Intelligent Data Mining and Analysis in Power and Energy Systems: Models and Applications For Smarter Efficient Power Systems 1st Edition Zita A. Valedownload
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Edited by
Zita Vale
GECAD Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation
and Development (GECAD) Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ISEP/IPP) Porto, Portugal
Tiago Pinto
GECAD Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation
and Development (GECAD) Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ISEP/IPP) Porto, Portugal and
University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real, Portugal
Michael Negnevitsky
School of Engineering, University of Tasmania Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. All rights reserved.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
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Contents
Introduction 1
References 3
1 Foundations 7
Ansel Y. Rodríguez-González, Angel Díaz-Pacheco, Ramón Aranda, and Miguel Á.
Álvarez-Carmona
Acronyms 7
1.1 Data Mining: Why and What? 7
1.2 Data Mining into KDD 8
1.3 The Data Mining Process 9
1.3.1 Data Cleaning 10
1.3.2 Data Integration 10
1.3.3 Data Reduction 11
1.3.4 Data Transformation 12
1.4 Data Mining Task and Techniques 12
1.4.1 Techniques 14
1.4.1.1 Techniques in the “Description” Branch 14
1.4.1.2 Regression Techniques 14
1.4.1.3 Classification Techniques 15
1.4.2 Applications 17
1.5 Data Mining Issues and Considerations 18
1.5.1 Scalability of Algorithms 18
1.5.2 High Dimensionality 18
1.5.3 Improving Interpretability 18
1.5.4 Handling Uncertainty 19
1.5.5 Privacy and Security Concerns 19
1.6 Summary 19
References 20
viii Contents
Part II Clustering 69
Conclusions 433
Zita Vale, Tiago Pinto, Michael Negnevitsky, and Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy
Index 435
xix
Zita Vale, IEEE Senior Member, graduated in electrical engineering in 1986, received the PhD
degree in electrical and computer engineering in 1993, and the Agregação title (Habilitation) in
2003 from the University of Porto, Portugal. She is a full professor in the School of Engineering,
Polytechnic of Porto. She leads the research activities on Intelligent Power and Energy Systems
at GECAD – Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Inno-
vation and Development. She has been involved in more than 60 R&D projects and published
more than 200 papers in international scientific journals. Her scientific research activities
mainly focus on Power and Energy Systems Operation, Electricity Markets, Demand Response,
Renewables, Electric Vehicles, and Distributed Generation and Storage. She has been developing
artificial-intelligence-based models, methods, and applications for power and energy, using agents
and multiagent systems, knowledge-based systems, semantics, machine learning, data mining,
and evolutionary computation.
She actively participates in several technical working groups and committees. She is the chair
of the IEEE PES Intelligent Data Analysis and Mining (IDMA) Working Group and of the Open
Data Sets (ODS) Task Force. She is the chair of the board of directors of ISAP – Intelligent Systems
Application to Power Systems. She is involved in editing activities for different journals and books
and is a regular reviewer and evaluator for papers and for project proposals and monitoring from
different funding agencies around the world.
Tiago Pinto is an assistant professor at the Universidade de Trás os Montes e Alto Douro
(UTAD), Portugal, and researcher at INESC-TEC. He has concluded the BSc and MSc, both at
the School of Engineering of the Polytechnic of Porto, where he has also developed his research
work for more than 10 years, namely at GECAD – Research Group on Intelligent Engineering
and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development. He got the PhD from UTAD in 2016,
after which he engaged in a postdoc at the University of Salamanca, in collaboration with the
University of Oxford and ENGIE. His main research interests focus on artificial intelligence and
its application in power and energy systems, particularly machine learning, multi-agent systems,
decision support systems, and metaheuristic optimization. Through the involvement in more than
30 research projects in these fields, he has authored over 200 publications in international journals
and conferences, and has co-edited several books and special issues in journals related to power
and energy systems and artificial intelligence.
Michael Negnevitsky received the BE (Hons) in Electrical Engineering degree and PhD degree
from Byelorussian University of Technology, Minsk, Belarus, in 1978 and 1983, respectively. From
1978 to 1980, he worked at the Electrical Maintenance, Construction and Commissioning Com-
pany, and from 1984 to 1991, he was Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Electrical Engi-
neering, Byelorussian University of Technology, Minsk. After his arrival to Australia, he worked
xx About the Editors
at Monash University, Melbourne, and then the University of Tasmania. Currently he is Professor
and Chair in Power Engineering and Computational Intelligence, and Director of the Centre for
Renewable Energy and Power Systems.
His research interests include power system analysis and control, micro-grids with distributed
and renewable energy resources, smart grids, power quality and applications of artificial intelli-
gence in power systems. He has published more than 450 papers in high-quality journals and
refereed conference proceedings, authored 14 chapters in several books, and received 4 patents
for inventions. His book Artificial Intelligence (Addison Wesley 2002, 2005, 2011) has been trans-
lated into Mandarin, Cantonese, Korean, Greek, and Vietnamese and adopted in many universities
around the world.
He is Fellow of Engineers Australia, Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,
Member of CIGRE AP C4 (System Technical Performance) and AP C6 (Distribution Systems and
Dispersed Generation), Australian Technical Committee. Dr. Negnevitsky has served as Secretary
and Deputy Chair of IEEE PES Energy Development and Power Generation Committee, Chair
of IEEE PES International Practices Subcommittee, and Chair of the IEEE PES Working Group
on High Renewable Energy Penetration in Remote and Isolated Power Systems. In 2018, he
received the Joint Australasian Committee for Power Engineering and CIGRE Australia Award
for “outstanding career-long contributions to research and teaching in electric power engineering
as well as contribution to industry and CIGRE activities.”
Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy is the Duke Energy Distinguished Professor of Power Engi-
neering and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Clemson University since January
2012. Prior to that, he was a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Missouri
University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), Rolla, USA, where he was from 2002 to 2011.
Dr. Venayagamoorthy was a Senior Lecturer in Department of Electronic Engineering, Durban Uni-
versity of Technology, Durban, South Africa, where he was from 1996 to 2002. Dr. Venayagamoorthy
is the Founder and Director of the Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Missouri
S&T and Clemson University.
Dr. Venayagamoorthy received his PhD and MScEng degrees in Electrical Engineering from
the University of Natal, Durban, South Africa, in April 2002 and April 1999, respectively. He
received his BEng degree with a First-Class Honors in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria, in March 1994. He holds an MBA degree in
Entrepreneurship and Innovation from Clemson University, SC (August 2016).
Dr. Venayagamoorthy’s interests are in research, development and innovation of power systems,
smart grid, and artificial intelligence technologies. Dr. Venayagamoorthy is a Fellow of the IEEE,
IET (UK), the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE) and Asia-Pacific Artificial
Intelligence Association (AAIA), and a Senior Member of the International Neural Network
Society.
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