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Static Indeterminacy Truss

The document discusses the concept of static indeterminacy in structures, outlining the conditions for equilibrium and the definitions of determinacy and indeterminacy. It explains how to evaluate the degree of indeterminacy in two-dimensional pin-jointed frames and provides a formula for calculating the static degree of indeterminacy based on the number of members, reactions, and joints. Examples illustrate the application of these principles in determining unknown forces in structural analysis.

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Patel Rishi
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10 views4 pages

Static Indeterminacy Truss

The document discusses the concept of static indeterminacy in structures, outlining the conditions for equilibrium and the definitions of determinacy and indeterminacy. It explains how to evaluate the degree of indeterminacy in two-dimensional pin-jointed frames and provides a formula for calculating the static degree of indeterminacy based on the number of members, reactions, and joints. Examples illustrate the application of these principles in determining unknown forces in structural analysis.

Uploaded by

Patel Rishi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course: Theory of Structures Course Instructor: Dr Payal Desai

Course Code: STR402 Topic: Static Indeterminacy

Statical Indeterminacy
Equilibrium Equations
Any plane frame structure which is in a state of equilibrium under the action of an externally applied force
system must satisfy the following three conditions:

 the sum of the horizontal components of all applied forces must equal zero,
 the sum of the vertical components of all applied forces must equal zero,
 the sum of the moments of all applied forces about any point in the plane of the frame must equal zero.

This is represented by the following ‘three equations of static equilibrium’

Defining Determinacy and Indeterminacy


 In statically determinate structures, all internal member forces and external reactant forces can be
evaluated using the three equations of static equilibrium.

 When there are more unknown member forces and external reactant forces than the available equations of
equilibrium, a structure is statically indeterminate, and it is necessary to consider the compatibility of
structural deformations to fully analyse the structure.

 The degree-of-indeterminacy, referred to as ID in this text, is equal to the number of unknown variables,
i.e. member forces/external reactions, which are in excess of the equations of equilibrium available to solve
for them.

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Course: Theory of Structures Course Instructor: Dr Payal Desai
Course Code: STR402 Topic: Static Indeterminacy

Indeterminacy of Two-Dimensional Pin-Jointed Frames

The external components of reaction (r) in pin-jointed frames are normally one of the following two types:
(i) a roller support providing one degree-of-restraint, i.e. perpendicular to the roller, (ii) a pinned support
providing two degrees-of-restraint, e.g. in the horizontal and vertical directions.

 Fig. 1
 In Figure 1 there are three unknowns, (HA, VA and VC), and three equations of equilibrium which can be
used to determine their values: there are no redundant components of reaction.

 In Figure 2 there are five unknown components of reaction, (HA,VA, VF, HE and VE), and only three
equations of equilibrium; there are two redundant reactions in this case.

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Course: Theory of Structures Course Instructor: Dr Payal Desai
Course Code: STR402 Topic: Static Indeterminacy

 The internal members of pin-jointed frames transfer either tensile or compressive axial loads through the
nodes to the supports and hence reactions. A simple pin-jointed frame is one in which the minimum number
of members is present to ensure stability and static equilibrium.
 It is also essential to consider the configuration of the members in a frame to ensure that it is triangulated.
The simple frames indicated in Figure are unstable.

Developing Expression for calculating static degree of indeterminacy

 Let us consider a plane truss with three reaction components, m members and j hinged (pinned) joints
(including the supports, which are also hinged)
 The unknown forces are the three reaction components and the force in each member – that is, 3 + m. Now,
at each joint two equations of equilibrium can be written:

 the summation being for the components of all the external and internal forces meeting at the joint.
 Thus, the total number of equations is 2j.
 For statical determinacy, the number of equations of statics is the same as the number of unknowns, that is,
2j = m + 3
 The degree of indeterminacy is then i = (m + r)− 2j
 For the truss shown in Figure , r=4, m=18, and j=10. Hence, i=2.

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Course: Theory of Structures Course Instructor: Dr Payal Desai
Course Code: STR402 Topic: Static Indeterminacy

Calculate Static Degree of Indeterminacy for the following Truss System

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