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The document outlines a series of quantum mechanics problems for an assignment, covering topics such as probability current, wave functions, expectation values, the uncertainty principle, and energy levels. It includes specific tasks such as normalizing wave functions, calculating expectation values, and demonstrating properties of operators. The problems require a solid understanding of quantum mechanics principles and mathematical techniques.

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Mahim Jain Anwa
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3 views

Assignment (1)

The document outlines a series of quantum mechanics problems for an assignment, covering topics such as probability current, wave functions, expectation values, the uncertainty principle, and energy levels. It includes specific tasks such as normalizing wave functions, calculating expectation values, and demonstrating properties of operators. The problems require a solid understanding of quantum mechanics principles and mathematical techniques.

Uploaded by

Mahim Jain Anwa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHB-102 Assignment I (Quantum Mechanics)

January 2025

1 Problems
1. 1 Let Pab be the probability of finding a particle in the range (a < x < b).
(a) Show that
dPab
= J(a, t) − J(b, t)
dt
∗
∂ψ
Where J(x, t) = iℏ
2m (ψ ∂x − ψ ∗ ∂ψ
∂x ).
(b) Find the probability current for the wave function
1 i(5x−10πt)
ψ(x, t) = e
10

2. A Particle is represented by the wave function (at time t =0) by the wave
function
A(a2 − x2 ) − a ≤ x ≤ a

ψ(x, 0) =
0 otherwise

(a) Determine the normalization constant A.


(b) What is the expectation value of x (at time t=0)?
(c) What is the expectation value of p (at time t = 0)?

3. For the previous problem,


(a) Find the expectation value of x2 .
(b) Find the expectation value of p2 .

4. Show that the results of problem 4 are consistent with the uncertainty
principle.
5. Estimate the minimum energy of hydrogen atom using the uncertainty
principle.
q2
(Hint: Use V (r) = 4πϵ 0r
).

1
6. Show that E must exceed the minimum value of V(x), for every normaliz-
able solution to the time -independent Schrodinger equation. What is the
classical analog to this statement?
2
(Hint: Rewrite the Schrodinger equation in the form ddxψ2 = 2mℏ (V (x) −
E)ψ)
7. A particle in the infinite square well has the initial wave function

Ax, 0 ≤ x ≤ a/2
ψ(x, 0) =
A(a − x) a/2 ≤ x ≤ a

(a) Sketch ψ(x, 0) and determine the constant A.


(b) Find ψ(x, t).
(c) What is the probability that a measurement of the energy would yield
the value E1 ?
(d) Find the expectation value of the energy.

8. Given ψ = A sin3 πx

a , find the possible energy levels and their respective
probabilities.
9. Calculate the expectation values of energy and momentum for 4.
10. Find the probability current J for the particle with wave function
ℏk2
ψ(x, t) = Aeik(x− 2m t)

Which direction does the probability current flow?

11. Show that J2 = 0 for the given potential



V0 , x > 0
V (x) =
0 x<0

Where J2 is the current in the barrier region.


12. Given the potential
1
V (x, y) = mω 2 (x2 + 4y 2 )
2
Find the first three energy levels and their corresponding degeneracies.

2
13. (a) Show that the position operator x̂ = x and the hamiltonian operator
ℏ2 d 2
(Ĥ = −( 2m ) dx2 + V (x)) are hermitian.
(b) Show that (Q̂R̂ = R̂Q̂ where Q̂ and R̂ are hermitian operators.
14. Show that f(x) and g(x) are two eigenfunctions of an operator Q̂, with the
same eigenvalue q. Show that any linear combination of f and g is itself
an eigenfunction of Q̂, with eigenvalue q.
15. Consider a 3 dimensional vector space spanned by an orthonormal basis
|1 >, |2 >, |3 >. Kets |α > and |β > are given by

|α >= i|1 > −2|2 > −i|3 >

|β >= i|1 > +2|3 >

(a) Construct < α| and < β|.


(b) Find < α|β > and < β|α > and verify that < α|β >=< β|α >∗ .
(c) Construct the matrix A in the basis  = |α >< β|. Is it hermitian?
16. The Hamiltonian for a certain two level system is

Ĥ = E(|1 >< 1| − |2 >< 2| + |1 >< 2| + |2 >< 1|

where |1 >, |2 > are orthogonal basis and E is a number with the dimen-
sions of energy. Find the eigenvalues, eigen vectors ( as linear combinations
of |1 > and |2 >). Construct the matrix H with respect to this basis.

17. An anti-hermitian ( or skew-hermitian) operator is equal to minus it’s


conjugate:
Q̂† = −Q̂
(a) Show that the expectation value of an anti-hermitian operator is
imaginary.
(b) Show that the commutator of two hermitian operators is anti-hermitian.
How about the commutator of two anti-hermitian operators?

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