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Im 501

The document provides an overview of machine learning (ML), detailing its definition, key concepts, and applications across various industries. It outlines a systematic process for developing ML models, including data collection and preparation, model selection, training, and evaluation, emphasizing the importance of each step. Future trends in ML such as AutoML, Explainable AI, and edge computing are also discussed.

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Shashank Shekhar
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8 views7 pages

Im 501

The document provides an overview of machine learning (ML), detailing its definition, key concepts, and applications across various industries. It outlines a systematic process for developing ML models, including data collection and preparation, model selection, training, and evaluation, emphasizing the importance of each step. Future trends in ML such as AutoML, Explainable AI, and edge computing are also discussed.

Uploaded by

Shashank Shekhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CA-1 (2023-24)

TOPIC :Machine Learning: Basic Concepts


Introduction to Machine Learning
•Machine
. Learning (ML) is a branch
of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that
allows systems to learn from data,
identify patterns, and make
decisions with minimal human
intervention.
•Key Concepts: Supervised
learning, unsupervised learning,
reinforcement learning.
•Applications: From personalized
recommendations to self-driving
cars, ML is transforming industries.
Step 1 - Data Collection & Preparation
•Data Collection: Gathering data
from various sources such as
databases, APIs, and sensors.
Quality and quantity of data directly
affect the model's performance.
•Data Preparation: Cleaning,
normalizing, and splitting data into
training and testing sets. This step
ensures that the data is in the right
format for modeling.
•Example: Collecting and cleaning
transaction data for fraud detection.
Step 2 - Model Selection
•Choosing the right machine learning model is
crucial and depends on the nature of the
problem (e.g., classification, regression).
•Common Models:
•Classification: Decision Trees, Random
Forests.
•Regression: Linear Regression, Support
Vector Machines.
•Example: Selecting a Random Forest model
to classify emails as spam or not.
Step 3 - Model Training
•Training involves feeding the model
with training data, allowing it to learn by
adjusting its parameters to minimize
prediction errors.
•Key Concepts: Loss functions (e.g.,
Mean Squared Error), backpropagation
in neural networks.
•Example: Training a neural network to
recognize handwritten digits using the
MNIST dataset.
Step 4 - Model Evaluation
•Evaluation Metrics: After
training, the model is evaluated on
the test data to ensure it performs
well on unseen data.
•Key Metrics: Accuracy,
Precision, Recall, F1-Score.
•Example: Evaluating the
performance of a sentiment
analysis model on movie reviews

Here is a graph showing accuracy


vs epoch in training.
CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPES
•Recap: Machine learning involves a systematic
process from data collection to model
deployment. Each step is vital for building
effective ML models.
•Future Directions: The rise of AutoML, the
.
integration of Explainable AI, and the shift
towards edge computing for faster ML.

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