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Python OE 28022025

The document outlines key concepts in Python programming, including data types, operators, control structures, and string manipulation techniques. It provides examples of functions, their syntax, and practical applications such as calculating percentages and checking prime numbers. Additionally, it includes exercises for practicing string and function-related tasks.

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renu
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3 views4 pages

Python OE 28022025

The document outlines key concepts in Python programming, including data types, operators, control structures, and string manipulation techniques. It provides examples of functions, their syntax, and practical applications such as calculating percentages and checking prime numbers. Additionally, it includes exercises for practicing string and function-related tasks.

Uploaded by

renu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‭Programming with Python - Open Elective‬

‭Feb 28, 2025‬


‭ evision:‬‭variables (containers for data), input(),‬‭print(),‬
R
‭datatype: int, float, bool, str, None‬
‭arithmetic, relational and logical operator, operator associativity, operator‬
‭precedence (arithmetic > relational > logical)‬
‭if-else, for loop, while loop,‬
‭strings, string indexing, string slicing‬

‭ trings:‬‭Sequence of characters enclosed within quotes‬‭(single, double or triple‬


S
‭quotes).‬

‭sg = ‘Hello World’‬


m
print(msg[0])‬
‭
print(msg[-1])‬
‭
print(msg[:8:2])‬
‭
print(msg[7:1:-1])‬
‭
print(msg[::-1)‬
‭
print(msg[-1:-5]‬
‭

‭ embership‬
M
‘H’ in ‘Hello’ #True‬
‭
#space separated string‬
‭
st = ‘’‬
‭
for c in ‘python’:‬
‭
st = st + c + ‘ ‘‬
‭
‭#Count hashtags in a post Or display hashtags in a post.‬
‭Built-in Functions on Strings:‬ ‭Some common built-in‬‭string methods are listed‬
‭below with examples for a few of them. Explore python string documentation for‬
‭details.‬

‭en(‬
l ‘Hello World’‬
‭ ) #length of a string‬
‭
11‬
‭

‭ ax/min‬
m
max(‘AB’, ‘BC’, ‘AC’)‬
‭
min(‘ABCD’, ‘BCD, ‘CA’)‬
‭
f‭ ind/rfind‬
colors = ‘green, red, blue, red’‬
‭
colors.find(‘red’) #1, first location, -1 if not found‬
‭
colors.rfind(‘red’) #3‬
‭

l‭ower, upper‬
‘heLLo’.lower()‬
‭
‘heLLo’.upper()‬
‭

r‭ eplace‬
‘abcdefab’.replace(‘ab’, ‘aa’) #’aacdefab’‬
‭

s‭ trip‬
‘
‭ hello world ‘.strip() #’hello world‬

s‭ plit‬
colors =’red, green, blue’‬
‭
colors.split(‘,’) #[‘red’, ‘ green’, ‘ blue’]‬
‭

j‭ oin‬
‘+’.join(‘abc’) #’a+b+c’‬
‭

s‭ tartswith/endswith‬
‘helloooo’.startswith(‘he’) #True‬
‭

‭Function:‬
‭-‬ ‭A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.‬
‭-‬ ‭Functions make code modular, readable, and reusable.‬
‭-‬ ‭Functions can accept 0 or more arguments/parameters. A function may or‬
‭may not have a return statement.‬
‭Basic Syntax‬
def function_name():‬
‭
<statements>‬
‭
‭Example:‬
def greet():‬
‭
print("Hello! Welcome to Python.")‬
‭

greet()
‭ #function call.‬
‭Function parameter and return value:‬
‭-‬ ‭Finding GC content in a DNA sequence‬
def gc_content(dna):‬
‭
g_count = dna.count("G")‬
‭
c_count = dna.count("C")‬
‭
return (g_count + c_count) / len(dna) * 100‬
‭

print(gc_content("ATGCGTACGTAGCGT"))‬
‭

‭ alculating percentage profit‬


C
def profit_percentage(cost_price, selling_price):‬
‭
profit = selling_price - cost_price‬
‭
return (profit / cost_price) * 100‬
‭

print(profit_percentage(200, 250))‬
‭

‭ imulating bacterial growth‬


S
def bacterial_growth(initial_population, hours):‬
‭
population = initial_population‬
‭
for i in range(hours):‬
‭
population *= 2‬
‭
return population‬
‭

print(bacterial_growth(10, 5))‬
‭

‭ hecking prime numbers:‬


C
def is_prime(n):‬
‭
if n < 2:‬
‭
return False‬
‭
for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1):‬
‭
if n % i == 0:‬
‭
return False‬
‭
return True‬
‭

‭rint(is_prime(11))‬
p
print(is_prime(15))‬
‭
‭Exercises:‬

‭1.‬ ‭Write a function that takes two strings and returns‬‭


True‬‭if they are‬
‭anagrams and‬‭ False‬‭otherwise. A pair of strings is‬‭anagrams if the letters‬
‭in one word can be arranged to form the second one.‬

‭2.‬ ‭Write a program to remove all vowels from a given string.‬

‭3.‬ ‭Write a program to reverse the order of words in a sentence.‬

‭4.‬ ‭Write a program to extract and print all digits from a given string.‬

‭5.‬ ‭Write a function that takes a sentence as input parameter and returns the‬
‭number of words in the sentence.‬

‭6.‬ ‭Write a program to display the most frequently occurring character in a‬


‭string.‬

‭7.‬ ‭Write a program to:‬


‭a.‬ ‭Remove all spaces from a given string.‬
‭b.‬ ‭Check if a given substring is present in a string.‬
‭c.‬ ‭Convert the first letter of each word in a sentence to uppercase.‬

8‭ .‬ ‭Count uppercase and lowercase letters:‬


‭9.‬ ‭Remove digits from a string.‬

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