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comp basics.. data & information

Data is defined as a formal representation of facts, concepts, or instructions suitable for communication or processing. Information is organized data that holds meaningful value for decision-making, requiring characteristics such as timeliness, accuracy, and completeness. The data processing cycle consists of three steps: input, processing, and output, which enhance the usefulness of data.

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3 views

comp basics.. data & information

Data is defined as a formal representation of facts, concepts, or instructions suitable for communication or processing. Information is organized data that holds meaningful value for decision-making, requiring characteristics such as timeliness, accuracy, and completeness. The data processing cycle consists of three steps: input, processing, and output, which enhance the usefulness of data.

Uploaded by

dondamy2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer - Data and

Information

Data can be defined as a representation of facts,


concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner,
which should be suitable for communication,
interpretation, or processing by human or
electronic machine.
Data is represented with the help of characters
such as alphabets (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9) or
special characters (+,-,/,*,<,>,= etc.)

What is Information?
Information is organized or classified data, which
has some meaningful values for the receiver.
Information is the processed data on which
decisions and actions are based.
For the decision to be meaningful, the processed
data must qualify for the following
characteristics −
Timely − Information should be available
when required.
Accuracy − Information should be
accurate.
Completeness − Information should be
complete.
Data Processing Cycle
Data processing is the re-structuring or re-
ordering of data by people or machine to increase
their usefulness and add values for a particular
purpose. Data processing consists of the
following basic steps - input, processing, and
output. These three steps constitute the data
processing cycle.

Input − In this step, the input data is


prepared in some convenient form for
processing. The form will depend on the
processing machine. For example, when
electronic computers are used, the input
data can be recorded on any one of the
several types of input medium, such as
magnetic disks, tapes, and so on.

Processing − In this step, the input data


is changed to produce data in a more
useful form. For example, pay-checks
can be calculated from the time cards, or
a summary of sales for the month can be
calculated from the sales orders.
Output − At this stage, the result of the
proceeding processing step is collected.
The particular form of the output data
depends on the use of the data. For
example, output data may be pay-checks
for employees.

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