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Linear Equations

The document contains a tutorial on systems of linear equations, including problems related to finding values for parameters that yield non-trivial solutions, determining conditions for the existence of solutions, and exploring vector spaces. It also includes tasks involving linear transformations and matrix operations. Answers to the problems are provided at the end of the document.

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14 views2 pages

Linear Equations

The document contains a tutorial on systems of linear equations, including problems related to finding values for parameters that yield non-trivial solutions, determining conditions for the existence of solutions, and exploring vector spaces. It also includes tasks involving linear transformations and matrix operations. Answers to the problems are provided at the end of the document.

Uploaded by

joenadhan18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SC1004 Linear Algebra for Computing

Tutorial 3

Systems of Linear Equations


1. Find the values of k for which the equations

x + 5y + 3z = 0
5x + y − kz = 0
x + 2y + kz = 0

have a non-trivial solution.


2. Determine the values of a for which the following linear system has (i) no
solutions, (ii) infinite solutions, (iii) exactly one solution:

x + 2y − 3z = 4
3x − y + 5z = 2
4x + y + (a2 − 14)z = a+2
   
1 0 −4 4
3. Let A =  0 3 −2 and b =  1 . Denote the columns of A by
−2 6 3 −4
a1 , a2 , a3 , and let W = Span {a1 , a2 , a3 }. Is b in W ? How many vectors
are in W ?
4. Let w1 , w2 , w3 , u and v be vectors in Rn . Suppose the vectors u and v
are in Span{w1 , w2 , w3 }. Show that u + v is also in Span{w1 , w2 , w3 }.
   
1 3 0 3 1 3 −2 2
−1 −1 −1 1  0 1 1 −5
5. Let A =  0 −4 2 −8 and B =  1
  
2 −3 7 
2 0 3 −1 −2 −8 2 −1
a. How many rows of A contain a pivot position? Does the equation
Ax = b have a solution for each b in R4 ?
b. Do the columns of B span R4 ? Does the equation Bx = y have a
solution for each y in R4 ?

6. Construct a 2 × 2 matrix A such that the solution set of the equation


Ax = 0 is the line in R2 through (4, 1) and the origin.
7. Suppose A is a 3 × 3 matrix and y is a vector in R3 such that the equation
Ax = y does not have a solution. Does there exist a vector z in R3 such
that the equation Ax = z has a unique solution? Why?

1
     
2 −6 8
8. Find the value of h for which the vectors −4 ,  7  and h are lin-
1 −3 4
early dependent.
       
1 0 2 −1
9. Let e1 = , e2 = , y1 = , y2 = . Let T : R2 → R2 be a
0 1 5 6
linear transformation
  that
 maps e1 into y1 and maps e2 into y2 . Find the
5 x1
images of and .
−3 x2
10. Find the standard matrix of the linear transformation

a. T : R2 → R2 , which first rotates points through −3π/4 radian (clock-


wise) and then reflects points through the horizontal x−axis.
b. T : R2 → R2 , which first reflects points through the horizontal x−axis
and then reflects points through the line y = x. Show that the trans-
formation is merely a rotation about the origin. What is the angle of
rotation?

Answers

1. k = 1
2. (i) a = −4 (ii) a = +4 (iii) a ̸= ±4
3. Yes, Infinite

4.
5. a. 3, No b. No, No
 
1 −4
6. One possibility for A = .
1 −4
7. No
8. All values of h.
   
13 2x1 − x2
9. ,
7, 5x1 + 6x2
 √ √   
−1/√ 2 1/√2 0 −1
10. a. , b. , π/2 radians
1/ 2 1/ 2 1 0

End

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