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Practice ODES

The document is a worksheet for a course on Ordinary Differential Equations, covering various problems including verifying solutions to differential equations, solving initial value problems, and finding general solutions to specific equations. It includes tasks related to both ordinary and partial differential equations, as well as real-world applications involving fluid dynamics and motion. Additionally, it features Cauchy-Euler equations and modified logistic equations.

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Lyton Konde
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4 views2 pages

Practice ODES

The document is a worksheet for a course on Ordinary Differential Equations, covering various problems including verifying solutions to differential equations, solving initial value problems, and finding general solutions to specific equations. It includes tasks related to both ordinary and partial differential equations, as well as real-world applications involving fluid dynamics and motion. Additionally, it features Cauchy-Euler equations and modified logistic equations.

Uploaded by

Lyton Konde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics and Statistics

Mathematics (EMT 3601–Ordinary Differential Equations)


Worksheet
1. Show that each of the functions f (x) given is a solution of the corresponding ordi-
nary differential equation.
d2 y dy
(a) x2 − 3x + 4y = 0, f (x) = 2x2 − x2 ln x.
dx2 dx
d2 y dy
(b) x2 2 − 3x + 13y = 0, f (x) = x2 sin(3 ln x).
dx dx
d2 y dy 1
(c) (1 + x2 ) 2 + 4x + 2y = 0, f (x) = .
dx dx 1 + x2
2. Show that each of the functions u(x, y) given is a solution of the corresponding
ordinary differential equation.
∂u
(a) + y = 0, u(x, y) = −xy + sin y.
∂x
∂ 2u ∂ 2u
(b) + = 0, u(x, y) = 2e−2y cos 2x.
∂x2 ∂y 2
∂ 2u ∂ 2u
(c) − = 0, u(x, y) = −3ey cosh x + x + y.
∂x2 ∂y 2
3. Solve the following differential equations.
dy 1 − e−2x
(a) +y = x .
dx e + e−x
dx
(b) = cos(x + t).
dt
dy  y 2
(c) = 2+ .
dx x
4. Solve the following initial values problems.
dy 1
(a) (1 + x2 ) + xy = , y(0) = 1.
dx 2
dy
(b) x + y = x3 y 3 , y(1) = 1.
dx
5. Show that each of the following differential equations is exact and use that property
to find the general solution.
(a) 2(y + 1)ex dx + 2(ex − 2y)dy = 0.
(b) (2xy + 6x)dx + (x2 + 4y 3 )dy = 0.
dy
(c) (8x − x2 y) + x − xy 2 = 0.
dx
x2
(d) x tan−1 ydx + dy = 0.
2(1 + y 2 )
6. Find the solution of the modified logistic equation
dP
= P (a − bP )(1 − cP −1 ), a, b, c > 0.
dt

7. A large tank is partially filled with 200L of a fluid in which 10kg of sugar is dissolved.
Sugar solution containing 0.5kg of sugar per litre is pumped into the tank at a rate
of 6L min−1 . The well mixed solution is pumped out of at a slower rate of 4L min−1 .
(a) How much sugar is in the tank after t minutes?
(b) How much sugar is left in the tank after 8 minutes?
(c) How much sugar will be in the tank in long run?
8. A man with a toothache leaves home at noon for the dentist whose surgery is 1km
away. He starts by running at 10km h−1 , but gradually slows down so that his
speed is always proportional to his distance from the surgery.
(a) How far does he go in the first 5 minutes.
(b) How long will it take him to get within 100m of the surgery.
(c) When will he arrive? Give a brief comment.
9. Solve the following differential equations.
(a) y 00 − y 0 − 12y = 3e−2x .
(b) y 00 + 5y 0 − 6y = x2 + 1.
10. Find the general to each of the following.
d2 x 1
(a) 2
+y = .
dx 1 + sin x
d2 x
(b) + y = tan x.
dx2
d2 x dy
(c) 2
+2 + 2y = 2e−x tan2 x.
dx dx
11. Solve the following Cauchy-Euler equations
(a) x2 y 00 + xy 0 + 4y = 2x ln x.
(b) (2x − 3)2 y 00 − 6(2x − 3)y 0 + 12y = 0.

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