The document provides a comprehensive list of Excel functions along with their corresponding formulas and descriptions. It also includes equivalent functions in M Language (Power Query) and DAX (Power BI), highlighting their functionalities. Each function is categorized and presented with examples for better understanding.
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Excel_M_DAX_SQL_PYTHON
The document provides a comprehensive list of Excel functions along with their corresponding formulas and descriptions. It also includes equivalent functions in M Language (Power Query) and DAX (Power BI), highlighting their functionalities. Each function is categorized and presented with examples for better understanding.
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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S.
No Function Excel Formula
1 SUM 'SUM(A1:A10) 2 AVERAGE 'AVERAGE(A1:A10) 3 IF 'IF(A1>10,"Yes","No") 4 VLOOKUP 'VLOOKUP(1001, A2:C10, 2, FALSE) 5 HLOOKUP 'HLOOKUP(1001, A1:J2, 2, FALSE) 6 INDEX 'INDEX(A2:C10, 3, 2) 7 MATCH 'MATCH(50, A1:A10, 0) 8 CONCATENATE 'CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1) 9 LEFT 'LEFT(A1, 5) 10 RIGHT 'RIGHT(A1, 5) S.No Function Excel Formula 11 MID 'MID(A1, 3, 4) 12 LEN 'LEN(A1) 13 TRIM 'TRIM(A1) 14 SUBSTITUTE 'SUBSTITUTE(A1, "old", "new") 15 FIND 'FIND("text", A1) 16 TEXT 'TEXT(A1, "DD/MM/YYYY") 17 NOW 'NOW() 18 TODAY 'TODAY() 19 YEAR 'YEAR(A1) 20 MONTH 'MONTH(A1) S.No Function Excel Formula 21 DAY 'DAY(A1) 22 EOMONTH 'EOMONTH(A1, 1) 23 DATEDIF 'DATEDIF(A1, B1, "Y") 24 TEXTJOIN 'TEXTJOIN(", ", TRUE, A1:A5) 25 ROUND 'ROUND(A1, 2) 26 RAND 'RAND() 27 COUNT 'COUNT(A1:A10) 28 POWER 'POWER(A1, 3) 29 CEILING 'CEILING(A1, 5) 30 FLOOR 'FLOOR(A1, 5) S.No Function Excel Formula 31 MOD 'MOD(A1, 3) 32 SUMPRODUCT 'SUMPRODUCT(A1:A5, B1:B5) 33 REPLACE 'REPLACE(A1, 2, 3, "xyz") 34 SEARCH 'SEARCH("abc", A1) 35 UPPER 'UPPER(A1) 36 LOWER 'LOWER(A1) 37 PROPER 'PROPER(A1) 38 IFERROR 'IFERROR(A1/B1, "Error") 39 ISERROR 'ISERROR(A1/B1) 40 ISNUMBER 'ISNUMBER(A1) S.No Function Excel Formula 41 INDEX-MATCH 'INDEX(A1:A10, MATCH(5, B1:B10, 0)) 42 INDIRECT 'INDIRECT(A1) 43 MIN 'MIN(A1:A10) 44 MAX 'MAX(A1:A10) 45 RANK 'RANK(A1, A1:A10, 0) 46 PERCENTILE 'PERCENTILE(A1:A10, 0.5) 47 QUARTILE 'QUARTILE(A1:A10, 1) 48 NETWORKDAYS 'NETWORKDAYS(A1, B1) 49 WORKDAY 'WORKDAY(A1, 10) 50 DAYS 'DAYS(B1, A1) Excel Description Adds up all values in a range Computes the mean (average) of a range Returns different values based on a condition Searches for a value in the first column and returns data from another column Searches for a value in the first row and returns data from another row Returns the value of a specific row and column from a range Returns the position of a value in a range Joins multiple text values into one string Extracts the first N characters from a text string Extracts the last N characters from a text string Excel Description Extracts a substring from a text string starting at a given position Returns the number of characters in a text string Removes extra spaces from a text string Replaces occurrences of a substring in a text string Returns the position of a substring within a text string (case-sensitive) Formats a value as text in a specific format Returns the current date and time Returns the current date (without time) Extracts the year from a date Extracts the month from a date Excel Description Extracts the day from a date Returns the last day of the month, a specified number of months in the future or past Calculates the difference between two dates in years, months, or days Joins multiple text values using a delimiter Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places Returns a random number between 0 and 1 Counts the number of numeric values in a range Raises a number to a specified power Rounds a number up to the nearest multiple of a given number Rounds a number down to the nearest multiple of a given number Excel Description Returns the remainder after division Multiplies corresponding elements in arrays and returns the sum Replaces part of a text string with another string Finds the position of a substring (case-insensitive) Converts text to uppercase Converts text to lowercase Capitalizes the first letter of each word Returns a value if no error occurs, otherwise returns a custom value Returns TRUE if the expression results in an error Checks if a value is a number Excel Description Returns the value at a specific row based on a lookup Returns a reference specified by a text string Returns the smallest number in a range Returns the largest number in a range Returns the rank of a number within a list Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range Returns the quartile of a dataset Returns the number of working days between two dates Returns the date after adding a given number of working days Returns the number of days between two dates Excel Example '=SUM(A1:A10) '=AVERAGE(A1:A10) '=IF(A1>10,"Yes","No") '=VLOOKUP(1001, A2:C10, 2, FALSE) '=HLOOKUP(1001, A1:J2, 2, FALSE) '=INDEX(A2:C10, 3, 2) '=MATCH(50, A1:A10, 0) '=CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1) '=LEFT(A1, 5) '=RIGHT(A1, 5) Excel Example '=MID(A1, 3, 4) '=LEN(A1) '=TRIM(A1) '=SUBSTITUTE(A1, "old", "new") '=FIND("World", A1) '=TEXT(A1, "DD/MM/YYYY") '=NOW() '=TODAY() '=YEAR(A1) '=MONTH(A1) Excel Example '=DAY(A1) '=EOMONTH(A1, 1) '=DATEDIF(A1, B1, "Y") '=TEXTJOIN(", ", TRUE, A1:A5) '=ROUND(A1, 2) '=RAND() '=COUNT(A1:A10) '=POWER(A1, 3) '=CEILING(A1, 5) '=FLOOR(A1, 5) Excel Example '=MOD(10, 3) → 1 '=SUMPRODUCT(A1:A5, B1:B5) '=REPLACE("hello", 2, 3, "xyz") → "hxyzlo" '=SEARCH("cat", "My Cat") → 4 '=UPPER("hello") → "HELLO" '=LOWER("HELLO") → "hello" '=PROPER("hello world") → "Hello World" '=IFERROR(10/0, "Error") → "Error" '=ISERROR(10/0) → TRUE '=ISNUMBER(123) → TRUE Excel Example '=INDEX(A1:A10, MATCH(5, B1:B10, 0)) '=INDIRECT("B2") → Value in B2 '=MIN(A1:A10) → Smallest value '=MAX(A1:A10) → Largest value '=RANK(5, A1:A10, 0) '=PERCENTILE(A1:A10, 0.5) '=QUARTILE(A1:A10, 1) '=NETWORKDAYS("2024-01-01", "2024-01-10") '=WORKDAY("2024-01-01", 10) '=DAYS("2024-01-10", "2024-01-01") → 9 M Language (Power Query) List.Sum({1,2,3}) List.Average({1,2,3}) if Condition then "Yes" else "No" Table.SelectRows Table.Transpose + Table.SelectRows Table.Column + List.PositionOf List.PositionOf Text.Combine Text.Start Text.End M Language (Power Query) Text.Middle Text.Length Text.Trim Text.Replace Text.PositionOf Date.ToText DateTime.LocalNow Date.From(DateTime.LocalNow()) Date.Year Date.Month M Language (Power Query) Date.Day Date.EndOfMonth No direct equivalent Text.Combine Number.Round Number.RandomBetween List.Count Number.Power Number.Ceiling Number.Floor M Language (Power Query) Number.Mod No direct equivalent Text.ReplaceRange Text.PositionOf Text.Upper Text.Lower No direct equivalent try ... otherwise try ... otherwise Value.Is M Language (Power Query) No direct equivalent No direct equivalent List.Min List.Max No direct equivalent No direct equivalent No direct equivalent No direct equivalent No direct equivalent Duration.Days M Description Adds up all numbers in a list Computes the mean (average) of a list Returns values based on a condition Finds rows based on a condition Finds values by transposing the table first Retrieves a value by position from a table column Returns the position of a value in a list Joins multiple text values into one string Extracts the first N characters from a text string Extracts the last N characters from a text string M Description Extracts a substring from a text string Returns the number of characters in a text string Removes extra spaces from a text string Replaces occurrences of a substring in a text string Returns the position of a substring (case-sensitive) Converts a date or number to a text format Returns the current date and time Returns the current date without time Extracts the year from a date Extracts the month from a date M Description Extracts the day from a date Returns the last day of the month Workaround using Duration functions Joins multiple text values using a delimiter Rounds a number to a specified decimal place Generates a random number Counts the number of numeric values in a list Raises a number to a specified power Rounds a number up to the nearest multiple Rounds a number down to the nearest multiple M Description Returns the remainder after division Use List.Transform to multiply elements and sum Replaces part of a text string Finds the position of a substring Converts text to uppercase Converts text to lowercase Workaround using Text.Split & Text.Upper Catches and handles errors Evaluates whether an error occurs Checks if a value is a number M Description Use List.PositionOf to find a match and return the corresponding value Power Query does not support indirect referencing Returns the smallest number in a list Returns the largest number in a list Use Table.AddRankColumn to assign ranks Use List.Sort and calculate index Use List.Sort and calculate position Use List.Generate and filter weekends Use List.Generate to exclude weekends Returns the number of days between two dates M Example List.Sum({1,2,3}) List.Average({1,2,3}) if [Sales] > 10 then "Yes" else "No" Table.SelectRows(Sales, each [ID] = 1001){0}[Amount] Table.SelectRows(Table.Transpose(Sales), each [Column1] = 1001) Table.Column(Sales, "Amount"){2} List.PositionOf({10,20,50}, 50) + 1 Text.Combine({"Hello", "World"}, " ") Text.Start("HelloWorld", 5) Text.End("HelloWorld", 5) M Example Text.Middle("HelloWorld", 3, 4) Text.Length("Hello") Text.Trim(" Hello World ") Text.Replace("Hello World", "World", "Everyone") Text.PositionOf("Hello World", "World") Date.ToText(#date(2023, 3, 5), "dd/MM/yyyy") DateTime.LocalNow() Date.From(DateTime.LocalNow()) Date.Year(#date(2023, 3, 5)) Date.Month(#date(2023, 3, 5)) M Example Date.Day(#date(2023, 3, 5)) Date.EndOfMonth(#date(2023, 3, 5)) Duration.TotalDays(Date.From(B1) - Date.From(A1)) / 365 Text.Combine({"Apple", "Banana"}, ", ") Number.Round(12.3456, 2) Number.RandomBetween(0,1) List.Count({1, 2, 3, null, 5}) Number.Power(5, 3) Number.Ceiling(12.3, 5) Number.Floor(12.3, 5) M Example Number.Mod(10, 3) List.Sum(List.Transform(A, each _ * B)) Text.ReplaceRange("hello", 1, 3, "xyz") Text.PositionOf("My Cat", "cat", Occurrence.First, Comparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) Text.Upper("hello") Text.Lower("HELLO") Text.Combine(List.Transform(Text.Split("hello world", " "), each Text.Upper(Text.Start(_,1)) & Text.Lower(Text.R try A / B otherwise "Error" try A / B otherwise true Value.Is(123, type number) M Example A{List.PositionOf(B, 5)} ❌ List.Min(A) List.Max(A) Table.AddRankColumn(...) List.Sort(A){index} List.Sort(A){quartileIndex} ❌ ❌ Duration.Days(Date.ToRecord(#date(2024,1,10) - #date(2024,1,1))) DAX (Power BI) SUM('Table'[Column]) AVERAGE('Table'[Column]) IF(Condition, "Yes", "No") LOOKUPVALUE(Column, LookupColumn, Value) LOOKUPVALUE (with TREATAS) SELECTCOLUMNS or LOOKUPVALUE MATCH() CONCATENATE() LEFT() RIGHT() DAX (Power BI) MID() LEN() TRIM() SUBSTITUTE() FIND() FORMAT() NOW() TODAY() YEAR() MONTH() DAX (Power BI) DAY() EOMONTH() No direct equivalent CONCATENATEX() ROUND() RAND() COUNT() POWER() CEILING() FLOOR() DAX (Power BI) MOD() SUMX() REPLACE() SEARCH() UPPER() LOWER() No direct equivalent IFERROR() ISERROR() ISNUMBER() DAX (Power BI) No direct equivalent No direct equivalent MIN() MAX() RANKX() No direct equivalent No direct equivalent No direct equivalent No direct equivalent DATEDIFF() DAX Description Adds up all numbers in a column Computes the mean (average) of a column Returns values based on a condition Searches for a value and returns corresponding data Searches for a value and returns corresponding data Retrieves a value from a column by position Returns the position of a value in a column Joins multiple text values into one string Extracts the first N characters from a text string Extracts the last N characters from a text string DAX Description Extracts a substring from a text string Returns the number of characters in a text string Removes extra spaces from a text string Replaces occurrences of a substring in a text string Returns the position of a substring in a text string Formats a value as text in a specific format Returns the current date and time Returns the current date without time Extracts the year from a date Extracts the month from a date DAX Description Extracts the day from a date Returns the last day of the month Use DATEDIFF instead Joins multiple text values with a delimiter Rounds a number to a specified decimal place Returns a random number between 0 and 1 Counts the number of numeric values in a column Raises a number to a specified power Rounds a number up to the nearest multiple Rounds a number down to the nearest multiple DAX Description Returns the remainder after division Multiplies corresponding elements and sums Replaces part of a text string Finds the position of a substring Converts text to uppercase Converts text to lowercase Use FORMAT workaround Returns a value if no error occurs, otherwise a custom value Checks if an expression results in an error Checks if a value is a number DAX Description Use LOOKUPVALUE instead DAX does not support indirect referencing Returns the smallest number in a column Returns the largest number in a column Returns the rank of a number Use PERCENTILEX.INC instead Use PERCENTILEX.INC for quartiles DAX does not have a direct equivalent DAX does not have a direct equivalent Returns the number of days between two dates DAX Example SUM(Sales[Amount]) AVERAGE(Sales[Amount]) IF([Sales] > 10, "Yes", "No") LOOKUPVALUE(Sales[Amount], Sales[ID], 1001) LOOKUPVALUE(Sales[Amount], Sales[ID], 1001) SELECTCOLUMNS(Sales, "Amount") MATCH(50, Sales[Amount], 0) CONCATENATE([First Name], " ", [Last Name]) LEFT([Column], 5) RIGHT([Column], 5) DAX Example MID([Column], 3, 4) LEN([Column]) TRIM([Column]) SUBSTITUTE([Column], "old", "new") FIND("World", [Column]) FORMAT([Date], "DD/MM/YYYY") NOW() TODAY() YEAR([Date]) MONTH([Date]) DAX Example DAY([Date]) EOMONTH([Date], 1) DATEDIFF([Start Date], [End Date], YEAR) CONCATENATEX(Table, [Column], ", ") ROUND([Value], 2) RAND() COUNT([Column]) POWER([Column], 3) CEILING([Column], 5) FLOOR([Column], 5) DAX Example MOD([Column], 3) SUMX(Table, [Column1] * [Column2]) REPLACE([Column], 2, 3, "xyz") SEARCH("abc", [Column]) UPPER([Column]) LOWER([Column]) FORMAT([Column], "Proper Case") IFERROR([Column], "Error") ISERROR([Column]) ISNUMBER([Column]) DAX Example LOOKUPVALUE(Table[Value], Table[Key], 5) ❌ MIN([Column]) MAX([Column]) RANKX(ALL(Table), Table[Value], , DESC) PERCENTILEX.INC(Table, Table[Value], 0.5) PERCENTILEX.INC(Table, Table[Value], 0.25) ❌ ❌ DATEDIFF([StartDate], [EndDate], DAY) SQL Equivalent SUM(column_name) AVG(column_name) CASE WHEN condition THEN 'Yes' ELSE 'No' END LEFT JOIN CROSS JOIN with filtering OFFSET ROW_NUMBER() CONCAT(column1, column2) LEFT(column_name, n) RIGHT(column_name, n) SQL Equivalent SUBSTRING(column, start, length) LENGTH(column_name) TRIM(column_name) REPLACE(column, old, new) POSITION(substring IN column) TO_CHAR(column, format) CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURRENT_DATE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM column) EXTRACT(MONTH FROM column) SQL Equivalent EXTRACT(DAY FROM column) LAST_DAY(column) DATEDIFF() STRING_AGG(column, delimiter) ROUND(column, decimals) RAND() COUNT(column) POWER(column, exponent) CEIL(column / multiple) * multiple FLOOR(column / multiple) * multiple SQL Equivalent % SUM(A*B) STUFF() POSITION() UPPER() LOWER() INITCAP() COALESCE() CASE WHEN ... IS NULL CASE WHEN column ~ '^\d+$' THEN TRUE ELSE FALSE SQL Equivalent JOIN + WHERE Dynamic SQL MIN() MAX() RANK() PERCENTILE_CONT() PERCENTILE_CONT() DATEDIFF() with conditions CASE + INTERVAL DATEDIFF() SQL Description Computes sum of column values Computes the mean (average) of a column Executes conditional logic Joins tables to find matching values Finds row-wise lookup values Retrieves a value from a column based on position Assigns a row number to values in order Joins multiple text values into one string Extracts the first N characters from a text string Extracts the last N characters from a text string SQL Description Extracts a substring from a text field Returns the number of characters in a text string Removes extra spaces from a text string Replaces occurrences of a substring in a text field Returns the position of a substring Converts a value to text format Returns the current date and time Returns the current date without time Extracts the year from a date Extracts the month from a date SQL Description Extracts the day from a date Returns the last day of the month Returns difference between two dates Joins multiple text values using a delimiter Rounds a number to a specified decimal place Returns a random number between 0 and 1 Counts the number of numeric values in a column Raises a number to a specified power Rounds a number up Rounds a number down SQL Description Returns the remainder after division Multiplies and sums corresponding elements Replaces part of a text string Finds the position of a substring Converts text to uppercase Converts text to lowercase Capitalizes the first letter of each word Returns first non-null value Checks for errors Checks if a value is a number SQL Description Used together to achieve index-match behavior SQL requires dynamic queries Returns the smallest value in a column Returns the largest value in a column Returns the rank of a number within a group Returns the percentile value Returns the quartile value Count weekdays in date range Adds business days to a date Returns the number of days between two dates SQL Examp SELECT SUM(sales) FROM SalesTable; SELECT AVG(sales) FROM SalesTable; SELECT CASE WHEN sales > 10 THEN 'Yes' ELSE 'No' END FROM SalesTable; SELECT B.amount FROM A LEFT JOIN B ON A.ID = B.ID WHERE A.ID = 1001; SELECT * FROM (SELECT column_name FROM table) AS subquery WHERE id = 1001; SELECT column_name FROM table_name LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2; SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Amount) FROM SalesTable; SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) FROM Employees; SELECT LEFT(name, 5) FROM Employees; SELECT RIGHT(name, 5) FROM Employees; SQL Examp SELECT SUBSTRING(name, 3, 4) FROM Employees; SELECT LENGTH(name) FROM Employees; SELECT TRIM(name) FROM Employees; SELECT REPLACE(name, 'old', 'new') FROM Employees; SELECT POSITION('World' IN name) FROM Employees; SELECT TO_CHAR(date_column, 'DD/MM/YYYY') FROM Orders; SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP; SELECT CURRENT_DATE; SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) FROM Orders; SELECT EXTRACT(MONTH FROM order_date) FROM Orders; SQL Examp SELECT EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) FROM Orders; SELECT LAST_DAY(order_date) FROM Orders; SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR, start_date, end_date) FROM Orders; SELECT STRING_AGG(name, ', ') FROM Employees; SELECT ROUND(price, 2) FROM Products; SELECT RAND(); SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Employees; SELECT POWER(salary, 3) FROM Employees; SELECT CEIL(price / 5) * 5 FROM Products; SELECT FLOOR(price / 5) * 5 FROM Products; SQL Examp SELECT 10 % 3; SELECT SUM(A * B) FROM Table; SELECT STUFF('hello', 2, 3, 'xyz'); SELECT POSITION('cat' IN 'My Cat'); SELECT UPPER(name) FROM Employees; SELECT LOWER(name) FROM Employees; SELECT INITCAP(name) FROM Employees; SELECT COALESCE(NULL, 'Error'); SELECT CASE WHEN A / B IS NULL THEN TRUE ELSE FALSE END FROM Table; SELECT CASE WHEN '123' ~ '^\d+$' THEN TRUE ELSE FALSE END; SQL Examp SELECT A.value FROM A JOIN B ON A.id = B.id WHERE B.value = 5; EXEC('SELECT ' + columnName + ' FROM Table'); SELECT MIN(column) FROM Table; SELECT MAX(column) FROM Table; SELECT RANK() OVER (ORDER BY column DESC) FROM Table; SELECT PERCENTILE_CONT(0.5) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY column) FROM Table; SELECT PERCENTILE_CONT(0.25) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY column) FROM Table; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT generate_series('2024-01-01'::date, '2024-01-10'::date, '1 day') AS dt WHERE SELECT DATEADD('day', 10, '2024-01-01') WHERE EXTRACT(DOW FROM DATEADD('day', 10, '2024-01-01')) BET SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY, '2024-01-01', '2024-01-10'); Pandas Equivalent df['column'].sum() df['column'].mean() df['column'].apply(lambda x: "Yes" if x>10 else "No") df.merge(df2, on='ID', how='left') df.T[df.T.index == 1001] df.iloc[row, col] df[df['column'] == 50].index[0] df['column1'] + " " + df['column2'] df['column'].str[:5] df['column'].str[-5:] Pandas Equivalent df['column'].str[2:6] df['column'].str.len() df['column'].str.strip() df['column'].str.replace("old", "new") df['column'].str.find("text") df['column'].dt.strftime("%d/%m/%Y") pd.Timestamp.now() pd.Timestamp.today().date() df['column'].dt.year df['column'].dt.month Pandas Equivalent df['column'].dt.day df['column'] + MonthEnd(1) (df['end_date'] - df['start_date']).dt.days / 365 ', '.join(df['column']) df['column'].round(2) np.random.rand() df['column'].count() df['column'] ** 3 np.ceil(df['column'] / 5) * 5 np.floor(df['column'] / 5) * 5 Pandas Equivalent % np.dot() .str.slice_replace() .str.find() .str.upper() .str.lower() .str.title() .fillna() .isna() .apply(lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, float))) Pandas Equivalent .loc[] .eval() .min() .max() .rank() .quantile() .quantile() pd.bdate_range() pd.offsets.BDay() pd.Timedelta() Pandas Description Computes sum of column values in a Pandas DataFrame Computes the mean (average) of a Pandas Series Returns values based on a condition Joins tables to find matching values Finds values by transposing the DataFrame Retrieves a value from a DataFrame based on row/column index Finds the index of a value in a DataFrame column Joins multiple text values into one string Extracts the first N characters from a Pandas Series Extracts the last N characters from a Pandas Series Pandas Description Extracts a substring from a Pandas Series Returns the number of characters in a Pandas Series Removes extra spaces from a Pandas Series Replaces occurrences of a substring in a Pandas Series Returns the position of a substring in a Pandas Series Converts a date column to a string in Pandas Returns the current date and time in Pandas Returns the current date in Pandas Extracts the year from a date column in Pandas Extracts the month from a date column in Pandas Pandas Description Extracts the day from a date column in Pandas Returns the last day of the month in Pandas Calculates difference between two dates in Pandas Joins multiple text values in Pandas Rounds a number to a specified decimal place in Pandas Returns a random number between 0 and 1 in Pandas Counts non-null values in a Pandas column Raises a number to a specified power in Pandas Rounds a number up in Pandas Rounds a number down in Pandas Pandas Description Returns the remainder after division Computes dot product (similar to SUMPRODUCT) Replaces part of a text string Finds the position of a substring Converts text to uppercase Converts text to lowercase Capitalizes the first letter of each word Replaces errors with a specified value Checks if values are NaN (similar to errors) Checks if a value is a number Pandas Description Retrieves a value using row index and match Evaluates a string as a column reference Returns the smallest value in a column Returns the largest value in a column Returns ranks of numbers in a column Returns the k-th percentile of a column Returns the quartile value Returns business days count between two dates Returns the date after adding business days Returns the number of days between two dates Pandas Example df['sales'].sum() df['sales'].mean() df['sales'].apply(lambda x: "Yes" if x > 10 else "No") df1.merge(df2, on='ID', how='left') df.T.loc[:, 1001] df.iloc[2,1] df[df['amount'] == 50].index[0] df['first_name'] + " " + df['last_name'] df['name'].str[:5] df['name'].str[-5:] Pandas Example df['name'].str[2:6] df['name'].str.len() df['name'].str.strip() df['name'].str.replace("old", "new") df['name'].str.find("World") df['date'].dt.strftime("%d/%m/%Y") pd.Timestamp.now() pd.Timestamp.today().date() df['date'].dt.year df['date'].dt.month Pandas Example df['date'].dt.day df['date'] + pd.offsets.MonthEnd(1) (df['end_date'] - df['start_date']).dt.days / 365 ', '.join(df['name']) df['price'].round(2) np.random.rand() df['salary'].count() df['salary'] ** 3 np.ceil(df['price'] / 5) * 5 np.floor(df['price'] / 5) * 5 Pandas Example df['column'] % 3 np.dot(df['A'], df['B']) df['column'].str.slice_replace(1, 3, 'xyz') df['column'].str.find('cat') df['column'].str.upper() df['column'].str.lower() df['column'].str.title() df['column'].replace(np.nan, 'Error') df['column'].isna() df['column'].apply(lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, float))) Pandas Example df.loc[df['B'] == 5, 'A'].values[0] df.eval('B2') df['column'].min() df['column'].max() df['column'].rank(ascending=False) df['column'].quantile(0.5) df['column'].quantile(0.25) len(pd.bdate_range(start='2024-01-01', end='2024-01-10')) pd.Timestamp('2024-01-01') + pd.offsets.BDay(10) (pd.to_datetime('2024-01-10') - pd.to_datetime('2024-01-01')).days