CHAPTER 3: MOTION IN A STRIGHT LINE

QUESTION BANK
A. DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY
1. A car is moving along x-axis. As shown in figure it moves from O to P in 18
seconds and return from P to Q in 6 second. What are the average velocity and
average speed of the car in going from (i) O to P (ii) from O to P and back
to Q?

2. In fig. a particle moves along a circular path of radius 10 m. It starts from

point A and moves anticlockwise. Find the distance travelled by the particle as
it (a) moves from A and B (ii) moves from A to C (iii) moves A to D (iv)
Completes one revolution. Also find the magnitude of displacement in each
case.

3A cyclist moving on a circular track of radius 100 m completes one revolution

in 4 minutes. What is his i) average speed ii) average velocity in one full
revolution?
4.A body travels the first half of the total distance with velocity v 1 and the
second half with velocity v2. Calculate the average velocity.
5. A body travels from a to b at 40m/s and from b to a at 60m/s, Calculate the
average speed and average velocity of the object.
6. On a 60km track, a train travels the first 30km with a uniform
speed of 30km h−1. How fast must the train travel the next 30km so
as to average 40km h−1 for the entire trip?
7. A train moves with speed of 30km/h in the first 15 min with
another speed of 40 km/h the next 15 min and then with a
speed of 60km/h in the last 30min. Calculate the average speed
of the train for the journey.
B. Numericals based on velocity and acceleration:
1. The displacement (in meter) of a particle moving along the x-axis is
given x=18t+5t2. Calculate: (A) The instantaneous velocity at t = 2 sec
(B) Average velocity between t = 2 sec and t = 3 sec
2. The displacement (in metre) of a particle moving along X axis is given by
x=3t2+5t+5. Calculate: (i) Instantaneous velocity at t=2s, (ii) Average velocity
between t=2s & t=4s, (iii) Instantaneous acceleration at t=2s.
C. Numericals based on motion with uniform acceleration (equations of
motion)
1. A race car accelerates on a straight road from rest to a speed of 180 km/h in
25s. Assuming uniform acceleration of the car throughout, find the distance
covered in this time. (Ans: 625m)
2. A bullet travelling with a velocity of 16m/s penetrates a tree trunk and comes
to rest in 0.4m. Find the time taken during the retardation. (Ans: 0.05s)
3. A car moving along a straight highway with a speed of 72km/h is brought to
a stop within a distance of 100m. What is the retardation of the car and how
long does it take for the car to stop? (Ans: 2m/s-2 ,10s)
4. A body covers a distance of 4m in 3rd second and 12m in 5th second. If the
motion is uniformly accelerated, how far will it travel in the next 3 seconds?
(Ans: 60m)
5. An object is moving with uniform acceleration. Its velocity after 5 seconds is
25m/s and after 8 seconds, it is 34m/s. Find the distance travelled by the object
in 12th second. (Ans: 44.5m)
6. A body covers a distance of 20m in the 7th second and 24m in the 9th
second. How much shall it cover in 15th second? (Ans: 36m)
D. Numericals based on stopping distance and reaction time:
1. A driver takes 0.2 s to apply the brakes after he sees a need for it. This is
called the reaction time of the driver. If he is driving car at a speed of 54km/h
and the brakes causes a deceleration of 6.0m/s2, find the distance travelled by
the car after he sees the need to put the brakes. (Ans: 21.75m)
2. The reaction time for an automobile driver is 0.6s. If the automobile can be
decelerated at 5m/s2, calculate the total distance travelled in coming to stop
from an initial velocity of 30km/h, after a signal is observed. (Ans: 11.94m)
E. Numerical based on FREE FALL:
1.A ball thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 19.6 m/s from the top of a
tower returns to the earth in 6s. Find the height of the tower. (Ans: 58.8m)
2. A ball thrown up is caught by the thrower after 4s. How high did it go and
with what velocity was it thrown? How far was it below the highest point 3s
after it was thrown? (Ans: initial velocity = 19.6m/s, height=19.6m, at
3sec height = 4.9m)
3. A stone thrown upwards from the top of a tower 85m high, reaches the
ground in 5 s. Find i) the greatest height above the ground ii) velocity with
which it reaches the ground iii) time taken to reach the maximum height. Take
g=10m/s2. (Ans: i) 88.2m ii) 42m/s iii) 0.8s)
4. A rocket is fired vertically from the ground with a resultant vertical
acceleration of 10m/s. The fuel is finished in 1 minute and it continues to move
up. What is the maximum height reached? (Ans : 36.4km)
5. From the top of a tower 100m in height a ball is dropped and at the same time
another ball is projected vertically upwards from the ground with velocity of
25m/s. Find when and where the two balls will meet. Take g=9.8m/s2.
(Ans: 78.4 from top, 4s).
 CHAPTER 4: MOTION IN A PLANE
I. VECTOR OPERATION:
1. Prove that the two vectors are perpendicular to each other.
A = 5i +5j B = 5i – 5j
2. A bird flies from (-3m, 4m, -3m) to (-7m, -2m, -3m) in the xyz co-
ordinates. Find the bird’s displacement in unit vectors.
3. Modulus of A vector: A = 8i – 6j+5k
4. Add and find the magnitude of the given two vectors: A = 10i+4j and
B = 15i+10k
5. Find The scalar product of the vectors A = 3i+2j and B = i-2j+3k
6. A force of 10i+16j newton makes a body move on a rough plane
with a velocity of 2i+4k m/s. Calculate the power in watt.
7. For what value of ‘z’ the following vectors are perpendicular to each
other. A = 2i+zj+k and B = 4i-2j-2k
8. Using scalar product, find the angle in degrees between the vectors
A = i+j+k and B = -i-j+2k
9. Find the vector product of the following vectors:A = 2i-3j+6k and B =
i+j-k
10. If A and B are two such vectors that modulus of A = 2, modulus of B
= 7 and AxB = 3i+2j+6k, find the angle between A and B in degrees.
11. Calculate the area of the parallelogram whose two adjacent sides are
formed by the vectors A = 3i+4j and B = -3i+7j.
12.Prove that the vectors A = 4i+3j+k and B = 12i+9j+3k are parallel to
each other.
13. Find the value of ‘m’ in the unit vector 0.4i+0.8j+mk.
II. RESOLVING INTO COMPONENTS:
1. A force is inclined at 30 degree to the horizontal. If its rectangular
component in the horizontal direction be 30N, find the magnitude of the
force and its vertical component.
2. An aeroplane takes off at an angle of 30o to the horizontal. If the component
of its velocity along the horizontal is 200 km/hr, what is its actual velocity?
3. A child pulls a rope attached to a stone with a force of 80 N. The rope makes
and angle of 40o to the ground. (i) Calculate the effective value of the pull
tending to move the stone along the ground. (ii) Calculate the force tending
to lift the stone.
4. A velocity of 10 m/s has its Y-component 5 m/s. Calculate its X component.
III. FINDING RESULTANT:
1. Rain is falling vertically with a speed of 30 m/s. A woman rides a
bicycle with a speed of 10 m/s in the north to south direction. What is
the direction in which she should hold her umbrella then?
2. The greatest and the least resultant of two forces acting at a point are
29N and 5 N respectively. If each force is increased by 3 N, find the
resultant.
3. A body is simultaneously given two velocities, one 4 m/s due east and
other 3 m/s due south. Find the resultant velocity.
4. A boat is sent across a river with a velocity of 8 km/hr. If the resultant
velocity of boat is 10 km/hr, then the velocity of river is ____
IV. ANGULAR PROJECTION:
1. What is the angle between velocity and acceleration of a projectile at
the uppermost point.
2. Two projectiles are projected with the same velocity. If one is projected
at an angle of 30 degree and other at 60 degree to the horizontal, then
the ratio of angle of projection is____
3. A missile is fired for maximum range with an initial velocity of 20 m/s.
If g= 10 m/s2, find the range of the missile.
4. If range and height of a projectile are equal, the angle of projection is
__
5. A body is projected with a velocity of 20 m/s in a direction making an
angle of 30 degree with the horizontal. Calculate its i) position after 0.5
s and ii) velocity after 0.5 s.
V. HORIZONTAL PROJECTION:
1. A plane is flying horizontally at a height of 1000 m with a velocity
of 100 ms−1 when a bomb is released from it. Find
a) the time taken by it to reach the ground.
b) the velocity with which the bomb hits the ground.
c) the horizontal distance it travels before it hits the ground.
2. From the top of a 19.6 m high tower, a ball is thrown horizontally. If the
line joining the point of projection to the point where it hits the ground, makes
an angle of 45∘ with the horizontal, then the initial velocity of the ball is
_____
3. Two tall buildings are situated 200 m apart. With what speed must a ball be
thrown horizontally from the window 540 m above the ground in one
building, so that it will enter a window 50 m above the ground in the other?
4. An aeroplane is flying in a horizontal direction with a
velocity 600kmh−1 at a height of 1960m. When it is vertically above the
point A on the ground, a body is dropped from it. The body strikes the ground
at point B. Calculate the distance AB.
VI. UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION:
1. The angular speed of a fly wheel making 120 revolutions/minute is _____
2. If a cycle wheel of radius 4m completes one revolution in two seconds,
then acceleration of the cycle is _____
3. A stone tied to the end of a string 80 cm long is whirled in a horizontal
circle with a constant speed. If the stone makes 14 revolutions in 25 s, what
is the magnitude and direction of acceleration of the stone ?
4. A particle moves in a circle of radius 5cm with constant speed and time
period 0.2π s. The acceleration of the particle is ______
5. An electric fan has blades of length 30cm as measured from the axis of
rotation. If the fan is rotating at 1200rpm, the acceleration of a point on the
tip of the blade is about _______
6. A body is whirled in a horizontal circle of radius 20 cm. It has an angular
velocity of 10 rad/s. What is its linear velocity at any point on circular
path?
7. An insect trapped in circular groove of radius 12 cm moves along the
groove steadily and completes revolutions in 100 s. (a) What is the angular
speed of motion? (b) Is the acceleration vector constant ? What is its
magnitude?

VII. ONE MARK QUESTION:

1. Are the magnitude and direction of A-B and B-A are same?
2. What is the value of AxA?
3. Calculate the value of i.j?
4. A man can jump on the moon six times as high as on the earth. Why?
5. Is the rocket in flight an example of projectile?
6. What will be the effect on horizontal range of a projectile when its
initial velocity is doubled, keeping the angle of projection same?
7. Write the condition for two vectors to be 9i) parallel ii) perpendicular
to each other.
8. When a knife is sharpened with the help of a rotating griding stone, the
spark always travels tangentially to it. Why?
9. What is the angle between velocity vector and acceleration in UCM?
10. Justify that a UCM is an accelerated motion.
Ch 5: LAWS OF MOTION
I. LINEAR MOMENTUM AND NEWTON’S SECOND LAW:
1. A sooterist moving with a speed of 36 k m h − 1 36 � � ℎ - 1 sees a
child standing in the middle of the road. He applies the brakes and brings
the scooter to rest in 5 s just in time to save child. Calculate the average
retarding force on the vehicle, if mass of the vehicle and driver is 300 kg.
2. A force of 10N is applied on a body that produces an acceleration of 1
ms-2 . Find the mass of the body.
3. A force of 6N acts on a body at rest of mass 1 kg. During this time, the
body attains a velocity of 30 m/s. Find the time for which the force acts on
the body.
4. A body of mass 2 kg moves with an velocity 10 m/s. Find momentum.
5. A rocket with a lift - off mass 3.5 × 104kg is blasted upwards with an
initial acceleration of 10 m/s2. Find the initial thrust of the blast
6. A ship of mass 3×10^7 kg, initially at rest, is pulled by a force of 5 × 104
N through a distance of 3 m. Assuming that the resistance due to water is
negligible, find the speed attained by the ship.
7. A body of mass m moves along X-axis such that its position coordinate
at any instant t is x= at4-bt3+ct, where a,b,c,d are constants What is the
force acting on the particle at instant?
8. A force vector applied on a mass is represented as F=6i−8j+10k and
accelerates with 1m/s2. What will be the mass of the body?
II. IMPULSE AND CHANGE IN MOMENTUM:
1. A body of mass m hits normally a rigid wall with velocity v and
bounces back with the same velocity. Find the impulse experienced by
the body.
2. A cricketer catches a ball of mass 150 g in 0.1 s moving with speed 20
m/s , find the force experienced by the ball.
3. A body of mass 3 kg hits a wall at an angle of 60 o and returns at the
same angle. The impact time was 0.2 sec. Find the forces exerted on the
wall.
4. The force F acting on a particle of mass ′m′ is indicated by the force -
time graph shown below. The change in momentum of the particle over
the time interval from zero to 8 s is ____

5. A body of mass 2kg moves with an acceleration 3ms −2 . The change

in momentum in one second is ______
6. Calculate the impulse necessary to stop a 1500 kg car travelling at 60
km/hr.
7. A force acting on a body of mass 2 kg varies with time as shown in
figure. find impulse of force and final velocity of force.

III. APPARENT WEIGHT OF A MAN IN LIFT:

5. A body of mass 15 kg is hung by a spring balance in a lift. What would
be the reading of the balance when (the lift is ascending with an
acceleration of 2 ms 2 (ii) descending with the same acceleration (iii)
descending with a constant velocity of 2 ms? Take g = 10 ms.

6. A lift of mass 1000 Kg which is moving with acceleration of 1 m/s -2 in

upward direction, then the tension developed in string which is
connected to lift is ____
7. A man weighs 80kg. He stands on a weighing scale in a lift which is
moving upwards with a uniform acceleration of 5 m/s2. What would be
the reading on the scale.
8. The mass of lift is 2000 kg. When the tension in the supporting cable is
28000 N, then its acceleration is _______.
IV. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM:
6. A man fires a bullet of mass 200 g at a speed of 5 ms-1. The gun is of 1
kg mass. By what velocity the gun rebounds back?
7. A 1 kg stationary bomb is exploded in three parts having mass ratio
1:1:2. Parts having same mass move in perpendicular directions with
velocity 30 m/s, then the velocity of bigger part will be
______.
8. A body of mass M moving with velocity V explodes into two equal
parts. If one comes to rest and the other body moves with velocity v ,
what would be the value of v?
9. A body of mass 0.25 kg is projected with muzzle velocity 100 m/s .
from the tank of mass 100kg Calculate the recoils velocity of the tank.
10. A body of mass 5 kg explodes at rest into three fragments with masses
in the ratio 1 : 1 : 3. The fragments with equal masses fly in mutually
perpendicular directions with speeds of 21 m/s. The velocity of heaviest
fragments in m/s will be ________.
V. EQUILIBRIUM OF CONCURRENT FORCES AND LAMI’S
THEOREM:
1. A mass of 6 kg is suspended by a rope of length 2 m from a ceiling. A
force of 50 N in the horizontal direction is applied at the mid-point of the
rope, as shown in Fig (a). What is the angle the rope makes with the
vertical in equilibrium?

(a) (b) (c)

2. Determine the tensions T2 and T1 in the strings as shown in figure (b).

3. A body of weight 200 N is suspended with the help of strings as shown
in figure (c). Find the tension T1, T2.
VI. MOTION OF CONNECTED BODIES:
8. Three blocks are connected as shown in the figure, on a horizontal
frictionless table and pulled to the right with a force of 60N. if M1
=10kg, M2=20kg and M3=30kg then the value of T1 & T2.

9. Three blocks of masses 2 kg,3 kg and 5 kg are connected to each other

with light string and are then placed on a frictionless surface as shown in
 the figure. The system is pulled by a force F=10 N, then tension T1=
_________.

3. Two masses M1 and M2 are attached to a string, which passes over a

friction-less fixed pulley as shown in the fig. Given that M1=10kg, M2
=6kg and g=10ms−2. What is the acceleration of the masses?

VII. FRICTION:
1. The coefficient of friction between tyres and road is 0.5. If an automobile is
travelling at a speed of 28m/s, it will come to rest after travelling how much
distance?
2. If the coefficient of friction is 3 , find the angle of friction.
3. A block of mass 60 kg just slides over a horizontal distance of 0.9 m. If the
coefficient of friction between their surface is 0.15 then work done against
friction will be ______
4. An object is moving on a plane surface uniform velocity 10ms−1 in
presence of a force 10N. The frictional force between the object and the
surface is ______.
 Ch 6: WORK, ENERGY & POWER
Section A.
1.In which case is the work done zero?
a) Force and displacement are perpendicular to each other
b) Force and displacement are in the same direction
c) Force and displacement are at an angle of 45❑∘
d) Force and displacement are at an angle of 75❑∘.
m
2.If ⃗F = (60 i^ + 15 ^j - 3 k^ ) N and ⃗v = (2 i^ - 4 ^j + 5 k^ ) s , then instantaneous

power is
a) 45 watt b) 195 watt c) 100 watt d) 75 watt.
3.The change in kinetic energy of a particle is equal to the
a) work done on it by some force b) work done on it by the net force.
c) work done on it by the aerodynamic force d) loss in ambient kinetic energy..
4.A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of
volume 30m❑3 in 15 min. If the tank is 40 m above the ground, and the
efficiency of the pump is 30%, how much electric power is consumed by the
pump?
a) 33.6 kW b) 45.2 kW c) 38.3 kW d) 43.3kW.
5.A ball of mass 2 kg and another of mass 4 kg are dropped together from a 60
feet tall building. After a fall of 30 feet each towards earth, their respective
kinetic energies will be in the ratio of
a) 1 : 4 b) 1 : 2 c) 1 :√ 2 d) √ 2 : 1.
6.A particle of mass m❑1 is moving with a velocity v ❑1 and another particle of
mass m ❑2 is moving with a velocity v ❑2 . Both of them have the same
momentum but their different kinetic energies are E ❑1 and E ❑2 respectively. If
m ❑1 > m ❑2 , then
a) E❑1 = E ❑2 b) E❑1 > E ❑2 c) E ❑1 < E ❑2 d)
E1 m1
= .
E2 m2

7.A body moving with a velocity v, breaks up into two equal parts. One of the
parts retraces back with velocity v. Then the velocity of the other part is
a) v in forward direction b) 3v in forward direction
c) v in backward direction d) 3v in backward direction.
8.How many joules of energy does a 100 - watt light bulb use per hour? How
fast would a 70 - kg person have to run to have that amount of kinetic energy?
a) 360000 J, 101m/s b) 320000 J, 130 m/s
c) 380000 J, 120 m/s d) 340000 J, 140 m/s.
9.A spacecraft of mass M and moving with velocity v suddenly breaks in two
pieces of the same mass m. After the explosion one of the masses m becomes
stationary. What is the velocity of the other part of craft?
Mv Mv M −m
a) m b) v c) M −m d) m
v.
m
10.A particle moves with a velocity (5 i^ - 3 ^j + 6 k^ ) s under the influence of a

constant force ⃗F = (10 i^ + 10 ^j + 20 k^ ) N. The instantaneous power applied to

the particle is
a) 140 Js❑−1 b) 170 Js❑−1 c) 40 Js❑−1 d) 200 Js❑−1.
Section B
11.A woman pushes a trunk on a railway platform which has a rough surface.
She applies a force of 100 N over a distance of 10 m. Thereafter, she gets
progressively tired and her applied force reduces linearly with distance to 50 N.
The total distance through which the trunk has been moved is 20 m. Plot the
force applied by the woman and the frictional force, which is 50 N versus
displacement. Calculate the work done by the two forces over 20 m.
12.A railway carriage of mass 9000 kg moving with a speed of 36 kmh ❑−1
collides with a stationary carriage of the same mass. After the collision, the
carriages get coupled and move together. What is their common speed after
collision? What type of collision is this?
13.If the linear momentum of a body increases by 20%, what will be the %
increase in the kinetic energy of the body?
14.If the kinetic energy of a body increases by 300%, by what % will the linear
momentum of the body increase?
15.A bullet weighing 10g is fired with a velocity of 800 ms ❑−1 . After passing
through a mud wall 1 m thick, its velocity decreases to 100 ms ❑−1 . Find the
average resistance offered by the mud wall.
16.A ball moving with a speed of 9 ms ❑−1 strikes an identical ball such that
after the collision to direction of each ball makes an angle 30 ❑o with the
original, line of motion. Find the speeds of the two balls after the collision. Is
the kinetic energy conserved in the collision process?
17.An electron and a proton are detected in a cosmic ray experiment, the first
with kinetic energy 10 keV, and the second with 100 keV. Which is faster, the
electron or the proton? Obtain the ratio of their speeds. (electron mass =
−31
9.11× 10 kg, proton mass = 1.67 ×10−27 kg, 1 eV = 1.60 ×10−19 J).
18.A bullet of mass 0.01 kg and travelling at a speed of 500 ms ❑−1 strikes a
block of mass 2 kg which is suspended by a string of length 5 m. The centre of
gravity of the block is found to rise a vertical distance of 0.1 m. What is the
speed of the bullet after it emerges from the block? Take g = 9.8 ms ❑−2 .
19.The force applied by a man in pushing a block varies with displacement as
shown in the figure. If the force is expressed in Newton and displacement in
meters, find the work done by him.

20.A ball moving with a speed of 9 m/s strikes an identical ball at rest, such that
after collision, the direction of each ball makes an angle of 30 ❑0 with the
original line of motion. Find the speed of the two balls after collision.
21.A body of mass m moving with speed v collides elastically head - on with
another body of mass m initially at rest. Show that the moving body will come
to a stop as a result of this collision.
22.A body of mass 3 kg is under a constant force, which causes a displacement
1 2
S in metre in it, given by the relation S = 3 t , where sis in meters andt is

inseconds. Find the work done by the force in 2s.

23.To simulate car accidents, auto manufacturers study the collisions of moving
cars with mounted springs of different spring constants. Consider a typical
simulation with a car of mass 1000 kg moving with a speed of 18.0 kmh ❑−1 on
a smooth road and colliding with a horizontally mounted spring of spring
constant 5.25 × 10 ❑3 Nm ❑−1 . What is the maximum compression of the
spring?

CHAPTER 7: SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL

MOTION
ASSIGNMENT - 1
I. Numericals on equations of rotational motion:
1. On the application of a constant torque, a wheel is turned from rest through
400 radians in 10 s. Find i. angular acceleration ii. Angular velocity of wheel
after 20s from start.
(a) 8 rad/s2, 160 rad/s (b) 4 rad/s2, 140 rad/s
(c) 2 rad/s2, 120 rad/s (d) 10 rad/s2, 140 rad/s
2. The angular speed of a motor wheel is increased from 1200 rpm to 3120 rpm
in 16 seconds.
i. The initial and final angular velocity is _________________
ii. Angular acceleration is _______________
iii. How many revolutions does the wheel make during this time?
(a) 580 (b) 560 (c) 576 (d) 550
3. The radius of a wheel of a car is 0.4 m. The car is accelerated from rest by an
angular acceleration of 1.5 rad/s2 for 20 s.
i. Angular displacement is _______
 ii. How much distance the wheel covers in this time interval?
(a) 120 m (b) 100 m (c) 140 m (d) 110 m
iii. Angular and linear velocity ______ and ________
5. A grindstone has a constant acceleration of 4 rad/s. Starting from rest,
calculate the regular speed of the grindstone 2.5s later. (Ans: 10
rad/s)

6. The speed f the motor increases from 600 rpm to 1200 rpm in 20 s. What is
its angular acceleration and how many revolutions does it make during this
time? (Ans:3.14rad/s2, 300)
7. On the application of a constant torque, a wheel is turned from rest through 400
radians in 10s.
(i) Find angular acceleration
(ii) If same torque continues to act, what will be angular velocity of the wheel
after 20 s from start? (Ans: 6.25 rad/ s2, 100 rad/s)
8. The motor of an engine is rotating about its axis with an angular velocity of
100 rpm. It comes to rest in 15 s after being switched off. Assuming constant
angular deceleration, calculate the number of revolutions made by it before
coming to rest. (Ans: 12.5)
9. A car is moving at a speed of 72 km/hr. The diameter of its wheels is 0.50m.
if the wheels are stopped in 20 rotations by applying brakes, calculate the
angular retardation produced by the brakes. (Ans: -25.5rad/ s2)
10. A flywheel rotating at 420 rpm slows down at a constant rate of 2 rad/s 2.
What time is required to stop the flywheel? (Ans: 22 sec)
Numericals on Torque and angular momentum:
1. The Classroom door is of width 50 cm. If the Handle of the door is 20 cm from the
edge and the Force of 2 N is applied on the handle. Compute the torque.
(a) 0.6 Nm (b) 0.8 Nm (c) 1.0 Nm (d) 0.4 Nm
2. The width of a door is 40 cm. If it is released by exerting a force of 2 N at its edge
(away from the hinges).Compute the torque produced which causes the door
to open.
(a) 0.6 Nm (b) 0.8 Nm (c) 1.0 Nm (d) 0.4 Nm
3. Find the torque of a force 7i-3j-5k about the origin which acts on a particle whose
position vector is i+j-k.
 (a) -8i-2j-10k (b) -8i+2j-10k (c) -8i-2j+10k (d) -8i+2j+10k
4. The angular momentum of a car of mass 1500 kg moving in a circular track of radius
50 m with a speed of 40 m/s is _____________
5. An electron of mass 9x10-31 kg revolves in a circle of radius 0.53x10-10 m around
the nucleus of hydrogen with a velocity of 2.2 x 106 m/s. Show that its
angular momentum is equal to h/2, where h is Plank’s constant of value
6.6x10-34 Js.
6. Mass of an electron is 9x10-31 kg. It revolves around the nucleus of an atom in a
circular orbit of radius 4x10-10 m with a speed of 6 x 106 m/s. Calculate the
angular momentum of the electron. (Ans: 3
x106kgm2s-1)

Numerical on Moment of inertia:

1. A wheel of mass 8 kg and radius of gyration 25 cm is rotating at 300 rpm.
The moment of inertia is _______
(a) 0.8 kgm2 (b) 0.6 kgm2 (c) 0.7 kgm2 (d) 0.5 kgm2
2. Three mass points m1, m2 and m3 are located at the vertices of an
equilateral of length 'a'. The moment of inertia of the system about an
axis along the altitude of the triangle passing through m1, is _________
3. Three balls of masses 1, 2 and 3 kg respectively are arranged at the
corners of an equilateral triangle of side 1m. What will be the M. I. of the
system about an axis through the centroid and perpendicular to the plane
of triangle?
4. Four particles of masses 4 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg and 5 kg are respectively located
at the four corners A, B, C, D of a square of side 1 m. Calculate the
moment of inertia of the system about
(i) the axis passing through point of intersection of the diagonals and
perpendicular to the plane of the square.
ii) the side AB iii)the diagonal BD
 5. A body of mass 50 g is revolving about an axis in a circular path. The
distance of the centre of mass of the body from the axis of rotation is
50 cm. Find the moment of inertia of the body.
(a) 0.0125 kgm2 (b) 0.125 kgm2 (c) 0.00125 kgm2 (d) 25 kgm2
6. Three particles (each of mass 10 g) are situated at the three corners of an
equilateral triangle of side 5 cm. Determine the moment of inertia of this
system about an axis passing through one corner of the triangle and
perpendicular to the plane of the triangle. (Ans: 5x10-5kg m2)
7. The point masses of 0.3 kg, 0.2 kg and 0.1 kg are placed at the corner of a
right angles ΔABC, as shown in Fig. Find the moment of inertia of the
system (i) about an axis through A and perpendicular to the plane of the
diagram and (ii) about an axis along BC.

(Ans: 0.043 kgm2, 0.027 kgm2)

8. Four point masses of 20 g each are placed at the corners of a square ABCD of
side 5 cm. Find the moment of inertia of the system i) about an axis
coinciding with the side BC ii) about an axis through A and perpendicular to
the plane of the square. (Ans: 1000 g cm2, 2000 g cm2)
Numerical on rotational kinetic energy:
1. A wheel is rotating at a rate of 1000 rpm and its kinetic energy is 10 6 J.
The moment of inertia of the wheel about its axis of rotation is _______
(a) 180 kgm2 (b) 182 kgm2 (c) 190 kgm2 (d) 185 kgm2
2. A wheel of mass 5 kg and radius 0.4 m is rolling on a road without
sliding with angular velocity 10 rad/s. The moment of inertia of the wheel
is 0.65 kgm2 . Find:
i) Translational energy _______
ii) Rotational energy ___________
 iii) Total kinetic energy ___________
What is the percentage of kinetic energy of rotation in the total kinetic
energy of the wheel? (Ans: 44.8%)
3. A body of mass 2 kg is evolving in a horizontal circle of radius 2 m at the
rate of 2 revolutions per second. Determine (i) moment of inertia of the
body (ii) rotational kinetic energy of the body. (Ans: 8 kgm2, 631.65J)
4. A thin hollow cylinder open at both ends and weighing 5 kg (a) slides with
a speed of 5 m/s without rotating and (b) rolls with the same speed
without slipping. Compare the K.E. of the cylinder in the two cases.
(Ans: 1:2)

Numerical on conservation of angular momentum:

1. A small block is rotating in a horizontal circle at the end of a thread which
passes down through a hole at the centre of a table top. If the system
is rotating at 2.5rev/s in a circle of 30cm. radius, what will be the speed
of rotation when thread is pulled inwards to decrease the radius to 10cm.
(Ans: 22.5 rps)
2. A mass of 2 kg is rotating on a circular path of radius 0.8 m with angular
velocity of 44 rad/s. If the radius of the path becomes 1.0m, what will be the
value of angular velocity? (Ans: 28.16 rad/s)
3. An ice skater spins with arms outstretched at 1.9 rps. Her moment of inertia
at this instant is 1.33 kg m². She pulls in her arms to increase her rate of spin. If
the moment of inertia is 0.48 kg m² after she pulls in her arms, what is her new
rate of rotation ? (Ans: 5.26rps)

4. A ball tied to a string takes 4s to complete one revolution along a horizontal

circle. If by pulling the cord, the radius of the circle is reduced to half, how
much time will the ball take to complete one revolution? (Ans: 1 s)
 NATIONAL MODEL SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
PEELAMEDU – COIMBATORE

CLASS : XI PHYSICS
CHAPTER 8: GRAVITATION
I. Numericals on variation of ‘g’ with altitude:
1. At what height from the surface of the earth will the value of g be reduced by
36% from the value at the surface? Radius of the earth = 6400km. (Ans: 1600km)
2. At what height above the earth’s surface, the value of g is half of its value on
earth’s surface? Given its radius is 6400 km. (Ans: 2649.6km)
3. Find the percentage decrease in the weight of a body when taken to a height
of 32 km above the surface of the earth. Radius of the earth = 400km.(Ans:1%)
4. Find the value of g at a height of 400 km above the surface of earth. Given R
= 6400km and g = 9.8 m/s2. (Ans: 8.575 m/s2)
5. The Mount Everest is 8848m above sea level. Estimate the acceleration due
to gravity at this height, given that mean g on the surface of the earth is 9.8m/s 2
and mean radius of earth is 6.37x106m. (Ans:9.772m/s2)
6. How far away from the surface of earth does the acceleration due to gravity
become 4% of its value on the surface of earth? Assume Radius of the earth =
6400km. (Ans: 25,600 km)
7. At what height above the surface of the earth will the acceleration due to
gravity be 25 % of its value on the surface of the earth? Assume that the radius
of the earth is 6400 km. (Ans: 6400 km)
8. The radius of the earth is 6400 km. What will be the weight of a 120 kgf body if it
is taken to a height of 2000 km above the surface of the earth? (Ans: 67.5kgf)
II. Numericals on variation of ‘g’ with depth:
1. Find the value of acceleration due to gravity in a mine at depth of 80 km from
the surface of the earth. Radius of the earth as 6400 km. (Ans: 9.68m/s2)
2. How much below the surface of the earth does the acceleration due to gravity
become 70% of its value at the surface of the earth? Radius of the earth as
6400 km. (Ans: 1920 km)
3. How much below the surface of the earth does the acceleration due to gravity
(i) reduces to 36% (ii) reduces by 36% of its value on the surface of the earth?
Radius of the earth as 6400 km. (Ans: (i) 4096 km (ii) 2304 km)
4. Find the percentage decrease in the weight of a body, when taken 16 km
below the surface of the earth. Radius of the earth as 6400 km. (Ans: 0.25%)
5. Compare the weights of a body when it is (i) 100km above the surface of the
earth (ii) 100 km below the surface of the earth. Radius of the earth as 6300 km.
(Ans: 0.84)
6. At what height above the earth’s surface, the value of g is same as in a mine
80 km deep? (Ans: 40 km)
7. Calculate the depth below the surface of the earth where acceleration due to
gravity becomes half of its value at the surface of the earth. Radius of the earth
is 6400 km. (Ans: 3200 km)

III. Numericals on Escape velocity:

1. Find the escape velocity at the surface of moon and earth using the following data:
Earth :Radius of the earth = 6400 km, g = 9.8m/s2
Moon: Radius of the Moon = 1700 km, g = 1.63m/s2
(Ans: 2.354 km/s, 11.2 km/s)
2. If earth has a mass 9 times and radius twice that of a planetMars, calculate the minimum
velocity required by a rocket to pullout of gravitational force of Mars. Take the escape
velocity on the surface of earth to be 11.2km/s.
(Ans: 5.28km/s)
3. The mass of Jupiter is 1.91x10 36 kg and its diameter is 13.1x10 7 m. Calculate the escape
velocity on the surface of Jupiter.(Ans: 1.972 x109 m/s)
4. Find the velocity of escape from the sun, if its mass is 1.89 x 10 30 kg and its distance from
the earth is 1.59x108 km. Take G = 6.67x10-11 Nm2kg-2.
(Ans: 3.98x104 m/s)
5. Jupiter has a mass 318 times that of the earth, and its radius is 11.2 times the earth’s radius.
Estimate the escape velocity of a body from Jupiter’s surface, given that the escape velocity
from the earth’s surface is 11.2 km/s.
(Ans: 59.7 km/s)
6. Calculate the escape velocity for an atmospheric particle 1600 km above the earth’s
surface, given that R = 6400 km and g = 9.8 m/s2 of earth.
(Ans: 10.02 km/s)
7. A body of mass 100 kg falls on the earth from infinity. What will be its velocity on
reaching the earth? What will be its kinetic energy? Radius of earth is 6400 km and g = 9.8
m/s2. (Ans: 11.2 km/s, 6.27 x 109 J)
IV. Numericals on orbital velocity of satellites:
1. An artificial satellite is going round the earth, close to its surface. What is the
time taken by it to complete one round? Take radius of the earth as 6400 km.
(Ans: 7920 m/s, 5079 s)
2. A remote sensing satellite of the earth revolves in a circular orbit at a height
of 250km above the earth’s surface. What is the (i) orbital speed and (ii) Period
of revolution of the satellite? Radius of earth R= 6380 km and g = 9.8m/s2.
(Ans: 7.76 km/s, 5370s)
3. An artificial satellite revolves around the earth at a height of 1000 km. The
radius of the earth is 6.38x103 km. Mass of the earth is 6x1024 kg and
G = 6.67 x10-11 Nm2kg-2.Find its orbital velocity and period of revolution.
(Ans: 7364 m/s, 6297 s)
4.A satellite revolves in an orbit close to the surface of a planet of mean density
5.51x103 kg/m3. Calculate the time period of the satellite. (Ans: 5062.7 s)
5. An artificial satellite of mass 100 kg is in a circular orbit at 500 km above the
Earth's surface. Take radius of Earth as 6.5 x 10^ 6 m. (a) Find the acceleration
due to gravity at any point along the satellite path (b) What is the centripetal
acceleration of the satellite? (Ans: 8.45 m/s2, 8.45m/s2)
6. Calculate the value of orbital velocity for an artificial satellite of earth
orbiting at height equal to the radius of the earth. (Ans: 5.6 km/s)