Lesson 1.1 o​ Doctors receive instant medical updates on patient status.

Benefits of Being Computer Savvy

Patient Empowerment Through IT:
Computer Savvy ●​ More access to medical information: Patients arrive at doctors’ offices already informed.
-​ understands capabilities and limitations, advantages and risks of using computers; knows when to ask
for help ●​ Online communication:

o​ Patients email doctors for medical advice.

Practical Payoffs:
🌵 You will learn to make better buying decisions.
🌵 You will know how to fix everyday computer problems.
o​ Online health forums allow patients to share experiences.

🌵 You will know how to customize your computer equipment and integrate it with new products. ●​ Privacy & security concerns remain issues in medical IT.
🌵 You will know how to use the internet most effectively.
🌵 You will know how to protect yourself against online villains.
Money: The Cashless Society
🌵 You will know what kind of computer use can advance your career. ●​ IT has introduced multiple digital payment options:

Lesson 1.2 o​ Credit/debit cards, direct deposits, online banking, micropayments, and e-wallets (e.g.,
Information Technology and Your Life PayPal).

●​ E-commerce (Online Shopping):

Information Technology (IT)
-​ portrays any technology that o​ Buying and selling goods online has become common.
-​ helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information
o​ E-grocers (online grocery stores) offer low delivery costs and convenience.
Education: A More Interactive and Individualized Learning
●​ Online Bill Payments:
-​ is universal on college campuses, and at lower levels, the internet has penetrated 99% of schools.
-​ Most students start using computers between ages 5-18. o​ Utilities, phone bills, and subscriptions can be paid electronically.
-​ allow students to personalize their education
-​ still evolving and expanding. ●​ Micropayments (small digital payments under $1(25 cents):
-​ Benefits of IT in education:
o​ Allow users to pay for small transactions (e.g., online articles, game credits).
o​ Personalizes learning and automates routine tasks.
o​ Reduces teacher workload, allowing focus on students. ●​ Security risks and fraud prevention are concerns in online transactions.
o​ Tools used: Internet, PowerPoint, distance learning (e-learning).
-​ E-learning applications: Leisure: IT in Entertainment & the Arts
o​ Reaches rural students.
●​ IT has revolutionized entertainment:
o​ Connects gifted students with experts.
o​ Helps professionals gain further credentials. o​ Videogames, digital music, telegambling, and online streaming.
Health: High Tech for Wellness
●​ IT has transformed medical tools and patient care. ●​ Music Industry:

●​ Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) store all health data, including: o​ Digital distribution changes how artists make money.

o​ Lab tests, X-rays, MRIs, heart rate monitoring, and more. o​ Independent musicians can earn profits by selling 20,000-30,000 albums online.

●​ Remote patient monitoring: ●​ Film Industry:

o​ Intensive care patients can be observed by doctors from remote locations. o​ Blockbusters now use computer-generated imagery (CGI).
 o​ Example: Star Wars: Episode I (1999) had 1,965 out of 2,200 shots digitally enhanced. ▪​ Disadvantages:
o​ Digital editing replaces traditional film cutting, making production faster.
▪​ Current employers might see your job search.
●​ Amateur Filmmaking:
▪​ Loss of control over personal information.
o​ Digital camcorders and affordable video editing software make filmmaking accessible.
Conclusion
o​ Home videos can now be professionally edited on personal computers.
IT continues to evolve and integrate into all aspects of life.
Government: E-Democracy & Digital Governance
●​ Education, health, money, entertainment, government, and careers are all deeply impacted by IT.
●​ IT improves government services and increases transparency.
●​ New advancements (AI, automation, cybersecurity, etc.) will shape the future.
●​ Online Government Services:

o​ Pay taxes, renew vehicle registration, apply for public sector jobs, etc.

●​ Political Campaigning & Activism:

o​ Candidates use social media and text messaging to reach voters.

o​ Protests and movements are organized using IT.

o​ Small donors can contribute to campaigns online.

Jobs & Careers: The Digital Workplace

●​ IT is essential in almost every profession today.

●​ Types of IT-based careers:

o​ Ordinary jobs: Require basic computer skills.

o​ Professional jobs: Require advanced computer training and specialization.

●​ How IT is Changing Job Markets:

o​ IT creates new jobs while transforming old ones.

o​ Employees must adapt to technology-driven careers.

●​ Online Job Hunting:

o​ Job seekers use online platforms to find opportunities.

o​ Employers use digital databases to find candidates.

o​ Résumé posting online:

▪​ Advantages: Low cost, broad exposure.

Lesson 1.3: Categories of Machines & IT Infrastructures ●​ Types of microcomputers:

1. Supercomputers o​ Desktop PCs – Traditional, non-portable computers.

●​ Most powerful & fastest computers, performing trillions of calculations per second. o​ Laptops (Notebooks) – Portable computers with built-in components.

●​ Most costly and quickest computers available. o​ Netbooks – Low-cost, lightweight computers for basic tasks.

●​ Used for scientific research, weather forecasting, aircraft design, encryption, and business o​ Tablets – Touchscreen devices for web browsing, media, and communication.
analytics.
o​ Smartphones – Mobile phones with advanced computing capabilities.
●​ Future development: Nanotechnology, using molecule-size nanostructures to create tiny machines for
holding data or performing tasks, and could lead to tiny, high-speed supercomputers. ●​ Often connected through Local Area Networks (LANs) for communication.

●​ NASA researchers and university partners use supercomputers to better understand the coronavirus o​ connects several desktop PCs and other devices, such as printers, offices, or buildings.
and how it spreads. 5. Microcontrollers (Embedded Computers)
2. Mainframe Computers ●​ Microprocessors embedded in devices to control specific functions.
●​ Large, high-capacity computers used for massive data processing. ●​ Found in smart appliances, cars, medical devices, and wearable technology.
●​ The only type of computing machine available until the late 1960s ●​ Examples:
●​ mainframes are water- or air-cooled computers that differ in size from small, to medium, to large o​ Microwave ovens (store cooking settings).
●​ Small mainframes, also called midsize computers; they used to be called minicomputers o​ Digital cameras, MP3 players, and smartwatches.
●​ Common users: Banks, airlines, insurance companies, universities. o​ Medical sensors (blood pressure monitors, airbag sensors, etc.).
●​ Can process billions of instructions per second. Other IT Infrastructures & Gadgets
●​ Often accessed via terminals (screen + keyboard but no processing power). 1. Network Servers
3. Workstations ●​ Central computers that store and manage data and programs for connecting or supplying services to
●​ Powerful personal computers used for specialized tasks like: PCs, workstations, and other devices, which are called clients.

o​ Scientific & engineering calculations ●​ The entire system is called a client/server network.

o​ Computer-Aided Design (CAD) & Manufacturing (CAM) ●​ Connected via wired or wireless networks.

o​ 3D graphics & movie special effects ●​ Used in businesses, schools, and organizations.

●​ High-end workstations have similar capabilities to small mainframes. 2. Computer Peripheral (Peripheral Devices) (Input/Output Devices)

●​ The features of low-end workstations overlap those of high-end desktop microcomputers. ●​ External (detachable) devices that interact with computers.

●​ introduced in the early 1980s ●​ Examples: Keyboards, mice, printers, external hard drives, monitors, scanners.

4. Microcomputers (Personal Computers - PCs) 3. Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)

●​ Small, widely used computers for personal and business purposes.

 ●​ an electronic data memory device that uses magnetic storage devices to keep long-term data
storage using one or more rigid, rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material.

●​ Stores operating systems, files, applications, and multimedia.

●​ Can be internal (inside a computer) or external (portable storage).

4. Solid-State Drives (SSDs)

●​ a solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies as memory to store data
persistently

●​ Sometimes called a solid-state device or a solid-state disk

●​ Faster and more durable storage than HDDs.

●​ Uses flash memory instead of spinning disks.

●​ is a flash memory and has no moving parts.

5. Flash Drives (USB Drives)

●​ Portable, rewritable storage devices that connect via USB.

●​ provides a quick and reliable method of storing data externally.

●​ Commonly used for data transfer and backup.

●​ typically removable, rewritable, and much smaller than an optical disc.

6. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

●​ Protects devices from power fluctuations by maintaining stable voltage.

7. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

●​ Provides battery backup during electrical failures.

●​ Small UPS: Allows time to save work and shut down safely.

●​ Large UPS: Powers devices for extended periods

Lesson 2.1 5. Enter a password for your Gmail account.
Email Basics 6. Click on the Next button.

E-mail, Electronic Mail Essential Parts of an Email

-​ method of trading messages between people using electronic devices’ mail 1.​ To:
-​ information stored on a computer exchanged between two end-users over telecommunications -​ The email address of the primary recipient
-​ a message that may carry text, files, images, or other attachments sent through a network to a
designated individual or group 2.​ Cc:
-​ Previously means carbon copy, but now it means courtesy copy. When
Two Ways to Send & Receive Email referring to email “cc,” this means every recipient email address you enter into
​ email program email client software, email application the “to” and “cc” field will be able to see who the recipients of the email message
-​ send emails by running email software on your computer are.
web-based email
-​ send and receive messages by communicating via a browser with a website 3.​ Bcc:
-​ advantage: can easily send and receive messages while traveling anywhere in the world -​ Blind carbon copy. The email address you add to the “bcc” field will
receive a copy of the email message, but this will be unknown to the other
Big Four Email Carriers recipients.
1.​ Yahoo! Mail
2.​ Windows Live Hotmail (discontinued) 4.​ Subject:
3.​ Gmail (Google) -​ The subject is a very brief topic sentence describing the content of
4.​ AOL Mail the email body and displays in most email systems that list email messages
Individually.
How to Use Email
*Periods (called “dots”) separate domain-name components. 5.​ Body:
[email protected] -​ The email body, which contains text that is the actual content. It may
Username include signatures–automatically generated information that is inserted by the
-​ user ID, identifies who is at the address. sender’s email system.
Domain name
-​ located after the @ (“at”) symbol Lesson 2.2
-​ location and type of address Email Etiquette
Top-level domain -​ principles of behavior that one should use when writing or answering email messages
-​ domain code, three-letter extension that describes the domain type -​ code of conduct for email communication
-​ .net, .com, .gov, .edu, .org, .mil, .int– network, commercial, government, educational, nonprofit, military, -​ depends on whom the sender is writing
or international organization. Email Is A Powerful Tool. Use It Wisely.
Emails are a part of the business. But as one gets more and more inundated, it should be ensured that
Country emails get read. One way to do this is to appropriate some best practices for professional email etiquette. From
-​ a two-letter extension for the country a professional email greeting to a professional email format, it can all make a big difference

Creating an Email Account Specify the subject line.

1. Open the Gmail account registration website. Use professional email greetings.
2. Click Create an Account.
3. Input your first and last name. Keep fonts classic.
4. Come up with a username for your Gmail account.
Resist emojis in email.
Proofread every message. o​ Cursor: Blinking symbol showing where text/commands will be entered.

Type addresses carefully. o​ Scrolling: Moving up/down/sideways through a document.

Try to reply to email messages. ▪​ 20-22 standard size

Attach small size files if needed. o​ Word Wrap: Automatically moves text to the next line when the right margin is reached.

●​ Outline View: Helps organize reports by tagging headings.

Email Terminologies o​ Main head, Sub-heading, Sub-subhead (Hierarchy samthing)

Attachment. ●​ Footnotes: Automatically numbered and renumbered when edited.

-​ An e-mail attachment is a software file sent along with an e-mail message. Editing Documents
-​ Any e-mail message sent to the recipient can have one or more files attached.
-​ a simple method used to share documents and images. -​ the act of making alterations in the content of your document.

Threadjacking. ●​ Insert & Delete: Add or remove text using the cursor and keyboard commands.

-​ refers to an e-mail thread, message board, or social media conversation that veers away from the o​ Undo: Restores deleted text.
original topic. ●​ Find & Replace: Searches for specific words/phrases and replaces them.
-​ usually occurs deliberately when individuals or groups use the platform to serve personal interests or
promote an agenda. ●​ Cut, Copy & Paste: Moves or duplicates text efficiently.
-​ Considered a lousy internet etiquette
●​ Spelling Checker: Identifies misspelled words, often using AutoCorrect.
Forward.
●​ Grammar Checker: Flags incorrect grammar, sentence structure, and word usage.
-​ E-mail forwarding generically refers to the operation of re-sending an e-mail message delivered to
●​ Thesaurus: Suggests alternative words.
one e-mail address to a possibly different e-mail address

Send Read Receipt.

Formatting Documents
-​ A read receipt is an e-mail notification delivered to the sender when a recipient opens (and presumably
reads) an e-mail sent. ●​ Templates & Wizards: Preformatted documents for specific layouts.
-​ The receipt confirms that the recipient read the message and records the time.
●​ Text Formatting:
E-mail Signature
o​ Font type, size, bold, italic, underline options.
-​ A signature block is a personalized block of text automatically appended at the bottom of an e-mail
message. Generally, a signature provides the recipient with your name, e-mail address, business o​ Spacing (single, double) and column formatting.
contact information, or Web site URL.
o​ Margins & justification (left, center, right, justified alignment).
Lesson 3.1: Creating, Editing, and Formatting Documents
●​ Headers, Footers & Page Numbers: Adds repeated text or numbers to pages.
Creating Documents
o​ Headers – a common text (date/doc) printed at the top of every page
●​ Enter text using a keyboard or dictation software.
o​ Footers – a common text (date/doc) printed at the bottom of every page
●​ Key Features:
 ●​ Other Formatting Options: + H – Replace

o​ Borders, tables, footnotes, shading. + B – Bold

o​ Graphics import (clip art, images). + I – Italic

●​ Default Settings: Predefined formats unless manually changed. + U – Underline

+ L – Align Left

Lesson 3.2: Output Options and Saving Documents + E – Align Center

Printing Documents + R – Align Right

●​ Print multiple copies, specific pages, or full documents. + J – Justify

●​ Print Preview: Displays a reduced-size preview before printing. + A – Select all/Highlight all

Saving Documents

●​ Saving: Stores a document permanently on a storage device (hard disk, flash drive, etc.).

●​ Prevents loss of work and allows future editing.

●​ Save often to avoid data loss.

Tracking Changes & Inserting Comments

●​ Track Changes: Highlights edits (insertions, deletions, modifications) in different colors per editor.

●​ Comments: Allows reviewers to add notes/questions without altering the document.

●​ Can print a version with or without edits and comments.

Commands chuchunes

Ctrl + N – New document

+ P – Print

+ S – Save document

+ Z – Undo

+ Y – Redo

+ C – Copy

+ V – Paste

+ F – Find
 🌵 Outline View feature puts tags on various headings to show the hierarchy of heads.
🏡 Editing Documents
Lesson 3.1 | Creating, Editing, and Formatting Documents -​ act of making alterations in the content of your document.
-​ Edit pull-down menu and icons on the toolbar
🌵 word processing refers to the act of using a computer to create, edit, and format 🍃 Insert & Delete
🏡 remember the shortcuts! -​ Inserting is the act of adding to the document, Insert key
🖍️ ribbon -​ Deleting is the act of removing text, Delete key or the Backspace key
🖍️ quick access toolbar -​ Undo command allows you to change your mind and restore text that you have
🖍️ title bar deleted
🖍️ tabs → groups → specific icons 🍃 Find & Replace
🖍️ Ctrl + F -​ The Find, or Search, command allows you to find any word, phrase, or number that
🖍️ Ctrl + H exists in your document.
🖍️ Ctrl + X -​ The Replace command allows you to automatically replace it with something else
🖍️ Ctrl + C 🍃 Cut/Copy & Paste
🖍️ Ctrl + V -​ You select (highlight with the mouse) the portion of text you want to copy or move.
highlight: Then you use the Copy or Cut command to move it to the clipboard, a special holding
🖍️ triple click - paragraph area in the computer’s memory. From there, you use Paste to transfer the material to
🖍️ double click - word any point (indicated with the cursor) in the existing document or in a new document.
🖍️ Ctrl + A - all
🍃 Spelling Checker
🖍️ Ctrl + any word in the sentence - sentence
-​ tests for incorrectly spelled words. As you type, the spelling checker indicates
(perhaps with a squiggly line) words that aren’t in its dictionary and thus may be
🏡 Creating a Document -​
misspelled
Special add-on dictionaries are available for medical, engineering, and legal terms
🍃 Cursor 🍃 Grammar Checker
-​ movable symbol on the display screen that shows you where you may next enter
data or commands -​ A grammar checker highlights poor grammar, wordiness, incomplete sentences, and
-​ blinking rectangle or I-beam awkward phrases. The grammar checker won’t fix things automatically, but it will
-​ insertion point, point where the cursor is located flag (perhaps with a different-color line) possible incorrect word usage and sentence
structure
🍃 Scrolling 🍃 Thesaurus
-​ moving quickly upward, downward, or sideways through the text or other screen
display -​ if you find yourself stuck for the right word while you’re writing, you can call up an
-​ standard computer screen displays only 20-22 lines of standard-size text on-screen thesaurus, which will present you with the appropriate word or alternative
words.
🍃 Word Wrap 🌵 Auto Correct function that automatically fixes such common mistakes as transposed letters.
-​ automatically continues text to the next line when you reach the right margin
🏡 Formatting Documents with the Help of Templates & Wizards 🍃 Default Settings
-​ means determining the appearance of a document -​ settings automatically used by a program unless the user specifies
-​ A template, called a wizard in older Office versions, is a preformatted document that provides otherwise, thereby overriding them
basic tools for shaping a final document–the text, layout, and style for a letter, for example.
Simply put, it is a style guide for documents.
Lesson 3.2 | Output Options and Saving Documents
-​ Among the many aspects of formatting are these:
🍃Font 🌵 Previewing (print previewing) means viewing a document on-screen to see what it will look like in printed
-​ You can decide what font–typeface and type size–you wish to use. For form before it’s printed.
instance, you can specify whether it should be Arial, Courier, or Freestyle
Script. You can indicate whether the text should be, say, 10 points or 12
points in size and the headings should be 14 points or 16 points. (There are 🍃 Saving Documents
72 points in an inch.) You can specify what parts should be underlined, Saving means storing, or preserving, a document as an electronic file permanently–on your hard disk or a flash
italic, or boldface. drive, for example.

🍃 Spacing & Columns 🍃 Tracking Changes & Inserting Comments

-​ You can choose whether you want the lines to be single-spaced or What if you have written an important document and have asked other people to edit it? Word processing
double-spaced (or something else). You can specify whether you want to be software allows editing changes to be tracked by highlighting them, underlining additions, and crossing out
one column (like this page), two columns (like many magazines and books), deletions. Each person working on the document can choose a different color so that you can tell who’s done
or several columns (like newspapers). what and when. And anyone can insert hidden questions or comments that become visible when you pass the
mouse pointer over yellow-highlighted words or punctuation. An edited document can be printed out showing
🍃 Margins & Justification all the changes, as well as a list of comments keyed to the text by numbers. Or it can be printed out “clean,”
-​ You can indicate the dimensions of the margins–left, right, top, and showing the edited text in its new form, without the changes.
bottom–around the text. You can specify the text justification–how the
letters and words are spaced in each line. To justify means to align text
evenly between left and right margins, as in most newspaper columns. To
left-justify means to align text evenly on the left. (Left-justified text has a
“ragged-right” margin, as do many business letters.) Centering centers each
text line in the available white space between the left and right margins.

🍃 Headers, Footers, & Page Numbers

-​ You can indicate headers or footers and include page numbers. A header is
common text (such as a date or document name) printed at the top of every
page. A footer is the same thing printed at the bottom of every page. If you
want page numbers, you can determine what number to start with, among
other things.

🍃Other Formatting
-​ You can specify borders or other decorative lines, shading, tables, and
footnotes. You can import graphics or drawings from files in other software
programs, including clip art–collections of ready-made pictures and
illustrations available online.