### Worksheet for Grade 6: **Understanding Sets**
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#### **Section A: Venn Diagrams**
1. **Definition**:
A Venn diagram is a pictorial representation of sets, drawn using circles. It highlights the
relationship between sets and their elements. The universal set \( U \) contains all the elements
under consideration.
2. **Example**:
\( U = \) {Months of the Year}
\( M = \) {May, March}
\( J = \) {January, July, June}
Represent these sets using a Venn diagram.
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#### **Section B: Empty Sets**
1. **Definition**:
A set with no elements is called an **empty set** (or null set) and is denoted by \( \phi \).
2. **Example**:
\( A = \) {0, 1, 2}
\( B = \) {0}
\( C = \phi \)
3. **Practice**:
- If \( A = \) the vowels in "RHYTHM" and \( B = \) {H}, list the elements of \( A \) and \( B \).
- Are \( A \) and \( B \) equal sets? Explain why.
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#### **Section C: Finite and Infinite Sets**
1. **Definition**:
- A **finite set** has a limited number of elements.
- An **infinite set** has an unlimited number of elements.
2. **Example**:
- Finite Set: {Multiples of 3 up to 30 → \( 3, 6, 9, ..., 30 \)}
- Infinite Set: {All positive multiples of 3 → \( 3, 6, 9, ... \)}
3. **Practice**:
- List the elements of \( C = \{x : x \) is a positive integer between 10 and 18\} and \( D = \{x :
x \) is a positive integer such that \( 10 < x < 18 \}\).
- Are \( C \) and \( D \) equal sets? If not, explain why.
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#### **Section D: Singleton Sets**
1. **Definition**:
A **singleton set** contains exactly one element.
2. **Example**:
- \( A = \{5\} \), \( B = \{May\} \)
3. **Practice**:
- Identify if the following are singleton sets:
\( A = \{x : x \) is an even prime number\}, \( B = \{x : x \) is a composite number less than 4\}.
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#### **Section E: Well-Defined Sets**
1. **Definition**:
A set is well-defined if its elements can be clearly identified.
2. **Practice**:
State whether the following are well-defined sets and explain why:
- A movie liked by your classmates.
- Mathematics teachers in your school.
- A 14-year-old student in your class.
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#### **Section F: Exercises**
1. **List the elements and represent with Venn diagrams**:
(a) \( A = \{x : x \) is a positive integer between 1 and 10\}.
(b) \( B = \{x : x \) is a negative integer between -10 and -1 inclusive\}.
(c) \( C = \{x : x \) is a positive even integer such that \( -2 < x < 12 \}\).
(d) \( D = \{x : x \) are the vowels in the word "HAPPY"\}.
2. **True or False**:
\( B = \{ \text{Odd positive integers less than 11} \}\):
- \( 4 \in B \)
- \( 9 \in B \)
- \( 11 \notin B \)
3. **Identify the type of set**:
- \( U = \) {Colors of the rainbow}.
- \( A = \) {Horoscope signs}.
- \( B = \) {Months of the year}.
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#### **Thinking Time**
Two sets \( A \) and \( B \) are equal if they contain the same elements, regardless of the order.
For example, \( A = \{1, 2, 3\} \) and \( B = \{3, 2, 1\} \), then \( A = B \).
1. Are the sets \( A = \{x : x \) is a prime number less than 10\} and \( B = \{x : x \) is a composite
number less than 4\} equal? Why or why not?
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Let’s solve and understand sets better!
