1.

Is there a difference between the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals)

and the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals)?
None is correct

Yes, there is a significant difference.

No, there is no difference at all.

Yes, there is a difference, but it is not significant.

2. Which category do SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and SDG 11 (Sustainable
Cities and Communities) fall under in the 5 Ps model?
Peace

People

Planet

Partnering

Prosperity
3. In the "wedding cake" model, which aspect of sustainable development do
SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) belong to?
Environment

Institution

Society

Economy
4. Why were the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) criticized and
replaced by the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
As "goals without means," the MDGs were relatively vague and lacked clear indicators.

The MDGs were donor-driven, focusing on addressing basic needs in developing

countries, particularly in Africa.

All are correct.

Lacked a solid analytical basis for selecting certain goals while ignoring others.

Lacked the ambition to serve as a lever for global progress.

5. The United Nations aims to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) by which year?
2100

2050

2015
 2030
6. What do the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relate to?
All countries

Rich countries

African and Asiancountries.

Poor countries

Developing countries
7. Which of the following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were
developed from MDG Goal 7 (Ensure Environmental Sustainability)?
SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), SDG 15 (Life on Land)

SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life
Below Water)

SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 11
(Sustainable Cities and Communities)

SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 13
(Climate Action)
8. The concept of "Sustainable Development" was officially introduced at
which of the following events?
In the 1994 Triple Bottom Line model by John Elkington.

In the 1962 work Silent Spring by Rachel Carson.

In the 1972 Limits to Growth report by the Club of Rome.

In the The Future We Want report at the Rio+20 Summit in 2012.

In the 1987 Brundtland Report, also known as Our Common Future.

9. Which category do SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and SDG 6 (Clean Water and
Sanitation) fall under in the 5 Ps model?
People

Planet

Prosperity

Partnering

Peace
10. What is the period during which the mission of the 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) is to be achieved?
 2000-2015

2025-2050

2015-2045

2015-2030
11. In the "wedding cake" model, which aspect of sustainable development do
SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 12 (Responsible
Consumption and Production) belong to?
Society

Economy

Institution

Environment
12. Who is responsible for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)?
The 193 member states of the United Nations

Governments and for-profit organizations

All citizens and nonprofit organizations

All are correct

13. Which of these goals is not part of the 17 SDGs?
Maximizing profits and cheap labor

Decent work and economic growth

Quality education

Industry, innovation, and infrastructure

14. How many countries signed the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development?
195

191

193

197
15. How many Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are there?
12

8
 6

16
16. How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are there?
20

14

17
17. How many targets and unique indicators are included in the 17
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
They are 100 targets and 120 indicators, respectively.

They are 150 targets and 219 indicators, respectively.

They are 179 targets and 243 indicators, respectively.

They are 169 targets and 231 indicators, respectively.

18. What aspects do the 17 Sustainable Development Goals include?
Economic - Technological - Institutional (Good Governance)

Technological - Social - Institutional (Good Governance)

Economic - Social - Environmental

Economic - Social - Environmental - Institutional (Good Governance)

Social - Environmental - Political

19. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals include a total of 169
targets. How many of these targets mention the noun "democracy" or the
adjective "democratic"?
14 Targets

34 Targets

0 Targets

4 Targets
20. What is the third goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
End poverty

Good health and wellbeing

Gender inequality
 No hunger

1. Which Millennium Development Goal (MDG) addresses "Universal Primary

Education"?
MDG 4

MDG 1

MDG 2

MDG 5

MDG 3
2. Which goal does not appear in the 17 SDGs? The global fight against ...
Hunger, food security

Racism, class struggle

Energy transition, greenhouse gas emissions

Extreme poverty, income inequality

3. Which concept does this definition refer to? "The fair treatment and
meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin,
or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement
of environmental laws, regulations, and policies."
Climate justice

Ecological justice

Green justice

Environmental justice
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
The sustainable development goals are legally binding for everyone.

The 2030 Agenda is a voluntary agreement, and the implementation is determined by

each country.

Countries that achieve the targets early will be rewarded by international organizations.

Countries that do not meet the targets will be penalized.

5. Complete the following sentence: "Environmental _____ not only occurs
through the presence of environmental ____ but also arises from the lack of
and lack of access to environmental ____."
Inequality; damages; benefits

Injustice; benefits; damages

 Injustice; damages; benefits

Inequality; benefits; damages

6. The SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 4 (Quality Education) are
grouped under which category in the 5 Ps model?
Partnering

Prosperity

People

Planet

Peace
7. Which category in the 5 Ps model do SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and
SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) fall under?
Partnering

People

Peace

Prosperity

Planet
8. The 2030 Agenda is considered the global treaty for the future because the
17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ensure that:
Narrow the economic development gap between countries.

Everyone lives in peace.

Climate change is prevented.

The world is becoming more suitable for future generations.

9. What are the limitations of the eight Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs)?
Created in a non-transparent manner.

Lack of measurable targets and ambition in the goals.

Equating development with poverty reduction.

Not sufficiently aligned with human rights and principles.

All are correct.

10. What is Goal 8 of the Sustainable Development Goals?
Decent work and economic growth
 Responsible production and consumption

Reduced inequalities

Quality education
11. How are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) described in the
United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development?
As universal frameworks applicable to all countries while respecting each country's
individual context.

As a set of mandatory and international development models.

As goals applied in certain specific countries.

As independent goals to be achieved, one goal at a time, one country at a time.

12. According to the societal triangulation model, who should provide
common goods and values for the most effective outcomes?
Civil society organizations and non-profit organizations

States, governments

Market (companies and for-profit organizations)

All stakeholders work together to provide them.

13. How many countries have signed the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development?
197

193

195

191
14. What are externalities?
The consequences of an organization's behavior that are not accounted for in market
prices.

The behavior of the organization towards external stakeholders such as partners and
customers.

The expected consequences of an organization's actions to generate additional profit.

The consequences of an organization's behavior that are accounted for in market prices.
15. What is the title of the official song for the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs)?
United for Sustainability
 Together for a Better World

One Earth, One Future

We the People for the Global Goals

16. In the "wedding cake" model, which aspect of sustainable development do
SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities)
fall under?
Society

Economy

Environment

Institution
17. In the "wedding cake" model, which aspect of sustainable development do
SDG 1 (En Poverty) and SDG 4 (Quality Education) fall under?
Society

Environment

Institution

Economy
18. How many targets include in SDG 1?
6

8
19. What are the main implications of the concept of sustainable development
as presented in the Brundtland Report?
Basic needs of the poors

Limits of environment and natural resources

Both are correct

None is correct
20. In the science, planning and policy of sustainability, we call "wicked
problems" as:
A problem that is very easy to solve.

A very difficult problem to solve, there are many complex relationships.

 A problem we can easily divide into many smaller, easy-to-solve problems.

A problem that requires a lot of time and money to solve.

1. How many indicators are repeated four times across the 17 SDGs?
5

3
2. The fundamental goals of sustainable development do not include:
Economic prosperity

Social inclusion and cohesion

Political power

Environmental sustainability
3. Which SDG is represented by the book and pencil icon among the 17
SDGs?
SDG 2

SDG 16

SDG 4

SDG 8

SDG 12
4. Question referring to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which of
the following statements is correct?
A. The Global Goals are a call for worldwide action to end poverty, protect the
planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.
B. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted by all United
Nations Member States in 2015.

Both A and B are correct.

Only B is correct.

Only A is correct.

Both A and B are not correct.

5. Most sustainable development issues are wicked problems because:
 There is incomplete knowledge about the issue, conflicting perspectives, and no
clear right or wrong solution.

They can be modeled.

They are quantifiable.

They can be predicted.

6. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) apply to all countries.
B. SDGs only apply to developing countries.

Only A is correct

Only B is correct

Both A and B are not correct

Both A and B are correct

7. Which SDG is represented by the dove carrying an olive branch icon among
the 17 SDGs?
SDG 15

SDG 5

SDG 10

SDG 16

SDG 17
8. What type of growth is called 'economic growth that ensures the fair
distribution of benefits across all segments of society, reduces inequality, and
promotes social inclusion'?
Solow Growth

Sustainable growth

Green growth

Inclusive growth
9. Which statement is the definition of sustainability?
The quality of not causing harm to the environment or depleting natural
resources, and therefore supporting long-term ecological balance.

The ability to maintain at a certain level or rate.

The quality of the ability to continue over a period of time.

All are correct.

10. Among the following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which goal
is entirely new and was not mentioned in the Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs)?
SDG 13 - Climate action

SDG 6 - Clean water and sanitation

SDG 5 - Gender inequality

SDG 4 - Quality education

11. Which of the following statements provides the correct understanding of
the linkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
There is no linkage between the SDGs; each SDG is unique and independent.

There are only positive interactions between the SDGs.

Achieving one goal in the 17 SDGs will undermine the achievement of other
goals.

The SDGs are interconnected with both positive interactions and trade-offs.
12. Which SDG is represented by the icon of three interconnected gears
among the 17 SDGs?
SDG 11

SDG 12

SDG 3

SDG 9

SDG 7
13. Which SDG focuses on responsible production and consumption?
SDG 11

SDG 9

SDG 14

SDG 12

SDG 10
14. In which year did the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) begin to take
effect?
2015

2016

2014
 2017
15. Which SDG focuses on life on land?
SDG 13

SDG 15

SDG 14

SDG 16
16. Which SDG focuses on life above water?
SDG 6

SDG 14

SDG 13

SDG 15

There is no such SDG.

17. Sustainable development is not only related to three factors (economic,
social, environmental) but also involves four interacting complex systems,
with the fourth element in the four pillars of sustainable development being:
Technology

Culture

Good governance

Ethics
18. Complete this sentence: "_______ refers to the three central factors in
measuring the sustainability and social impact of an investment in a company
or business."
CSR

ESG

SDGs

MDGs
19. The SDG Index is published by which organization?
United Nations Development Programme - UNDP

World Economic Forum - WEF

Sustainable Development Solutions Network - SDSN

United Nations Environment Programme - UNEP

20. According to the Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC), which outlines an
alternative perspective on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), what is
the most important level (foundation)?
Economy

Society

Biosphere

Partnering

1. "Expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all" is a

target of which SDG?
SDG 9

SDG 2

SDG 8

SDG 12
2. Do you know what percentage of global wealth is currently held by the
richest 1% of the population?
65-75%

10-20%

25-35%

40-50%
3. "Promote youth employment, education, and training" is a target of which
SDG
SDG 4

SDG 16

SDG 8

SDG 12
4. The Kuznets curve represents the relationship between ______.
GINI and GNI
GHG and GNI per capita
GINI and GDP per capita
CO2 and GDP per capita
GINI and GDP
GINI and GNI per capita
5. "Sustainable management and use of natural resources" is a target of
which SDG?
SDG 15

SDG 8

SDG 12
6. Which group of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) addresses the
economic aspect?
SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 5
(Gender Equality), SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life
Below Water), SDG 15 (Life on Land).

SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean
Energy), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities).

SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and
Infrastructure), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption
and Production).
7. What index is used to measure income inequality?
GNI

HDI

GINI

GII
8. What is the most important variable affecting the safety of workers in
businesses?
Leadership of the manager

Always wearing protective clothing

Imposing heavy penalties if workers violate occupational safety regulations

Awareness of worker safety

9. "Improve resource efficiency in consumption and production" is a target of
which SDG?
SDG 10

SDG 12

SDG 8

SDG 13
10. What is the governance (G) factor in ESG (Environmental, Social,
Governance)?
Anti-fraud and anti-corruption; CEO and management board; Professional ethics;
Digital transformation (including cybersecurity); Selection, independence, and
compensation for the board of directors; Tax payment.

All are correct.

Communities affected by investments; Human rights (including modern slavery;

diversity, equity, and inclusion; child labor; working conditions); Human resources
policies, workplace welfare; Population growth; Product responsibility; Erosion of
social relationships; Standards and certifications.

Biodiversity; Circular economy; Climate change; Deforestation; Energy

efficiency; Environmental impacts of investments; Environmental technologies;
Pollution; Standards and certifications.
11. Economic growth combined with ecological environment and resource
conservation" is known as _______.
Inclusive growth

Endogenous growth

Green growth

Inclusive green growth

12. The concept of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is _________.
based on the cost of a hamburger worldwide

based on the market exchange rate

based on the nominal exchange rate

based on the cost of the same market basket of goods in different countries
13. "Green growth" can be likened to which area in the diagram below? (Kinh
tế = Economy; Môi trường = Environment; Xã hội = Society)
 A

B
14. What is the problem with a linear economy?
The economy of take, make, and dispose makes resources more expensive due
to scarcity, but it often results in higher resource efficiency.

The economy of take, make, and dispose leaves behind a lot of waste, often
does not run on renewable energy, and has poor working conditions for laborers
within the value chain.

The economy of take, make, and dispose leaves behind a lot of waste, makes
resources more expensive due to scarcity, and is often powered by non-renewable
energy.

All are correct.

15. Economic growth combined with equitable social opportunities, welfare,
and sharing of achievements" is called _____.
Inclusive green growth

Inclusive growth

Endogenous growth

Green growth
16. Which goal is the following description most directly related to?
"This SDG has several sub-goals for 2030 that every company can contribute to.
These sub-goals aim to increase global resource efficiency in consumption and
production and decouple economic growth from environmental degradation; achieve
full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, with equal
pay for equal work; eliminate slavery, forced labor, and child labor; protect labor
rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including
migrant workers".

SDG 9

SDG 8

SDG 10

SDG 12
17. "Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization" is a target of which
SDG?
SDG 8

SDG 9

SDG 10

SDG 12
18. Which of the following statements refers to a sustainable business model?
All statements are possible.

Linear take-make-dispose production models disrupt natural systems and

deplete the resources upon which all life depends.

In an increasingly complex and uncertain world, yesterday’s business models no

longer serve their purpose. Leading companies know they must find new ways to
create value for themselves and society—but charting the path to success is not
easy.

Our 'profit at all costs' approach to economic growth over many decades has
undermined the health of people and the planet
19. To become truly excellent in innovation, organizations need innovation
motivators at every level. What is an innovation motivator?
An employee leaves their job to start their own creative business.

All are correct.

An innovation leader supports and encourages creativity and entrepreneurial

spirit.

A project manager requires employees to have an entrepreneurial spirit.

20. Which of the following strategies should businesses adopt to achieve
sustainable business practices?
 Active/Strategic-moral

Pro-active/Societal

Re-active/Reputation

In-active/Cost minimizing

1. Which Sustainable Development Goal calls on individuals to use products

and services from local startups and innovative businesses?
SDG 8

SDG 10

SDG 12

SDG 9
2. How does an electronics company typically promote the transition to a
circular economy?
By applying innovative business models and maximizing the utility value of
products and services.

By setting a target for a certain percentage of revenue from circular products and
services in a specific year in the future.

By using recycled materials in production and refurbishing used products.

All are correct.

3. Inclusive growth can be compared to which area in the figure below? (Kinh
tế = Economy, Môi trường = Environment, Xã hội = Society)
 D

C
4. Inclusive green growth can be compared to which area in the figure below?
(Kinh tế = Economy, Môi trường = Environment, Xã hội = Society)

D
5. Which Sustainable Development Goal includes a target focused on
'promoting sustainable public procurement practices'?
SDG 8

SDG 12

SDG 16

SDG 13
6. What is a common misperception about the circular economy?
The circular economy optimizes the use of resources and reduces waste.

The circular economy is successfully applied in both the industrial and service
sectors.
 The circular economy has only been successfully applied in the field of
agricultural production.

The circular economy encourages recycling, reuse, extending product life cycles
and increasing economic value.
7. How will the reconstruction of buildings and roads after a natural disaster
like Typhoon Yagi affect GDP?
GDP will not be significantly affected, as the losses from the natural disaster will
be offset by the value of reconstruction activities.

GDP will decrease due to the costs of reconstruction.

In the short term, GDP will increase, as reconstruction generates new economic
activities.

GDP will not change, as the reconstruction of buildings and infrastructure does
not create new value.
8. Which of the following sentences best describes 'inclusive growth'?
Economic growth helps reduce poverty and relies on agriculture.

Economic growth creates many job opportunities in various potential fields.

Economic growth where investors become increasingly wealthy from key

industries.

Economic growth ensures that the benefits of economic development are

broadly and fairly shared among all members of society, reducing inequality and
promoting overall well-being.
9. Which Sustainable Development Goal includes a target focused on 'through
policies, especially fiscal, wage, and social protection policies, and
progressively achieving greater equality'?
SDG 12

SDG 10

SDG 9

SDG 8
10. Which SDG does the target of promoting sustainable tourism belong to?
SDG 12

SDG 9

SDG 14

SDG 8
11. "Which Sustainable Development Goal is the following description most
directly related to?
"This SDG has several targets by 2030 that every company can contribute to. These
targets aim to increase global resource efficiency in consumption and production,
decouple economic growth from environmental degradation; achieve full and
productive employment and sustainable work for all women and men, with equal pay
for equal work; eliminate slavery, forced labor, and child labor; protect labor rights
and promote a safe and secure working environment for all workers, including
migrant workers."

SDG 10

SDG 8

SDG 12

SDG 9
12. According to economist Kate Raworth, which of the following
assessments is correct regarding the statement: "Inequality is inevitable with
growth"?
The Kuznets curve supports this statement by emphasizing that inequality must
worsen before it can improve.

It is necessary to concentrate wealth in the hands of the rich to stimulate growth

in the economy.

Economic growth and equality can coexist if there are fair distribution policies.

Inequality is a consequence of the economic institutions we have created.

13. Which Sustainable Development Goal calls on governments to develop
and fund skills development and vocational training programs to improve
employability and economic opportunities?
SDG 2

SDG 10

SDG 4

SDG 8
14. The completed sentence in English would be: "Currently, the use of
energy-saving light bulbs worldwide will save ______ billion dollars annually
globally."
120

12

1.2

1200
15. What is green GDP?
Gross Domestic Product adjusted to reflect the costs of education and
healthcare.

Gross Domestic Product adjusted to remove the effects of inflation.

Gross Domestic Product adjusted to reflect the environmental impact of

economic activities.

Gross Domestic Product adjusted to include investments in high technology.

16. Which Sustainable Development Goal includes a target focused on
'achieving sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources by
2030'?
SDG 12

SDG 8

SDG 10

SDG 9
17. Circular economy ________________.
has only one approach, and that is product design

lacks basic principles and is only aimed at improving production processes

can only be applied to large-scale enterprises

considers waste as the center and waste as a resource

18. The target 'Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization' belongs to
which of the following SDGs?
SDG 12

SDG 8

SDG 10

SDG 9
19. The target 'Promote youth employment, education, and training' belongs
to which of the following SDGs?
SDG 12

SDG 4

SDG 8

SDG 16
20. Which Sustainable Development Goal includes a target focused on
'reducing global food waste by half and reducing losses in the supply chain by
2030'?
SDG 12

SDG 8

SDG 9

SDG 10
1. A certain amount of goods and services required for a minimum standard of
living is called ______.
International poverty line

Multidimensional poverty

Basic needs

Absolute poverty
2. Economist Muhammad Yunus from Bangladesh received the Nobel Peace
Prize in 2006 for what activity?
Popularization of microcredit.
Founding Grameen Bank to provide microloans to the poor without collateral.
Persuade his wealthy compatriots to share their wealth with the poor.
Succeeded in halving extreme poverty in Bangladesh.
3. What is the most notable characteristic of a less developed country?
Growth of industrial sectors

Corruption

Income inequality

High urbanization rate

The vicious cycle of poverty

4. Which of the following is important for gender equality?
Girls receive an education equivalent to that of boys.

Women can study any field and work in any legal occupation just like men.

Equal pay for men and women.

All are correct.

Women can receive loans to start businesses.

5. What advanced technological solutions can make cities more sustainable?
Digital applications to adjust public transportation schedules based on demand.
 Sharing transportation platforms for bicycles or cars.

Selling surplus solar energy to neighbors.

All are correct.

6. Guess what percentage of the world's food is currently wasted or
discarded?
1/3

1/12

1/6

1/9
7. The Gini index provides a measure of _____.
the level of relative inequality

the level of poverty

the level of horizontal poverty

disguised unemployment
8. According to Simon Kuznets, the relationship between per capita GNP and
income inequality can be expressed as follows: "_____".
Kuznets, Simon. (1955). "Economic Growth and Income Inequality". American
Economic Review 45 (March): 1–28.

a strictly increasing relationship

a strictly decreasing relationship

no clear relationship

first increasing and then decreasing

9. How does the World Bank define extreme poverty?
Based on social indicators: The poor are defined as those who are denied the
opportunities and choices necessary for human development.

The World Bank defines extreme poverty as the condition in which people lack
access to clean water and food.

None is correct

Based on income in money: Those who live on less than $1.90 a day, as defined
in 2015, are considered to be living in extreme poverty.
10. How does SDG 4: Quality Education support employment (SDG 8)?
All are correct.
 Education reduces the mismatch between an individual's skills and job
opportunities.

Education reduces inequality and leads to better health and nutrition.

Education is a fundamental human right.

11. When the population growth rate of an economy exceeds the rate of
economic growth that can be achieved, it is called ______.
Population trap

Population explosion

None is correct

Population crisis
12. At the time the SDGs were introduced (2015), extreme poverty was defined
as when people earn less than: _____.
$1/person/day

$1.9/person/day

$2.15/person/day

$1.25/person/day
13. With SDG 5, the United Nations aims to empower all women and girls in all
countries to make decisions for themselves and achieve gender equality in
economic, political, public, and private life. Which of the following is not one of
the targets of SDG 5?
Acknowledge shared responsibility within families and households according to
national circumstances.

Eliminate child marriage and forced marriage.

End discrimination against women, girls, and LGBTI (lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgender, and intersex) individuals everywhere.

Ensure access to sexual and reproductive health and love for all people.

Ensure equal opportunities for women in leadership roles.

Eliminate violence against women and girls.

14. Around the world, women do more unpaid caregiving and domestic work
than men. Do you know how much more women do this job than men?
> 50%

Double

Quadruple
 Triple
15. The SDGs or Global Goals are a set of goals set by the United Nations to
end poverty by what year?
2030

2035

2025

2050
16. With perfect income equality, the Gini coefficient in a country will be ___.
0

0.5

0.25

0.75
17. What are the main consequences of gender inequality for companies and
other organizations?
The workplace will become dull, leading to decreased productivity and lower
profits.

There is a loss of talent, as women are just as intelligent and ambitious as men.

This leads to higher profits, as men may be better suited for certain physically
demanding jobs.

Women are not protected and safe in the workplace.

18. Before and after the completion of the 8 Millennium Development Goals (8
MDGs, 2000-2015), what was the approximate percentage of the population
living below the poverty threshold of $2.15 per day?
20% and 0.26%

40% and 6.26%

30% and 1.26%

50% and 12.26%

19. How can financial institutions help farmers cope with fluctuations in
commodity prices?
Providing financial access opportunities for farmers.

Are are correct.

 Providing insurance and other risk management tools.

Investing in rural infrastructure and agricultural research.

20. Which of the following actions contribute to achieving SDG 5 to promote
gender equality?
Encourage boys to pursue only science and technology subjects and girls to
pursue social sciences only.
Provide equal pay for men and women for equal work with the same skills.
Strengthen programs to support women in accessing leadership positions in
businesses and public organizations.
Specify some typical sports for boys and others for girls.

1. What does the Global Livability Index primarily measure?

The quality of life and overall livability of cities based on factors such as stability,
healthcare, culture, environment, and education.

The economic growth rate of cities around the world.

The average cost of living in cities around the world.

The number of international tourists visiting cities each year.

2. How can you tell if someone is living in poverty?
The person comes from a remote and isolated rural area.

The person can't keep up with the Joneses.

The person is poorly dressed, with worn-out clothes.

The person is renting a house and is dependent on family support.

The person is unable to meet their basic needs, including food, healthcare,
education, and dignity.
3. Globally, a person with less than $2.15 per day is considered to be living in
extreme poverty. In the 40 wealthiest countries, their national poverty line is
approximately: ______.
$10/person/day

$20/person/day

$15/person/day

$25/person/day

$30/person/day
4. What are the key aspects of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)?
Technology
 Education
Environment
Health
Equity
Living standard
5. Choose the appropriate answer to fill in the blank in the following
statement: _________ has the largest population of hungry people in the
world.
Latin America and the Caribbean

Africa

Asia

Europe and North America

6. What is the leading cause of death among children under the age of 5 in
developing countries?
Infectious diseases, such as cholera and COVID-19

Malnutrition

Climate change

War and conflict

7. How can agricultural and textile businesses (such as coffee, chocolate, and
dyeing industries) make the production free from 'slave' and/or 'child' labor the
standard in the industry?
Raise awareness, set an example, and inspire others to take action.

Spend more money on their CSR activities or football tournaments for

immigrants and children.

Label their products as "slave labor-free" and "child labor-free."

Provide funding for charitable organizations to reduce poverty and offer disaster
relief.
8. Who is the author of the book 'The One Straw Revolution'?
Haruki Murakami

Masanobu Fukuoka

Kenko Yoshida

Yasunari Kawabata
9. What are the main characteristics of industrial agriculture?
 Uses advanced technology, large-scale production, and monoculture to
maximize crop yield and efficiency.

Emphasizes small-scale organic farming methods that prioritize biodiversity.

Relies on local, seasonal crops and diverse farming systems to maintain soil
health.

Focuses on traditional farming techniques with minimal use of modern

machinery or synthetic inputs.
10. The Human Development Index (HDI) is assessed based on the following
aspects: ______.
Education, Inequality, GNI per capita.

Education, Happiness, GDP per capita.

Education, Life expectancy, GDP per capita.

Education, Life expectancy, GNI per capita.

11. Out of 195 countries, how many have signed the United Nations
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women?
170

190

180

150

160
12. What makes a city "livable"?
Affordable housing; plenty of recreational activities.

Social and emotional inclusion.

Close to workplaces; easy to commute.

Access to nutritious (and affordable) food; healthy environment.

All are correct.

13. The summary of the ICSU report highlights the analysis of SDG 2 and its
key interactions with other goals. Which of the following statements most
accurately describes the relationship between agricultural production and
SDG 13 on climate change?
ICSU stands for the International Council for Science. It is a global non-
governmental organization established in 1931 with the goal of promoting
international scientific cooperation and applying scientific knowledge to address
global issues. ICSU played a significant role in connecting scientists from various
countries and disciplines, contributing to research and proposing solutions to
challenges such as climate change, health, and sustainable development.
In 2018, ICSU merged with the International Social Science Council (ISSC), forming
a new organization called the International Science Council (ISC), with the mission of
further expanding and strengthening the role of science in addressing societal
issues.

Agricultural production is often less affected by climate change, so there is no

need to change production practices.

There is a positive relationship, as the impacts of climate change, such as

extreme weather events, will help increase agricultural production.

Sustainable agricultural practices play a crucial role in both adapting to and

mitigating climate change.

There is no interaction between Goal 2 and Goal 13, as agricultural production

does not emit greenhouse gases.
14. Which SDG is the following description most suitable for?
"This SDG has several targets by 2030 that every company can contribute to. These
targets aim to end all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls
everywhere; recognize and value unpaid domestic work and caregiving; and promote
shared responsibility in households and families, as well as ensure full and effective
participation of women and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of
decision-making."

SDG 5

SDG 1

SDG 3

SDG 10
15. Which of the following is a target of SDG 1?
Double the agricultural productivity and income of small-scale food producers.

Strengthen the ability to provide early warning systems for global health risks.

Reduce maternal mortality.

Implement universal social protection systems.

16. Which of the following is a target of SDG 5: "Achieve gender equality and
empower all women and girls" in sustainable development?
Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health services.

Ensure that all people, especially the most vulnerable, have access to essential
services and resources.
 Ensure equal opportunities and reduce inequalities in outcomes by addressing
discrimination.

Ensure the full participation of all individuals in leadership and decision-making

processes.
17. Which statement defines the living wage most accurately?
It is the income level that allows people to live in a luxury apartment in a large
city.

It is the income level that is only enough to cover basic food and clothing.

It is the income level equivalent to the minimum wage.

It is the income level sufficient to cover food, housing, healthcare, education, and
other essential needs.
18. Complete the sentence: '__________ is a farming method that uses natural
fertilizers such as organic manure and compost, and avoids all synthetic
inputs.'
Industrial agriculture

Regenerative agriculture

Organic farming

Agroforestry
19. Which indicator is used to measure the (absolute) poverty rate?
Poverty gap

FGT index

Poverty headcount index

MPI

Poverty threshold z
20. Complete the sentence: 'Famine is an issue of ___________________.'
fair food distribution

food security

lack of knowledge about healthy nutrition

global food production

food politics

1. What is the most used renewable energy in the world?

 Wind power

Solar energy

Biomass energy

Hydropower
2. What are the two main strategies for managing climate change?
Minimization and amplification

Mitigation and adaptation

Improvement and reduction

Adaptation and improvement

3. What term refers to an individual or organization, by their actions and
purchasing carbon offsets, claiming to be against all the greenhouse gas
emissions for which they are responsible on a daily basis?
Carbon neutral

Carbon tax

Emission trading scheme (ETS)

Carbon sequestration
4. What famous goal did the 195 countries affirm in Paris 2015 (COP21)?
Limit warming to "below" 2 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial average.

Bring global temperatures back to pre-industrial averages.

Reduce global temperature by 0.5 degrees.

Limit warming to no more than 1 degree Celsius compared to the pre-industrial

average
5. Of all the freshwater used in the world, about how much water is devoted to
agriculture?
50%

90%

30%

70%
6. Read the description below and indicate which of the following is 'not'
correct?
SDG 13 addresses measures to combat climate change and its impacts, including
education and awareness-raising, developing strategies to protect the climate, and
enhancing resilience and adaptability to climate-related hazards and natural
disasters.

Necessary measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions must include the

transition from fossil to renewable energy, improved energy efficiency, and the
development of carbon sequestration technologies.

The European Union has decreed that every second public building must be
equipped with a solar system by 2030.

In May 2019, the EU issued a ban on single-use plastic products. Stricter rules
have been set for the ten items and packaging that pollute Europe's beaches the
most. The new regulations will ban the use of some single-use plastic products
where alternatives exist.

To prevent global warming from rising by more than 2 degrees, each person on
earth should only produce a certain maximum amount of CO2 per year. There are
many opportunities to reduce your personal CO2 emissions, for example by getting
electricity from renewable sources, eating less meat, cycling and trains instead of
cars, etc.
7. How can I apply sustainable behaviour to achieve the targets of SDG 13 to
achieve the goals of climate action with humanity?
Educate yourself about the impact of my activities on the climate, including
phenomena such as global warming.

All actions are necessary.

Reduce energy use by switching to more energy-efficient appliances whenever

possible and paying attention to turning off utilities and appliances when not in use.

Adopt eco-friendly practices in my home and at work.

Buy locally sourced goods whenever possible, to reduce your consumption

footprint.
8. What happens to the global average temperature if we only halve our
annual net CO2 emissions now?
Reduce
Unchanged
Increase
9. Which of the following is not an example of emissions mitigation?
Build a storm early warning system.

Use energy-efficient appliances (such as air conditioners and refrigerators).

Sustainably manage forests that act as carbon sinks and avoid deforestation

Increase the use of renewable energy such as solar and wind power, and reduce
dependence on fossil fuels such as diesel and coal.
10. Which region of the world is currently emitting the highest CO2 per
capita?
Eastern Asia

Europe

North America

Africa
11. Guess what percentage of the world's agricultural land is used to raise
animals?
60%

80%

40%

20%
12. What is IPCC?
The UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) is an
international environmental treaty negotiated at the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED).

An organization established under the UNFCCC with the aim of achieving SDG
#13: Climate Action.

A scientific panel under the UNFCCC helped develop the framework for the 2030
Agenda.

An agreement under the UNFCCC to limit human-caused global warming to less

than 2 degrees Celsius.

An international panel of scientists under the UNFCCC has the role of evaluating
scientific information related to potential human interaction with the climate.
13. Which of the following is not an example of adaptation and resilience
actions?
Build homes that are flood-resistant and resilient to storms.

Implement good agricultural practices such as drought-tolerant crops.

Use an early warning system for tornadoes and other weather-related disasters.

Use low-carbon energy sources such as solar and wind to make electricity.
14. When will the carbon market be officially operated in Vietnam?
2026

2028
 2027

2029
15. What is the greenhouse effect?
A process in which the temperature of the sun is constantly rising, causing global
warming on the earth.

The greenhouse effect is another term for climate change.

A process in which different gases (CO2; NH4; NO) absorbs and retains heat
emitted from the earth's surface.

A process in which different gases (CO2; NH4; NO) absorbs and retains the heat
emitted from the sun.
16. Which of the following countries has not made significant progress in
decoupling economic growth from rising carbon emissions?
https://ourworldindata.org/co2-gdp-decoupling

Vietnam

Singapore

United States

Sweden
17. What is carbon tax?
A method by which an individual or company generates greenhouse gas
emissions must pay their customers for the amount of emissions.

A method by which individuals or companies donate money to scientists for the

greenhouse gas emissions for which they are responsible.

A method by which companies trade their emission levels.

A method by which the government collects money from an individual or

company for producing greenhouse gas emissions.
18. Who is affected by the effects of climate change?
Climate change only affects poor countries.

Climate change only affects the poor in rich countries

Both rich and poor countries are affected.

Climate change only affects rich countries.

19. What is the largest source of CO2 emissions today?
Land use
 Natural gas

Coal

Oil
20. How can I apply sustainable behaviour to achieve SDG 7 targets to achieve
the goal of clean and affordable energy?
Educate yourself about the use of renewable and clean energy.

Invest in renewable energy sources, such as solar energy.

Adopt clean energy technologies and infrastructure.

I would bike, walk, or take public transport to reduce my carbon footprint.

All actions are correct.

1. The two main sources of CO2 emissions are _____.

food and tourism

oil and coal

gasoline and natural gas

cement and steel

2. What are the main causes of climate change?
Human activities such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels.

Natural weather phenomena such as droughts and hurricanes.

Increased volcanic activity, releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Changes in the Earth's orbit and the activity of the solar system.
3. What is the main purpose of implementing a carbon tax?
To penalize companies for making profits in high-carbon emitting industries.
To provide subsidies to renewable energy companies and research solutions to
combat climate change.
To reduce greenhouse gas emissions by making carbon dioxide emissions more
expensive, thereby encouraging businesses and individuals to use cleaner energy
sources.
To generate revenue for the government to spend on environmental projects.
4. Which of the following is not one of the five targets of SDG 7 "Ensuring
access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all" in
sustainable development?
Ensure global access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy services.
 Significantly increase the share of renewable energy in the overall global energy.

Prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution in all its forms.

Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency.

5. What is the path to net zero?
All are correct.

Electrification: conversion of oil and gas systems to electricity.

Decarbonization: reducing or eliminating all sources of carbon emissions.

Energy Efficiency: reduce energy consumption.

6. What does the term "Dutch disease" refer to in economics?
A situation in which a country's manufacturing industry grows rapidly due to a
boom in natural resource exports.

A policy of strong investment in the agricultural sector to promote economic

growth.

A condition in which the discovery of natural resources leads to a stronger

currency, which negatively affects other export industries.

An economic strategy in which countries diversify their exports to avoid

dependence on a single resource.
7. Which of the following is incorrect?
Because carbon taxes are often passed on to consumers in the form of higher
prices for goods and services, it reduces the incentive of companies to invest in new
technology.

A carbon tax is a tax on carbon emissions generated by burning fossil fuels

(coal, natural gas, or oil).

Carbon taxes are set by the government, based on $/ton of CO2 or CO2e. The
more greenhouse gases (GHGs) are emitted, the larger the carbon tax.

Carbon taxes incentivize companies (and households) to reduce their carbon

emissions.
8. What is the proportion of people worldwide who depend on forests for their
livelihoods, jobs, and incomes?
25%

35%

45%

15%
9. Which statement best describes the concept of "decoupling" in the context
of sustainable development?
Decoupling is the process of separating economic growth from environmental
degradation.

Decoupling involves increasing the use of resources along with economic

growth.

Decoupling is a strategy to reduce economic growth to protect natural resources.

Decoupling is the practice of stopping all industrial activities to prevent pollution.

10. What does the "Deposit-Refund" system mean in waste management?
A program where companies pay a fee for each product they sell, this fee is
used to manage waste.

A waste management method in which consumers are charged additional taxes

based on the amount of waste they produce.

A system where consumers pay a deposit for a product and receive money back
when they return the product for recycling or proper disposal.

A plan in which manufacturers are responsible for paying for the cost of waste
disposal without involving consumer involvement.
11. Which of the following is incorrect about the Emissions Trading Scheme
(ETS)?
Emission sources that actively reduce their emissions will have a surplus number
of emission rights, which they can sell on the carbon market.

Sources of emissions that do little to reduce emissions will have to buy emission
rights, incurring additional costs (often passed on to consumers!).

Emission limits are set by the government, while also determining the number of
emissions rights that can be traded.

Carbon markets in developing countries include only ETS.

12. The following indicators are commonly used to measure the
environmental aspect of Sustainable Development, except: _______.
Mountain Green Cover Index

Biodiversity Index

Living Planet Index

Chemical Use Index

Red List index

Global Energy Consumption Index

13. Fill in the blanks: "Human activity has altered nearly _____% of the Earth's
surface."
95

25

75

50
14. What does the term "resource curse" mean?
A paradox is that countries rich in natural resources often have lower economic
growth and poorer development outcomes due to factors such as corruption and
conflict.

A situation where countries with abundant natural resources experience

economic growth and a high level of development.

A strategy in which countries deliberately avoid exploiting their natural resources

in order to focus on industrialization.

A phenomenon in which countries with abundant natural resources often have

stronger and more stable economies.
15. Which of the following best defines the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS)
for carbon markets?
A regulation that obliges all companies to completely eliminate carbon emissions
by a fixed deadline.

A system where companies receive unlimited free carbon dioxide emission

permits.

A market-based method allows companies to buy and sell the right to emit a
certain amount of carbon dioxide, with an overall limit set for total emissions.

A voluntary program where companies report their carbon emissions without

penalty.
16. What is the current area and forest cover of Vietnam (in 2024)?
14.67 millions ha; 42.01%

14.86 millions ha; 42.02%

13.38 millions ha; 39.50%

14.06 millions ha; 40.84%

17. Which of the following sentences best defines a carbon tax?
A tax that only applies to the automotive industry to reduce fuel consumption.

A tax is imposed on companies based on the amount of plastic waste they

produce.
 A tax on the carbon content of fossil fuels, aimed at reducing carbon dioxide
emissions.

A tax levied on all natural resources to preserve the environment.

18. Which of the following sectors contributes the most to climate change?
Agriculture

Construction

Forestry

Energy
19. Which of the following is incorrect about carbon tax?
They reduce the impact of climate change.

They are very effective in reducing emissions, including CO2 and other
greenhouse gases.

They encourage the transition to clean, zero-carbon energy sources.

Politicians are always interested in strengthening or creating new taxes,

including carbon taxes.
20. What does the concept of "net zero" mean?
Building capacity for self-sustaining abundance of life.

Pursuing efficiency gains to do less harm and achieve better value returns.

Pursuing an ideal that heals past harm.

Sustaining the current status quo by doing no harm.

1. What constitutes biosphere integrity?

The integrity of the biosphere means that humans do not harm animals and
plants.

The integrity of the biosphere includes the number of species, including the
extinction rate, as well as the integrity and performance of ecosystems.

Biosphere integrity is another term for biodiversity, that is, the diversity of plants
and animals on Earth.

Biosphere integrity refers to the number and health of animals, including

extinction rates, on Earth.
2. How does the Montreal Protocol relate to the planetary boundary
framework?
The Montreal Protocol is the basis for the study of planetary boundaries.
 The international planetary boundaries for the seven important processes of the
Earth have been agreed upon in the Montreal Protocol.

The Montreal Protocol has helped reduce the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere,
avoiding the impact of humans on climate change beyond the zone of uncertainty.

The Montreal Protocol has helped minimize damage to the ozone layer, bringing
human impact back to safe levels.
3. What is the definition of "resilience in the context of sustainable
development?
Ability to recover from sudden or long-term changes.

The ability of communities to prevent climate change.

A characteristic of developed countries that leads to an increase in wealth.

The ability of an individual to self-manage changes.

4. Fill in the blanks: _____________ is an ecosystem's ability to respond to a
stressor by resisting damage and recovering quickly.
Resistance

Resilience

Tipping point

Alternative stable state

5. The chemical reaction CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O represents the combustion
of which of the following fossil fuels?
Coal

Gasoline

Natural gas

All are correct.

6. What are the main causes of ocean acidification related to human
activities?
The accumulation of plastic waste in the ocean, causing chemical reactions that
reduce pH.

Carbon dioxide emissions increase from the burning of fossil fuels, which
dissolve into seawater and lower its pH.

Overfishing and destruction of coral reefs.

Oil spills from offshore oil extraction activities.

7. The chemical reaction C18H18 + 12.5O2 → 8CO2 + 9H2O represents the
combustion of which of the following fossil fuels?
 Coal

All are correct.

Natural gas

Gasoline
8. How is the concept of a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM)
understood?
It is a tax that applies to all imported goods, in order to increase revenue for the
government.

It is a tax that only applies to renewable energy products imported into a country.

It is a policy that encourages the export of low-emission goods to enhance

international competition.

It is a mechanism to adjust taxes on imported goods based on carbon emissions

incurred during the production process.
9. What are the most significant environmental impacts of plastic pollution in
the ocean?
Plastic pollution in the ocean significantly increases the salt content in seawater.

Plastic pollution only affects the temperature of the ocean.

Plastic in the ocean breaks down into microplastics, which can be ingested by
marine organisms, harming the food chain and ecosystems.

Plastic pollution in the ocean helps create new habitats for marine life.
10. In what year was John Elkington's "triple bottom line" theory invented?
1997

1987

1972

1994
11. What is the share of global greenhouse gas emissions between sectors?
Energy: 30-40%; Food: 10-30%; Other emissions: 10-30%.

Energy: 20-30%; Food: 10-20%; Other emissions: 40-50%.

Energy: 55-75%; Food: 20-33%; Other emissions: 5-15%.

Energy: 30-40%; Food: 40-50%; Other Emissions 10-30%

12. Which of the following is not characteristic of persistent organic pollutants
(POPs)?
 They are lipophilic, that is, they tend to accumulate in the fatty tissues of the
organism.

They are very difficult to decompose in the environment.

Once in the environment, they will survive in the area where they are discharged.

They are highly toxic, causing various effects on organisms.

13. How is the concept of "Extended Producer Responsibility" (EPR)
understood?
It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure that their products are
consumed in the domestic market.

It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to create new products with more

attractive designs.

It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to minimize production costs through

the use of recycled materials.

It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to manage the life cycle of the product,
including the recall and recycling of the product after it has been used.
14. Fill in the blank: "___(1)___ is anything that can cause harm, while
___(2)___ is the possibility that it actually happens".
(1) A hazard; (2) a risk

(1) A hazard; (2) a risk assessment

(1) An effect; (2) a risk

(1) A risk; (2) a hazard

15. Why was the term 'Anthropocene', introduced by Paul Crutzen, coined to
represent the current era in Earth's history?
Because of the discovery of human-caused global warming.

Because the fossil fuels used today were deposited during that geological
period.

Because the human population is larger than at any previous time in the history
of the Earth.

Because human activities are impacting the Earth on a global level.

16. At COP26, Vietnam committed to ending deforestation and reducing
methane emissions by what percentage compared to 2020 by 2030?
Reference: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/29e72556-
d255-5c50-a086-245c1ccc4704.

20%
 50%

30%

40%
17. Which is not one of the Ramsar areas in Vietnam?
Xuan Thuy National Park (Nam Dinh)

Tram Chim National Park (Dong Thap)

Bau Su Wetland Area (Dong Nai)

Can Gio mangrove forest (Ho Chi Minh City)

Lang Sen Wetland Conservation Area (Long An)

18. Which of the following is the correct definition of a planetary boundary?
Limit the amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted into the atmosphere
to avoid the negative consequences of global warming.

Thresholds for Earth systems that, if crossed, would lead to irreversible changes.

The tipping point for important Earth systems that humans should not cross.

A boundary that, when crossed, increases the risk of changing overall conditions
in the critical Earth Systems.
19. According to the Back to Blue Peak Plastics Management Index, which
country currently ranks highest in plastics management?
UK

Japan

Germany

France

United States
20. Which COP is related to the 2015 Paris Agreement, a landmark agreement
aimed at reducing global greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global
warming to no more than 2.0°C?
COP stands for "Conference of the Parties". These are the annual meetings of the
countries participating in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC). The goal of the COP is to discuss and make commitments and
policies to mitigate the impact of climate change, adjust and implement international
agreements such as the Paris Agreement. Each COP is numbered in order of
organization, for example, COP3 is the 3rd Conference, which took place from
December 1 to 10, 1997 in Kyoto, Japan.

COP 26
 COP 15

COP 21

COP 10

1. According to the societal triangulation model, what is the partnership

between the state and the private sector (or the market) abbreviated?
PPnP

PnPP

PPnPP

PPP
2. In many schools, students can be trained to be conflict mediators. What
goals does such a commitment contribute to the implementation of the 2030
Agenda?
SDG 17

SDG 4

SDG 16

SDG 5
3. How does SDG 16 relate to justice at the corporate level?
By asking companies to increase investment in research and application
development to create a better world.

By ensuring that companies adopt transparent and fair practices in handling

disputes and complaints.

By encouraging companies to move from maximizing profits to maximizing

welfare.

By promoting strict environmental regulations to enhance corporate

responsibility.
4. What statement about fair trade is not true?
No intermediaries

None is correct.

Only food is traded

Guaranteed minimum price

5. What are the main characteristics of extractive economic institutions?
 They concentrate power and wealth in the hands of a few, often leading to
inequality and limited economic opportunities for the vast majority.

They encourage transparency and accountability in the management of public

resources.

They focus on creating inclusive policies that support small businesses and
startups.

They promote a wide and equitable distribution of wealth and resources in

society.
6. How does SDG 16 address corruption at the corporate level?
By promoting the development of renewable energy sources in companies.

By asking companies to step up their sustainability reporting efforts.

By encouraging companies to implement strong anti-corruption measures and

transparent practices.

By focusing solely on improving access to education and ethical training for

employees.
7. How does SDG 16 promote the development of inclusive economic
institutions?
By focusing only on increasing the profitability of the business without caring
about the social impact.

By supporting the creation of economic institutions that provide equal

opportunity, enhance transparency, and ensure fair competition.

By increasing access to financial services and opportunities for disadvantaged

communities.

By encouraging exclusionary business practices, favor large corporations over

small businesses.
8. According to the World Bank's WGI indicators, key aspects of governance
do not include:
The World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) are a set of indicators
that measure various aspects of governance across countries. These indicators are
based on a broad range of sources, including surveys, expert assessments, and
public opinion. The WGI aim to capture the quality of governance and how it varies
across countries and over time.

Local people's voices and accountability

Corruption control

Military power

Government effectiveness
9. What is a target set out in SDG 17?
Ensure equitable access to legal services for all.

Promote the transfer and dissemination of environmentally friendly technologies

in developing countries.

Offer good management courses to political elites in developing countries.

Providing patent-free medicines to developing countries.

10. Which of the following statements is accurate for SDG 17?
SDG 17 encourages and promotes effective public, public-private and civil
society partnerships.

SDG 17 builds on the experience and resource strategies of partnerships.

All are correct.

SDG 17 recognizes multi-stakeholder partnerships as an important means of

achieving the SDGs in all countries, especially developing countries.
11. "End child abuse and exploitation, child trafficking, torture and all forms of
violence against children" is a target of _______.
SDG 3

SDG 16

SDG 5

SDG 17
12. Which of the following is true for SDG 17?
SDG 17 recognizes multi-stakeholder partnerships as an important means of
achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in all countries, especially
developing countries.

All are correct.

SDG 17 builds on the experience and resource strategy of partnerships.

SDG 17 encourages and promotes effective public, public-private partnerships

and civil society.
13. Which SDG achievements are most directly affected by the current armed
conflicts? What SDGs does this statement directly relate to?
SDG 17

SDG 11

SDG 16

SDG 10
14. What is needed for businesses to be able to achieve SDG16?
Provide funding to higher courts and judges.

Teach their employees about international law and crime.

All are correct.

Promote public-private partnership and contribute to reducing corruption.

15. Which UN agency is primarily responsible for international peace and
security?
The International Court of Justice

The Pentagon

The Security Council

The Secretary-General
16. Which of the following sentences best describes how corruption is
addressed in ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria?
Corruption is not a concern in ESG criteria, as it only focuses on environmental
and social factors.

Corruption can only be solved through environmental regulations and standards.

Corruption is only addressed through financial statements and audit practices.

Corruption is managed by establishing clear anti-corruption policies and

practices in the governance framework.
17. According to SDG16+, targets 4.7 (promoting global citizenship), 5.5
(women's participation and leadership), 10.2 (including social, economic,
political), 11.3 (inclusive urbanization) and 17.10 (fair trade systems) are
elements of ________.
Chú thích: Chỉ tiêu = Target.
SDG16plus

Inclusive society

Just society

All are correct

Peaceful society
18. What is the basic premise of the implementation of partnership?
Society is dynamic and complex, and you can address that by creating
partnerships.

The environment is changing due to human activities.

 Partnership only needs a single party to achieve the best results.

Social challenges are closely interrelated, and no partner can solve problems
alone.
19. Time and time again, development aid/cooperation was officially criticized.
What is it accused of?
It does not place enough emphasis on building capacity for local communities
and promoting their participation.

It is too adaptable to local needs and therefore lacks innovation.

It leads to corruption and exacerbates dependence.

Because it is sustainable and long-lasting, development aid always benefits the

same population.
20. Why is SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions important for
society?
Strong institutions help protect human rights and create safe living environments
for all.

All are correct.

Belief in safe and equitable institutions is fundamental to sustainable

development.

In a safe environment, employees can produce more, thus the economy grows.

1. What motivates the financial system to function properly?

Trust and transparency

Minimize risks and seek opportunities

Solve customer problems

Liquidity and low default rate

2. The three dimensions of SDG 16 include _________.
strong institutions, peace, and justice

war, corruption, human rights

laws, policies and regulations

transparency, accountability, fairness

3. According to Sustainable Development Goal 17 (SDG 17), the key to
achieving sustainable development is ______.
promoting cultural and linguistic diversity
 strengthening the management of natural resources

strengthening border control and national security

strengthening international cooperation and development financing

4. Good governance includes both the public sector and the ________ sector,
especially large multinational corporations.
civil society

private

foreign

non-governmental organization
5. How does the "systems approach" contribute to the achievement of the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
By addressing each SDG separately to simplify implementation.

By understanding and managing the linkages and interactions between the

different SDGs to achieve inclusive and sustainable outcomes.

By focusing on each goal individually without considering the interconnectedness

between them.

By prioritizing short-term benefits over long-term sustainability goals.

6. Complete the following sentence: "Quality __________ is one of the most
important ways to improve economic and social conditions. However, higher
__________ rates lead to less stringent environmental regulations and lower
commitments to sustainability."
education; unemployment

government; corruption

government; interest

governance; poverty
7. What is the main purpose of debt-for-nature swaps?
In exchange for debt cancellation, the country commits to environmental
conservation.

To reduce the interest rate on the national debt.

To increase government spending on green investent projects.

To convert foreign aid into natural resource exploitation.

8. "Improving the means of implementation and promoting global
partnerships for sustainable development" reflects which of the following
SDGs?
 SDG 8

SDG 16

SDG 4

SDG 17
9. According to SDG16+, targets 4.A (educational facilities), 5.2 (violence
against women and girls), 5.3 (child marriage and forced marriage), 8.7 (forced
labor, modern slavery), 10.7 (safe migration) and 11.7 (safe public spaces) are
elements of ________.
SDG16plus

All are correct

Peaceful society

Inclusive society

Just society
10. What are the broad aims of SDG 17?
Trade: Promote a global rules-based trading system.

Data Monitoring: Improve the availability and quality of data to monitor progress.

All are correct.

Systemic issues: Addressing systemic issues such as policy consistency and

multi-stakeholder partnerships.

Capacity building: Enhancing the capacity of developing countries.

Technology: Promote technology development and transfer.

Finance: Mobilize financial resources for developing countries.

11. Inclusive economic institutions ____________.
create a level playing field for economic actors

emphasize the role of centralized state management

create opportunities to form monopolistic corporations

are based on social behavior rules/social norms

12. Which of the following concepts does citizen participation, diversity, and
respect for the law belong to?
Extractive economic institutions

Extractive political institutions

 Inclusive economic institutions

Inclusive political institutions

13. Complete the following sentence: "Pathfinders cover all the goals for
peaceful, just and inclusive societies, linking the 12 targets from SDG16 to
______ targets from the other seven SDGs that directly measure one aspect of
peace, justice or inclusion (SDG16+)."
SDG16plus
Pathfinders for Peaceful, Just and Inclusive Societies is a global initiative established
by countries, international organizations, and NGOs to advance the goals of SDG 16
(Sustainable Development Goal 16) on peace, justice, and inclusion. The initiative
seeks to help countries achieve the SDG16+ targets, which include not only SDG16
targets but also relevant targets from other SDGs.

16

12

24

36
14. What are the main goals of climate finance?
To support investments and initiatives that address the impacts of climate
change and promote sustainability.

To subsidize traditional energy sources such as coal and oil in developing

countries.

To finance projects that increase greenhouse gas emissions.

To reduce the public debt of developing countries.

15. One of the principles of good governance is which of the following
responsibilities must be fulfilled by the parties?
Innovation

Monitoring

Accountability

Citizenship
16. Which of the following characteristics is not characteristic of inclusive
economic institutions?
Equal playing field for all economic actors

Dominant and efficient market system

The government supports the market system

 Lack or insufficient competition
17. Complete the following sentence: "In the absence of access to ________,
citizens cannot have a voice, exercise their rights, resist discrimination, or
hold decision-makers accountable."
law

education

information

justice
18. What is the most widely used index to measure corruption globally?
Corruption index

Monetary corruption index

Corruption free index

Corruption perceptions index

19. What is the main aim of the UN Global Compact?
Homepage | UN Global Compact

To regulate global financial markets.

To establish military alliances between member states.

To promote international trade agreements on green enterprises.

To encourage businesses to adopt sustainable and socially responsible

practices.
20. Complete the following sentence: "Human rights are the standards that
enable all people to live with dignity, freedom, equality, ________, and
________."
safety; opportunities

equity; prosperity

justice; peace

security; respect

1. Which of the following is incorrect?

Refinitiv Eikon with Datastream for office (Thomson Reuters) contains the
industry’s data and most powerful research and analysis tools,
 Today, what was once voluntary is now becoming a requirement, often through
ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) indicators or required as part of
sustainability reporting.

CSR is a mandatory task, usually to demonstrate a company's readiness to be a

good corporate citizen.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) involves integrating elements of social

and environmental responsibility into a company's business practices.
2. Which of the following certifications ensures that furniture products are
environmentally friendly?
GlobalGAP

FSC (Forest Stewardship Council)

Energy Star

FairTrade
3. The SDGs are published by ___________.
Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN)

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

World Economic Forum (WEF)

4. How to reduce greenwashing?
By Investing in green marketing campaigns.

By forcing businesses to well implement the 2030 Agenda of the SDGs.

By involving key stakeholders to promote alignment with sustainability standards.

By promoting the production of cheap goods without regard for environmental

impact.
5. What should businesses report to prove the implementation of SDG 8?
Report on improvements in water use efficiency through the application of the 5
5R principles: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recycle, and Replenish.

Report on the staff's provision of reliable health and education services to

children.

Report the average number of hours worked per week, including overtime.

Report on business performance and dividend policy to shareholders.

6. Which of the following is incorrect?
 B-Labs is a non-profit organization that promotes the interests of businesses with
the interests of society.

B-Corporations are certified by a third-party auditing company: B-Labs.

Certified B companies have integrated minimum standards for social and

environmental responsibility.

B-Corporations are certified as leaders in the global movement for an inclusive,

equitable, and regenerative economy.
7. How do we measure the progress through the SDG framework?
Through statements made by politicians.

Through media reports.

Through the opinions of experts from many different fields.

Through indicators used to measure the global progress of the SDGs.

8. What are the six environmental objectives of the EU Sustainable Finance
Classification?
Mitigation, climate change, governance, circular economy, pollution and
biodiversity.

None is correct.

Pollution, mitigation, adaptation, water use, biodiversity and circular economy.

Mitigation, adaptation, water resources protection, circular economy, pollution

prevention and biodiversity protection.
9. In relation to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystems, what framework is
being created to measure nature?
TCFD (Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures)

ESRS (European Sustainability Reporting Standards)

TNFD (Task Force on Nature-related Financial Disclosures)

GRI (Global Reporting Initiative)

10. Why might businesses want to participate in the 2030 Agenda?
None is correct.

Businesses that provide solutions to the problems outlined by the 2030 Agenda
are critical in addressing social and environmental issues.

The sustainable development of the business sector is not necessary in

achieving the goals of the 2030 Agenda.
 Markets will not change in the coming decades, so businesses are not motivated
to participate in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
11. What categories are included in the Impact Assessment for certified B
companies?
Governance, Employees, Community, Environment and Customers

Sustainable Advertising, Sustainable Operations, Sustainable Supply Chains,

Sustainable Finance, and Good Public Relations

Human Resources, Finance, Technology, Marketing, and Sales

Legal Compliance, Product Design, Customer Satisfaction, Revenue Growth and

Corporate Social Responsibility
12. If your company wants to become a B-corp, what should be the total
impact score in the assessment?
Greater than 50

Greater than 60

Greater than 90

Greater than 80

Greater than 70
13. What is the significance of materiality assessment in a company's
sustainability report?
Only consider the short-term expectations of shareholders.

Ignore the long-term impacts of business decisions on the environment.

Identify the expectations of the company and its components, along with the
expectations and needs of key stakeholders.

Promote activities in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility.

14. What is sustainability reporting?
The report is only about economic indicators.

The report includes business performance and social and environmental

impacts.

The report is only about environmental indicators.

Reports are only about governance indicators.

15. According to the Future Investment Rules 2.0 report, indicate an incorrect
answer?
 Environmental and social risks have a greater weight in the investment decisions
of large institutional investors, but 64% of them claim that companies do not list them
in full.

62% of investors believe that non-financial information is a key factor in all

sectors, not just the energy sector.

80% of investors believe that financial information is the only important factor in
investment decisions.

25% of institutional investors ask the board of directors to confirm the non-
financial information of companies.
16. Which group is Vietnam currently ranked in for the Sustainable
Development Index in 2024?
50-60

60-70

40-50

30-40
17. How is climate change related to hunger and malnutrition?
There is no relationship between changes in climate and global hunger.

There is a clear link between climate change and hunger, and the number of
undernourished people is expected to increase due to climate change.

There is a clear link between climate change and hunger, and the number of
people dying from hunger is expected to decline due to climate change.

Climate change could reduce the number of malnourished people in the Global
North as they are able to grow more food.
18. Which of the following certifications is intended to ensure that farmers are
treated fairly?
FairTrade

USDA Organic

Energy Star

ISO 14001
19. Who monitors the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals?
A UN committee assesses implementation on the basis of the UN Secretary-
General's annual SDG progress report.

National governments are self-regulating.

 A specially established organization, called TÜV, will develop effective testing
mechanisms in 2022.

None is correct.
20. What does the 'B' in B-Corp stand for?
Benefit

Business

Best

Better

1. What do you mean by SASB (Sustainable Accounting Standards Council)

and ISSB (International Sustainability Standards Council)?
Both are correct.

None is correct.

SASB (in 2011) eventually evolved into ISSB (in 2021), with the same goal, now
on an international scale.

The ISSB (in 2011) eventually evolved into SASB (in 2021), with the same goal,
now on an international scale.
2. Complete the following sentence: "The European Union has released the
latest version of its reporting standards, _________, affecting most companies
doing business in the European Union over the next few years."
Sustainable Accounting Standards Board (SASB)

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD)

Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)

3. Complete the following sentence: "________ Startups: Startups are
specifically established to solve problems related to people and the planet:
Education, Poverty, Healthcare, Safe Food Production, Climate Change, Clean
Water, Clean Energy, etc."
Sustainable

Social

Green

Business
4. Which country has not yet reached SDG 7?
Hint: Access Sustainable Development Report 2024 (sdgindex.org), select a relevant
SDG and check.

Denmark
Brazil
Japan
Sweden
Norway
China
Australia
United States
France
Costa Rica
5. To demonstrate Sustainable Development Goal 4 "Quality Education," what
should businesses implement and report?
Encourage workers and employees to read as much as possible.

The average number of training hours per year per employee, broken down by
gender and type of employee.

Safety and health in the workplace.

Air and water quality in the workplace.

6. When a company is identifying the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
on which it can focus the most, what stage has it reached in the SDG Compass
model?
The SDG Compass is a tool that guides companies and organizations to implement
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into their business strategies. This
model was developed by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the UN Global
Compact, and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
to help businesses adapt their activities to achieve the UN SDGs.

Setting goals

Integrating

Reporting and communicating

Understanding SDGs

Defining priorities
7. Complete the following sentence: "_______ is the company's voice on
sustainability, and is often listed in annual reports."
CSO (Chief Sustainability Officer)

CFO (Chief Financial Officer)

 CMO (Chief Marketing Officer)

CEO (Chief Executive Officer)

COO (Chief Operating Officer)

8. Complete the following sentence: "________ is a form of deceptive
advertising in which a company claims that the product is environmentally
friendly, when in fact it is not."
Green advertising

Green pricing

Green-washing

Green-hushing
9. Complete the following sentence: "__________'s Sustainability Reporting
standards are probably the most widely adopted protocols that companies use
when creating their Sustainability Reports."
Greenhouse Gas Protocol (SGP)

Sustainable Accounting Standards Board (SASB)

Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

10. Complete the following sentence: "Sustainable business practices, with
_______ as the foundation, are increasingly being embraced by many in the
business community as a way to create shared value for all stakeholders!"
TBL (Triple Bottom Line)

CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)

SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals)

ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance)

11. What are the main characteristics of a sustainability report?
Provide information on social and environmental impacts along with financial
performance.

Focus only on short-term business strategies.

The report is only about financial performance.

Only detail annual revenue and profit margins.

12. Complete the following sentence: "________ is to withhold information
about climate strategy out of concern that disclosure of such information will
pose a reputational risk."
 Green-washing

Ethical sourcing

Carbon footprinting

Green-hushing
13. Complete the following sentence: "________ is a new term in which a
company decides not to communicate about the sustainability characteristics
of its products, for fear of being criticized for greenwashing, or because it
wants to avoid offending some markets."
Green-husing

Green advertising

Green pricing

Green-washing
14. Complete the following sentence: "__________ provides standards for
companies to prepare a GHG emissions inventory."
Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)

Sustainable Accounting Standards Board (SASB)

Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol)

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

15. According to the United Nations, businesses need to meet basic
responsibilities in the following key areas: ______________.
(1) Human Rights, (2) Labor, (3) Environment and (4) Anti-Corruption

(1) Human Rights, (2) Shareholders, (3) Banks and (4) Government

(1) Human Rights, (2) Workers, (3) Employees and (4) Partners

(1) Human Rights, (2) Customers, (3) Suppliers and (4) Investors
16. Which of the following options is an atypical example of measuring,
monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the Sustainable Development
Goals?
Analyze the progress of the implementation of the objectives

Collect the right data

Report results to stakeholders

New Sustainable Development Goals are set annually

17. Which country has not yet reached SDG 13?
Hint: Access Sustainable Development Report 2024 (sdgindex.org), select a relevant
SDG and check.

Vietnam
Nepal
Netherlands
Sweden
Mali
United States
Cuba
New Zealand
Ethopia
18. Which of the following options is not a challenge in measuring, tracking
and evaluating the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals?
Lack of international cooperation

Progress to achieve goals is too fast

Lack of data

Unreliable data
19. Which of the following is incorrect?
Most certifications are very specific, focusing on areas such as greenhouse gas
emissions, how workers are treated, and the production process of the product.

Certifications are constantly evolving; USDA Organic is the next step in food
certification, ensuring not only organic ingredients, but also fairness for workers and
animal welfare.

Certifications can be a trusted source of a company's commitment to business

practices that have a positive social and environmental impact.

Third-party certifications ensure product design, manufacturing processes, and

business operations comply with the strict regulations of certification.
20. Complete the following sentence: "________ is the process of conveying a
false impression or misleading information about how environmentally friendly
a company's products are."
Ethical sourcing

Greenwashing

Carbon footprinting

Upcycling
To do this quiz, first of all, you should familiarize yourself with and
remember the positions in the "Societal Triangulation model" as
shown below:

In addition to the two examples above, we suggest a few

more: 2M (Addressing negative externalities; solely the responsibility of
businesses for profit-driven purposes), 2S (Addressing negative
externalities; solely the responsibility of the governments, including central
and local governments, as well as public agencies); 2C (Addressing
negative externalities; solely the responsibility of civil society organizations,
including NGOs, non-profit organizations (NPOs), social enterprises,
communities, and individuals); 3CM (Generating positive externalities; civil
society organizations are primarily responsible, with business
support); 3MS (Generating positive externalities; businesses are primarily
responsible, with government support); ...; and 4 (requires the highest level
of partnership, where distinguishing primary and secondary roles is
challenging).
1. Identify the appropriate position for Target 1.5 of SDG 1 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 1.5: Build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and
reduce their exposures and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other
economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters.

4SMC

4CSM
 4SCM

4CMS
2. Identify the appropriate position for Target 5.3 of SDG 5 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 5.3: Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage
and female genital mutilation.

3M

3C

2C

3S
3. Identify the appropriate position for Target 2.2 of SDG 2 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 2.2: End malnutrition and address nutritional needs of all groups.

3CS

3SM

3CM

3MC
4. Identify the appropriate position for Target 5.5 of SDG 5 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 5.5: Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities
for leadership.

3SC

3MS

3MC

3CM
5. Identify the appropriate position for Target 3.1 of SDG 3 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 3.1: By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per
100,000 live births.

2S
 2M

3MC

2C
6. Identify the appropriate position for Target 1.3 of SDG 1 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 1.3: Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and
measures for all.

3SM

3S

3MC

3SC
7. Identify the appropriate position for Target 7.3 of SDG 7 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 7.3: Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency.

3MC

3CS

3MS

3CM
8. Identify the appropriate position for Target 2.1 of SDG 2 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 2.1: End hunger and ensure year-round access to safe, nutritious and
sufficient food.

3SM

3CS

3MS

3MC
9. Identify the appropriate position for Target 1.1 of SDG 1 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.

Target 1.1: Eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere.

 3CS

3SM

3MS

3CM
10. Identify the appropriate position for Target 6.3 of SDG 6 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 6.3: Improve water quality by reducing pollution and increasing recycling.

3MC

2C

2M

2S
11. Identify the appropriate position for Target 8.2 of SDG 8 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 8.2: Achieve higher levels of economic productivity.

4SCM

4MCS

4MSC

4CMS
12. Identify the appropriate position for Target 2.5 of SDG 2 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 2.5: Maintain the genetic diversity of plants and animals though seed and
plant banks and share benefits of genetic resources and traditional knowledge.

3MS

3MC

3CS

3CM
13. Identify the appropriate position for Target 4.6 of SDG 4 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 4.6: Ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and
women, achieve literacy and numeracy.
 3M

3S

3C
14. Identify the appropriate position for Target 8.1 of SDG 8 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 8.1: Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national
circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 percent gross domestic product growth
per annum in the least developed countries/Sustainable economic growth.

4CMS

4MCS

4SCM
15. Identify the appropriate position for Target 4.3 of SDG 4 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 4.3: Ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality
technical, vocational and tertiary education, including university.

3CS

3CM

3MS

3MC
16. Identify the appropriate position for Target 8.8 of SDG 8 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 8.8: Protect labour rights and promote safe working environments.

2M

2C

2S

4
17. Identify the appropriate position for Target 6.1 of SDG 6 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 6.1: Universal, equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water.
 2C

2M

2S
18. Identify the appropriate position for Target 4.7 of SDG 4 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 4.7: Ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to
promote sustainable development.

3CS

2C

2S

3CM
19. Identify the appropriate position for Target 7.1 of SDG 7 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 7.1: Universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services.

3M

3S

3C

3SM
20. Identify the appropriate position for Target 6.5 of SDG 6 according to the
"Societal Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 6.5: Implement integrated water resources management at all levels,
including transboundary cooperation.

3SM

3MC

3CS

3MS

1. Identify the appropriate position for Target 16.5 of SDG 16 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
target 16.5: Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms.

3M

3S

3C

4
2. Identify the appropriate position for Target 13.2 of SDG 13 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 13.2: Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and
planning.

3M

3S

3C

3CS
3. Identify the appropriate position for Target 10.5 of SDG 10 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 10.5: Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and
institutions and strengthen the implementation of such regulations.

3S

2S

3C

3M
4. Identify the appropriate position for Target 14.1 of SDG 14 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 14.1: By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds,
in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution.

2C

2S

2M
5. Identify the appropriate position for Target 9.4 of SDG 9 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 9.4: Upgrade and retrofit existing infrastructure to make industries
sustainable.

2S

3SM

2M

3MS
6. Identify the appropriate position for Target 11.2 of SDG 11 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 11.2: Ensure universal access to quality transport.

4CMS

4MCS

4MSC

4SCM
7. Identify the appropriate position for Target 10.2 of SDG 10 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 10.2: Empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all,
respective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other
statuses.

2M

2S

2C
8. Identify the appropriate position for Target 12.5 of SDG 12 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 12.5: By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention,
reduction, recycling and reuse.

3S

3M
 3C
9. Identify the appropriate position for Target 9.1 of SDG 9 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 9.1: Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure.

3CM

3CS

3SC

3MC
10. Identify the appropriate position for Target 11.3 of SDG 11 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 11.3: Ensure inclusive and sustainable urbanization, planning and
management.

4SCM

4MCS

4CMS
11. Identify the appropriate position for Target 12.6 of SDG 12 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 12.6: Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to
adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their
reporting cycle.

3S

3C

3M
12. Identify the appropriate position for Target 13.3 of SDG 13 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 13.3: Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional
capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early
warning.

3MC
 3CS

3CM

3SM
13. Identify the appropriate position for Target 16.3 of SDG 16 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 16.3: Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and
ensure equal access to justice for all.

3SC

3SM

3MC

3CS
14. Identify the appropriate position for Target 13.1 of SDG 13 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 13.1: Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related hazards
and natural disasters in all countries.

3MC

3SC

3MS
15. Identify the appropriate position for Target 14.3 of SDG 14 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
target 14.3: Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including
through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.

3S

4SCM

4MCS

4CMS
16. Identify the appropriate position for Target 17.9 of SDG 17 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 17.9: Encourage and promote effective public, public-private and civil society
partnerships.

3C

3M

3S
17. Identify the appropriate position for Target 10.4 of SDG 10 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 10.4: Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies,
and progressively achieve greater equality.

3SM

3M

3S

3C
18. Identify the appropriate position for Target 12.7 of SDG 12 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 12.7: Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in
accordance with national policies and priorities.

3CS

3MC

3SM

3MS
19. Identify the appropriate position for Target 12.2 of SDG 12 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 12.2: By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of
natural resources.

4MCS

4CSM

4MSC
20. Identify the appropriate position for Target 15.1 of SDG 15 according to the
"Social Triangulation Model" of the roles and responsibilities of key
stakeholders.
Target 15.1: Ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial
and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services.

3C

3S

3CM

The 17 Goals: Targets and Indicators https://sdgs.un.org/goals

1. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of individuals who own a mobile telephone, by sex.

SDG 10

SDG 16

SDG 5

SDG 9
2. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global gross
domestic product (GDP).

SDG 8
SDG 1
SDG 11
SDG 13
3. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for
sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b)
curricula; (c) teacher education and (d) student assessment.

SDG 4
SDG 13
SDG 3
SDG 12
4. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption.

SDG 12
 SDG 13

SDG 9

SDG 7
5. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, by sex, age
and location.

SDG 5

SDG 3

SDG 16

SDG 10
6. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of population satisfied with their last experience of public
services.

SDG 16

SDG 3

SDG 11

SDG 17
7. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Number of companies publishing sustainability reports.

SDG 8

SDG 17

SDG 16

SDG 12
8. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Change in the extent of water-related ecosystems over time.

SDG 14

SDG 13

SDG 2

SDG 6
9. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable
agriculture.

SDG 4

SDG 3

SDG 1

SDG 2
10. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, by occupation,
age and persons with disabilities.

SDG 16

SDG 5

SDG 10

SDG 8
11. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment.

SDG 4

SDG 9

SDG 8

SDG 11
12. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of population with large household expenditures on health as
a share of total household expenditure or income.

SDG 16

SDG 10

SDG 1

SDG 3
13. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area.

SDG 15

SDG 13

SDG 2
 SDG 1
14. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per
GDP.

SDG 13
SDG 8
SDG 9
SDG 12
15. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Food loss index and food waste index.

SDG 14

SDG 8

SDG 12

SDG 2
16. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Number of countries implementing sustainable public procurement
policies and action plans.

SDG 16

SDG 8

SDG 13

SDG 12
17. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population,
based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale - FIES).

SDG 2

SDG 4

SDG 1

SDG 3
18. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: CO2 emission per unit of value added.

SDG 8

SDG 9
 SDG 13

SDG 7
19. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of population living in households with access to basic
services.

SDG 4

SDG 3

SDG 2

SDG 1
20. What SDGs does this indicator belong to?
Description: Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications
technology (ICT) skills, by type of skill.

SDG 9

SDG 8

SDG 12

SDG 4

1. There are 4 steps to become a "Green UEHer Citizen": Step 1: I reduce; Step
2: I reuse; Step 3: I recycle, and Step 4: I act. So what is the step of "I refuse to
buy unnecessary things"?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

Step 4

Step 2

Step 1

Step 3
2. There are 4 steps to become a "Green UEHer Citizen": Step 1: I reduce; Step
2: I reuse; Step 3: I recycle, and Step 4: I act. So what is the step "I will use the
water bottle many times to catch drinking water"?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

Step 1

Step 2

Step 4
 Step 3
3. On the global ranking of THE Impact Rankings in 2023, UEH is most rated in
which of the following SDGs?.
SDG 17

SDG 13

SDG 1

SDG 8
4. Currently, every day in Ho Chi Minh City. How many tons of domestic waste
do Ho Chi Minh City emit?
[PODCAST] UEH ZERO WASTE CAMPUS: Những con số biết nói | UEH Green
Campus

1000 tons

30000 tons

10000 tons

20000 tons

5000 tons
5. The statement "Waste after proper classification will be directly connected
to recycling partners" belongs to which action group of UEH Green Campus?
Reduce

Reuse

Recycle

Ensure waste is recycled

Sorting waste at source

Refuse
6. Do you know about what percentage of UEH students usually use single-
use plastic cups?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

58.6%

30.4%

15.7%

70.5%
7. What action group does UEH Green Campus belong to for the statement
"Be aware of your own needs, carefully consider buying new or consuming
disposable products"?
Reuse

Ensure waste is recycled

Reduce

Refuse

Sorting waste at source

Recycle
8. How many kg of CO2e/person/year are UEH's per capita emissions?
[Podcast] UEH hướng đến trung hòa carbon: Bước đi đầu tiên | UEH Green Campus

19kg CO2e/person/year

290kg CO2e/person/year

90kg CO2e/person/year

390kg CO2e/person/year

190kg CO2e/person/year
9. What is not the "zero waste principle" of green UEHer citizens?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

Sorting waste at source with a high rate of material recovery

Waste is a resource, does not burn and minimizes landfill

Waste management measures achieve cost-effectiveness

Producers must be responsible for paying fees for waste treatment and
management

Participatory, student-centered waste management programs

10. UEH is in the TOP ________ universities contributing to 17 SDGs and
leading universities in Vietnam on the global ranking THE Impact Rankings in
2023.
401-500

101-200

301-400

201-300
11. Do you know how much % of the waste volume is expected to be reduced
at UEH by the UEH Zero Waste Station Model?
35%

65%

80%

50%
12. What organization does UEH collaborate with to implement the Zero Waste
Campus project?
Asian Network for Zero Waste - ANZW

Zero Waste International Alliance - ZWIA

Vietnam Zero Waste Alliance - VZWA

Waste and Resources Action Programme - WRAP

13. Do you know what year the UEH Green Campus project started?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

2022

2021

2020

2023
14. Currently, how many tons of CO2 does a Vietnamese person emit on
average per year?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

2.3 tons CO2/person/year

3.3 tons CO2/person/year

2.7 tons CO2/person/year

1.7 tons CO2/person/year

15. In your opinion, the launch event of UEH's "Towards No Single-Use Plastic
Future" campaign is related to the following SDGs?
Tin tức | UEH Green Campus

SDGs 12, 13, 15

SDGs 3, 4, 12

SDGs 8, 11, 12
 SDGs 1, 12, 17
16. In your opinion, which SDGs do you think UEH's project "Planting forests
to welcome cranes (Trồng rừng đón sếu)" in Tram Chim National Park is
related to?
Tin tức | UEH Green Campus

SDGs 7, 9

SDGs 4, 6

SDGs 13, 15

SDGs 10, 12
17. There are 4 steps to become a "Green UEHer Citizen": Step 1: I reduce;
Step 2: I reuse; Step 3: I recycle, and Step 4: I act. So what is the step of "I will
take more public transportation"?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

Step 4

Step 3

Step 2

Step 1
18. UEH is in the TOP ________ universities contributing to SDG 1 on the
global ranking THE Impact Rankings in 2023.
201-300

301-400

101-200

401-500
19. There are 4 steps to become a "Green UEHer Citizen": Step 1: I reduce;
Step 2: I reuse; Step 3: I recycle, and Step 4: I act. So what is the step "I will
spread the spirit of 'green living' to friends through my social networking
sites"?
Thông Tin Chính | UEH Green Campus

Step 4

Step 2

Step 1

Step 3
20. The Times Higher Education (THE) ranking mainly evaluates universities
based on which of the following criteria?
 The number of students who graduate and get jobs every year.

Affordable tuition rates and services to support disadvantaged students.

Quality of teaching, research, and international impact.

The campus area is covered with greenery and the modernity of the school's
facilities.

1. If you were happy to receive an old smartphone instead of buying a new

one, what SDGs would this action contribute?
SDG 13

SDg 9

SDG 8

SDG 12
2. Which of the following individual actions helps promote responsible
production and consumption?
Encourage the company to shorten the product life cycle to meet consumer
tastes

Reuse old products and recycle them to reduce the amount of waste in the
environment

Sort waste at the source is a useless action because people end up throwing it
all in a garbage truck

Consume products according to trends without regard to their sustainability

3. In your opinion, which of the following is the best way to motivate people to
act sustainably?
Integrating sustainable development into the curricula

Using financial incentives if taking a sustainable action

Applying penalties if taking an unsustainable action

Providing information on sustainable development everywhere

4. Which of the following individual actions helps protect and sustainably
manage water resources?
Use tap water to wash your car and water your plants daily

Use a lot of cleaning chemicals to clean clothes when washing clothes

Collect and reuse rainwater for activities such as watering trees

Allow the faucet to run when not in use while washing dishes
5. What are the ways that individuals can do to combat climate change?
Speak up! Tell others about the importance of our action on climate change.

Turn off lights and other electrical appliances when not in use

Tất cả đều đúng

Eat less red meat

Reduce food waste

6. Which of the following individual actions promotes sustainable cities and
communities?
Participate in a civil society organization to create a playground for neighborhood
children

Use public transportation instead of private driving to reduce air pollution

Join the street drawing activities to share the message of environmental

protection

All are correct.

7. Which of the following individual actions helps reduce inequality in
society?
Participate in volunteer programs to support disadvantaged communities

Criticize social enterprises for not contributing to improving local budgets

Only support people in the community who are close to you

Behave differently from high-income and low-income people in the community

8. Which of the following individual actions helps protect and maintain
biodiversity?
Purchase wildlife-related products to support local communities

Encourage the conversion of forest land into agricultural land to ensure food
security

Use of pesticides and pesticides to increase crop yields

Plant native trees and participate in nature conservation programs

9. Which of the following individual actions helps promote sustainable
economic growth and decent work for everyone?
Encourage overtime to increase productivity and improve earnings for workers

Prioritize cheap products even though you know that the business owner pays
you unfairly
 Support and purchase from local businesses committed to fair working
conditions

Choose to buy products from businesses that use child labor to save costs
10. Which of the following individual actions helps prevent corruption and
promote the rule of law?
Conceal information and not participate in corruption investigations

Secretly use relationships to evade taxes and break the law

Accept bribes for personal gain in public transactions

Keep transparency in financial reports and disclosures

11. Which of the following personal actions has an adverse impact on the
marine environment?
Encouraging sand mining for the development of sea reclamation works

Participate in beach cleanup and plastic waste collection campaigns

Apply organic farming practices, ecological agriculture

Use environmentally friendly straws from grass, rice, bagasse

12. Which of the following individual actions helps promote sustainable
industrialization and innovation?
Seek and support clean and sustainable technology initiatives

Recommend company not to rent in the green industrial park because the rent is
very high

Use cheap imported raw materials to reduce production costs for the company

Use old electronics instead of upgrading newer ones

13. What is not a way that a person can maintain a commitment to a
sustainable lifestyle?
Read books on sustainability

Reuse, reduce, recycle

Buy locally made products

Participate in environmental activities at the place where you live and work
14. Which of the following individual actions helps promote quality and
equitable education for all?
Focus on learning and developing skills only to serve the goal of self-
development
 This is the responsibility of the state and schools and individuals do not need to
worry

Volunteering to teach or support learning for disadvantaged children in the

locality

Developing international quality training institutions regardless of very high tuition

fees
15. Which of the following individual actions contributes to promoting gender
equality?
Prioritize the recruitment of female employees over men in all cases

Avoid discussing gender equality in everyday life

Only support education for girls in their families

Encourage both men and women to participate in activities and careers

according to their interests
16. Which of the following individual actions contributes to the improvement
of public health and well-being?
Actively participate in fundraising activities to buy health care books for rural
women

Regularly share health and beauty information on social media

Self-treatment of health problems without consulting a doctor

Participate in periodic health check-ups and encourage relatives to do it together

17. Which of the following individual actions contributes to advancing SDG 7?
Purchase electrical equipment without energy saving certification to save initial
costs

Use incandescent bulbs because they are cheap

Charge the phone overnight even when the battery is full

Turn off electrical appliances when not in use to save energy

18. Which of the following individual actions is climate change adaptation?
Ride a bike or walk instead of using a car for short distances.

Install a solar or wind system at home.

Use energy-efficient appliances (e.g., LEDs, high-performance electrical

appliances).

Install an effective drainage system to avoid flooding during the rainy season.
 Actively participate in the company's tree planting and forest protection
campaigns.
19. Which of the following individual actions contributes effectively to SDG 2?
Buy food from local and sustainable sources

Only buy imported food to ensure food safety

Regularly share pictures of luxurious meals on social networks

Participate in the annual International Day for the Eradication of Poverty (17/10)
20. Which of the following actions is the best individual contribution to
poverty reduction?
Buy lottery tickets to help the poor

Buy luxury products to increase budget revenues for social welfare programs

Donate time or money to local charities that support the poor

Share information calling for poverty reduction on social networks

1. A telecommunications company partners with industry peers, government

agencies, and ministries to make critical infrastructure investments in a
sustainable manner in rural communities to enable affordable internet access,
last-mile connectivity, and build fiber optic cables to drive development in the
region. What is the closest goal to which action is involved?
SDG 2
SDG 4
SDG 9
SDG 17
2. The Vietnam North-South high-speed rail project is expected to be
completed in 2036. Which SDGs is this project most directly related to?
SDG 9

SDG 17

SDG 13

SDG 8
3. The EU4Sustainability project has implemented various meaningful
activities, including free training courses on sustainable development for
university students in multiple countries worldwide. What SDGs does this
project relate to?
SDG 12
SDG 8
SDG 4
 SDG 17
SDG 13
SDG 17
4. An international food company engaged in eco-design, responsible
sourcing, efficient packaging, recycling and improving operational efficiency
with the goal of zero emissions by 2030. What is the closest goal to which
action is involved?
SDG 9

SDG 13

SDG 12

SDG 2
5. The implementation of sustainability reporting by businesses is related to
which SDG?
SDG 16

SDG 12

SDG 13

SDG 8
6. A global food producer trains women smallholder farmers in its supply
chain in sustainable agricultural practices to enhance their capacity to adapt
and respond to climate change. What is the closest goal to which action is
involved?
SDG 13

SDG 5

SDG 12

SDG 4
7. Recognising the increasingly important role of women entrepreneurs, a
commercial bank has developed specialized financial services, access to
microfinance and also provided a free online resource centre for women
entrepreneurs running small and medium-sized businesses. What is the
closest goal to which action is involved?
SDG 8

SDG 2

SDG 5

SDG 10
8. A real estate developer designs and manages a business district around
natural features to preserve existing natural ecosystems and habitats, as well
as pristine land structures. What is the closest goal to which action is
involved?
SDG 13

SDG 11

SDG 15

SDG 9
9. The development of green industrial zones is directly related to which
SDG?
SDG 13

SDG 12

SDG 9

SDG 8
10. A global insurance company has established a fund with a mission to
support projects that promote the rule of law. The fund's initiatives include
support for the development of civil codes in emerging economies, training
and support for domestic judges, and fairer procedures for migrants and
detained minors. What is the closest goal to which action is involved?
SDG 10

SDG 5

SDG 16

SDG 17
11. Through a public-private partnership, an international telecommunications
company working with UNICEF and local authorities, develops a free, open-
source mobile app that helps citizens identify the nearest public health
facilities and establish easy communication with doctors and health workers.
especially in case of emergency. What is the closest goal to which action is
involved?
SDG 17
SDG 9
SDG 10
SDG 16
SDG 3
12. An agricultural company develops high-yielding seed varieties and crop
rotation programs to ensure that the soil remains productive and fertile. What
is the closest goal to which action is involved?
 SDG 15

SDG 2

SDG 8

SDG 9
13. A sugar company promotes energy efficiency throughout its entire supply
chain through a biomass power project and a circular economy model. What is
the closest goal to which action is involved?
SDG 13

SDG 12

SDG 7

SDG 9
14. A prestigious university in Ho Chi Minh City. Ho Chi Minh City has
provided hundreds of billions of VND in scholarships per year to many
disadvantaged students pursuing their life-changing dreams. What SDGs does
this action directly relate to?
SDG 4

SDG 5

SDG 1

SDG 10
15.
A shop buys and sells products that are considered "ugly food" (substandard
into supermarkets) at affordable prices to reduce food loss and fight hunger
for local people. What is the closest goal to which action is involved?

SDG 8
SDG 1
SDG 12
SDG 2
16. An international food company is committed to sourcing a significant
proportion of raw materials from smallholder farmers in developing countries
to promote local development. What is the closest goal to which action is
involved?
SDG 1

SDG 8

SDG 2

SDG 12
17. The implementation of international standard environmental management
systems (such as ISO 14001) by businesses is directly related to which SDG?
SDG 12
SDG 9
SDG 13
SDG 4
SDG 8
18. A beverage company coordinates with residents and local authorities to
implement clean water supply projects in neighboring areas, thereby
significantly reducing difficulties for the community. What is the closest goal
to which action is involved?
SDG 9

SDG 17

SDG 6

SDG 3
19. A zero-waste grocery chain makes its stores completely packaging-free,
requiring customers to bring their own recycled handbags to prevent plastic
debris associated with its operation from entering the ocean. What is the
closest goal to which action is involved?
SDG 13

SDG 9

SDG 14

SDG 12
20. The implementation of a circular economy model by businesses is directly
related to which SDG?
SDG 13
SDG 12
SDG 1
SDG 8
SDG 16

Comprehensive test #1
1. See the graph on "Percentage of global greenhouse gas emissions covered
by ETS or Carbon tax over time (% of global GHG emissions)". Between
carbontax and ETS, which tool contributes to reducing greenhouse gas
emissions more?
ETS = Emission Trading Schemes (Cơ chế giao dịch phát thải khí nhà kính)
GHG Emissions Coverage | Carbon Pricing Dashboard
 The same

ETS

Carbon tax

Others (mixed)
2. Do you know how much % of the landfill waste volume is expected to be
reduced by the "UEH Zero Waste Station Model" initiative?
35%

80%

50%

95%

65%
3. A food company is committed to purchasing a significant percentage of
lotus seeds from smallholder farmers in the Mekong Delta to boost local
economic development. What SDGs does this action directly relate to?
SDG 8

SDG 2

SDG 1

SDG 12
4. What is wrong about international certifications such as B-Corp, organic,
SA8000, etc.?
SA8000 certification is concerned with ensuring good working conditions and
protecting workers' rights.

The B-Corp certification evaluates companies based on their social and

environmental impact, not just profits.

Organic certification only ensures that the product is chemical-free, but does not
require a sustainable production process.

Certifications such as B-Corp, Organic, and SA8000 help companies

demonstrate their commitment to sustainability and social responsibility.
5. See the graph below and show which countries have achieved SDG 6?
Sustainable Development Report 2024

Belarus

United States
 Germany

Canada

Chile
6. What SDGs is UEH's project "Planting forests to welcome cranes (trồng
rừng đón sếu)" in Tram Chim National Park?
SDGs 6, 13

SDGs 2, 15

SDGs 4, 6

SDGs 13, 15
7. Which SDGs are directly related to the project described below?
The 1 million hectares of low-carbon rice project in the Mekong Delta is an initiative
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from rice production, through the application of
more sustainable and efficient farming methods. The project focuses on the use of
climate-smart rice farming techniques, including reducing the use of chemical
fertilizers, improving irrigation systems, and using low-carbon rice varieties. The goal
of the project is not only to increase rice yields, but also to protect the environment,
mitigate the impact of climate change, and help raise incomes for farmers in the
region.

SDGs 6, 8, 11, 13

SDGs 2, 6, 13, 17

SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13

SDGs 1, 8, 13, 14

SDGs 1, 2, 12, 13
8. Which COP conference officially adopted the goal of achieving net zero
emissions by the middle of the century, as part of a global effort to mitigate the
effects of climate change and achieve the goal of limiting the increase in
global temperatures?
COP 28

COP 18

COP 21

COP 26

COP 15
9. Which of the following relationships between the environment and
economics describes the "Environmental Kuznets Curve" (EKC)?
 Pollution levels increase with GDP per capita without a downward trend during
the higher stage of development.

The environmental Kuznets curve has the same profile for most pollutants.

Pollution levels decrease as GDP per capita increases, regardless of the stage
of economic development.

The environmental Kuznets curve shows that pollution increases at the initial
stage of economic development and decreases as the economy continues to grow.
10. The concept of "needs" mentioned in the 1987 United Nations Brundtland
Report reflects what basic requirements need to be met, and what groups of
people in society are these essential needs mainly related to, especially those
who are facing economic and social difficulties?
The poors in rich countries

Middle income group

The poorest group

All people
11. What are not typical characteristics of Extended Producer Responsibility
(ERP)?
ERP is an effective tool to help encourage manufacturers to design products that
are easy to recycle and environmentally friendly.
ERP requires the manufacturer to be responsible for its products throughout the
product's lifecycle, including the disposal stage.
ERP is a mandatory requiremnent for businesses that want to export to Europe
and the US.
ERP only applies to electronic and battery products.
ERP can contribute to reducing the amount of waste through the recovery and
recycling of products after use.
12. The "Vietnam High-Speed Railway" project is a very large-scale project
that is expected to be completed by 2036, with the goal of improving transport
infrastructure and promoting socio-economic development, and is related to a
lot of SDGs. However, this project is not directly related to any of the following
SDGs?
SDG 9

SDG 13

SDG 11

SDG 7

SDG 8

SDG 15
13. One of the two implications of the concept of sustainable development is
that there are limits to _______ in meeting our needs.
technology

environment

finance

knowledge

population
14. A sugarcane company implements a circular economy model which
includes a biomass power project to provide energy for factory operations and
sell surplus/extra electricity cheaply to the surrounding community. What
SDGs is this action directly related to?
SDG 17
SDG 13
SDG 12
SDG 7
15. The living standards aspect of the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
(MPI), which is used to measure and assess poverty levels not only based on
income but also many other factors. According to Benton-Short (2023), what
SDGs is 'standard of living' related to?
SDGs 6, 7, 11

SDGs 2, 3, 4

SDGs 1, 2, 11

SDGs 1, 2, 3
16. Which of the following countries has not decoupled economic growth from
negative environmental impacts, such as greenhouse gas emissions or
resource consumption?
Singapore

United States

China

Sweden
17. What is not a characteristic of carbon markets?
Carbon markets are an effective tool to promote global climate change mitigation
activities.

Only developed countries or multinational companies will participate in the

carbon market.
 Carbon markets help incentivize businesses to reduce emissions to generate
sellable carbon credits.

It is a place where companies and countries can buy and sell carbon credits to
offset their greenhouse gas emissions.
18. What aspects are not reflected in the global multidimensional poverty
index (MPI)?
Living standard
Health
Income inequalities
Education
Work/employment
19. According to Benton-Short (2023), what are the biggest challenges for us
to achieve SDG 8?
High unemployment and 'modern slavery' still exist

Discrimination in employment and occupation is still serious

The social protection system is still poor and child labor still exists in many
places

Many places cannot pay a living wage for workers

All are correct

20. In the Societal Triangulation model, what is the form of partnership
between the state and market to implement a certain project or economic
activity to achieve a few specific targets?
PPnP

PPnPP

PnPP

PPP
21. None of the SDGs directly focus on the concept of "environmental
pollution", but "pollution" appears in many targets and indicators. So which
SDGs mention pollution?
SDG 14
SDG 16
SDG 8
SDG 2
SDG 6
SDG 3
SDG 5
 SDG 13
22. In which SDGs does UEH demonstrate superiority in the global ranking
THE Impact Rankings?
SDGs 9, 11, 12

SDGs 5, 10, 16

SDGs 1, 8, 17

SDGs 13, 14, 15

23. Which country has pioneered the achievement of a decoupling strategy
between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions, in order to achieve
sustainable development without increasing environmental pollution, while
promoting a green economy and protecting the planet?
New Zealand

Sweden

United States

Switzerland

China

Vietnam
24. UEH is one of the TOP _________ universities contributing to the
Sustainable Development Goals on the global ranking THE Impact Rankings in
terms of SDG 8.
101-200

201-300

301-400

1-100

401-500
25. Where should education programs on sustainable development be placed
in the societal triangulation model to reflect the roles of stakeholders?
4CMS

3CS

3CM

3S

4SCM
 3SM

2C

3C
26. What major challenges does Vietnam currently remain in the SDGs
progress?
Sustainable Development Report 2024

SDGs 1, 4, 5

SDGs 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17

SDGs 2, 3, 14, 15, 16

All are correct

27. If every UEH student switched to using cloth bags every day, it would
reduce ______ tons of plastic bags discharged into the environment each year.
120

70

50

90

150

10

30
28. Which SDG includes the target "By 2030, develop and implement policies
to promote sustainable tourism, create jobs and promote local culture and
products"?
SDG 8

SDG 2

SDG 14

SDG 15

SDG 12
29. What is the group of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in terms of
the environment?
SDGs 1, 2, 3

SDGs 13, 14, 15

 SDGs 6, 7, 13

SDGs 10, 11, 12

SDGs 5, 6, 7
30. What concept is involved in ensuring equity/equality in the distribution of
environmental impacts, including the benefits from the development projects
and the damages caused by economic activities?
Environmental justice

Social justice

Ecological justice

Climate justice
31. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an inclusive economic
institution?
The government supports the market system

A free and equal playing field for all economic sectors

Non-existent or lack of competition

Well-functioning, mainstream market system

32. Target: "By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have relevant information
and awareness about sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with
nature" under which SDG?
SDG 4

SDG 11

SDG 12

SDG 13

SDG 8
33. Which of the following relationships between SDG 12 and SDG 13 is
unreasonable?
Sustainable consumption helps reduce carbon emissions, contributing to the
achievement of SDG 13.

SDG 12 and SDG 13 are not directly related because they focus on separate
issues.

Sustainable production helps limit the use of natural resources, reducing the
impact on the climate.
 Waste reduction and recycling in SDG 12 contribute to reducing pollution and
negative climate impacts in SDG 13.
34. Which of the following relationships between poverty and the environment
is incorrect?
A degraded environment can exacerbate poverty by reducing the resources
needed for livelihoods.

Poverty often leads to the adoption of sustainable farming practices to protect

the environment.

Poverty can lead to overexploitation of resources, which degrades the

environment.

Resource scarcity due to environmental degradation can reduce the quality of

life of the poor.
35. What statement about the food bank is not true?
Food banks only operate in major cities and are not present in rural areas.

A food bank is a non-profit organization that collects and distributes food to

people who are economically disadvantaged.

Food banks help reduce food waste by distributing surplus food from producers,
retailers, and communities.

Food banks not only provide food, but also support nutrition education and
training services for the community.
36. Which of the following actions is not an example of "greenwashing" in
corporate communication activities?
Using the "organic" label on product packaging without certification.

Businesses advertise products that are eco-friendly but do not provide authentic
data.

The company minimizes information about actual environmental goals to avoid

scrutiny/monitoring.

Claims to be "carbon neutral" without revealing a specific method or mechanism.

37. Take a look at the map below and show which country implemented the
first carbon tax in the world?
Carbon Pricing Dashboard | Up-to-date overview of carbon pricing initiatives

United States
Sweden
Finland
Denmark
Poland
38. What is not the logical action that an individual should take to help
achieve SDG 12 on responsible consumption and production?
Shop for goods from e-commerce platforms instead of marketplaces near home.

Limit food waste and contribute to the reduction of food waste.

Use recycled products and reduce the use of single-use plastics.

Save energy in your daily life and use energy-saving appliances.

39. See the graph below and show which countries have achieved SDG 13?
Sustainable Development Report 2024

Sweden

Brazil

Nepal

Australia
40. The Human Development Index (HDI), developed by the United Nations as
a tool to measure the level of development of countries based on many
factors, but does not include the ______ factor.
health, life expectancy
social welfare
education
income per capita
natural environment
41. Among the indicators used to measure inequality, which one is not used
to assess the level of gender inequality in areas such as education, labor,
health, and social participation, and does not reflect disparities in
opportunities and rights between the two sexes in society?
WGI

SIGI

GII

GINI

GGI
42. In the context of climate change, which of the following actions is not a
climate change adaptation measure that farmers can take to reduce negative
impacts and maintain sustainability in agricultural production?
Climate change adaptation is the process of adjusting natural or social systems to
cope with the impacts of current and future climate change, in order to minimize
damage or take advantage of opportunities that may arise. In contrast, climate
change mitigation is the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the
atmosphere or increasing the absorption capacity of greenhouse gases, in order to
slow down or stop the process of climate change.

Purchasing flood insurance

Changing plant and livestock breeds

Upgrading the sewer system, planting windbreaks/trees around the edge of the
field

Changing production methods such as applying drip irrigation technology

Increasing afforestation, energy transition, low-carbon technology application

43. According to Benton-Short (2023), in the process of sustainable
development, one of the biggest challenges faced by countries and the global
community is which of the following pillars?
Economic prosperity

Strong institutions

Social equity

Environmental sustainability
44. What is not reasonable about strong institutions according to SDG 16?
Strong institutions play a role in reducing corruption and building a peaceful and
just society.

Strong institutions promote the rule of law and ensure access to justice for all.

Strong institutions must operate transparently and be accountable to the public.

Strong institutions only need to focus on economic development, do not need to

pay attention to social justice.
45. In the context of climate change, which of the following actions is not a
climate change mitigation measure that companies can take to aim for net-zero
emissions?
Climate change adaptation is the process of adjusting natural or social systems to
cope with the impacts of current and future climate change, in order to minimize
damage or take advantage of opportunities that may arise. In contrast, climate
change mitigation is the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the
atmosphere or increasing the absorption capacity of greenhouse gases, in order to
slow down or stop the process of climate change.

Improve energy efficiency

Switch to solar energy

Apply environmental management systems according to international standards

Develop new products and services in line with changing climate conditions
 Implement the circular economy model

Buy carbon credit

46. Which of the 17 SDGs is directly related to the food production and
distribution system?
SDG 15

SDG 2

SDG 12

SDG 1

SDG 8
47. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the United
Nations in ______ to promote inclusive and sustainable development, are
applied to ______, which aims to address global challenges in various areas
such as poverty reduction, environmental protection, etc., and improve the
quality of life for everyone.
2015, developing countries

2016, all countries

2016, developing countries

2015, all countries

48. What is not the solution of SDG 2 mentioned in Benton-Short (2023)?
Developing the agricultural product market

Investing in rural infrastructure development

Improving agricultural productivity

Adopting sustainable agricultural practices

49. The program for managing and selling forest carbon credits as described
in the link below is not directly related to any of the SDGs?
"Mở khóa" thị trường tín chỉ carbon cho Việt Nam | Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)
Việt Nam nhận được khoản chi trả 51,5 triệu USD từ WB qua bán tín chỉ carbon |
Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)

SDG 13
SDG 10
SDG 15
SDG 5
SDG 1
50. Which of the following is not true about the living wage?
 The living wage is equivalent to the minimum wage set by the government.

The living wage ensures that workers and their families can meet basic needs for
food, shelter, and health care.

The living wage can help alleviate poverty and improve the quality of life of
workers.

The living wage is usually determined based on local economic conditions and
the cost of living.

1. What does the term "carbon footprint per capita" refer to?
The average amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by an individual throughout
their lifetime.

The amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated solely by vehicles in a

specific region.

The total amount of carbon dioxide produced by the global population annually.

The total greenhouse gas emissions produced by a country divided by its

population size at a given time period.
2. Which of the following best describes the problem of adverse selection in
health care?
Insurers charging higher premiums based on age.

Sick individuals seeking insurance more often than healthy ones.

Insurers covering only emergency care.

Healthy individuals avoiding insurance because they don’t need it.

3. Complete this sentence: "At present, _______ leads the world in using wind
power, followed by _______, _______, and _______."
China; the United States; Germany; France

China; the United States; Germany; India

China; the United States; Germany; Japan

China; the United States; Germany; Australia

4.
Complete this sentence: "Of the three fossil fuels, combusting _____ emits the
highest percentage of carbon dioxide, followed by _____, and _____ in third."

petroleum; natural gas; coal

coal; petroleum; natural gas

 petroleum; coal; natural gas

natural gas; coal; petroleum

5. Which SDG has an indicator relating to "Food loss index"?
SDG 1

SDG 2

SDG 12

SDG 15
6. Which policy can be used to lower renewable energy prices or reduce costs
for its producers?
Taxes

All of them

Price regulations

Subsidies
7. What is a new set of e-waste management challenges?
Throwaway culture

Preference for convenience over conservation

E-commerce

Planned obsolescence
8. What is the most widely used indicator of corruption worldwide?
Corruption Perceptions Index

Economic Freedom Index (EFI)

Corruption Index

Corruption Free Index

9. Which SDG directly relates to the concept "Life Cycle Assessment - LCA"?
SDG 8

SDG 9

SDG 12

SDG 13
10. What is the primary purpose of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)
programs?
 To fund ecotourism companies and other uses of natural resources.

To encourage organic agriculture and agricultural tourism.

To provide financial incentives to landowners for conserving and restoring

ecosystems.

To reduce the use of pesticides in agriculture.

11. Complete this sentence: "_____________ is one of the most complicated
unsolved problems of sustainable development."
Food security

Food loss

Food safety

Food waste
12. Please complete this sentence: "According to Benton-Short (2023), the
concept of green growth accepts that economic growth in some form will
continue to occur, but that it must incorporate new ___, ___, and ___".
methods, standards, approaches

technologies, practices, policies.

principles, frameworks, initiatives

behaviors, technologies, investments

13. What is the concept of "planetary boundaries"?
The geographical limits of natural resources available for extraction and use.

The thresholds within which humanity can safely operate without causing
significant environmental degradation and disrupting Earth's systems.

The limits set by international agreements for the maximum amount of

greenhouse gases that can be emitted.

The boundaries of individual countries used to measure their environmental

impact and sustainability.
14. Complete this sentence: "The ________ has less than 5 percent of the
world’s population but consumes 20 percent of its oil and is the top-
consuming country for oil, followed by ________, ________, and ________."
China; United States; India; Japan

India; China; United States; Japan

Japan; United States; China; India

United States; China; India; Japan

15. Choose the best fit term for this sentence: "The benefits of successful
R&D can improve existing products and services and gain a ____________ for
a company."
long-run profit

competitive advantage

better reputation

short-run profit
16. Complete this sentence: "In __________ in the world, men spend less time
on unpaid work (such as domestic and volunteer work) than women; in
___________, women spend significantly more time than men on these
activities."
many countries; many countries

many countries; every country

every country; many countries

every country; every country

17. According to the development economist Frances Stewart, "what is the
inequality between individuals, typically measured by income"?
Horizontal inequality

Wealth inequality

Vertical inequality

Income inequality
18. Complete this sentence: "The average __________ consumes more than
ten times the energy of the average Indian, four to five times that of the
average Brazilian, and three times more than the average Chinese."
European

Vietnamese

Australian

American
19. Which is the biggest megacity in the world?
Shanghai, China

Delhi, India

Tokyo, Japan

Sao Paulo, Brazil

20. What was a significant outcome of COP21 (Conference of the Parties 21)
held in Paris in 2015 regarding global temperature?
Creating a framework for expanding fossil fuel use to support economic
development.

Establishing a target to keep global temperature rise well below 2°C above pre-
Industrial Revolution levels, with efforts to limit it to 1.5°C.

Setting a target for regional temperature reductions without a global temperature

goal.

Agreeing to a global target of reducing temperatures to pre-Industrial Revolution

levels.
21. What is the primary purpose of the COP (Conference of the Parties) in the
context of climate change?
To hold annual meetings where countries negotiate and advance global
agreements on climate change and environmental policies.

To review and adjust international trade agreements related to environmental

goods.

To provide financial support for renewable energy projects around the world.

To establish global standards for industrial emissions and pollution control.

22. Complete this sentence: "A genuinely ____________ city is a place where
the environment is protected, the economy can sufficiently provide its
residents with basic needs such as food and shelter, and the residents who
live there have opportunities to live good lives."
sustainable

modern

green

resilient
23. What is a key difference between Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)
and carbon credits from forests?
PES includes a wide range of ecosystem services, while carbon credits
specifically target carbon sequestration.

PES focuses solely on reducing carbon emissions, while carbon credits involve
various environmental benefits.

PES programs require reforestation, while carbon credits from forests are only
concerned with deforestation.

PES is only implemented in urban areas, while carbon credits are used in rural
areas.
24. What is the primary goal of The Great Green Wall initiative?
To construct a network of highways connecting African countries.

To build a physical barrier to stop the migration of wildlife.

To combat desertification and restore degraded lands in the Sahel region.

To create a continuous forest from North Africa to South Africa.

25. Complete this sentence: "In many countries of the Global South, water
challenges are further exacerbated by the effects of __________, such as
desertification, drought, and land degradation."
La Nina

climate change

El Nino

temperature change
26. In which year was 'The International Convention on the Elimination of All
Forms of Racial Discrimination' created by the United Nations?
1975

1955

1965

1945
27. 'Decent work' is defined as jobs that ...
deliver a HIGH income, provide security in the workplace and social protection
for families, and help realize better prospects for personal development and social
integration.

deliver a fair income, provide security in the workplace and social protection for
families, but DO NOT help realize better prospects for personal development and
social integration.

deliver a fair income, help realize better prospects for personal development and
social integration, but DO NOT provide security in the workplace and social
protection for families.

deliver a FAIR income, provide security in the workplace and social protection for
families, and help realize better prospects for personal development and social
integration.
28. Use the Societal Triangulation Model to identify the appropriate position in
line with this statement: 'Developing new vaccines and medicines for
communicable and noncommunicable diseases will involve partnerships with
the private sector pharmaceutical industry'?
4MCS
 4CSM

4MSC

4SMC
29. What is the primary role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)?
To enforce global environmental regulations and policies.

To provide a platform for international climate change negotiations and

agreements.

To fund renewable energy projects worldwide.

To assess and summarize the latest scientific research on climate change and
its impacts.
30. According to Benton-Short (2023), what are the biggest challenges for us
to achieve SDG 8?
The social protection system is still poor and child labor still exists in many
places

Discrimination in employment and occupation is still serious

High unemployment and 'modern slavery' still exist

Many places cannot pay a living wage for workers

All are correct

31. What is the primary purpose of Individual Fishing Quotas (IFQs) in
fisheries management?
To allow unrestricted fishing by commercial fleets

To promote the expansion of fishing fleets regardless of stock health

To allocate a specific portion of the total allowable catch to individual fishers or

companies

To increase the amount of fish caught each season without limits

32. Complete this sentence: "Agricultural __________ of many countries in the
Global North enable their producers to keep prices artificially low, making it
difficult for small farmers in the Global South to compete, even within their
own markets."
subsidies

taxes

practices
 tariffs
33. Complete this sentence: "While ________ addresses the causes of climate
change, _______ concerns preparing society, our infrastructure, and
ecological systems for the effects."
reduction; resilience

resilience; reduction

mitigation; adaptation

adaptation; mitigation
34. The Green Revolution began in the 1940s and gained momentum in the
1960s. Do you know where it started?
China

Vietnam

United States

Mexico

India
35. Complete this sentence: "_________ is an interesting case study where
more than 60 percent of seats are held by women, far more than any other
country."
Vietnam

Nepal

Rwanda

Finland

Cuba
36. Complete this sentence: "_________ poverty is a state of living in which
people can afford necessities but are unable to meet their society’s average
standard of living, and they may not have any of the extras beyond just making
ends meet."
Relative

Multidimensional

Standanrd

Absolute
37. What was the newest international poverty line (in 2022)?
$1.75 per person/day
 $1.5 per person/day

$2.15 per person/day

$1.9 per person/day

38. Which of the following best explains the connection between poverty and
health?
Poverty has little to no impact on health because medical care is universally
accessible.

Higher income levels are significantly linked to higher rates of chronic diseases.

People in poverty often receive higher priority in accessing to healthcare

services.

Poverty increases the risk of malnutrition, which leads to poor health outcomes.
39. Who is the author of the influential 1968 essay titled "The Tragedy of the
Commons"?
Garret Hardin

Elinor Ostrom

Rachel Carson

John Muir
40. Which of the following statements is true regarding Taylor Swift and
carbon credits?
Taylor Swift has criticized carbon credits as ineffective for addressing climate
change.

Taylor Swift has launched a carbon credit trading platform for musicians.

Taylor Swift has sold carbon credits as part of her environmental activism.

Taylor Swift has purchased carbon credits to offset the emissions from her
concert tours.
41. Select a correct word or phrase to fill this sentence: Social protections in
SDG 8 include social security, unemployment benefits, food stamps, and
investments in _____ for workers.
education and job training

sports

safety

healthcare and housing

42. Which of the following concepts is defined as "Food is always accessible
and people are empowered to make their own choices about the food they eat,
by purchasing food, growing food for their own consumption, or bartering for
food."
Food security

Food choice

Food sovereignty

Food safety
43. Which one is correct?
Sustainability can be achieved when two out of the three pillars (i.e.,
environment, economy, and equity) are overlapped.

Sustainability can only be achieved when all three pillars (i.e., environment,
economy, and equity) are overlapped.

Sustainability can be achieved when two out of the three pillars (i.e.,
environment, economy, and equity) are balanced.

Sustainability can only be achieved when all three pillars (i.e., environment,
economy, and equity) are balanced.
44. Which of the following products has the highest 'virtual water content'?
10 cups of coffee

1 hamburger

10 glasses of beer

10 glasses of milk
45. Complete this sentence: "Globally, there are still more _____ than _____
that remain out of school."
males, females

females, males

girls, boys

boys, girls
46. Which of the following relationships between poverty and the environment
is incorrect?
Poverty often leads to the adoption of sustainable farming practices to protect
the environment.

Resource scarcity due to environmental degradation can reduce the quality of

life of the poor.

A degraded environment can exacerbate poverty by reducing the resources

needed for livelihoods.
 Poverty can lead to overexploitation of resources, which degrades the
environment.
47. What Gini index value is considered to indicate a high level of inequality?
0.7 or above

0.5 or above

0.3 or above

Below 0.3
48. Complete this sentence: "Sustainable development is the _____ for
improving long-term economic well-being and quality of life for people now
and in the future."
condition

process

way

strategy
49. By 2050, what percentage of the world population will be living in urban
areas?
About 68 percent

About 58 percent

About 48 percent

About 78 percent
50. Complete this sentence: "Using corn for energy production contributes a
relatively large _______ footprint, _______ food prices, and is an _______ use
of prime agricultural land."
carbon; increases; inefficient

material; increases; inefficient

water; reduces; efficient

ecological; reduces; inefficient