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Iteration Control Structures

The document explains Java's iteration statements: for, while, and do-while loops, which allow repeated execution of code blocks based on a Boolean condition. It details the syntax and structure of each loop type, including examples that demonstrate their usage. Additionally, it outlines the requirements for using iteration structures, such as control variables and loop-continuation conditions.

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4 views

Iteration Control Structures

The document explains Java's iteration statements: for, while, and do-while loops, which allow repeated execution of code blocks based on a Boolean condition. It details the syntax and structure of each loop type, including examples that demonstrate their usage. Additionally, it outlines the requirements for using iteration structures, such as control variables and loop-continuation conditions.

Uploaded by

2244160
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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for loop

while loop
do-while loop
To write programs for executing
statements repeatedly.
To create a for statement
To create a while statement
To create a do-while statement
Java’s iteration statements are for, while and do-while.
These statements create loops. A loop is a structure
that allows repeated execution of a block of
statements. Within a looping structure, a Boolean
expression (loop-continuation condition) is evaluated.
If it is true, a block of statements called the loop body
executes and the Boolean expression is evaluated
again. One execution of any loop is called iteration.
Requirements in using iteration structure
a control variable (or loop counter)
the initial value of the control variable
the increment/decrement/input by which the control
variable is modified each time through the loop (also
known as each iteration of the loop)
the loop-continuation condition that determines if
looping should continue.
A for loop is ideal for performing a known number
of iterations.
You begin a for loop with the keyword for followed
by a set of parentheses. Within the parentheses are
three sections separated by exactly two semicolons.
The three sections are usually used for the following:
• Initializing the loop control variable
• Testing the loop control variable
• Updating the loop control variable
Syntax:
for(initial-action; loop-continuation-condition; action-after-each-iteration){
//loop body
Statement(s);
}
 Here is an example of a simple for loop that prints “Hello”
five times:

int count;
for (count = 1; count <= 5; count++)
System.out.println("Hello");
Output:
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
int count;
for (count = 1; count <= 5; count++)
System.out.println("Hello");
Output:
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
 Sequence of events in the for loop
 Logic of the for loop
a b c
0 -5 5
-4
2 -3 8
4 -2 11
6 -1 14
0
8 1 17
10 2
3
4
A while loop executes statements repeatedly while the
condition is true.
Syntax:
while (loop-continuation-condition) {
// Loop body
Statement(s);
}
 Here is an example of a simple while loop that prints “Hello” five times:
int number = 1;
while (number <= 5)
{
System.out.println("Hello");
number++;
}
Output:
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
How many times will "Hello World" be printed in the
following program segment?
int count = 10;
while (count < 1)
{
System.out.println("Hello World");
count++;
}
How many times will "I love Java programming!" be printed in the following
program segment?
int count = 0;
while (count < 10)
System.out.println("Hello World! ");
System.out.println("I love Java programming! ");
A do-while loop is the same as a while loop except
that it executes the loop body first and then checks the
loop continuation condition.
Syntax:
do{
// Loop body;
Statement(s);
}while(loop-continuation-condition);
 Here is an example of a simple do while loop that prints “Hello” five times:
int number = 1;

do{
System.out.println("Hello");
number++;
}while(number <= 5);
Output:
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
Hello
What does the following program segment output?
int d = 0;
do{
System.out.print(d + " ");
d++;
}while(d < 2);

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