directly connected with the
central device. Disturbance in one device will not affect the rest of the network. Any failure in a central
networking device may lead to the failure of complete network.
39. In star topology, the central node can be either a broadcasting device (HUB) means data will be transmitted
to all the nodes in the network, or a unicast device (SWITCH) means the node can identify the destination
and forward data to that node only.
40. IP address, also known as Internet Protocol address, is also a unique address that can be used to uniquely
identify each node in a network.
41. IP addresses are assigned to each node in a network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
42. IP address can change if a node is removed from one network and connected to another network.
43. The initial IP Address called version 4 (IPV4 in short), is a 32 bit numeric address, written as four numbers
separated by periods, where each number is the decimal (base-10) representation for an 8-bit binary (base-2)
number and each can take any value from 0 - 255. A sample IPV4 address looks like:192.168.0.178
44. An IPv6 address (128 bit IP Address) is represented by eight groups of hexadecimal (base-16) numbers
separated by colons. A sample IPV6 address looks like:2001:CDBA:0000:0000:0000:0000:3257:9652
45. World Wide Web (WWW)
46. Sir Tim Berners-Lee — a British computer scientist invented the evolutionary World Wide Web in 1990 by
defining three fundamental technologies that lead to creation of web.
47. HTML – HyperText Markup Language
48. URI – Uniform Resource Identifier. It is a unique address or path for each resource located on the web. It is
also known as Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Every page on the web has a unique URL. Examples are:
https://www.mhrd.gov.in, http://www.ncert.nic.in, http://www.airindia.in, etc. URL is sometimes also called
web address.

49. HTTP – The HyperText Transfer Protocol is a set of rules which is used to retrieve linked web pages across the
web. The more secure and advanced version is HTTPS HTTP – The HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure.
50. Each computer server hosting a website or web resource is given a name against its IP address. These names
are called the Domain names or hostnames corresponding to unique IP addresses assigned to each server
51. Conversion of the domain name of each web server to its corresponding IP address is called domain name
resolution. It is done through a server called DNS server
52. Data Communication is an act of sending or receiving data
53. Data communication refers to the exchange of data between two or more networked or connected devices
54. Components of Data Communication - Sender, Receiver, Communication medium (transmission media),
Message, and Protocols.
55. A sender is a computer or any such device which is capable of sending data over a network.
56. A receiver is a computer or any such device which is capable of receiving data from the network
57. In computer communication, the sender and receiver are known as nodes in a network
58. Message is the data or information that needs to be exchanged between the sender and the receiver.
59. Communication media is the path through which the message travels between source and destination. It is
also called medium or link which is either wired or wireless
60. Protocol is a set of rules that need to be followed by the communicating parties in order to have successful
and reliable data communication
61. In data communication, the transmission medium is also known as channel
62. The capacity of a channel is the maximum amount of signals or traffic that a channel can carry. It is measured
in terms of bandwidth and data transfer rate
63. Bandwidth of a channel is the range of frequencies available for transmission of data through that channel
64. Bandwidth is the difference of maximum and minimum frequency contained in the composite signals
65. Bandwidth is measured in Hertz (Hz).
66. 1 KHz =1000 Hz, 1 MHz =1000 KHz = 1000000 Hz
67. Data transfer rate is the number of bits transmitted between source and destination in one second. It is also
known as bit rate. It is measured in terms of bits per second (bps)
68. MBps stands for Megabyte per second whereas Mbps stands for Megabit per second.
69. 1 Kbps=210 bps=1024 bps
70. 1 Mbps=220 bps=1024 Kbps
71. 1 Gbps=230 bps=1024 Mbps
72. 1 Tbps=240 bps=1024 Gbps
73. In circuit switching, before a communication starts, a dedicated path is identified between the sender and
the receiver. This path is a connected sequence of links between network nodes. All packets follow the same
path established during the connection.
74. In packet switching, each information or message to be transmitted between sender and receiver is broken
down into smaller pieces, called packets. These packets are then transmitted independently through the
network. Different packets of the same message may take different routes depending on availability.
75. A transmission medium can be anything that can carry signals or data between the source (transmitter) and
destination (receiver).
76. Transmission media can be classified as guided (wired) or unguided (wireless)
77. In guided transmission, there is a physical link made of wire/cable through which data in terms of signals are
propagated between the nodes. These are usually Ethernet cable (Twisted Pair Cable), Coaxial cable, fiber-
optic cable
78. In unguided transmission, data travels in air in terms of electromagnetic waves using an antenna
(Radiowaves, Microwaves – Satellite, Infrared Waves)
79. Repeaters are installed to regenerate the signals of the same energy
80. Twisted-pair and coaxial cable carry the electric signals whereas the optical fiber cable carries the light
signals
81. Twisted pairs are less expensive and most commonly used in telephone lines and LANs. These cables are of
two types: Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) and Shielded twisted-pair (STP)
82. Coaxial cables are used to carry signals of higher frequencies to a longer distance
83. The optical fiber cable carries data as light, which travels inside a thin fiber of glass
84. Optic fiber uses refraction to direct the light through the media
85. Optic fibers are expensive and unidirectional
86. Radio Waves - Omni-directional, can travel long distance, can penetrate walls, used in AM and FM radio,
television, cordless phones
87. Microwaves – Unidirectional, Cannot penetrate solid objects such as walls, hills or mountains , both
communicating antenna must be in the direction of each other, Used in point-to-point communication or
unicast communication such as radar and satellite
88. Infrared waves - Very high frequency waves , cannot penetrate solid objects such as walls, Used for short-
distance point-to-point communication such as mobile-to-mobile, mobile-to-printer, remote-control-to-TV,
and Bluetooth-enabled devices to other devices like mouse, keyboards etc
89. WLAN - Wireless LAN
90. Wi-Fi – Wireless Fidelity
91. HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - primary protocol used to access the World Wide Web
92. HTTP is a request-response (also called client-server) protocol that runs over TCP
93. The common use of HTTP is between a web browser (client) and a web server (server)
94. HTTP facilitates access of hypertext from the World Wide Web by defining how information are formatted
and transmitted, and how the Web servers and browsers should respond to various commands
95. A web page is written using a markup language like HTML
96. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the protocol used for transferring files from one machine to another
97. Point to Point Protocol (PPP) is a communication protocol which establishes a dedicated and direct
connection between two communicating devices
98. PPP defines how two devices will authenticate each other and establish a direct link between them to
exchange data.
99. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol used for email services
100. SMTP used to send mail. POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3) used to receive mail.
101. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/ Internet Protocol (IP) - a set of standardised rules that uses a
client-server model of communication in which a user or machine (a client) requests a service by a server in
the network
102. The IP protocol ensures that each computer or node connected to the Internet is assigned an IP address,
which is used to identify each node independently
103. TCP ensures that the message or data is broken into smaller chunks, called IP packets
104. Website is a collection of related web pages that may contain text, images, audio and video. The first
page of a website is called home page. Each website has specific internet address (URL) that you need to
enter in your browser to access a website.
105. A web page is a document on the WWW that is viewed in a web browser. Basic structure of a web page is
created using HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
106. A web page can be of two types: Static Web Page and Dynamic Web Page
107. A web browser is a software application used to access information on the World Wide Web. When a
user requests some information, the web browser fetches the data from a web server and then displays the
webpage on the user’s screen.
108. The popular web browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, Safari, Lynx
and Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Edge etc.
109. A web server is used to store and deliver the contents of a website to web clients such as a browser.
110. A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organisations to
make their website accessible via the World Wide Web
111. Extensible Markup Language (XML) - No predefined tags
112. Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) – Predefined tags
113. IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)
114. TELNET is commonly used by terminal emulation programs that allow you to log into a remote host ,
used for login on remote computer to access
115. Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP, allows voice call (telephone service) over the Internet
 QUESTION BANK
Section - A
1. _____is a standard mail protocol used to receive emails from a remote server to a local email client.
2. Identify the device on the network which is responsible for forwarding data from one device to another
a. NIC b. Router c. RJ45 d. Repeater
3. ________ is a communication protocol responsible to control the transmission of data over a network.
a. TCP (b) SMTP (c) PPP (d)HTTP
4. Website stores the browsing activity through:
(a) web page (b) passwords (c) Cookies (d) server
5. Which of the following statements is false?
a) SMTP and POP protocols are used in email communication.
b) Ethernet is the huge global network of interconnected computers
c) HTTPS is safer than HTTP.
d) Interlinking of collection of webpages is called WWW.
6. _________ is a request – response ( client –server ) protocol that runs over TCP
a. FTP b. SMTP c. HTTP d. PPP
7. Identify the device on the network which is responsible for storing the MAC address in a computer
(a) NIC (b) Router (c) Modem (d) Repeater
8. Which switching technique reserve the entire bandwidth in advance.
a. Message Switching b. Packet Switching
c. Circuit Switching d. None
9. The IP (Internet Protocol) of TCP/IP transmits packets over Internet using ________ switching.
a) Circuit b) Message c) Packet d) All of the above
10. Which of the following statements correctly explains the term Firewall in context of Computer Network
Society?
(a) A device that protects the computer network from catching fire.
(b) A device/software that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic
© Using abusive language on a social network site.
(d) Stealing someone’s text and submitting it as his/her own work.
11. What out of the following, will you use to have an audio-visual chat with an expert sitting in a far-away
place to fix-up a technical issue?
(a) VoIP (b) email (c) FTP (d) SMTP
12. Hanu wants to connect 10 computers in her office. What is the type of network?
a) LAN b) WAN c) PAN d) FAN
13. A set of rules that governs data communication in computer networks is called ____________
a. Standard b. protocol c. Stack d. none of these
14. The modem at the received computer end acts as a ________________
a. Model b. Modulator c. Demodulator d. Convertor
15. Select the network device from the following, which connects, networks with different protocols
a) Bridge b)Gateway c)Hub d) Router

Section - B
1. Write two points of difference between Bus Topology and Tree Topology.
2. Write two points of difference between Packet Switching and Circuit Switching techniques?
3. Expand i)POP ii)HTTPS
4. What is a URL?
5. Expand SMTP , FTP , VOIP , URL , TCP / IP
6. Give one difference between XML and HTML.
7. Write short note on TELNET
8. Name Two commonly used web browsers
9. Write the full forms of PPP
 10. How is http different from https.
11. Define modem and what is its purpose in networking.
12. Write any two differences between twisted pair cable and coaxial cable
13. Write the purpose of a router
14. Define the term bandwidth with respect to networks
15. How is POP3 different from SMTP
16. Differentiate between the terms Domain Name and URL in the context of World Wide Web
17. Differentiate between web server and web browser

Section - E

1.
a) Suggest the most appropriate location of the server inside the CHENNAI campus (out of the 4
buildings), to get the best connectivity for maximum no. of computers. Justify your answer.
b) Suggest and draw the cable layout to efficiently connect various buildings within the CHENNAI
campus for connecting the computers.
c) Which hardware device will you suggest to be procured by the company to be installed to protect
and control the internet uses within the campus ?
d) Which of the following will you suggest to establish the online face-to-face communication
between the people in the Admin Office of CHENNAI campus and DELHI Head Office ?
a. Cable TV
b. Email
c. Video Conferencing
d. Text Chat
e) Name protocols used to send and receive emails between CHENNAI and DELHI office?

a) Out of the four blocks on campus, suggest the location of the server that will provide the best
connectivity. Explain your response.
2. b) For very fast and efficient connections between various blocks within the campus, suggest a
suitable topology and draw the same.
c) Suggest the placement of the following devices with justification
(a) Repeater
(b) Hub/Switch
d) VoIP technology is to be used which allows one to make voice calls using a broadband internet
connection. Expand the term VoIP.
e) The XYZ Media House intends to link its Mumbai and Delhi centers. Out of LAN, MAN, or WAN,
what kind of network will be created? Justify your answer.
3.
a) Suggest the most suitable block to host the server. Justify your answer.
b) Draw the cable layout (Block to Block) to economically connect various blocks within the Delhi
campus of International Bank.
c) Suggest the placement of the following devices with justification:
(a) Repeater (b) Hub/Switch
d) The bank is planning to connect its head office in London. Which type of network out of LAN, MAN,
or WAN will be formed? Justify your answer.
e) Suggest a device/software to be installed in the Delhi Campus to take care of data security

4.

a) Suggest the most appropriate location of the server inside the MUMBAI campus (out of the 4
buildings). Justify your answer.
b) Draw the cable layout to efficiently connect various buildings within the MUMBAI campus.
c) Which hardware device will you suggest to connect all the computers within each building?
d) Which of the following will you suggest to establish online face-to-face communication between the
people in the Admin Office of the MUMBAI campus and the DELHI Head Office?
a. Cable TV b. Email c. Video Conferencing d. Text Chat
e) What type of network (out of PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN) will be set up in each of the following cases?
a. The Mumbai campus gets connected with the Head Quarter in Delhi
b. The computers connected in the MUMBAI campus

5. a) Suggest the most suitable place (i.e., Block/Centre) to install the server of this University
with a suitable reason.
b) Suggest an ideal layout for connecting these blocks/centers for a wired connectivity.
c) Suggest the placement of Switches and Modem in the blocks
d) Suggest the placement of a Repeater in the network with justification.
e) The company wants to provide a remote research institute 5km from the main campus. Which type
of communication link will provide the fastest link from main campus to the remote campus
6.
a) Suggest the most suitable place (i.e., Block/Center) to install the server of this University with a
suitable reason.
b) Suggest an ideal layout for connecting these blocks/centers for a wired connectivity.
c) Which device will you suggest to be placed/installed in each of these blocks/centers to efficiently
connect all the computers within these blocks/centers
d) Suggest the placement of a Repeater in the network with justification.
e) The university is planning to connect its admission office in Delhi, which is more than 1250km from
university. Which type of network out of LAN, MAN, or WAN will be formed? Justify your answer.

7.

a) Suggest and draw cable layout to efficiently connect various buildings/blocks.

b) Suggest the most suitable building to house the server of this university with a suitable reason.
c) Which network device will be used to connect computers in each block to form a local area network?
d) Suggest the transmission medium out of the following for setting-up very fast Internet connectivity
among buildings of the university :
1. Optical Fiber 2. Coaxial cable 3. Ethernet Cable
e) Is there a requirement of a repeater in the given cable layout? Why/ Why not?

8.

a) Suggest the most suitable location to install the main server to get efficient connectivity in PUNE
campus with justification.
b) Suggest and draw the cable layout to efficiently connect various units within the PUNE campus for
connecting the digital devices.
c) Suggest the placement of the following device with justification
 (a) Repeater
(b) Hub/Switch
d) Suggest the topology of the network and network cable for efficiently connecting each computer
installed in each of the unit out of the following :
Topologies: Star Topology, Bus Topology
Network Cable: Co-axial Cable, Ethernet Cable, Single Pair Telephone Cable.
e) If Mumbai head office is connected with Pune campus, out of the following which type of network will
be formed?
LAN, MAN, PAN, WAN

9.

a) What will be the most appropriate block, where TTC should plan to install their server?
b) Draw a block to cable layout to connect all the buildings in the most appropriate manner for
efficient communication.
c) What will be the best possible connectivity out of the following, you will suggest to connect the new
setup of offices in Bangalore with its London based office:
1) Satellite Link 2) Infrared 3) Ethernet Cable
d) Which of the following device will be suggested by you to connect each computer in each of the
buildings:
a. Switch b. Modem c. Gateway

10.
a) Suggest the most suitable location to install the main server of this institution to get efficient
connectivity.
b) Suggest by drawing the best cable layout for effective network connectivity of the blocks having server
with all the other blocks.
c) Suggest the device to be installed in each of these buildings for connecting computers installed within
the building.
d) Suggest the most suitable wired medium for efficiently connecting each computer installed in every
building out of the following network cables:
• Coaxial Cable • Ethernet Cable • Single Pair • Telephone Cable.
e) Suggest a device/software to be installed to take care of data security.