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Control_Structures

The document outlines the decision-making constructs in Python, including various forms of if statements and the importance of indentation for defining code blocks. It also describes iterative constructs such as while and for loops, detailing their syntax and optional else statements. Additionally, it covers unconditional control transfer statements like break, continue, and pass.

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Saransh Gupta
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2 views

Control_Structures

The document outlines the decision-making constructs in Python, including various forms of if statements and the importance of indentation for defining code blocks. It also describes iterative constructs such as while and for loops, detailing their syntax and optional else statements. Additionally, it covers unconditional control transfer statements like break, continue, and pass.

Uploaded by

Saransh Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Decision making

 Conditional construct available in Python are


 if statement
 if …… else statement
 if …… elif ….. else statement
 Nested / chained statement
if condition / test expression :
statement(s)
 : at the end of if indicates continuation of statement
 Statement(s) belonging to if are indented to indicate block of code to be
executed, if condition is satisfied
 Indentation is used to form a block of statement in Python. All statement at same
indent level are considered in same block.
 Usually four spaces are used to start a new block, but it can be any number of
spaces or even tab(s) may be used.
 First unindented statement marks end of block.
if condition / test expression :
statement(s)
else :
statement(s)
if condition / test expression :
statement(s)
elif condition / test expression :
statement(s)
:
:
else :
statement(s)
 There will only be one else in an if statement.
 Nested condition - An if statement can be placed inside if, just like any other
statement.
 There can be chain of elif statement in one if.

Iterative construct
 Python provide two types of looping construct
 while
 for
While loop
 while test expression / condition :
statement(s)
[else:
statement(s)] optional
• When test expression written in while returns false then the else
statement if present, gets executed.
For loop
 for var(iteratorVar) in sequence :
statement(s)
[ else :
statement(s) ] optional
• Sequence is any sequence data type viz list, tuple, dictionary.
• Else statement, if given, will execute immediately after for block, always.
• Apart from sequence type, for loop can iterate over range() function, file,
etc.
• range function
➢ range(start, stop, step)
➢ Generates a sequence of numbers beginning from start till
stop-1
➢ Step signifies the interval between the terms
➢ We can have negative value for step when start> stop
➢ First and third arguments are optional
➢ Default value of start is 0 and step is 1

Unconditional transfer of control


 break statement
 Transfers control out of the loop
 continue statement
 Skips current iteration in the loop
 pass statement
 Valid executable statement. Used to replace the section of code to be
defined later

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