Mat 152 - Sas#10
Mat 152 - Sas#10
Module #10
Lesson title: Tree Diagrams & Basic Probability Problems Materials: Student Activity Sheets
Learning Targets:
At the end of the module, students will be able to:
References:
1. Understand the Tree diagram.
https://www.blake.com.au/v/vspfiles/
2. Apply the “Tree diagram” strategies in solving basic real-life
downloadables/PT2_ProblemSolving.pdf
probability problems.
Productivity Tip: Organize your tasks in the order you need to get them done, then block out time on your
calendar to work on each item. As you plan, think about the times you’re most productive.
A. CONNECT
Hello everyone! Let's dive into a new concept called a tree diagram, which helps us understand probabilities.
Imagine a tree with branches. Each branch represents a different possibility or outcome. Tree diagrams help us
see every possible outcome and figure out how likely each one is. It's sort of like drawing a map of different paths
to see which ones are more probable.
B. COACH
A tree diagram is a picture used for making smart choices, figuring out values, or calculating chances of
things happening. Imagine you're trying to make a big decision, like choosing what to do over the weekend. You
can draw a special kind of picture called a tree diagram to help you out. At the very top of the diagram, you start
with just one point, like the starting point of an adventure. From there, lines shoot out like branches on a tree,
leading to more points. Each of these points represents a different choice you could make, or something that
might happen.
For example, you might have to decide whether to go to a friend's party (Point A) or stay home and watch
movies (Point B). Each of these choices leads to more possibilities. If you choose the party, maybe you'll have
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MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
to decide whether to dance or just hang out. If you stay home, maybe you'll need to choose which movie to
watch.
This keeps going until you've thought about all the different choices and what could happen because of
them. Eventually, you'll reach the end of the possible set of choices, where you make your final decision or see
what's most likely to happen. Tree diagram is exploring all the possibilities before you make a decision. That's
how a tree diagram helps you figure things out.
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MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
This topic is connected to the next lesson, so you should first learn the basic rules of computing probability.
Probability Computation: For equally likely outcomes, the probability of event A is given by:
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
𝑃(𝐴) =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
The Addition Rule helps when events are connected, like when one thing happening affects another. It also
works for events that can both happen or events that can't both happen at the same time. On the other hand,
the Multiplication Rule is for when events don't affect each other, like flipping a coin and rolling a dice at the
same time.
Addition Rule → For 2 events, A and B, the probability of selecting one event or another is given by:
P (A or B) = P(A) + P(B) − P (A and B).
Multiplication Rule → For 2 independent events, A and B, where the outcome of A does not change the
probability of B, the probability of A and B is given by: P (A and B) = P(A) × P(B).
Example: You have two types of drinks (Juice and Soda) and three types of snacks (Chips, Cookies, and
Fruit). We want to determine the probabilities of different combinations of drinks and snacks a guest might
choose.
Step 1. Identify the Events
● Event 1: Choosing a drink.
● Event 2: Choosing a snack.
Step 2. List the Possible Outcomes for Each Event
● Drinks: Juice (J), Soda (S).
● Snacks: Chips (C), Cookies (Co), Fruit (F).
●
Learning Modules by PHINMA Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
International License.
MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
Learning Modules by PHINMA Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
International License.
MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
Tree diagrams can help in making decisions for event planning, such as understanding the likelihood of
different combinations of choices made by guests, which in turn can help in better planning the quantities of
different items to be purchased. This method can be extended to more complex scenarios with more choices or
additional stages of decisions.
Learning Modules by PHINMA Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
International License.
MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
C. CHECK
C.1 Check for Understanding
You're ordering pizza from your favorite pizzeria, and they offer three different sizes (small, medium, large) and
four different toppings (cheese, pepperoni, sausage, vegetarian). You want to know the probability of getting
Medium with Pepperoni on top. Use the step-by-step process of creating a tree diagram and calculate possible
probabilities.
D. CONCLUDE
D.1 Summary / Frequently Asked Questions
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International License.
MAT 152: Mathematics in the Modern World
Module #10
Think about your Learning, Is it Easy? Average” or Difficult? Let’s talk about your learning experience.
1. Were there any parts of the lesson that you found challenging? If so, which ones and why?
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2. What routines, behaviors, actions help you learn better? Describe how it helps.
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Learning Modules by PHINMA Education is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
International License.