STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

LOAD
CALCULATION
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

Dead Load:
Span of the truss (L) = 14m
Spacing of each frame (S) = 4.75m
Span 14
Self-weight of the truss = ( + 5) × 10 = ( + 5) × 10 = 96.67 N/m2
3 3

Weight of galvalume sheet = 100 N/m2

Weight of connections = 100 N/m2
For each intermediate truss member load coming from above weights
= (96.67 + 100 + 100) × L × S
296.67 × 14 × 4.75
= kN
103
= 19.728 kN
Weight of purlin = 120 kN/m
For each intermediate truss member load due to 9 Nos of purlin,
= 9 × 120 × S = 9 × 120 × 4.75 = 5130 N = 5.13 kN
So, for each intermediate truss member load due to above weight will be,
Wd = Load due to above weights + Load due to perlin
= 19.728 + 5.13 = 24.858 kN

P
P P
P P
P P
P/2 P/2

The entire load is distributed as shown in the figure,

Hence, 8P = 24.858
P
P = 3.107 kN = 1.5535 kN
2
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

Live load:
Roof angle (α) = 17° (> 10°)
Live load intensity for slope = 0.75 − 0.02 × (α − 10)
[Table 2, Sl. No-1-ii, Page -14 IS:875 (Part II)–1987]
= 0.75 − 0.02 × (17 − 10) = 0.61 kN/m2
Effective plan area for each intermediate truss = L × S
So, for each intermediate truss member total live load will be;
= 0.61 × L × S = 0.61 × 14 × 4.75 = 40.565 kN

R
R R
R R
R P R
R/2 R/2

8R = 40.565 kN
R
R = 5.07 kN = 2.535 kN
2

Wind Load:
Design wind speed, Vz = Vb K1 K 2 K 3 K 4 [Cl. 6.3, Page – 5, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Location – Patna
∴ Basic wind speed, Vb = 47 m/s [Annex-A, Page – 51, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Probability factor (Risk Coefficient), K1 = 1.0
[Table – 1, Page – 7, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Terrain roughness and height factor, K 2 = 1.00; {Terrain Category 2}
[Table – 2, Page – 8, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Topography factor, K 3 = 1 [Cl. 6.3.3, Page – 8, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

Importance factor for cyclonic region, K 4 = 1.15 {Industrial Structure}

[Cl. 6.3.4, Page – 8, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]

Design wind speed, Vz = 47 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1.15 = 54.05 m/s

Wind pressure at height z, Pz = 0.6Vz2 = 0.6 × 54.052 = 1752.84 N/m2
[Cl. 7.2, Page – 9, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Design wind pressure, Pd = K d K a K c Pz
Wind directionality factor, K d = 0.9 [Cl. 7.2.1, Page – 9, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Area averaging factor, K a = 1.0 {Tributary area = 4.75 × 1.83 = 8.69 m2 < 10 m2 }
[Table – 4, Page – 10, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Combination factor, K c = 0.9 [Cl. 7.3.3.13, Page – 16, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
Hence, Pd = 0.9 × 1 × 0.9 × 1752.84 = 1419.8 N/m2 = 0.81Pz > 0.7Pz

The wind load (F) acting in a direction normal to the individual structural element,
F = (Cpe − Cpi )APd [Cl. 7.3.1, Page – 10, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
{Cpe = external pressure coefficient
Cpi = internal pressure coefficient = ±0.5 [considering 5 – 20% opening]
[Cl. 7.3.2, Page – 11, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]
A = surface area of structural element
Pd = design wind pressure}

Height of knee above base, h = 7.5 m

Span of the truss, L = 14 m
h 1 h 3
= 0.536; [so, < < ]
L 2 L 2

Roof pitch angle, α = 17°

 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

[From table – 6, Cl. 7.3.3.2, Page – 14, IS 875 (PART III): 2015]

Roof Angle Wing Angle 0° Wind Angle 90°

(α) EF GH EF GH
10° -1.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6
20° -0.7 -0.5 -0.8 -0.6
17°
{by linear -0.82 -0.53 -0.8 -0.6
interpolating}

[Negative means away from surface (suction), positive means towards surface (pressure)]

Case – 1: 𝛉 = 𝟎° & 𝐂𝐩𝐢 = +𝟎. 𝟓

0.82 0.53 1.32 1.03

EF GH
0.5 0.5 Resultant (Cpe − Cpi )

FEF = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd

= 1.32 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 16.30 kN
FGH = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd
= 1.03 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 12.71 kN

8.15 6.355
16.3 12.71
16.3 12.71
16.3 12.71
8.15 6.355
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

Case – 2: 𝛉 = 𝟎° & 𝐂𝐩𝐢 = −𝟎. 𝟓

0.82 0.53 0.32 0.03

EF GH
0.5 0.5 Resultant (Cpe − Cpi )

FEF = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd

= 0.32 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 3.95 kN
FGH = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd
= 0.03 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 0.37 kN

1.975 0.185
3.95 0.37
3.95 0.37
3.95 0.37
1.975 1.085

Case – 3: 𝛉 = 𝟗𝟎° & 𝐂𝐩𝐢 = +𝟎. 𝟓

0.8 0.6 1.3 1.1

EF GH
0.5 0.5 Resultant (Cpe − Cpi )

FEF = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd

= 1.3 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 16.04 kN
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

FGH = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd

= 1.1 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 13.58 kN

8.02 6.79
16.04 13.58
16.04 13.58
16.04 13.58
8.02 6.79

Case – 4: 𝛉 = 𝟗𝟎° & 𝐂𝐩𝐢 = −𝟎. 𝟓

0.8 0.6 0.3 0.1

EF GH
0.5 0.5 Resultant (Cpe − Cpi )

FEF = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd

= 0.3 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 3.7 kN
FGH = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd
= 0.1 × (4.75 × 1.83) × (1419.8 × 10−3 ) kN
= 1.23 kN

1.85 0.615
3.7 1.23
3.7 1.23
3.7 1.23
1.85 0.615
 STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN PROJECT

STAAD.Pro Input:
Wind load (Suction): Intermediate node of each face

WIND-WARD (EF) LEE-WARD (GH)

F = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd
kN kN
Fx 16.3 × sin 17° = 4.76 12.71 × sin 17° = 3.72
CASE - 1
Fy 16.3 × cos 17° = 15.59 12.71 × cos 17° = 12.15
Fx 3.95 × sin 17° = 1.15 0.37 × sin 17° = 0.11
CASE - 2
Fy 3.95 × cos 17° = 3.78 0.37 × cos 17° = 0.35
Fx 16.04 × sin 17° = 4.69 13.58 × sin 17° = 3.97
CASE - 3
Fy 16.04 × cos 17° = 15.34 13.58 × cos 17° = 12.99
Fx 3.7 × sin 17° = 1.08 1.23 × sin 17° = 0.36
CASE - 4
Fy 3.7 × cos 17° = 3.54 1.23 × cos 17° = 1.18

Wind load (Suction): Edge node of each face

WIND-WARD (EF) LEE-WARD (GH)

F = (Cpe − Cpi )A. Pd
kN kN
Fx 8.15 × sin 17° = 2.38 6.355 × sin 17° = 1.86
CASE - 1
Fy 8.15 × cos 17° = 7.79 6.355 × cos 17° = 6.08
Fx 1.975 × sin 17° = 0.58 0.185 × sin 17° = 0.05
CASE - 2
Fy 1.975 × cos 17° = 1.89 0.185 × cos 17° = 0.18
Fx 8.02 × sin 17° = 2.34 6.79 × sin 17° = 1.98
CASE - 3
Fy 8.02 × cos 17° = 7.67 6.79 × cos 17° = 6.49
Fx 1.85 × sin 17° = 0.54 0.615 × sin 17° = 0.18
CASE - 4
Fy 1.85 × cos 17° = 1.77 0.615 × cos 17° = 0.59