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Lab Report Os

The document outlines an assignment for a student at the University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, focusing on Unix/Linux systems. It includes lab tasks involving command-line operations and a structured MS Word document outline covering various aspects of Unix/Linux, such as its history, file system hierarchy, and system configuration. The assignment emphasizes practical execution of commands and documentation of outputs for a comprehensive lab report.

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unafees2003
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5 views6 pages

Lab Report Os

The document outlines an assignment for a student at the University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, focusing on Unix/Linux systems. It includes lab tasks involving command-line operations and a structured MS Word document outline covering various aspects of Unix/Linux, such as its history, file system hierarchy, and system configuration. The assignment emphasizes practical execution of commands and documentation of outputs for a comprehensive lab report.

Uploaded by

unafees2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology


Name: Nafees Ahmad
Reg No: 23PWBCS1040
Assignment: Lab
Submitted to: Kanwal Aneeq
Submission Date: 20-03-2025
Do research and create a MS word document on “Description of

Unix/Linux Systems”

Lab tasks

 Switch to the sbin directory and report your current working directory.

 List the contents of etc directory directly from your current directory assuming that you
are

not at the “/” directory.

 List the contents of etc directory by navigation from /var directory.

 List and identify the contents of /bin and /sbin.

 From the /bin directory, write the name of any entry and press enter. Report the output of
the action

taken.

 List the contents of /dev directory.

 List the contents of the root directory.

 List a long listing of the root directory

 Save your lab activity after executing each command along with the output in a text file.

 Save the text file with your RegistrationNuber_Name.

MS Word Document Outline: "Description of Unix/Linux Systems"

1. Introduction

 What is Unix/Linux?

 History and evolution of Unix/Linux.

 Key features and advantages of Unix/Linux.

 Open-source nature of Linux.

 Distributions of Linux (e.g., Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian).

2. File System Hierarchy Standard (FHS)

 Explanation of the FHS.


 Importance of the FHS for system organization.

 Detailed description of key directories:

o / (Root directory)

o /bin (Essential user binaries)

o /sbin (Essential system binaries)

o /etc (Configuration files)

o /var (Variable data)

o /dev (Device files)

o /home (User home directories)

o /usr (User-related programs and files)

o /tmp (Temporary files)

o /boot (Boot loader files)

o /lib (Essential shared libraries)

3. User and System Binaries (/bin and /sbin)

 Di erences between /bin and /sbin.

 Examples of common commands in each directory.

 Importance of system binaries for system administration.

4. Device Files (/dev)

 Explanation of device files.

 Examples of common device files (e.g., /dev/sda, /dev/tty).

 How device files represent hardware.

5. System Configuration (/etc)

 Importance of configuration files.

 Examples of key configuration files (e.g., /etc/passwd, /etc/network/interfaces).

 How to modify configuration files.

6. Lab Tasks and Execution


 Instructions for each lab task.

 Screenshots or text output of each command execution.

 Explanation of the output for each command.

7. Conclusion

 Summary of key concepts.

 Importance of understanding the Unix/Linux file system.

 Further learning resources.

Lab Tasks and Commands

1. Switch to the /sbin directory and report your current working directory.

Bash

cd /sbin

pwd

2. List the contents of /etc directory directly from your current directory (assuming you are
not at /).

Bash

ls ../etc

3. List the contents of /etc directory by navigation from /var directory.

Bash

cd /var

ls ../etc

4. List and identify the contents of /bin and /sbin.

Bash

ls /bin

ls /sbin

 Identify some common commands in each directory (e.g., ls, cp, mv in /bin; ifconfig,
fdisk, reboot in /sbin).
5. From the /bin directory, write the name of any entry and press enter. Report the output of
the action taken.

Bash

cd /bin

ls #to see the contents of bin

date #or any other program, like cal.

 Describe the output (e.g., the current date and time).

6. List the contents of /dev directory.

Bash

ls /dev

7. List the contents of the root directory.

Bash

ls /

8. List a long listing of the root directory.

Bash

ls -l /

9. Save your lab activity after executing each command along with the output in a text file.

 Use a text editor (e.g., nano, vim, gedit) to create a file named
23PWBCS1040_YourName.txt.

 Copy and paste the commands and their output into the text file after each step.

Example Text File Content:

Task 1: Switch to /sbin and report current directory

Command: cd /sbin

Command: pwd

Output: /sbin

Task 2: List /etc from current directory


Command: ls ../etc

Output: [list of files and directories in /etc]

... (Continue for all tasks) ...

10. Save the text file with your RegistrationNumber_Name.

 Save the file as 23PWBCS1040_YourName.txt.

Important Notes:

 Replace "YourName" with your actual name.

 Take screenshots of your terminal output and include them in your MS Word
document.

 Provide explanations for each command and its output in the text file and your MS
Word document.

 Use a virtual machine or a Linux environment to execute these commands safely.

 When executing commands that may alter the system, make sure you have the
correct permissions.

This detailed outline and command list should help you create a comprehensive and
informative MS Word document. Remember to add your own explanations and insights to
make it a complete lab report.

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