I.

Lý thuyết về câu so sánh

→ Short and long adjectives (Tính từ ngắn và tính từ dài):

Tính từ ngắn là tính từ có một âm tiết. Tính từ có hai âm tiết trở lên là tính từ dài.

e.g: Long, short, nice, dry,…là tính từ ngắn.

Careful, careless, complicated, bored,… là tính từ dài.

→ Short and long adverbs (Trạng từ ngắn và trạng từ dài):

Trạng từ ngắn là trạng từ có một âm tiết. Trạng từ có hai âm tiết trở lên là trạng từ
dài.

e.g: Hard, fast, late, soon, …là những trạng từ ngắn.

Quickly, interestingly, tiredly, slowly…là những trạng từ dài.

→ Lưu ý: Các tính từ hai âm tiết tận cùng là “y”, “ow’’, “le”, “er”, “et” thì ta coi
như tính từ ngắn.

e.g: Happy, lovely, lazy, busy, narrow, simple, clever, quiet,…

Early được coi như trạng từ ngắn.

1. I. Equal degree (So sánh bằng):

+ S2 + ( be/ Trợ động từ)c
S1 + (be/ V)c + as + adj / adv + as
+O
e.g: She is as tall as I am = She is as tall as me. (Cô ấy cao bằng tôi.)
He runs as quickly as I do = He runs as quickly as me. (Anh ấy chạy nhanh như
tôi.)
2. Comparatives: (So sánh hơn):
+ adj/ adv (short) + er + than + S2 + ( be/ Trợ động
S1 + (be/ V)c
từ)c / O
+ more adj/ adv (long)
e.g: My friend did the test more carefully than I did. = My friend did the test more
carefully than me. (Bạn tôi làm bài kiểm tra cẩn thận hơn tôi.)
He is more intelligent than I am. = He is more intelligent than me. (Anh ấy thông
minh hơn tôi.)
John is stronger than his brother.

He runs faster than I do.

III. Superlatives (So sánh nhất):

+ adj / adv (short) + est
S + (be/ V)c + the
+ most + adj / adv (long)

g: That was the happinest day of my life.

Maria is the most beautiful in my class.

Cheetah runs the fastest in the world.

Of the students in my class, Nam speaks English the most fluently.

Double comparatives (So sánh kép): Càng …càng…

The adj-er + S +V, the Adj-er + S + V

E.g: The harder we work, the better our results are.

the more/less Adj + S + V, the more/less Adj + S + V

E.g: The more careful you are, the more perfect your project is
The less difficult the lessons are, the less diligent the students are
Một số tính từ, trạng từ bất qui tắc

SS hơn SS hơn nhất

Good / well better the best
Bad / badly worse the worst
further the furthest
Far
farther the farthest
Much / many more the most
Little less the least
Few fewer the fewest
Happy happier the happiest
Lazy lazier laziest
Clever cleverer the cleverest
Narrow narrower the narrowest

II. Bài tập về câu so sánh

EXERCISE 1. Give the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs in
brackets:
1. This chair is ..........…………….. than that one. (comfortable)

2. Your flat is .....................………....... than mine. (large)

3. The weather today is ........................……… than it was yesterday. (hot)

4. The Nile is the ...................……….. river in the world. (long)

5. Chinese bicycles are ..........……………….. than Japanese ones. (bad)

6. Mathematics is ........................…...….. than English. (difficult)

7. Ho Chi Minh is the .............……………. city in Viet Nam. (big)

8. He drives ..............……………than his friend. (careful)

9. She sings .....................……….. in this school. (beautiful)

10. I read ..........................……….. than my sister. (slow)

11. Grace is .....................…………….. girl in our class. (old)

12. This exercise is ...........….…………..than that one. (easy)

13. He is twice ..............………..as you. (fat)

14. Nam is ................……….. student of all. (noisy)

15. My cold is ..............……….. today than it was yesterday. (good)

Exercise 2: Use the correct kind of comparison form of adjectives and

adverbs:

1. Your house is ………………….. than my house. (big)

2. These books are ………………… than those books. (thick)

3. Hoi An Ancient Town is the …………………….. town in Vietnam. (old)

4. The Great Wall of China is the world’s …………………. structure. (long)

5. Nam is ………………. than Ba. He is ……………………. boy in class 6A.

(tall)

6. This girl is …………………… than that girl. (clever)

7. Mary is ……………………… as her sister. (pretty)

8. The Nile River is the ………………….. river in the world. (long)

9. A new house is ………………………. than an old one. (expensive)

10. We’ve had …………………. difficulty with this part than that one. (little)

11. His English is …………………….. of these students. (good)

12. Mount Everest is ……………………… mountain in the world. (high)

13. Travelling by air or car, which is ………………………… ? (interesting)

14. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere …………………… ? (quiet)

15. Hanoi is ……………………… than Ho Chi Minh City. (small)

16. PETRONAS Twins Towers are ……………………… than Sears Towers.

(tall)

17. Thanks to the progress of science, our life is becoming ………… and
………… (good)

18. In order to get good marks, we have to do ………………….. practice. (far)

19. John is much …………………… than I thought. (strong)

20. Mr. Kelly is ………………………… man in that organization. (popular)

Exercise 3: Use the double comparative form of the adjectives and adverbs:

1. She speaks English ……………………………… (fluently)

2. My chair was getting ……………………………….. (uncomfortable)

3. The man was getting ……………………………….. (angry)

4. Peter gets ……………………………… at the time. (selfish)

5. She seems to be getting …………………………. (thin)

6. Life in the modern world is becoming ………………………… (complex)

7. As he was afraid, he walked …………………………… (fast)

8. As the soccer game progressed, the crowd became …………………………

(enthusiastic)

9. Her English is getting ……………………………. (good)

10. I haven’t got a new job. I am becoming …………………………………
(discouraged)

11. The English lessons are ……………………………… (difficult)

12. Meat is getting ………………………………….. (expensive)

13. He is …………………………… for his book. (famous)

14. Nowadays, people eat ………………………… sugar and salt. (little)

15. The river flows ………………………………… (gently)

16. We feel tired because the way is ……………………………. (far)

17. These days ………………………. people learning Russian. (little)

18. As the day went on, the weather got ……………………… (fine)

19. They feel ………………………………… because of the fresh air. (healthy)

20. Her children are old now. She becomes …………………………. (busy)

Exercise 4: Combine these pairs of sentences into one, using the double
comparative clauses:

1. The sun is high. The shadow is short.

……………………………………………………………

2. He works a lot. He earns much.

…………………………………………………………………

3. He works little. He will be paid little.

……………………………………………………………

4. It is heavy. It becomes expensive.

……………………………………………………………….
5. She eats little, she becomes thin.

…………………………………………………………………

6. He talked much. I became bored.

………………………………………………………………

7. I waited long. I got angry .

………………………………………………………………………

8. You are old. You understand more.

……………………………………………………………

9. She drove fast. I became nervous.

………………………………………………………………..

10. We ran fast to go home. The sky went dark.

……………………………………………………..

Exercise 5: Combine each pairs of sentences, using Adverbial clause of

comparison (as … as)

1. Lipton tea costs 10$. Oolong tea costs 9 $.

………………………………………………………

2. Vinh is 1.65 meters tall. Hai is 1.7 meters tall.

…………………………………………………

3. Mary isn’t big. She was very big last year.

………………………………………………………

4. You are happier than she looks.

………………………………………………………………….
5. My bicycle is more expensive than yours.

……………………………………………………….

Bài tập 6: Viết lại câu với từ cho sẵn:

1. The apartment is big. The rent is high.
→ The bigger …………………………………………………………………
2. We set off soon. We will arrive soon.
→ The sooner…………………………………………………………………
3. The joke is good. The laughter is loud.
→ The better……………………………………………………………………
4. She gets fat. She feels tired.
→ The fatter …………………………………………………………………….
5. As he gets older, he wants to travel less.
→ The older …………………………………………………………………….
6. The children are excited with the difficult games.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
7. People dive fast. Many accidents happen.
→ The faster ……………………………………………………………………
8. I meet him much. I hate him much
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
9. My boss works better when he is pressed for time,
→ The less …………………………………………………………………….
10. As he has much money, he wants to spend much.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………
11. If you read many books, you will have much knowledge.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
12. He speaks too much and people feel bored.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
13. The growth in the economy makes people’s living condition better.
→ The more …………………………………………………………………….
14. He learned a lot of things as he traveled far.
→ The farther……………………………………………………………………